CN112123662B - Method for preparing underwater acoustic board with cavity with complex structure - Google Patents
Method for preparing underwater acoustic board with cavity with complex structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112123662B CN112123662B CN202010932127.2A CN202010932127A CN112123662B CN 112123662 B CN112123662 B CN 112123662B CN 202010932127 A CN202010932127 A CN 202010932127A CN 112123662 B CN112123662 B CN 112123662B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/40—Plastics, e.g. foam or rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C2043/3665—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles cores or inserts, e.g. pins, mandrels, sliders
- B29C2043/3668—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles cores or inserts, e.g. pins, mandrels, sliders destructible or fusible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2075/02—Polyureas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种复杂构型空腔水下吸声板的制备方法，其有益效果为该方法可解决在粘弹性阻尼材料中加工复杂构型空腔的难题。包括以下步骤：步骤一、利用计算机软件创建空腔实体模具数模，然后将数模导入增材制造设备中制造空腔实体模具；步骤二、组装空腔实体模具，用石蜡进行浇铸，凝固后，拆解空腔实体模具，得到空腔实体蜡模；空腔实体蜡模是在吸声板中复杂构型空腔结构的基础上加一个定位柱；步骤三、制作吸声板浇铸模具，所述模具由上底板、下底板和边框组成，上底板、下底板和边框之间形成腔体，下底板呈凸台形，平面上开有通孔，与空腔实体蜡模上的定位柱配合；上底板呈倒凸台形，下底板呈正凸台形。
The present invention provides a preparation method of an underwater sound-absorbing board with a complex configuration cavity, which has the beneficial effect that the method can solve the difficult problem of processing a complex configuration cavity in a viscoelastic damping material. It includes the following steps: step 1, use computer software to create a digital model of the cavity solid mold, and then import the digital model into the additive manufacturing equipment to manufacture the solid cavity mold; step 2, assemble the solid cavity mold, cast with paraffin, and solidify it. , disassemble the cavity solid mold to obtain the cavity solid wax mold; the cavity solid wax mold is to add a positioning column on the basis of the complex configuration cavity structure in the sound-absorbing panel; step 3, making the sound-absorbing panel casting mold, The mold is composed of an upper base plate, a lower base plate and a frame, a cavity is formed between the upper base plate, the lower base plate and the frame, the lower base plate is in the shape of a boss, and a through hole is opened on the plane, which is matched with the positioning column on the cavity solid wax mold. ; The upper bottom plate is in the shape of an inverted boss, and the lower bottom plate is in the shape of a positive boss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater sound absorption, in particular to a method for preparing an underwater sound absorption plate with a cavity with a complex structure.
Background
The sound wave is the only communication mode which can realize the remote information transmission under water at present, and the vibration reduction and the noise reduction of the ship are important engineering problems because the sound wave belongs to mechanical waves and realizes the transmission process by the vibration of a medium. Compared with sound-absorbing materials such as solid rubber plates and the like, the Alberich sound-absorbing covering layer and the local resonance type phononic crystal are widely researched and applied in recent years as two typical underwater sound-absorbing structures. Due to the requirement of lightweight design, the Alberich type sound absorption covering layer with small density and simple structure has wider research value and engineering application prospect.
The Alberich type sound absorption covering layer is an underwater sound absorption structure with a periodic cavity embedded in a solid medium with a damping effect. At present, a common cavity type underwater sound absorption plate mainly comprises a cylindrical cavity, but a pure cylindrical cavity sound absorption covering layer cannot meet the strong sound absorption of low frequency and broadband, the low-frequency sound absorption performance of the sound absorption covering layer can be obviously improved by changing the size and the shape of the cavity, but the complex cavity is very difficult to process in a viscoelastic damping material by utilizing a traditional processing mode, and the development of the sound absorption covering layer is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing an underwater sound absorption plate with a cavity with a complex structure, which has the beneficial effect that the method can solve the problem of processing the cavity with the complex structure in a viscoelastic damping material.
A preparation method of an underwater acoustic board with a cavity with a complex structure comprises the following steps:
step one, a cavity entity mold digital model is created by utilizing computer software, and then the digital model is led into additive manufacturing equipment to manufacture a cavity entity mold;
assembling a cavity entity mold, casting by using paraffin, and disassembling the cavity entity mold after solidification to obtain a cavity entity wax mold; the cavity solid wax mold is formed by adding a positioning column on the basis of a complex-structure cavity structure in the sound absorption plate;
manufacturing a sound absorption plate casting mold, wherein the mold consists of an upper bottom plate, a lower bottom plate and a frame, a cavity is formed among the upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate and the frame, the lower bottom plate is in a boss shape, and a through hole is formed in the plane and matched with a positioning column on a cavity solid wax mold; the upper bottom plate is in an inverted boss shape, and the lower bottom plate is in a regular boss shape; the height of the frame is the sum of the thickness of the sound absorption plate and the heights of the bosses of the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate;
step four, preparing a sound absorption plate by casting, assembling a lower bottom plate and a frame of a sound absorption plate casting mold, inserting a positioning column on a cavity entity wax mold into a through hole on the lower bottom plate, pouring a liquid viscoelastic damping material into the mold until the whole mold is filled, covering an upper bottom plate, pressing the upper side of the upper bottom plate, and maintaining the pressure until the viscoelastic damping material is solidified;
step five, demolding to obtain the sound absorption plate with the embedded wax mold;
and step six, melting the wax mold to obtain the underwater acoustic board with the cavity with the complex configuration.
Preferably, the cavity solid mold is divided into a plurality of pieces along the central axis, and the cavity solid mold is provided with a positioning pin and a clamping hole, so that the multi-piece cavity solid mold is assembled and connected.
Preferably, when the wax pattern is manufactured in the second step, a small amount of silicone oil is coated on the inner surface of the cavity entity mold, so that the integrity of the wax pattern obtained in the mold opening process is ensured.
Preferably, the sound absorption plate casting mold is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the inner size of the frame of the sound absorption plate casting mold is in interference fit with the boss of the lower bottom plate and is in clearance fit with the boss of the upper bottom plate.
Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower bottom plate of the sound absorption plate casting mold and are arrayed or staggered.
Preferably, the viscoelastic damping material is one of polyurea, polyurethane, polyurea composite material and polyurethane composite material.
Preferably, the pressure applied during the casting preparation of the sound absorption plate in the fourth step is 1-20 MPa.
Preferably, the temperature used for melting the mold is 50-100 ℃.
Preferably, the internal shape formed by the cavity solid mold is a double trumpet shape or a vase shape.
The preparation method of the underwater acoustic board with the cavity with the complex structure has the beneficial effects that:
the method is simple and easy to implement, short in preparation period and low in cost, can solve the problem of processing a cavity with a complex configuration in the viscoelastic damping material, and the obtained plate has the advantages of smooth upper and lower surfaces, complete internal cavity structure, smooth inner wall and high precision.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solid cavity mold;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of a solid mold with a cavity;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a solid cavity mold;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a solid cavity mold;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hollow solid wax pattern;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sound-absorbing plate casting mold.
In the figure: an upper base plate 1; a frame 2; a cavity 3; a lower base plate 4; a hollow solid wax pattern 5; and the sound absorption plate casting mold 6.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 6, and a method for manufacturing an underwater acoustic board with a cavity having a complex configuration includes the following steps:
step one, a cavity entity mold digital model is created by utilizing computer software, and then the digital model is led into additive manufacturing equipment to manufacture a cavity entity mold;
assembling a cavity entity mold, casting by using paraffin, and disassembling the cavity entity mold after solidification to obtain a cavity entity wax mold; the cavity solid wax mold is formed by adding a positioning column on the basis of a complex-structure cavity structure in the sound absorption plate;
step three, manufacturing a sound absorption plate casting mold, wherein the mold consists of an upper bottom plate 1, a lower bottom plate 4 and a frame 2, a cavity 3 is formed among the upper bottom plate 1, the lower bottom plate 4 and the frame 2, the lower bottom plate 4 is in a boss shape, and a through hole is formed in the plane and matched with a positioning column 6 on a cavity solid wax mold; the upper bottom plate 1 is in an inverted boss shape, and the lower bottom plate 4 is in a regular boss shape; the height of the frame is the sum of the thickness of the sound absorption plate and the heights of the bosses of the upper base plate 1 and the lower base plate 4;
step four, preparing a sound absorption plate by casting, assembling a lower bottom plate and a frame of a sound absorption plate casting mold, inserting a positioning column 6 on a cavity entity wax mold into a through hole on the lower bottom plate, pouring a liquid viscoelastic damping material into the mold until the whole mold is filled, covering an upper bottom plate, pressing the upper side of the upper bottom plate, and maintaining the pressure until the viscoelastic damping material is solidified; extruding the redundant liquid viscoelastic damping material out of the gap between the upper bottom plate and the frame 2 to obtain a flat sound-absorbing plate;
step five, demolding to obtain the sound absorption plate with the embedded wax mold;
and step six, melting the wax pattern to obtain the underwater acoustic board with the cavity with the complex configuration, wherein the liquid viscoelastic damping material is not melted into liquid when being heated, and only the wax pattern is melted into liquid and then flows out.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6, in which the cavity solid mold is divided into multiple pieces along the central axis, and the cavity solid mold is provided with positioning pins and clamping holes, so as to assemble and connect the multiple pieces of cavity solid mold.
The third concrete implementation mode:
in the following, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 6, and when the wax pattern is manufactured in the second step, a small amount of silicone oil is coated on the inner surface of the solid mold of the cavity to ensure the integrity of the wax pattern obtained when the mold is opened. Avoid the wax matrix to adhere to cavity entity mould.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 6, in which the acoustic panel casting mold is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The fifth concrete implementation mode:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 6, wherein the inner dimension of the frame of the acoustic board casting mold is in interference fit with the boss of the lower base plate 4 and in clearance fit with the boss of the upper base plate 1. So that the upper bottom plate 1 is convenient to be detached and then the liquid viscoelastic damping material is poured into the cavity 3.
The sixth specific implementation mode:
the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6, in which a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower plate of the acoustic board casting mold, and the through holes are arranged in an array or in a staggered manner. A plurality of cavity entity wax moulds can be installed like this, and then open a plurality of sound absorption cavities on the acoustic baffle.
The seventh embodiment:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 6, wherein the viscoelastic damping material is one of polyurea, polyurethane, polyurea composite material and polyurethane composite material.
The specific implementation mode is eight:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, wherein the pressure applied during the casting process in the fourth step is 1 to 20 MPa.
The specific implementation method nine:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, wherein the temperature used for the investment is 50 to 100 ℃.
The detailed implementation mode is ten:
in the following description of the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 6, the internal shape of the cavity solid mold is a double trumpet shape or a vase shape. The sound absorption cavity in the shape of a double horn or a vase can effectively absorb sound underwater.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions which are within the spirit and scope of the present invention and which may be made by those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010932127.2A CN112123662B (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Method for preparing underwater acoustic board with cavity with complex structure |
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| CN202010932127.2A CN112123662B (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Method for preparing underwater acoustic board with cavity with complex structure |
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| CN112123662B true CN112123662B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| US4556528A (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1985-12-03 | The Garrett Corporation | Mold and method for casting of fragile and complex shapes |
| EP1005841A1 (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 2000-06-07 | Tec Ventures, Inc. | Method for molding dental restorations and related apparatus |
| DE19936517C1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-01-25 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Production of a workpiece from a thermally sensitive ceramic slip involves forming a model of the workpiece from a material soluble in a solvent, surrounding with wax; dissolving in a solvent, melting the wax, and drying and sintering |
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