CN102248122B - Female mould used for making wax mould in dewaxing casting process as well as manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Female mould used for making wax mould in dewaxing casting process as well as manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248122B CN102248122B CN2011101732183A CN201110173218A CN102248122B CN 102248122 B CN102248122 B CN 102248122B CN 2011101732183 A CN2011101732183 A CN 2011101732183A CN 201110173218 A CN201110173218 A CN 201110173218A CN 102248122 B CN102248122 B CN 102248122B
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000044283 Toxicodendron succedaneum Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010068 moulding (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005548 dental material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a female mould used for making a wax mould in a dewaxing casting process, comprising an upper mould and a lower mould, wherein the upper mould comprises an upper mould board, a locating bump, an upper mould cavity and an upper mould pouring gate communicated with the upper mould cavity, the lower mould comprises a lower mould board, a locating groove matched with the locating bump, a lower mould cavity corresponding to the upper mould cavity and a lower mould pouring gate corresponding to the upper mould pouring gate, the upper mould cavity and the lower mould cavity are assembled together to form a mould cavity consist with the shape of a product to be prepared in the dewaxing casting process when the upper mould and the lower mould are assembled together, and the upper mould and the lower mould are made from resin materials. The female mould used for making the wax mould in the dewaxing casting process in the invention is a resin material mould obtained by the way that female mould boards are directly moulded by a three-dimensional rapid moulding machine according to different styles of products, can be repeatedly used and is flexible and rapid to manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mould and process in a kind of lost-wax casting technology, especially a kind of former for wax-loss casting process making wax-pattern, preparation method and the application of this former.
Background technology
Wax-loss casting process is by casting technique development in ancient times.The period of late Neolithic of distance before modern more than 5000 year, Ancient Times in China craftsman has just extensively adopted wax-loss casting process in the manufacturing of bronze ware.Craftsman at that time is according to plasticity and hot volatile characteristics of beeswax, at first beeswax is engraved as the wax-pattern that needs shape, again at wax-pattern outer wrapping clay and reserve a duck eye, dry the back roasting, make wax-pattern gasification volatilization, clay then becomes ceramic shell simultaneously, and inner walls has stayed the former of wax-pattern.At this moment again molten metal is injected housing along aperture, break housing after the cooling, namely obtain required metal strand.The basic principle of modern lost-wax casting technology is the same, only more complicated precision, and the design of product model adopts computer to finish more, and no longer is hand engraving.Modern wax-loss casting process not only can be realized accurate manufacturing of batch of jewellery because of it, and can take into account the variation of style or kind, therefore occupies consequence in the manufacturing mode of production of jewellery.In addition, lost-wax casting technology also is widely used in dental material and other industrial products fields.
At present, the lost-wax casting technology mainly contains two kinds of processes, method one: be the technology that adopts the resin formpiston, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of this method, and it comprises the step of carrying out successively: make the geomery resin mold (formpiston) the same with the style moulding of designed product according to designed product model with rapidform machine; Replace traditional wax-pattern by certain arrangement mode planting wax tree with resin mold; Put into steel sleeve (steel bell) perfusion calcium plaster, gypsum is through vacuumizing, air-set, drying by certain intensifications period, obtain plaster mold (former) after the roasting; Casting in the deposite metal, after the metal cooling plaster mold is put into that cold water is fried to be washed, and takes out foundry goods and obtain the strand semi-finished product, carries out follow-up tumbling again, inlays and operation such as surface treatment.In this process, since the plaster mold of hollow by plaster mold is dried, roasting makes resin mold decompose volatilization and obtains, therefore resin mold can only use once, and the expense of the moulding material of making resin mold and backing material is higher, causes very big waste undoubtedly.On the other hand, because the resin mold material melting point is higher, when the roasting plaster mold, fail to be completely decomposed of volatile, it is more to tend to occur the foundry goods sand holes, problems such as the fineness on surface is not enough, be unfavorable for the processing of subsequent handling and can increase loss, and if allow the direct discharging of decomposition gas of resin molding also can cause problem of environmental pollution.
Method two: be to adopt the silver version to turn over the molded technology of making wax-pattern, as shown in Figure 2, the step that comprises has: make a silver version formpiston according to aforementioned resin formpiston technology earlier; Press silica gel, the mould that vulcanizes, comes unglued to obtain the silica gel former to the silver version then; By obtaining wax-pattern after the casting of silica gel former, behind planting wax tree, plaster mold processed, investment wax casting, obtain the strand semi-finished product again.Compare with last a kind of method, during batch process, but silver version and the use of silica gel mould repeated multiple times, but increased by six procedures; The mould that comes unglued needs manual operations, and the quality of rubber moulding is closely related with the personnel's of coming unglued technical ability, and often quality fluctuation is bigger; And owing to turning in the middle of the mold process, the repeatedly formpiston-former conversion through in the links such as system silver version, glue film and casting film can produce certain sum of errors distortion, and especially tiny position is easier loses shape at some, is unfavorable for the processing of subsequent handling.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of former for wax-loss casting process making wax-pattern, but its repeated multiple times is used and is made quick.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of former of making wax-pattern for wax-loss casting process, comprise upper die and lower die, described patrix comprises cope match-plate pattern, locating convex block, upper cavity and the patrix running channel that is communicated with described upper cavity, described counterdie comprises lower bolster, the detent that coincide with described locating convex block, with the corresponding lower mode cavity of described upper cavity and with the corresponding counterdie running channel of described patrix running channel, described upper cavity and lower mode cavity lumped together to form with described wax-loss casting process and want the consistent die cavity of the shape of preparing product when described patrix lumped together with counterdie, and described upper die and lower die are resin material.
Preferably, described upper die and lower die are by the rapid forming equipment straight forming, and the shape of the shape of described patrix and structure, counterdie and structure are consistent with the patrix threedimensional model of drawing according to the moulding of described preparing product, counterdie threedimensional model respectively.
Preferably, the shape of cross section of described locating convex block and detent is circular.
Preferably, described patrix running channel comprises opening at the position, the patrix mouth of a river of described cope match-plate pattern side, the patrix sprue that is communicated with a position of position, the described patrix mouth of a river and upper cavity and the patrix secondary fluid course that is communicated with between the another location of described patrix sprue and upper cavity, described counterdie running channel comprise with position, the corresponding counterdie mouth of a river, position, the described patrix mouth of a river, with the corresponding counterdie sprue of described patrix sprue, with the corresponding counterdie secondary fluid course of described patrix secondary fluid course.
The present invention also provides this preparation method of making the former of wax-pattern for wax-loss casting process, described preparation method is the upper die and lower die by the described former of rapid forming equipment straight forming, and the shape of the shape of described patrix and structure, counterdie and structure are consistent with patrix threedimensional model, the counterdie threedimensional model drawn according to the described moulding of wanting preparing product respectively.
Preferably, described rapid forming equipment comprises photosensitive resin 3 D-printing rapidform machine.
The present invention also provides this purposes of former in the preparation jewellery of making wax-pattern for wax-loss casting process.
The present invention also provides this purposes of former in the preparation dental material of making wax-pattern for wax-loss casting process.
Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: the present invention is used for the former that wax-loss casting process is made wax-pattern, be by the different styles of three-dimensional fast shaping machine according to product, pattern straight forming negative template and the resin material mould that obtains, rather than resemble and make the product formpiston the method one, but the silica gel former in the replacement method two is made wax-pattern and is applied to wax-loss casting process, this resin former can repeated multiple times uses, and having overcome in the method one because of the resin formpiston is that disposable use causes cost up, because the resin mold volatilization not exclusively causes defective and the environmental pollution problems that foundry goods sand holes or fineness are not high; Comparative approach two has saved the operation that five roads are used for turning over mould, has saved cost, and the problem of having avoided the size that causes in formpiston-former conversion repeatedly and moulding to depart from initial design; And this resin former is by the rapid forming equipment moulding, only need design template graphics, and moulding is very convenient to be conducive to guarantee die quality again, therefore change the product style just seem very flexibly, quick.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wax-loss casting process FB(flow block) of the disposable resin formpiston of existing use;
Fig. 2 is the existing wax-loss casting process FB(flow block) that comprises silver-colored mould reprint technology;
Fig. 3 is the resin formpiston schematic diagram of a kind of ring of available technology adopting;
Fig. 4 is the cope match-plate pattern structural representation of resin former of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the lower bolster structural representation of resin former of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is resin former matched moulds view of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is wax-loss casting process FB(flow block) of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Be example with preparation ring product, referring to Fig. 3, show the resin material ring formpiston 10 of method one usefulness the rapidform machine moulding of prior art, its shape, structure, size and the ring material object that will prepare are consistent.In wax-loss casting process method one shown in Figure 1, be used for replacing the wax-pattern planting wax tree to irritate plaster mold.
Be example with preparation ring product equally, referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, show the resin material ring former 20 of making wax-pattern for wax-loss casting process, comprise patrix 20a and counterdie 20b, patrix 20a comprises cope match-plate pattern 21a, locating convex block 22a, upper cavity 23a and the patrix running channel 24a that is communicated with upper cavity 23a; The detent 22b that counterdie 20b comprises lower bolster 21b, coincide with locating convex block 22a, with the corresponding lower mode cavity 23b of upper cavity 23a and with the corresponding counterdie running channel of patrix running channel 24a 24b; Upper cavity 23a and lower mode cavity 23b lumped together to form and want the shape of preparing product (ring) consistent die cavity 23, patrix running channel 24a and counterdie running channel 24b to lump together with wax-loss casting process to form the identical angle 22 that together forms of running channel 24, locating convex block 22a and detent 22b when patrix 20a lumped together with counterdie 20b.Patrix running channel 24a comprises opening at the patrix mouth of a river of cope match-plate pattern 21a side position 241a, the patrix sprue 242a that is communicated with the position of patrix mouth of a river position 241a and upper cavity 23a and the patrix secondary fluid course 243a that is communicated with between the another location of patrix sprue 242a and upper cavity 23a, counterdie running channel 24b comprise with the position 241a corresponding counterdie mouth of a river, patrix mouth of a river position 241b, with the corresponding counterdie sprue of patrix sprue 242a 242b, with the corresponding counterdie secondary fluid course of patrix secondary fluid course 243a 243b.When patrix 20a and counterdie 20b lump together, patrix mouth of a river position 241a and counterdie mouth of a river position 241b lump together and form position, the mouth of a river 241, patrix sprue 242a and counterdie sprue 242b lump together and form sprue 242, and patrix secondary fluid course 243a and counterdie secondary fluid course 243b lump together and form secondary fluid course 243.Two positions that sprue 242, secondary fluid course 243 are communicated with die cavity 23 respectively shape, size of preparing product are as required determined, mainly are that wax liquid is loading mould cavity 23 fully when guaranteeing the making wax-pattern.
Patrix 20a and counterdie 20b directly make by photosensitive resin 3 D-printing rapidform machine, photosensitive resin comprises acrylic acid series or epoxy resin polymeric material, the 3 D-printing rapidform machine can adopt for example Objet Eden 250 machines of Israel's product, and photosensitive resin is selected Fullcure 720, VeroBlue or the VeroWhite moulding material of the said firm for use.During Mold Making, draw Jewelry Model (this example is ring) according to the jewellery style moulding that designs on computers earlier, draw two mould masters that four pin location is arranged according to the actual size of Jewelry Model, draw and control " mouth of a river " then, " walk waterline " and " mouth of a river rod ", Jewelry Model, " mouth of a river rod ", " walk waterline " and " mouth of a river " connection collection, remove to repair volume two mould masters respectively with this connection collection again, obtain die cavity at two mould masters respectively, sprue, secondary fluid course and position, the mouth of a river, so namely be depicted as patrix threedimensional model and counterdie threedimensional model, output to Objet Eden 250 three-dimensional printer spray printings, the while photocuring, namely obtain Fig. 4, shape shown in 5 and the structure respectively with the patrix threedimensional model, the patrix 20a of counterdie threedimensional model unanimity and counterdie 20b, patrix 20a and counterdie 20b are pieced together, as shown in Figure 6, be exactly a complete resin material ring former 20.
Compare with the rubber moulding in the prior art wax-loss casting process method two shown in Figure 2, it is very easy, convenient that the change of the shape of its each several part of resin mold that said method is made, size, position seems.Angle such as rubber moulding, because be that three cuttves cut out, its cross sectional shape all is triangle, angle that then can the moulding arbitrary shape when resin mold of the present invention is made, therefore can be made into cross sectional shape for circular angle, adopt the upper and lower mould matched moulds of cylindrical angle to be more prone to.In like manner, the change of the position of running channel, size, shape is also easier.
The application of this resin material former in jewellery processing is its very important purposes.Referring to Fig. 7, show the technological process of casting semi-finished product blank, may further comprise the steps:
(1), by rapid forming equipment straight forming resin former, the resin former comprises die cavity, die cavity wants the shape of preparing product consistent with lost-wax casting simplification technology; Draw the threedimensional model of upper and lower mould during making according to the jewellery style of design, output to photosensitive resin 3 D-printing rapidform machine spray printing, while photocuring, obtain comprising the resin former of upper die and lower die;
(2), wax mould: paraffin melted and insulation between 60 ~ 70 ℃, in wax injector, paraffin is filled with the resin former, obtain wax-pattern through cooling, finishing;
(3), planting wax tree: on circular base plate with the wax-pattern made in a certain order, along the circumferential direction hierarchically be welded on a rod wax successively with weldering wax device and obtain wax tree;
(4), plaster mold processed: wax tree is connected the chassis put stainless steel cylinder (steel bell) together, the calcium plaster the mixed inwall along the steel bell is slowly injected, do not have wax tree 0.5～2cm until calcium plaster, vacuumized 1～5 minute again, placement was solidified and is obtained plaster mold in 6～12 hours naturally;
(5), investment wax casting: make the plaster mold mouth of a river steel bell be put into electric furnace downwards and cure dewaxing in 6～20 hours, drying, insulation at 350～700 ℃, the gold that fusing has prepared in casting machine also keeps molten condition, the steel bell taken out from electric furnace rapidly put into casting machine and finish casting, the plaster mold for the treatment of will to contain after the metal cooling foundry goods puts into that cold water is fried to be washed, and takes out pickling behind the foundry goods, cleans and obtain the strand semi-finished product.
This technology of the present invention, compare with the method one of as shown in Figure 1 prior art, because this method adopts rapid forming equipment straight forming former, this resin former is used for making wax-pattern earlier and uses the wax-pattern planting wax tree again, can repeated multiple times use, the resin formpiston that has therefore overcome method one can only disposable use and the resin molding material costliness causes the problem of cost up; Also overcome the investment wax casting step because of the incomplete problem that causes the defective that foundry goods sand holes or fineness are not high of resin mold volatilization; Also overcome environmental pollution problems; And this method has just increased the step of a simple wax mould, so superiority is very obvious.
This technology of the present invention, compare with the method two of as shown in Figure 2 prior art, because this method adopts rapid forming equipment straight forming former, this resin former replaces rubber moulding to be used for making wax-pattern, and can repeated multiple times use, save the operation that five roads are used for turning over mould, saved cost widely, and the problem of having avoided the size that in formpiston-former conversion repeatedly, causes and moulding to depart from initial design; And this resin former is by the rapid forming equipment moulding, only need design template graphics, and moulding is very convenient to be conducive to guarantee die quality again, change the product style just seem very flexibly, quick.Therefore than the method two of prior art, the superiority of the inventive method is equally very obvious.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment to further describing that the present invention does, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is used for the application of former in the preparation jewellery that wax-loss casting process is made wax-pattern, described former comprises upper die and lower die, described patrix comprises cope match-plate pattern, locating convex block, upper cavity and the patrix running channel that is communicated with described upper cavity, described counterdie comprises lower bolster, the detent that coincide with described locating convex block, with the corresponding lower mode cavity of described upper cavity and with the corresponding counterdie running channel of described patrix running channel, described upper cavity and lower mode cavity lumped together to form with described wax-loss casting process and want the consistent die cavity of the shape of preparing product when described patrix lumped together with counterdie, and described upper die and lower die are resin material;
Described application comprises following processing step:
(1), by rapid forming equipment straight forming resin former, the resin former comprises die cavity, die cavity wants the shape of preparing product consistent with lost-wax casting simplification technology; Draw the threedimensional model of upper and lower mould during making according to the jewellery style of design, output to photosensitive resin 3 D-printing rapidform machine spray printing, while photocuring, obtain comprising the resin former of upper die and lower die;
(2), wax mould: paraffin melted and insulation between 60 ~ 70 ℃, in wax injector, paraffin is filled with the resin former, obtain wax-pattern through cooling, finishing;
(3), planting wax tree: on circular base plate with the wax-pattern made in a certain order, along the circumferential direction hierarchically be welded on a rod wax successively with weldering wax device and obtain wax tree;
(4), plaster mold processed: wax tree is connected the chassis put stainless steel cylinder together, the calcium plaster the mixed inwall along stainless steel cylinder is slowly injected, do not have wax tree 0.5～2cm until calcium plaster, vacuumized 1～5 minute again, placement was solidified and is obtained plaster mold in 6～12 hours naturally;
(5), investment wax casting: make the plaster mold mouth of a river stainless steel cylinder be put into electric furnace downwards and cure dewaxing in 6～20 hours, drying, insulation at 350～700 ℃, the gold that fusing has prepared in casting machine also keeps molten condition, stainless steel cylinder taken out from electric furnace rapidly put into casting machine and finish casting, the plaster mold for the treatment of will to contain after the metal cooling foundry goods puts into that cold water is fried to be washed, and takes out pickling behind the foundry goods, cleans and obtain the strand semi-finished product.
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| CN2011101732183A CN102248122B (en) | 2011-06-25 | 2011-06-25 | Female mould used for making wax mould in dewaxing casting process as well as manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| CN2011101732183A CN102248122B (en) | 2011-06-25 | 2011-06-25 | Female mould used for making wax mould in dewaxing casting process as well as manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| CN102248122A CN102248122A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102248122B true CN102248122B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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| CN101979180A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-02-23 | 吴江市森泰机械制造有限公司 | Easily-drawn casting mould |
| CN101992266A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-30 | 山东理工大学 | Manufacturing method for investment casting wax model |
| CN202146969U (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2012-02-22 | 深圳技师学院 | Female die for manufacturing wax patterns in lost wax casting process |
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| CN102248122A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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