CN102240205A - Polarized skin lens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polarized dermatoscope, which can directly observe the deep microstructure of skin pigment damage parts without infiltration solution. The polarized dermatoscope provided by the present invention comprises a lens base, a lens group arranged inside the lens base and an annular light source surrounding the periphery of the lens base, the lens group includes at least 2 lenses, and the polarized dermatoscope It also includes: a first polarizer arranged inside the lens base, the first polarizer is arranged between the lenses of the lens group; and an annular second polarizer arranged on the outer periphery of the lens base , the second polarizer is disposed between the ring light source and the skin sample to be tested; the second polarizer is perpendicular to the first polarizer in the polarization direction. The invention does not need wetting liquid, and has the characteristics of small size, convenience, simplicity and easy operation.

Description

polarized dermoscopy

technical field

The invention relates to a dermatoscope, in particular to a polarized dermatoscope.

Background technique

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It is mainly responsible for the isolation and communication between the inside and outside of the human body, and has the functions of protecting the internal environment, sweating and feeling external stimuli. Skin diseases can bring itching, pain and various cosmetic problems to patients, seriously affecting the physical and mental health of patients, and even affecting the lives of patients. In recent years, the incidence of skin cancer has shown a gradual upward trend. Therefore, the development of tools for assisting the diagnosis of skin pigmented lesions is very necessary.

At present, the diagnosis of skin diseases mainly depends on clinical manifestations and histopathological examination. Skin histopathological examination is the basis for deeply exploring the occurrence and development of skin diseases and guiding the treatment of skin diseases, but histopathological biopsy is generally traumatic, and the preparation of pathological sections is time-consuming and laborious; in the absence of a definite diagnosis of benign or malignant tumors In the past, surgical biopsy or direct surgical treatment was performed blindly. It was difficult to determine the scope of surgery, which would cause a lot of unnecessary skin trauma. What is more serious is that malignant melanoma is prone to lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis or recurrence due to the small surgical scope Such risks will undoubtedly affect the prognosis and increase the mortality rate. In the clinical diagnosis and treatment of dermatology, it is often necessary to observe suspicious skin lesions and their evolution, and provide evaluation indicators for their intervention methods and curative effects.

Dermoscopy is a non-invasive auxiliary diagnostic instrument for observing the fine structure below the skin surface in vivo, mainly for pigmented skin diseases. Through the use of oil immersion, light and optical magnification equipment, it can observe the skin structure invisible to the naked eye, including the lower part of the epidermis, the junction of the epidermis and the papillary dermis, so as to determine the skin injury site that needs to be biopsied and ensure the accuracy of resection , its important auxiliary value for the early diagnosis of malignant melanoma has been confirmed by a large number of studies. As a screening and diagnostic tool for many clinical diseases, dermoscopy has the advantages of non-invasive, rapid diagnosis, and low price, and has a good development prospect.

The dermatoscope mainly includes an illumination part, an optical path system and a mechanical part, among which the illumination part is also the light source. The traditional dermoscopy method adopts the infiltration method: first, oil, gel and other infiltration fluids are added to the skin surface to increase the light transmittance of the stratum corneum and reduce reflected light, then flatten it with a glass slide, and then irradiate it with light at an appropriate angle , with the help of specific optical magnification equipment, the junction of the epidermis and the pigment structure of the dermis can be observed. The immersion fluid used can be water, mineral oil, alcohol, gel, etc. During observation, the lens directly contacts the skin, and requires infiltration fluid, artificially squeezed on the skin, and is not suitable for head and face, especially in mucous membranes such as the mouth, eyes and nose, and image observation of sensitive skin. Moreover, when the traditional infiltration method is used for observation, the lens directly contacts the skin to cause extrusion deformation, and the required infiltration solution as the infiltration solution will cause contact dermatitis, and there are potential risks such as iatrogenic cross-infection. Therefore, so far, there is still a blank in the domestic field of dermoscopic products that are practical, convenient, and do not require an infiltration solution.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a cross-polarized dermatoscope that can eliminate the influence of reflected light on the skin surface without smearing the infiltration solution, and can directly observe the deep microstructure of skin pigment damage parts.

The polarized dermatoscope provided by the present invention comprises a lens base, a lens group arranged inside the lens base and an annular light source surrounding the periphery of the lens base, the lens group includes at least 2 lenses, and the polarized dermatoscope It also includes: a first polarizer arranged inside the lens base, the first polarizer is arranged between the lenses of the lens group; and an annular second polarizer arranged on the outer periphery of the lens base , the second polarizer is disposed between the ring light source and the skin sample to be tested; the second polarizer is perpendicular to the first polarizer in the polarization direction.

Further, the above-mentioned lens group may be composed of two doublet lenses.

The above ring light source may specifically be a ring LED array.

The object of the present invention is also to provide another polarizing dermatoscope.

Another polarized dermatoscope provided by the present invention comprises a lens base, a lens group arranged inside the lens base and a light source surrounding the periphery of the lens base, the lens group includes at least 2 lenses, and the polarized The dermatoscope also includes: a first polarizer disposed inside the lens base, the first polarizer disposed between the lens group and the skin sample to be tested; and a second polarizer disposed on the periphery of the lens base The second polarizer is arranged between the light source and the skin sample to be tested; the second polarizer is perpendicular to the first polarizer in the polarization direction.

Further, the above-mentioned lens group is composed of two doublet lenses.

The above ring light source may specifically be a ring LED array.

The biggest invention of the polarized dermatoscope of the present invention lies in the optical path system. The optical system is composed of a magnifying lens group and a polarizer. The lens can be retracted, and the magnification design can be adjusted; between the skins. In addition to the optical path system, the polarized dermatoscope of the present invention also includes an illumination part and a mechanical part, wherein the illuminating part uses a ring-shaped LED as a light source and is powered by a battery; the mechanical part includes a main mirror body, a lens assembly and a rear cover.

The cross-polarization dermatoscope of the present invention adopts the principle of cross-polarization, so that the influence of reflected light on the skin surface can be eliminated without applying infiltration solution, and the deep microstructure of skin pigment damage can be directly observed. It is not only low in cost, but also easy to use. It can also realize early imaging diagnosis of various skin diseases and improve the sensitivity and specificity of skin disease diagnosis. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

1. Small size and light weight. Due to the highly integrated system design, the optical path and the circuit system are integrated into one, small, flexible, and easy to carry.

2. No infiltration solution is required, the imaging effect is good, it is convenient to use, and the side effects caused by the infiltration solution are avoided.

3. It can be connected to a digital camera, and the imaging results can be photographed and archived in time for future diagnosis and treatment. There is a lens protection cover. When not in use, the lens protection cover can be screwed on, which can not only protect the threaded interface from being worn out, but also prevent dust from entering the lens barrel and contaminating the lens when placed.

4. Low power consumption. The LED lamp used has the advantages of small size, strong brightness, low power consumption, long life, and almost no temperature rise, which makes the dermatoscope of the present invention reliable, energy-saving, and long-lasting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hand-held cross-polarized dermatoscope according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of main components of the optical path system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the circuit system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an overall assembly diagram of the hand-held cross-polarized dermatoscope according to Example 1 of the present invention, a is a front view, and b is a back view.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the polarizing dermatoscope of the present invention includes a box body composed of a main mirror body 8 and a rear cover 9 . The main mirror body 8 is provided with a protective cover 7 connected by threads, and the protective cover 7 can also be replaced with an adapter ring to be connected with an ordinary commercial digital camera, and the imaging result can be photographed and archived in time.

An optical system and a circuit system are arranged in the box body. Specifically, a lens base 6 is arranged in the box body corresponding to the protective cover 7. The lens base 6 is cylindrical, and grooves are arranged on the outer periphery to fix the main mirror body. Thread fit. When the knob 1 is turned, the lens base 6 can move up and down, thereby changing the distance between the light source and the lens and the skin, and obtaining different imaging effects. An optical system is arranged inside the lens base 6 , and an electrical circuit system is arranged outside the lens base 6 .

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, there is a cylindrical structure 10 fixed on the main mirror body 8 inside the lens base 6, and this cylindrical structure 10 can be used for installing optical system components (enlarging lens group 2 and first polarizer) 3). Wherein the magnifying lens group is a lens group composed of two doublet lenses (f=50mm). The first polarizer 3 is arranged between the two doublet lenses 2 , and a gasket may be provided between the first polarizer 3 and the doublet lenses 2 . The outer periphery of the lens base 6 is provided with an annular LED array 4 in the circuit system, that is, the annular LED array 4 surrounds the lens base 6 . The optical system component also includes an annular second polarizer 5 . The second polarizer 5 also surrounds the lens base 6, and the second polarizer 5 is arranged in front of the LED array 4, that is, the second polarizer 5 is arranged between the LED array 4 and the skin sample to be tested. The second polarizer 5 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarizer 3 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the circuit system provided on the periphery of the lens base 6 includes the above-mentioned LED array 4 . The LED array 4 is 8 LEDs connected in parallel in the circuit, and its cathode and anode poles are respectively drawn out through wires. Three 1.5-volt batteries are used for power supply, and resistors are added to divide the voltage. Use ordinary toggle switches to control the on and off of the circuit. The wires, batteries and resistors in the circuit system are arranged in the above-mentioned box body, and the toggle switch is arranged on the main mirror body.

The light working process of the dermatoscope is as follows: after the toggle switch is turned on, the LED emits incident light, which is polarized after entering the second polarizer 5, irradiates on the skin sample to be tested, and part of the light is directly reflected from the skin sample to be tested , and the other part enters the subcutaneous tissue. The light directly reflected from the skin sample to be measured keeps the original polarization direction, and the directly reflected light can be filtered by using the first polarizer 3 perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarizer 5; Scattering occurs in the tissue under the skin, and the polarization direction is changed. When the scattered light enters the optical system components, it will not be filtered by the first polarizer 3, so that the tissue structure under the skin can be observed. The doublet lens group in the optical path plays a role of magnification, making the imaging clearer.

The schematic diagram of the assembled polarized dermatoscope of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 . The polarized dermatoscope of the present invention is small in size and light in weight. Due to the highly integrated system design, the optical path and the circuit system are integrated into one, small, flexible, and easy to carry.

Of course, in another embodiment, the first polarizer in the polarizing dermatoscope of the present invention can also be arranged under the entire magnifying lens group, that is, between the lens group and the skin sample to be tested. Further speaking, it only needs to arrange the first polarizer in the whole optical path system.

The above-mentioned implementation mode is one of the implementation cases of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (6)

1. polarization skin mirror comprises the camera lens base, is arranged on the battery of lens of described camera lens base inside and is centered around the annular light source of described camera lens base periphery, and described battery of lens comprises at least 2 lens, it is characterized in that: described polarization skin mirror also comprises:

Be arranged on first polaroid of described camera lens base inside, described first polaroid is arranged between the lens and lens of described battery of lens;

With annular second polaroid that is arranged on described camera lens base periphery, described second polaroid is arranged between described annular light source and the skin samples to be measured;

Described second polaroid is vertical on the polarization direction with described first polaroid.

2. polarization skin mirror as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described battery of lens is made up of 2 cemented doublets.

3. polarization skin mirror as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described annular light source is the annular LED array.

4. polarization skin mirror comprises the camera lens base, is arranged on the battery of lens of described camera lens base inside and is centered around the light source of described camera lens base periphery, and described battery of lens comprises at least 2 lens, it is characterized in that: described polarization skin mirror also comprises:

Be arranged on first polaroid of described camera lens base inside, described first polaroid is arranged between described battery of lens and the skin samples to be measured;

With second polaroid that is arranged on described camera lens base periphery, described second polaroid is arranged between described light source and the skin samples to be measured;

Described second polaroid is vertical on the polarization direction with described first polaroid.

5. polarization skin mirror as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described battery of lens is made up of 2 cemented doublets.

6. as claim 4 or 5 described polarization skin mirrors, it is characterized in that: described annular light source is the annular LED array.

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