CN102350413A - Tea refining material balance control system - Google Patents

Abstract

A material balance control system for tea refining. The tea refining processing equipment includes a circular sieve machine, a shaking sieve machine, a flat conveyor, a vertical conveyor and a wind separator. The discharge port of the machine is connected with the feed port of the shaking screen machine through the horizontal conveyor and the vertical conveyor, and the discharge port of the shaker screen machine is connected with the feed port of the winnowing machine through the vertical conveyor, and the material balance The control system includes a photoelectric switch to detect whether there is tea flow, a flow scale to detect the amount of feed, and a balance controller to start operation according to the detection signal of the photoelectric switch and adjust the speed of the driving motor according to the size of the process. The photoelectric switch Installed at the feed inlet of the horizontal conveyor, vertical conveyor and winnowing machine, the flow scale is installed at the feed inlet of the circular screen machine and the feed inlet of the shaking screen machine. The invention realizes automatic balance and matching of materials, has high control precision, and exerts the maximum production capacity of production equipment on the premise of ensuring that no material blocking occurs.

Description

Material balance control system for tea refining

technical field

The invention relates to a material balance system, especially a material balance control system in the tea refining process.

Background technique

In the preparation process of certain tea leaves, there are refining processes of screening and winnowing, such as Pu'er tea, oolong tea, bulk green tea, black tea, etc. The sieving and winnowing process of tea refers to the use of round sieve machines, shaking sieve machines, winnowing machines and other equipment to sort the primary raw tea according to shape, weight, volume, etc., and at the same time, remove dust and hair in raw tea , iron filings and other foreign matter, prepared for the later process.

At present, tea refining is gradually developing from manual or semi-automatic production methods to automated production lines, so as to realize the whole mechanization, standardization, automation, continuous, clean and large-scale production of the tea refining process. In the process of tea refining, raw tea has to pass through various equipment such as round sieve machine, shaker sieve machine, flat conveyor, vertical conveyor, winnowing machine, etc. During the flow of tea, if the flow rate is too large, it is easy to cause material blocking. If the flow rate is too small, the production capacity of the equipment cannot be exerted. At present, most of the tea refining production lines rely on operators to adjust the production rate by observing and adjusting the operating speed of each equipment and the damper of the winnowing equipment to prevent material blocking and other phenomena.

However, manual observation and manual adjustment have the following disadvantages:

1. The production efficiency is low. In order to prevent material blockage, the feed volume is often too small, and the maximum production capacity of the equipment cannot be exerted;

2. If the handwork is uneven, it is easy to cause material blocking in some equipment of the production line;

3. The adaptability of the process is poor. When the production process or tea batches change, online real-time adjustment cannot be realized;

4. In order to prevent material blocking, the equipment usually operates at the highest speed, and cannot automatically and real-time adjust the speed according to the current flow, which wastes energy.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the existing tea making process, such as the inability to realize automatic material balance and matching, low control precision, and relatively poor energy efficiency, the present invention provides a method for realizing automatic material balance and matching, high control precision, and ensuring that no The premise of material blocking is the tea refining material balance control system that exerts the maximum capacity of the production equipment.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A material balance control system for tea refining. The tea refining processing equipment includes a circular sieve machine, a shaking sieve machine, a flat conveyor, a vertical conveyor and a wind separator. The discharge port of the machine is connected with the feed port of the shaking screen machine through the horizontal conveyor and the vertical conveyor, and the discharge port of the shaker screen machine is connected with the feed port of the winnowing machine through the vertical conveyor, and the material balance The control system includes a photoelectric switch to detect whether there is tea flow, a flow scale to detect the amount of feed, and a balance controller to start operation according to the detection signal of the photoelectric switch and adjust the speed of the driving motor according to the size of the process. The photoelectric switch Installed at the feed inlet of the horizontal conveyor, vertical conveyor and winnowing machine, the flow scale is installed at the feed inlet of the circular screen machine and the feed inlet of the shaking screen machine.

Further, the controller also includes a blockage prevention control unit for controlling each equipment in the production line to start and stop according to the logic of reverse start and sequential stop.

Further, the feeding port of the circular sieve is provided with a feeder, and in the balance controller, when the flow of tea leaves is less than the maximum production capacity of the circular sieve, the working speed of the circular sieve is adjusted according to the linear relationship according to the current flow (The working speed of the circular screen machine is adjusted by the output frequency of the inverter frequency):

Right now

in:

f: Adjusted working frequency of the circular screen machine, Hz

f _current: the current working frequency of the circular screen machine, Hz

_QCurrent : the current tea flow rate of the round sieve machine, Kg/h

_Qmax : the maximum flow rate of the round screen machine, Kg/h

When the tea flow rate is greater than the maximum production capacity of the round sieve machine, the controller reduces the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder.

Furthermore, in the balance controller, when the flow of tea leaves is less than the maximum production capacity of the shaker, the vibration frequency of the shaker is adjusted according to the current flow and according to the linear relationship:

即

Right now

in:

f: Adjusted operating frequency of the shaker, Hz

f _current : the current working frequency of the shaker, Hz

_QCurrent : the current tea flow rate of the shaking sieve machine, Kg/h

_Qmax : the maximum flow rate of the shaker, Kg/h

When the tea flow exceeds the maximum production capacity, the control reduces the working speed of the vibrating feeder and the round sieve.

The technical idea of the present invention is: in the tea refining production line, equipment such as flat conveyors, vertical conveyors, and winnowing machines usually operate at a fixed speed, and a photoelectric switch is installed at the feeding port to detect whether there is tea flow. So as to automatically start or stop the operation of related equipment;

In the tea refining production line, equipment such as round sieve machines and shaking sieve machines usually need to be adjusted in speed or vibration frequency. A flow scale is installed at the feed port to detect the feed amount of the equipment. The equipment plays a role in the control system. Next, it can automatically adjust the speed or adjust the vibration frequency according to the flow rate;

In order to prevent material blocking, each equipment in the production line starts and stops according to the logic of starting and stopping in reverse order, that is, when starting, start the subsequent equipment first, then start the front equipment, and finally feed the material to ensure the smooth flow of tea; when stopping, it is the opposite, first Stop feeding, and then stop the equipment step by step until all the tea leaves in the production line flow out without residue;

Flow automatic balance and matching technology. In the production line, the system realizes the dynamic adjustment of the working capacity (working speed, vibration frequency, etc.) Automatically balance and match the flow of different processes and different batches of tea production processes.

In addition, the tea fine material balance system also has the following functions: 1. Alarm function, when a certain equipment exceeds the maximum load, the system will send an alarm; 2. Automatic metering function, at the outlet of the wind separator, by setting the metering equipment , can measure the various tea leaves after sorting separately; 3. Production record preservation function, and provide historical production record query, statistics and report generation functions; 4. Process parameter storage and download function, for different production process parameters, The system can be stored, and can be recalled and downloaded to the control device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: 1. The maximum production capacity of the production equipment can be exerted under the premise of ensuring no material blocking, and the production efficiency is high; 2. The process adaptability is good, and the production line can realize the automatic balance and matching of the tea flow, And can realize online adjustment; 3. Each equipment in the production line can realize automatic start-stop and automatic adjustment according to the presence or absence and size of tea flow, which realizes energy saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is tea refining production process drawing;

Figure 2 is a layout diagram of tea refining production equipment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of tea refining material balance control system, tea refining processing equipment comprises circular sieve machine, shaking sieve machine, flat conveyer, vertical conveyer and winnowing machine, the feed inlet of described circular sieve machine is The raw tea is imported, and the discharge port of the circular sieve machine is connected with the feed port of the shaking screen machine through the horizontal conveyor and the vertical conveyor, and the discharge port of the shaking screen machine is fed through the vertical conveyor and the winnowing machine. The material balance control system includes a photoelectric switch to detect whether there is tea flow, a flow scale to detect the amount of feed, and a balance to start the operation according to the detection signal of the photoelectric switch and adjust the speed of the driving motor according to the size of the process. The controller, the photoelectric switch is installed at the feed inlet of the horizontal conveyor, the vertical conveyor and the winnowing machine, and the flow scale is installed at the feed inlet of the circular screen machine and the shaker screen machine.

Further, the controller also includes a blockage prevention control unit for controlling each equipment in the production line to start and stop according to the logic of reverse start and sequential stop.

The feeding port of the circular sieve is provided with a feeder, and in the balance controller, when the tea flow is less than the maximum production capacity of the circular sieve, the working speed of the circular sieve is adjusted according to the linear relationship according to the current flow (the circular sieve The working speed of the machine is adjusted by the output frequency of the inverter frequency):

Right now

in:

f: Adjusted working frequency of the circular screen machine, Hz

f _current : the current working frequency of the circular screen machine, Hz

_QCurrent : the current tea flow rate of the round sieve machine, Kg/h

_Qmax : the maximum flow rate of the circular screen machine, Kg/h;

When the tea flow rate is greater than the maximum production capacity of the circular sieve machine, the vibration frequency of the vibration feeder is controlled to be reduced.

In the balance controller, when the flow of tea leaves is less than the maximum production capacity of the shaker, the vibration frequency of the shaker is adjusted according to the current flow and according to the linear relationship,

即

Right now

in:

f: Adjusted operating frequency of the shaker, Hz

f _current : the current working frequency of the shaker, Hz

_QCurrent : the current tea flow rate of the shaking sieve machine, Kg/h

_Qmax : the maximum flow rate of the shaker, Kg/h;

When the tea flow exceeds the maximum production capacity, the control reduces the working speed of the vibrating feeder and the round sieve.

Referring to Fig. 1, the refined production process diagram of a certain tea. The raw tea is first sieved once, that is, round sieve 1-round sieve 5. After the first sieving, the raw tea is divided into three groups, the top sieve surface tea, the bottom sieve surface tea and the under sieve tea. Among them, after the upper sieve surface tea of the 5 round sieves is collected, it enters the shaking sieve machine 1 (secondary screening), and the tea on the 1st surface of the shaking sieve machine (1# tea) and the tea under the sieve (2# tea) enter the winnowing respectively Machines 1 and 2 are further sorted into 6 grades of 1# tea mouth, 1# tea mouth, 1# tea vice mouth, 2# tea mouth, 2# tea mouth and 2# tea vice mouth; After the tea under the sieve of the 5 round sieves is collected, it enters the round sieve machine 9 (secondary sieving), and the upper sieve surface tea (9# tea) and the lower sieve surface tea (10# tea) of the circular sieve machine 9 enter the winnowing respectively Machines 9 and 10 are further sorted into 6 levels of 9# tea mouth, 9# tea mouth, 9# tea vice mouth, 10# tea mouth, 10# tea mouth and 10# tea vice mouth, The tea under the sieve of the round sieve machine 9 is usually less tea, which is collected by the bucket; the tea on the lower layer of the 5 round sieves has the largest amount of tea, and after being collected, it is diverted to the round sieve machine 6-round sieve machine again 8. Carry out secondary sieving. After the secondary sieving, the tea leaves are divided into three groups again, the upper sieve surface tea, the lower sieve surface tea and the under-sieve tea. Among them, after the upper sieve surface tea of the 3 round sieves is collected, it enters the shaking sieve machine 2 (three screenings), and the tea on the 2 sides of the shaking sieve machine (3# tea) and the tea under the sieve (4# tea) enter the winnowing machine respectively 3, 4, and further sorted into 6 grades of 3# Chazhengkou, 3# Chazikou, 3# Tea Fuzikou, 4# Chazhengkou, 4# Chazikou and 4# Tea Fuzikou; the same The bottom layer of sieve tea of 3 round sieves is passed through shaking sieve machine 3 (three screenings), winnowing machine 5, 6, and the tea under the sieve of 3 round sieves is passed shaking sieving machine 4 (three screenings), winnowing Machines 7 and 8 are further sorted into 5# tea mouth, 5# tea mouth, 5# tea vice mouth, 6# tea mouth, 6# tea mouth, 6# tea vice mouth, 7# tea There are 12 levels of Zhengkou, 7# Chazikou, 7# Chazikou, 8# Chazhengkou, 8# Chazikou, and 8# Tea Fuzikou, and finally complete the grouping and grading of tea leaves.

Referring to Figure 2, it is a layout diagram of tea refining production equipment under the above-mentioned production process. The raw tea enters the round sieve machine 1-5 through the vibrating feeder 1-5 and the flow scale 1-5. The flow scale measures the flow of tea leaves entering the round sieve machine through the feeder. When the tea flow rate is less than the maximum production of the round sieve machine capacity, the control system automatically adjusts the working speed of the round sieve machine according to the tea flow rate to adapt to different tea flow rates; when the tea flow rate is greater than the maximum production capacity of the round sieve machine, the control system will automatically reduce the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder, Reduce the amount of tea entering, and at the same time, generate an alarm signal. The three outlets of round sieves 1-5 (upper layer sieve surface tea, lower layer sieve surface tea and under-sieve tea) are collected respectively into Pingshu 1 (upper sieve surface tea), Pingshu 2 (lower sieve surface tea) and Pingshu 3 ( tea under sieve), each outlet of round sieve 1-5 is equipped with photoelectric switch 1-15, when detecting that tea leaves flow, ensure that the flat conveyor is in working condition, when no tea leaves flow is detected within a period of time, Then stop the work of the flat conveyor. The upper sieve surface tea of the round sieve 1-5 is collected through the horizontal conveyer 1, and then lifted to the shaking screen 1 through the vertical conveyer 1, and a photoelectric switch 16 is provided at the entrance of the vertical conveyer 1 (or the outlet of the horizontal conveyer 1) for controlling In the working state of the vertical feeder 1 (working/stop), a flow scale 6 is provided at the entrance of the shaker 1 (or the outlet of the vertical feeder 1), and the control system automatically adjusts the vibration frequency of the shaker 1 according to the flow rate of the flow scale 6 to adapt to the According to different flow requirements, the two outlets of shaker 1 (screened tea and under-sieve tea) are sent to winnowing machines 1 and 2 respectively via vertical conveyers 6 and 7, and a photoelectric switch 21 is provided at the two outlets of shaker 1 , 22, used to control the working status (work/stop) of vertical loser 6, wind selection 1, vertical loser 7 and wind selection 2. The work control of other flat conveyors, vertical conveyors, round screen machines, and shaking screen machines is the same.

It can be seen from the above layout that the production of 1# tea needs to go through vibrating feeder 1-5, flow scale 1-5, round screen 1-5, photoelectric switch 1-15, horizontal transport 1, photoelectric switch 16, vertical transport 1, Flow scale 6, shaking screen 1, photoelectric switch 21, vertical transport 6 and winnowing 1 can be called 1# tea production line, and its flow control is called vertical matching in the whole production line, that is, photoelectric switches 1-15, 16, 21 will make the horizontal transport 1, vertical transport 1, vertical transport 6 and winnowing 1 work or stop according to whether there is tea flow in the 1# tea production line; the flow scale 6 will automatically adjust the vibration frequency of the shaker 1 according to the current flow, If the flow rate is large, the vibration frequency will be high, and if the flow rate is small, the vibration frequency will be low. When the flow scale 6 detects that the tea flow rate exceeds the maximum production capacity (material blockage will occur), the front end (vibration feeder 1-5 and round The working speed of the sieve 1-5) is to reduce the amount of feed to ensure the smooth flow of materials in the 1# tea production line. Similarly, the 2-10# tea production line also has the vertical matching function.

From the above layout, it can be known that the raw tea is sorted into 1-10# tea after passing through the production line, and the production ratio of 1-10# tea is not equal. Usually, the amount of 3-8# tea is the largest, the amount of 10# tea is the smallest, and the amount of 1-10# tea is the smallest. The flow control of tea is called horizontal balance in the whole production line, that is, each equipment has its own maximum production capacity, at this time, the sub-production line with the largest flow determines the maximum working capacity of production. For example, among 1-10#, 5# tea production is the largest, 10# tea production is the smallest, and others are in the middle. At this time, the control system will adjust with the production capacity of 5# tea production line (corresponding to working speed, vibration frequency, etc.) To the maximum working capacity state, the 10# tea production line is adjusted to the minimum working capacity state, and other sub-productions are automatically balanced to the best working capacity state according to the current flow.

When the process is adjusted or the tea batches are different, the production ratio of 1-10# tea will change. At this time, the control system will perform vertical matching and horizontal balancing according to the change of flow rate. This is the material automatic balancing technology of this production line.

Claims (4)

1. A tea refining material balance control system, the tea refining processing equipment includes a circular sieve machine, a shaking sieve machine, a flat conveyor, a vertical conveyor and a winnowing machine, the feed inlet of the circular sieve machine is the import of raw tea, and the The discharge port of the circular sieve machine is connected with the feed port of the shaking screen machine through the horizontal conveyor and the vertical conveyor, and the discharge port of the shaker screen machine is connected with the feed port of the winnowing machine through the vertical conveyor. It is: the material balance control system includes a photoelectric switch for detecting whether there is tea flow, a flow scale for detecting the amount of feed, and a balance control for starting operation according to the detection signal of the photoelectric switch and adjusting the speed of the driving motor according to the size of the process. The photoelectric switch is installed at the feed inlet of the horizontal conveyor, the vertical conveyor and the winnowing machine, and the flow scale is installed at the feed inlet of the circular screen machine and the shaker screen machine. 2. The material balance control system for tea refining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the controller also includes an anti-blocking material control system for controlling each device in the production line to start and stop according to the logic of starting in reverse order and stopping in sequence. control unit. 3. The tea refining material balance control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the feeding port of the circular sieve is provided with a feeder, and in the balance controller, when the flow of tea leaves is less than that of the circular sieve When the maximum production capacity is reached, adjust the working speed of the round sieve machine according to the current flow according to the linear relationship; when the tea flow rate is greater than the maximum production capacity of the round sieve machine, control and reduce the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder. 4. The tea refining material balance control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the balance controller, when the tea flow rate is less than the maximum production capacity of the shaker, the shaker is adjusted according to the current flow rate and the linear relationship The vibration frequency of the machine, when the tea flow exceeds the maximum production capacity, the control reduces the working speed of the vibrating feeder and the round sieve.

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