CN102210278A

CN102210278A - Method for domesticating and breeding wild hippocampus

Info

Publication number: CN102210278A
Application number: CN2011101634710A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林强; 黄良民; 秦耿
Original assignee: South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Current assignee: South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Priority date: 2011-06-17
Filing date: 2011-06-17
Publication date: 2011-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-17
Also published as: CN102210278B

Abstract

本发明公开了一种野生海马的驯化养殖方法。本发明主要是针对目前存在的野生海马亲本死亡率高的问题，对野生种源海马进行高效的驯化管理，可以显著降低野生海马亲本的死亡率，还可以提高海马交配的成功率，以及后代幼体海马的成活率。为海马的商业化养殖提供了高效便捷的方法，具有重要的经济价值。The invention discloses a method for domesticating and cultivating wild seahorses. The present invention is mainly aimed at the problem of high parental mortality of wild seahorses currently existing, and the efficient domestication management of wild provenance hippocampus can significantly reduce the mortality rate of wild hippocampus parents, and can also improve the success rate of hippocampus mating, and the offspring larvae Survival of hippocampus. It provides an efficient and convenient method for the commercial cultivation of seahorses, and has important economic value.

Description

The domesticating and cultivating method of a kind of wild hippocampus

Technical field

The present invention relates to hippocampus cultural technique field, be specifically related to the domesticating and cultivating method of a kind of wild hippocampus.

Background technology

It is present international mariculture focus that hippocampus is cultured, and its hippocampus is cultured the initial stage provenance and is mainly the wild hippocampus of fishing for.Wild hippocampus is as the parent, subject matter is because the former thereby mortalities such as change, epizoon and enteron aisle germ of habitat, if investigation result shows that wild hippocampus is without reasonable domestication, its lethality is up to 85% in breeding process, its wild hippocampus be paired into power and mating frequency is very low, simultaneously because between wild hippocampus parent phase mutual interference and appreciable impact pregnancy cycle, thereby influenced offspring young hippocampus survival rate.Yet, up to the present, the special report of also not studying in the international coverage about wild hippocampus domesticating and cultivating.

Commercialization as hippocampus is cultured, and the domesticating and cultivating of wild hippocampus is a necessary precondition.In order to fill up the blank of wild hippocampus domestication research in the international coverage, this new application technology is based on to hippocampus fundamental biological knowledge and pathological research, wild hippocampus is carried out necessary bait management, Disease Processing and breeding facility transformation, the aquaculture model of the efficient domestication of the wild hippocampus of one cover is provided, has significantly improved the hippocampus commercialization and cultured efficient.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to according to above shortcomings in the prior art, provide a kind of and can significantly reduce wild hippocampus parent's lethality, can also improve the success rate of hippocampus mating, and the wild hippocampus domesticating and cultivating of the survival rate method of offspring young hippocampus.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:

The domesticating and cultivating method of a kind of wild hippocampus comprises the steps:

(1) prepares wild hippocampus domesticating and cultivating pond;

(2) choose the unmarred wild hippocampus of health.It is carried out preliminary treatment;

(3) wild hippocampus is put into the domesticating and cultivating pond, the control intensity of illumination is below 1500 Lux, and light dark period is 16:8, cultures 13 days, treats ingest after stablizing 3 ~ 6 days of wild hippocampus, promptly finishes domesticating and cultivating.

As a kind of preferred version, in the above-mentioned domesticating and cultivating method, can in the domesticating and cultivating pond, add the EM bacterium, to keep the water quality in the pond good, also can above the pond, add a sun-proof net.

As a kind of preferred version, in the above-mentioned domesticating and cultivating method, in the step (1), the depth of water is 80 ~ 100cm in the described domesticating and cultivating pond, and temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃, and salinity is 33 ± 2.0 ‰, and dissolved oxygen is 6.5 ± 0.5 mg/L.In addition, further, also can in the domesticating and cultivating pond, add the hippocampus attachment of respective numbers according to the quantity of hippocampus in the domesticating and cultivating pond.

As a kind of preferred version, in the above-mentioned domesticating and cultivating method, preprocess method described in the step (2) be with wild hippocampus at the following dipping bath 12 ~ 16h of nitrofurazone (3-5ppm), during fiercely inflation, do not throw something and feed.

As a kind of preferred version, in the above-mentioned domesticating and cultivating method, in the domesticating and cultivating process of wild hippocampus, the adult fairy shrimp of throwing something and feeding 2 times the 1st ~ 2 day every day is inflated in the pond in a large number, does not change water described in the step (3), and intensity of illumination is 300 ~ 700 Lux; Throw something and feed the 3rd ~ 7 day every day 3 a small amount of adult fairy shrimps and the freezing oppossum shrimp of capacity were thrown in the EM bacterium once every 2 days, and intensity of illumination is 1000 ~ 1500 Lux; The freezing oppossum shrimp of throwing something and feeding 3 times the 8th ~ 13 day every day is used cycle water in the pond, replacing every day amount is 1/3 of a pond water body, and intensity of illumination is more than 3000 Lux.When throwing something and feeding oppossum shrimp, because oppossum shrimp can produce many rubbish, so siphon is handled behind the 3h that throws something and feeds, to keep pool inner water matter clean.

Further, in the above-mentioned cultural method, described fairy shrimp was strengthened with high unsaturated fatty acid.

During the whole domesticating and cultivating, need to keep culturing the quiet of pond on every side, do not have too many external interference.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:

The present invention carries out domesticating and cultivating by above-mentioned domesticating and cultivating method to wild hippocampus, wild provenance hippocampus is tamed management efficiently, wild hippocampus parent's lethality can be significantly reduced, the success rate of hippocampus mating can also be improved, and the survival rate of offspring young hippocampus.Culturing for the commercialization of hippocampus provides the high efficient and convenient method, has important economic value.

Embodiment

Further explain the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of qualification to the present invention.

Embodiment

2009, annual 4-5 month in 2010 and 2011, wild big hippocampus, hippocampus trimaculatus Leacs, HIPPOCAMPUS and strain line hippocampus are successfully tamed.

In April, 2009, collect wild HIPPOCAMPUS 100 tails in the North Sea, Guangxi, hippocampus is divided into 5 storage pond, holding ponds tames (each pond 20 tail), the result shows that generating motility rate at 2 months infields is 93 tails, has 88 tails to realize normal mating (being 95%).

In May, 2010, collect big hippocampus 100 tails and strain line hippocampus 60 tails from Hainan, carry out domesticating and cultivating respectively, result big hippocampus in 2 months survives 91 tails, the participation mating of 82 tails is arranged and produce offspring's (the mating success rate is 90%); The strain line hippocampus survives 54 tails (survival rate is 90%), has 52 tails to participate in mating in 2 months.

Instantiation

In April, 2011, collect wild hippocampus trimaculatus Leacs 120 tails from Hainan, in the nitrofurazone water body of 5ppm, soak 12h, hippocampus is equally divided into 6 ponds (70 * 80 * 90 cm) to be cultured, wherein 3 ponds are the domestication experimental group, 3 ponds are control group (guaranteeing under the prerequisites such as water body quality and inflation, without domestication processing stage by stage).Temperature is 25 ℃ in each group, and salinity is 34 ‰, and dissolved oxygen is 6.7 mg/L.The adult fairy shrimp of throwing something and feeding 2 times the 1st ~ 2 day every day, water is not changed in a large amount of inflations in the pond, and intensity of illumination is 500 Lux; Throw something and feed the 3rd ~ 7 day every day 3 a small amount of adult fairy shrimps and the freezing oppossum shrimp of capacity were thrown in the EM bacterium once every 2 days, and intensity of illumination is 1500 Lux; The freezing oppossum shrimp of throwing something and feeding 3 times the 8th ~ 13 day every day is used cycle water in the pond, replacing every day amount is 1/3 of a pond water body, and intensity of illumination is more than 3000 Lux.The result shows: through above-mentioned 13 days wild hippocampus domestication process, the average survival of 3 domestication experimental group is 92.4 ± 3.7% in 2 months later stages, be significantly higher than control group (average survival is 53.2 ± 6.5%, mainly dies from germ [21.4 ± 2.1%] and bait conversion process [11.6 ± 3.3%]); In the domestication group, 91 ± 4.2% hippocampus trimaculatus Leacs has participated in mating, and control group only has 71 ± 8.6% hippocampus to participate in mating; Simultaneously, wild hippocampus is organized in domestication, and to produce young par be 673 ± 103 tails/nest, and control group is 602 ± 87 tails/nest.Data show: experimental group hippocampus (domestication group) is significantly higher than control group (not domestication group) on survival rate and reproductive efficiency.

To sum up, the effect of the technology of the present invention is very obvious, has improved survival rate and the reproductive efficiency of wild hippocampus greatly, and simultaneously, this technology is easy to operate, and controllability is strong, can significantly improve large-scale commercialization hippocampus and culture efficient.

Claims

1. a domestication breeding method of wild seahorses, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

(1) Prepare wild seahorse domestication breeding ponds;

(2) Select wild hippocampus with undamaged body.

2. Preprocess it;

(3) Put the wild hippocampus into the domestication breeding pond, control the light intensity below 1500 Lux, the light-dark cycle is 16:8, and breed for 13 days. The domestication and breeding will be completed 3 to 6 days after the wild hippocampus feeds stably.

3. The domestication and cultivation method of wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the water depth in the domestication cultivation pond is 80 to 100 cm, the temperature is 25 ± 2 °C, and the salinity is 33 ± 2.0 ‰, dissolved oxygen is 6.5±0.5 mg/L.

4. The domestication and breeding method of wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), EM bacteria are added to the domestication breeding pond.

5. The domestication and breeding method of wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that a sunscreen net is added above the domestication breeding pond in step (1).

6 . The domestication and breeding method of wild seahorses according to claim 1 , characterized in that in step (1), flat algae or chlorella are added to the domestication breeding pond, and the biomass is within 10 mg/L.

7. The domestication and breeding method of wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), according to the number of seahorses, a corresponding number of seahorse attachments are added to the domestication breeding pond.

8. The domestication and breeding method of wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that the pretreatment method in step (2) is to soak the wild seahorses under nitrofurazone for 12-16 hours, during which the wild seahorses are vigorously inflated and not fed.

9. The method for domesticating and cultivating wild seahorses according to claim 1, characterized in that in the process of domesticating and cultivating wild seahorses described in step (3), adult Artemia worms are fed twice a day on the first to second days, and a large number of them are fed in the pond. Inflate, do not change the water, and the light intensity is 300-700 Lux; on the 3rd to 7th day, a small amount of adult artemia and a sufficient amount of frozen mysis are fed 3 times a day, and EM bacteria are fed once every 2 days, and the light intensity is 1000-1500 Lux. Lux: From the 8th to the 13th day, the frozen mysis was fed 3 times a day, and the circulating water was used in the pool, and the daily replacement volume was 1/3 of the pool water body, and the light intensity was above 3000 Lux.

10. The method for domesticating and cultivating wild seahorses according to claim 8, characterized in that said Artemia is fortified with high unsaturated fatty acids.

11. The method for domesticating and cultivating wild seahorses according to claim 8, characterized in that when the frozen mysis is fed, the siphon treatment is performed after 3 hours to maintain the water quality.