Background technology
Jellyfish, claim again jellyfish, is the enterozoa of Hai Sheng, and not only kind is many for they, and quantity is large, and it is wide to distribute, and is the important component part of marine zooplankton group.Jellyfish vegetal pole horn of plenty, its body contain the inorganic salt such as higher protein and calcium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, have the laudatory title of " aquatic products rarity ".Jellyfish is not only edible, but also is the good medicine of curing the disease simply.Described in Compendium of Material Medica: jellyfish has the functions such as clearing heat and detoxicating, resolving phlegm and softening hard masses, step-down detumescence, and is all effective in cure to diseases such as trachitis, asthma, hypertension, stomach ulcer.Therefore, jellyfish is as a kind of macro-organism of curing the food homology, and it has important economy and edibleness.
The method for preparing bioactive peptide mainly contains: directly extraction, external degradation and utilize recombinant DNA technology, enzyme process or chemical method composite reactive peptide.Extracorporeal hydrolysis protein preparation bioactive peptide has three operational paths: acid hydrolysis, basic hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis.The former two's method is simple, but has the deleterious effect of nutrition and toxicity aspect, and therefore the application in food-processing is greatly limited.The enzymatic hydrolysis of protein generally can not cause the loss of nutrition aspect, also can not produce the problem on toxicity; Enzyme effect simultaneously has specificity, can carry out under the condition of gentleness, and energy consumption is also low, so enzymatic hydrolysis often application in food-processing.
and with the technology of enzymatic hydrolysis jellyfish protein preparation jellyfish bioactive peptide, have been reported, for example: by the applicant application and on May 6th, 2009 disclosed CN101422195A Chinese invention patent application Publication Specification disclosed " a kind of jellyfish active peptide yoghourt and preparation method thereof ", in on May 6th, 2009 disclosed CN101422266A Chinese invention patent application Publication Specification disclosed " a kind of jelly-fish nutrient liquid and preparation method thereof ", in on March 17th, 2010 disclosed CN101669659A Chinese invention patent application Publication Specification disclosed " a kind of jellyfish water chestnut drink and preparation method thereof ", in on October 20th, 2010 disclosed CN101862375A Chinese invention patent application Publication Specification disclosed " a kind of compound jellyfish soluble granules for reducing blood pressure and preparation method thereof ", in above-mentioned open file to the jellyfish raw material through desalination, clean, broken, after thin up or adopt Sumizyme MP or adopt trypsinase to carry out enzymolysis and obtain jellyfish polypeptide liquid, then for the preparation of other functional products.In disclosed technology, what jellyfish was carried out that enzymolysis all adopts is single enzyme.And in proteolysis, the selection of enzyme is gordian technique, and the difference of enzyme used and separation purification method can obtain different products, and the activity of the peptide product of different enzymolysis process gained is different.At present, not yet see the report that adopts dual-enzyme hydrolysis method to prepare the jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides.
Summary of the invention
, in order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides the enzymatic-process preparation method of the jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides that a kind of production technique is advanced, quality product is controlled, protein digestion is complete, the jellyfish peptide of gained activity is high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of enzymatic-process preparation method of jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides is characterized in that: through the following step
(a) processing of raw material is chosen fresh jellyfish or alum jellyfish processed is raw material, and clear water soaks desalination to salinity<5%, adopts colloidal mill to carry out milled processed after cleaning, and gained jellyfish slurry particle fineness is controlled at 2~5um;
(b) protein content of the first step enzymolysis determination step (a) gained jellyfish slurry, the mass concentration that adds water adjustment protein is 1%~3%; Adjusting the pH value is 2~3.5, and controlling temperature is 35~40 ℃, adds stomach en-, and pepsic consumption is the stomach en-that every gram protein adds 2000~4000u, and insulation enzymolysis 4~6h, obtain jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid;
(c) the second step enzymolysis is 5~6 with the jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid adjustment pH value that step (b) obtains, controlling temperature is 50~55 ℃, add papoid, the papoid consumption is the papoid that every gram protein adds 2000~4000u, enzymolysis 1~3h, obtain the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish;
(d) enzyme-deactivating is heated to 90~100 ℃ with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish that step (c) obtains, and keeps 10~20 minutes, carries out enzyme-deactivating, the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of must going out;
(e) impurity elimination, desalination are removed impurity with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of going out that step (d) obtains through tubular membrane, then adopt the nanofiltration membrane desalination of 150~300 trapped molecular weights, and concentrate, obtain jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution, the soluble solid content of this jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is 15%~20%;
(f) the dry jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution that step (e) is obtained carries out spraying drying or lyophilize, obtains jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys.
The two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of described jellyfish after enzyme liquid is gone out go deimpurity tubular membrane, and its work aperture is 0.1~0.2 μ m, and working temperature is controlled at 30~40 ℃, advances film pressure and is controlled at 2.5~3bar, and the membrane pressure-controlling is at 0.8~1.0bar.
The described spraying drying that jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is carried out, its inlet temperature are controlled at 185 ℃~190 ℃, and air outlet temperature is controlled at 75~80 ℃, and spray pressure is 0.4MPa.
The described lyophilize that jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is carried out, its vacuum degree control are at 50~133Pa, and temperature of heating plate: 20 ℃ 250min/40 ℃ 400min/30 ℃ until the freeze-dried material constant weight;
Condenser temperature is controlled at-40 ℃~-50 ℃.
The present invention is take bright jellyfish or alum jellyfish processed as raw material, after desalination, grinding, obtain jellyfish proteolysis peptide liquid with stomach en-and papoid substep enzymolysis respectively, then separate and obtain jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides liquid by membrane filtration removal of impurities, nanofiltration membrane desalination, then through concentrated, spraying drying or lyophilize, obtain jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys.The jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides of the present invention's preparation has auxiliary blood pressure reduction effect preferably through oral experimental results show that of SHR rat (original hypertensive rat).The production technique of this jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides is advanced, and workable, quality product is controlled, and protein digestion is complete, and the jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys of gained is white in color or is faint yellow, and is active high, soluble in water, can be used for the fields such as food and health care.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
(a) to take the fresh jellyfish of 500kg be raw material in the processing of raw material, and clear water soaks desalination to salt and is divided into 3%, cleans up rear employing colloidal mill and carry out milled processed, and gained jellyfish slurry particle fineness is controlled at 3.5um;
(b) the first step enzymolysis determination step (a) gained jellyfish slurry moisture and protein content, according to measurement result, adding water, to adjust the mass concentration of protein be 2%; It is 3.26 that acid adding is adjusted the pH value, and controlling temperature is 37 ℃, adds stomach en-, and pepsic consumption is the stomach en-that every gram protein adds 3000u, and insulation enzymolysis 4h, obtain jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid;
(c) the pH value of second step enzymolysis jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid that step (b) is obtained is adjusted to 5.02 with alkaline solution, temperature rises to 50 ℃, add papoid, the papoid consumption is the papoid that every gram protein adds 4000u, enzymolysis 1h, obtain the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish;
(d) enzyme-deactivating is heated to 95 ℃ with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish that step (c) obtains, and keeps 15 minutes, carries out enzyme-deactivating, the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the jellyfish of the enzyme that must go out;
(e) impurity elimination, desalination are removed impurity with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of going out that step (d) obtains through tubular membrane, wherein tubular membrane work aperture is 0.15 μ m, working temperature is controlled at 35 ℃, advances film pressure and is controlled at 2.5bar, and the membrane pressure-controlling is at 0.9bar.Then adopt the nanofiltration membrane desalination of 250 trapped molecular weights, concentrate in the time of desalination, resulting concentrated solution can further adopt vacuum concentration, obtains jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution, and the soluble solid content of this jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is 20%;
(f) the dry jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution that step (e) is obtained adopts cryodesiccated mode to carry out drying, cryodesiccated working conditions is: vacuum degree control is at 100Pa, and temperature of heating plate: 20 ℃ 250min/40 ℃ 400min/30 ℃ until the freeze-dried material constant weight; Condenser temperature is controlled at-45 ℃.Obtain jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys 3.5kg, measure its IC according to external ACE inhibiting rate
50For 0.4mg/mL.
Embodiment 2
(a) to take the alum of getting 500kg jellyfish processed be raw material in the processing of raw material, and clear water immersion, rehydration, desalination are to salinity<5%, and flowing water cleans up rear employing colloidal mill and carries out milled processed, and gained jellyfish slurry particle fineness is controlled at 2um;
(b) the first step enzymolysis determination step (a) gained jellyfish slurry moisture and protein content, according to measurement result, adding water, to adjust the mass concentration of protein be 3%; It is 2 that acid adding is adjusted the pH value, and controlling temperature is 35 ℃, adds stomach en-, and pepsic consumption is the stomach en-that every gram protein adds 4000u, and insulation enzymolysis 5h, obtain jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid;
(c) pH of second step enzymolysis jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid that step (b) is obtained is adjusted to 6 with alkaline solution, controlling temperature is 55 ℃, adds papoid, and the papoid consumption is the papoid that every gram protein adds 3500u, enzymolysis 2h, obtain the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish;
(d) enzyme-deactivating is heated to 100 ℃ with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish that step (c) obtains, and keeps 10 minutes, carries out enzyme-deactivating, the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the jellyfish of the enzyme that must go out;
(e) impurity elimination, desalination are removed impurity with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of going out that step (d) obtains through tubular membrane, wherein the work aperture of tubular membrane is 0.2 μ m, working temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, advances film pressure and is controlled at 3bar, and the membrane pressure-controlling is at 1.0bar.Then adopt the nanofiltration membrane desalination of 300 trapped molecular weights, concentrate in the time of desalination, the concentrated solution that obtains further adopts the vacuum concentration mode to concentrate, and obtains jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution, and the soluble solid content of this jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is 15%;
(f) the dry jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution that step (e) is obtained carries out spraying drying, and during spraying drying, its inlet temperature is controlled at 190 ℃, and air outlet temperature is controlled at 75 ℃, spray pressure is 0.4MPa, obtain jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys 4.0kg, measure its IC according to external ACE inhibiting rate
50For 0.5mg/mL.
Embodiment 3
(a) to take 300kg alum jellyfish processed be raw material in the processing of raw material, and clear water immersion, rehydration, desalination, to salinity<4%, adopt colloidal mill to carry out milled processed after flowing water is cleaned, and gained jellyfish slurry particle fineness is controlled at 5um;
(b) moisture and the protein content of the first step enzymolysis determination step (a) gained jellyfish slurry, the mass concentration that adds water adjustment protein is 1%; It is 3 that acid adding is adjusted the pH value, and controlling temperature is 40 ℃, adds stomach en-, and pepsic consumption is the stomach en-that every gram protein adds 2000u, and insulation enzymolysis 6h, obtain jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid;
(c) the second step enzymolysis is adjusted pH value to 5.5 with the jellyfish pepsin hydrolysis liquid that step (b) obtains with alkaline solution, controlling temperature is 52 ℃, add papoid, the papoid consumption is the papoid that every gram protein adds 2000u, enzymolysis 3h, obtain the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish;
(d) enzyme-deactivating is heated to 90 ℃ with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of jellyfish that step (c) obtains, and keeps 20 minutes, carries out enzyme-deactivating, the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of must going out;
(e) impurity elimination, desalination are removed impurity with the two enzyme enzymolysis solutions of the enzyme jellyfish of going out that step (d) obtains through tubular membrane, the work aperture of its tubular membrane is 0.1 μ m, working temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, advances film pressure and is controlled at 2.8bar, and the membrane pressure-controlling is at 0.8bar.Then adopt the nanofiltration membrane desalination of 150 trapped molecular weights, concentrate in the time of desalination, the concentrated solution that obtains adopts the vacuum concentration mode further concentrated, obtains jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution, and the soluble solid content of this jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution is 18%;
(f) the dry jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides concentrated solution that step (e) is obtained carries out lyophilize, and cryodesiccated working conditions is: vacuum degree control is at 133Pa, and temperature of heating plate: 20 ℃ 250min/40 ℃ 400min/30 ℃ until the freeze-dried material constant weight; Condenser temperature is controlled at-50 ℃, obtains jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys 2.5kg, measures its IC according to external ACE inhibiting rate
50For 0.4mg/mL.
Adopt the SHR rat model to estimate prepared jellyfish step-down Gly-His-Lys, experimental result such as table 1.
Each administration group of table 1 on the impact of SHR caudal artery systolic pressure (
MmHg)
Annotate: compare * P<0.05, * * P<0.01 with the blank group
Compare with the blank group, jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides group rat oral gavage is all obviously reductions (P<0.05) of blood pressure level after 4 weeks, and the administration group has no significant effect rat body weight.The jellyfish Antihypertensive Peptides can obviously reduce the blood pressure of original hypertensive rat.