CN102210675A - 吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用 - Google Patents
吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用,所述的吲哚-2,3-二酮为天然产物或人工合成产品,其毒性低,副作用小,具有良好的改善生精障碍、促进生育的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吲哚-2,3-二酮(indole-2,3-dione)在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用。
背景技术
近年来环境污染、药物影响及各种电磁波及辐射的影响,男性精子质量和数量下降已成为男性科常见疾病。据统计,不孕不育男性中有40%属于精子质量异常,人类精子数量平均以2%速度下降。睾丸生精功能障碍主要表现为少精症、无精症和精子活力差。对生精障碍所致男性不育症治疗主要有药物治疗,手术治疗和人工辅助生殖技术。其中手术治疗主要针对生殖道梗阻的患者,西医对于生精障碍的治疗虽然理论上充足,但实施起来格外艰难;而人工辅助生殖技术费用昂贵,风险极高,大部分患者花了很多钱,不但没效果,反而治出毛病,因此并非所有患者都能接受。药物治疗主要应用性激素与促性腺激素,这些药物生精作用主要是通过调节下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的功能,调整和刺激人体的生精过程,其疗效并不确切,而且对人的损害很大,容易引起外源性激素依赖症。因此,目前亟需开发一种针对性强、毒副反应小的改善生精障碍药物。
吲哚-2,3-二酮是来自于龙虾并维持其生存所必需的一种天然海洋活性物质,是成分单一的橙红色有机天然物质,单体已可合成,化学结构明确,其分子式C8H5NO2分子量147.13,结构式为:
吲哚-2,3-二酮
吲哚-2,3-二酮已被证明是一种人体内源性物质,存在于正常人尿液中(Glover V,Halket J M,Watking Pjet al.J Neurochem 5 J 1988,656),从龙虾到人类漫长的生物进化过程,吲哚-2,3-二酮在机体内存在显然具有潜在的生物学价值。我们进行十多年潜心研究,发现其具有抗病毒、抗心血管疾病、抗炎及抗真菌作用,并获4项发明专利(吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备抗病毒或免疫增强剂药物中的应用ZL200510105691.2;吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备心脑血管疾病药物中的应用ZL200510045475.3;吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备抗炎药物中的应用ZL200810055735.9;吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备抗人体真菌药物中的应用ZL 200810055736.6)。
另有研究表明吲哚-2,3-二酮主要在大鼠的脑和组织中分布,在附睾中浓度高于其他组织近百倍(VivetteGlover,S K Bhattacharya,M Sandler Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 1991,Vol.29,1-5),根据遗传进化目的论,我们推测吲哚-2,3-二酮对精子是有保护作用的,且前期各项专利所述的抗炎、抗病毒及抗菌作用也有助于其保护精子的作用。破解吲哚-2,3-二酮对精子的作用,将对男性生殖保护产生深远意义。本发明人长期潜心研究和大量实验表明,吲哚-2,3-二酮具有良好的改善生精障碍作用,其毒性低,副作用小,在 制备改善生精障碍药物方面有良好的应用前景,具有巨大的新药开发价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用。
本发明的吲哚-2,3-二酮为天然产物或人工合成产品。其纯化方法包括:用超纯水和无水乙醇按1∶1-8比例混合,加入人工合成或天然的吲哚-2,3-二酮,在磁性搅拌器中缓慢加热至溶解,然后逐渐冷却呈橘红色结晶,加热温度为50-80℃,滤去上清液,按上述方法重复纯化1-3次,其结晶纯度达99%;将经纯化的吲哚-2,3-二酮研磨成粉末过80目筛,与药用淀粉按1∶1-10重量比例混匀制成50或100mg规格的胶囊。或将经纯化的吲哚-2,3-二酮研磨成粉末过80目筛,按湿法制粒工艺制成50或100mg规格的片剂。
服用方法:用于改善生精障碍,可用胶囊或片剂,每人每日200mg,可分2次饭后服用。
吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中应用的有益效果如下:
证明了吲哚-2,3-二酮具有改善生精障碍作用。已完成临床前在小鼠醋酸棉酚抗生育模型中的药效学研究。采用了经典的醋酸棉酚所致的小鼠生精障碍模型,观察不同剂量的吲哚-2,3-二酮在一定时间内对小鼠生精及生育损伤的改善作用。研究表明:
1、吲哚-2,3-二酮对醋酸棉酚所致的抗生育模型小鼠的精子活动率与精子数均增加。
2、吲哚-2,3-二酮对醋酸棉酚所致的抗生育模型小鼠的怀孕率及平均胎数均增加。
3、吲哚-2,3-二酮小鼠急性毒性LD50=1091±359mg·kg-1,在Wistar大鼠6个月长期毒性试验证明,吲哚-2,3-二酮对进食情况及行为活动等无影响,血液生化等指标未见异常,在22种脏器和组织的病理组织学观察也未见异常,说明吲哚-2,3-二酮毒性低。
附图说明
图1是各实验组小鼠睾丸组织切片。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例和试验例进一步阐述本发明吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中应用的有益效果。
实施例1:片剂的制备
将超纯水与无水乙醇按1∶5的比例混合,加入吲哚-2,3-二酮,在磁性搅拌器作用下,在60℃下加热溶解,室温下重结晶得针形橘红色结晶,按上述操作重结晶3次。结晶粉碎过80目筛,称取吲哚-2,3-二酮100mg、乳糖100mg、淀粉295mg混合均匀,用湿法制粒,干燥,整粒后与5mg硬脂酸镁混合,压片,制成每片重量为500mg的片剂。
实施例2:胶囊的制备
将超纯水与无水乙醇按1∶5的比例混合,加入吲哚-2,3-二酮,在磁性搅拌器作用下,在60℃下加热溶解,室温下重结晶得针形橘红色结晶,按上述操作重结晶3次。结晶粉碎过80目筛,称取吲哚-2,3-二酮100mg、乳糖100mg、淀粉295mg混合均匀,填充胶囊,制成每个纯重为500mg的胶囊剂。
试验例1:吲哚-2,3-二酮改善生精障碍药效学研究
实验材料
1、吲哚-2,3-二酮:由青岛医学院药理组提供。醋酸棉酚,北京中棉紫光生物技术有限责任公司.批号061116;
2、昆明(KM)种小鼠:雌雄各半,6周,18-22g,由山东省青岛市药检所实验动物中心提供。
实验方法
1、吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠精子及睾丸发育影响实验:动物分组饲养健康雄性小鼠48只,体重为18~25g,随机分为①空白组,即生理盐水组;②模型组即醋酸棉酚组;③醋酸棉酚与吲哚-2,3-二酮低、中、高剂量灌胃组。给予受试物前隔夜禁食16h,不禁水。除空白组外醋酸棉酚(20mg·kg-1)灌胃,连续处理30d。吲哚-2,3-二酮相应剂量灌胃连续38天,将小鼠颈椎脱臼法处死,摘取双侧附睾置于盛有1ml磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水中剪碎,再加1ml稀释,轻轻吹打后,静止3~5min后吸取精子悬液。显微镜下观察精子活动率。再在小烧杯中加入0.5mL甲醛混匀,用微量吸液器吸取10μL精子稀释液滴人血球计数板上,计数5个中方格中的精子数,再乘以109,即为每升精液中的精子数(个/L)。
取小鼠睾丸,剥离其附睾和表面脂肪,分别迅速放入装有Bouin液的广口瓶中固定24小时,切片、脱水、浸蜡、包埋、染色、用显微镜观察小鼠睾丸的精原细胞,初级精母细胞,精子细胞的数目并通过实验组与对照组的对比来判断实验结果。
2、吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠生育影响:于灌胃第31天,在夜间安静环境中,按雌∶雄=1∶1同笼,连续8天,即2个性周期,在雌性动物同笼后的15~21天全部处死,记录怀孕鼠数及孕鼠平均胎。
实验结果
1、吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠精子影响
与空白组比较,模型组精子精子密度和活动率均降低,表明醋酸棉酚对雄性小鼠的精子数量和活动率有影响(P<0.05);与模型组比较,吲哚-2,3-二酮低、中、高剂量组精子密度和活动率增高(P<0.05),表明吲哚-2,3-二酮能够减轻醋酸棉酚导致的雄性小鼠精子数量和活动率下降的情况,并有量效关系。
表1吲哚-2,3-二酮抗生育模型小鼠精子影响( n=8)
注:与空白组比较,aP<0.01;与模型组比较,bP<0.01
2、吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠睾丸发育影响
与空白组比较,模型组精原细胞、初级精母细胞及精子细胞数目明显减少,表明醋酸棉酚对雄性小鼠睾丸发育有影响(P<0.01);与模型组比较,吲哚-2,3-二酮低、中、高剂量组精原细胞、初级精母细胞及精子细胞数目均增多,表明吲哚-2,3-二酮能够减轻醋酸棉酚导致的雄性小鼠精原细胞、初级精母细胞及精子细胞数目下降的情况。
注:与空白组比较,aP<0.01;与模型组比较,bP<0.01,cP<0.05
3、吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠生育影响
与空白组比较,模型组的雌鼠数及孕鼠平均胎显著降低,表明醋酸棉酚有抗生育作用。与模型组比较,吲哚-2,3-二酮低、中和高剂量组怀孕鼠数和孕鼠平均胎数都升高,表明吲哚-2,3-二酮能减轻醋酸棉酚抗生育作用,并有量效关系。
表3吲哚-2,3-二酮对抗生育模型雄性小鼠生育的影响
注:与空白组比较,aP<0.01;与模型组比较,bP<0.01
试验例2:吲哚-2,3-二酮急性慢性毒性试验
实验材料
1、动物
昆明(KM)种小鼠:雌雄各半,6周,18-22g,由山东省青岛市药检所实验动物中心提供。
2、药品与试剂
吲哚-2,3-二酮、西黄耆胶
实验方法
1、动物分组
昆明种小鼠50只,大鼠160只,雌雄兼有,体重18-20g,180-220g随机分为5组,每组10只;实验前禁食12h,自由饮水;控制室温在20±2℃。
2、药品的配备
西黄耆胶用生理盐水配制成1.25%的溶液,吲哚-2,3-二酮用西黄耆胶配成所需浓度的悬浊液。
3、给药方法
一次性ig,剂量分别为3,2,1.5,1,0.7g·kg-1,,组间比为0.7,ig容积0.6ml/只。实验于上午进行。
4、半数致死量(LD50)测定
观察给药后24h各组动物的死亡和存活情况,计算死亡率,采用孙氏改良法计算LD50。
实验结果
1、吲哚-2,3-二酮的急性慢性毒性试验动物的一般表现
中毒动物表现为少动、萎靡不振、行走不稳等。存活动物观察7d,生长良好,体重增加,尸检,心肝肾脑等组织肉眼观察未发现异常变化。
2、半数致死量(LD50)测定
为用药后24h的死亡率,采用孙氏改良法计算LD50=1091±359mg·kg-1(95%可信区间为751~1374mg·kg-1)。
为确保长期用药安全性,按照国家食品药品监督管理局、国家I类新药慢性毒性试验标准,对吲哚-2,3-二酮进行安全性综合评价。吲哚-2,3-二酮按临床用量的1.17、58.5、117倍的不同剂量给大鼠连续灌胃3个月、6个月及第7个月恢复期对大鼠的体重增长、进食情况以及行为活动等无显著影响,对大鼠的血液学、血液生化学及心电图等各项指标亦无明显的不利影响。22种脏器与组织的病理组织学观察与空白对照组比较均未见异常。
结果表明,吲哚-2,3-二酮长期大剂量口服用药,对动物无明显损害,未发现因蓄积而对机体产生的毒性反应,是一种安全可靠的药物。
Claims (7)
1.吲哚-2,3-二酮在制备改善生精障碍药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述的吲哚-2,3-二酮为天然产物或人工合成产品。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述的吲哚-2,3-二酮通过下述方法纯化:用超纯水和无水乙醇按1∶1-8比例混合,加入吲哚-2,3-二酮,在磁力搅拌器中缓慢加热至溶解,然后逐渐冷却呈针形橘红色结晶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于所述加热温度为50-80℃。
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于将所得到的针形橘红色结晶再按同样方法重复纯化1-3次,以减少重金属离子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于将所述的吲哚-2,3-二酮研磨成粉末过80目筛,与药用淀粉按1∶1-10重量比例混匀制成50或100mg规格的胶囊。
7.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于将所述的吲哚-2,3-二酮研磨成粉末过80目筛,按湿法制粒工艺制成50或100mg规格的片剂。
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