CN102093113A - Production method of readily available and controlled release composite fertilizer containing three nitrogen elements - Google Patents
Production method of readily available and controlled release composite fertilizer containing three nitrogen elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN102093113A CN102093113A CN2011100211386A CN201110021138A CN102093113A CN 102093113 A CN102093113 A CN 102093113A CN 2011100211386 A CN2011100211386 A CN 2011100211386A CN 201110021138 A CN201110021138 A CN 201110021138A CN 102093113 A CN102093113 A CN 102093113A
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- nitrogen
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-methoxy-2h-indazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC2=C(C(=O)OC)NN=C21 QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- NFJCQBGAUBIGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[N+]([O-])=O NFJCQBGAUBIGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 amido nitrogen Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphane Chemical compound N.P QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a readily available and controlled release composite fertilizer containing three nitrogen elements. The production method is as follows: raw materials containing nitric nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amido nitrogen are added in materials; in order to prevent that urea reacts with nitro phosphate fertilizer to generate too much urea nitrate and the production can not performed, ammonia gas is introduced in the granulation process according to different proportions to ammonify nitro phosphate fertilizer, reduce the generation of urea nitrate and increase the neutralization degree of monoammonium phosphate; and powdery fundamental fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium are added to granulate, and then the composite fertilizer can be obtained through drying, cooling, screening and coating. In the production method of the invention, a lot of heat generated in the thermolysis of the nitro phosphate fertilizer and the neutralization heat of the reaction of ammonia gas and monoammonium phosphate are fully utilized to heat materials and increase the granulation temperature; and the viscosity of urea nitrate is utilized, the solubility of ammonium phosphate salt is increased, the quantity of the liquid phase for granulation can be satisfied, higher granulation rate can be realized without using other adhesive, the cost is reduced, the water content of the granulation material is significantly reduced, the drying energy consumption can be reduced and a large amount of energy consumption can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of compound manure, be specifically related to a kind of production method that the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers that contain three kinds of nitrogens are made in nitrophosphate fertilizer, urea and the granulation of industrial chemicals ammonia that in the granulating method production technique, adds, contain the nitrogen that has immediate effect in the finished product, nitric nitrogen, ammonia-state nitrogen and slow-release nitrogen, amidonitrogen.
Background technology
At present, along with modern agricultural development, the development of composite fertilizer is both at home and abroad occupied an leading position in chemical fertilizer industry, and in chemical fertilizer industry developed country, the composite fertilizer consumption has accounted for 70% ~ 80% of fertilizer amount.Composite fertilizer mainly is the base fertilizer with nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium; as urea, ammonium chloride, phosphorus ammonium, Repone K etc. after mixing; in tablets press; under certain temperature and amount of liquid phase; rely on the bounding force of self or add an amount of tackiness agent; the reunion granulating, compound fertilizer product is made in drying, cooling, screening again.
Compound fertilizer production method mainly contains granulating method, spray granulating method, extrusion process and blending method etc., and they all are to belong to that base fertilizer carries out secondary processing and the content made has the composite fertilizer of multiple elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
As shown in Figure 1; prior art utilizes the method for granulating method production Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium may further comprise the steps: raw material such as Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, urea etc. are entered rotary drum granulator behind computer metering; simultaneously steam and water evenly are sprayed on the material in the rotary drum granulator; after the physical mixed granulation; oven dry is after cooling system enters screening; the material of saturating sieve does not return rotary drum granulator after pulverizing; saturating screen sections enters packing machine; prevent the caking processing, after feed bin stores, pack.
Above-mentioned granulating method production technology is the widely used production method of China, this method production process is simple, operation is easy to grasp, but stock yard does not have chemical reaction in the production process, be the physics granulation process, exist and make material institute water requirement height, need to add a large amount of steaming G﹠Ws, increase the subsequent drying load, and the granule strength of product is low.Contain a kind of nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen) or two kinds of nitrogens (ammonium nitrogen and amidonitrogen) in the product, the main source of ammonium nitrogen is an ammonium chloride, the source of amidonitrogen is a urea, potassium usually source mostly is Repone K greatly, chloride ion content height in the product is two chlorine productss, and the field crop long-term application can cause soil compaction, crop failure, and be not suitable for cash crop such as vegetables, fruit tree, tobacco.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens based on the production of granulating method, do not add ammonium chloride in the production, add nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea, contain nitric nitrogen in the product, ammonium nitrogen, three kinds of nitrogens of amidonitrogen, the nitrogen that promptly has immediate effect in three kinds of nitrogens also has slow-release nitrogen, urea adds in the solid mode, and as the required master batch of granulating, wrapped up layer by layer by other material, increase granule strength by the chemical reaction that utilizes storeroom, make the housing of coated urea more solid, the release rate of control amidonitrogen makes product have better slow release effect.
Another object of the present invention is by adding nitrophosphate fertilizer, to obtain nitric nitrogen, and make full use of itself and urea reaction and generate the viscosity of urea nitrate as the granulating liquid phase, utilize the poor heat stability of nitrophosphate fertilizer, meet a large amount of heat of thermolysis generation and add thermal material and improve prilling temperature, make full use of its chemical reaction heat and reduce product moisture, reduce drying load, can realize not having drying process, the compound manure of finally making has higher intensity.
Another object of the present invention is by adding ammonia, finish the ammonification of nitrophosphate fertilizer in granulation process, prevent to produce too much urea nitrate, production can not normally being carried out.
Further purpose of the present invention is that the tail gas to production process carries out carrying out washing treatment, and washing water are utilized again, is used for replenishing the amount of liquid phase of granulating institute palpus.So that waste gas, wastewater zero discharge in composite fertilizer's production process make more friendly environment of composite fertilizer's production process.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens; in granulating method composite fertilizer produces; add nitrophosphate fertilizer to obtain nitric nitrogen; gas ammonia is directly led in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator; finish the ammonium processing of nitrophosphate fertilizer; the control reaction generates the quality of urea nitrate; the powdery base fertilizer granulation of, phosphorus nitrogenous with urea and other, potassium, drying, cooling, screening, coating obtain containing nitrogen, phosphorus, the K compound fertilizer of three kinds of nitrogens after the granulation.
Specifically, the described production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens may further comprise the steps:
(1) in granulating method composite fertilizer produces, the powdery base fertilizer of nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea and other is nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium enters rotary drum granulator behind computer metering, lead in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator after the liquefied ammonia gasification by mass percent 3%-4% sum of the mass percent 8-13% that accounts for the nitrophosphate fertilizer input amount and other phosphate fertilizer input amounts, in rotary drum granulator, finish the ammonification and the material granulation process of nitrophosphate fertilizer, temperature of charge is controlled at 80-90 ℃, granulation time 3～7min in the rotary drum granulator;
(2) after the granulation, material enters dryer, and the dryer temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃, drying time 20～40 min;
(3) after the oven dry, material enters the cooling system cooling, sieves through dusting cover screening and scalping respectively after the cooling; the macrobead of pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation; salable product enter packing machine, prevent the caking processing, pack after feed bin stores.
Add nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea in the production process, the viscosity of utilizing urea nitrate is utilized the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability as the required liquid phase of granulating, and a large amount of heats of meeting the thermolysis generation add thermal material, and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water.
Between the sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm of dusting cover screening, between the sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm of scalping screening.
The described powdery base fertilizer that contains other nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is several mixtures in monoammonium phosphate, general calcium, ammonium sulfate, Repone K, the vitriolate of tartar, the nutrient that base fertilizer kind that adds and add-on need be looked the finished product, moisture determine that the product of production is the monochloro product.
Contain nitric nitrogen, ammonia-state nitrogen and amidonitrogen in the finished product, and do not add ammonium chloride.
The production method that the present invention contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, contain three kinds of nitrogens in the product of being produced: nitric nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amidonitrogen, wherein nitric nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen are that quick-acting nitrogen, amidonitrogen are slow-release nitrogen.Urea adds in the solid mode, and as the required master batch of granulating, is wrapped up layer by layer by other material, increase granule strength by the chemical reaction that utilizes storeroom, make the housing of coated urea more solid, the release rate of control amidonitrogen makes product have better slow release effect.The crop scope of application is wider, not only is suitable for field crop, can also be applicable to economic class crops such as vegetables, fruit tree, tobacco.Behind the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, nitric nitrogen began to discharge in 5-7 days, and ammonium nitrogen began to discharge in 10-15 days, and amidonitrogen begins after 15 days to discharge, and had guaranteed that the omnidistance keeping of crop divides.
2, the viscosity of utilizing urea nitrate is utilized the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability as the required liquid phase of granulating, and a large amount of heats of meeting the thermolysis generation add thermal material.
3, utilize gas ammonia in rotary drum granulator, to finish the ammonification of nitrophosphate fertilizer; and utilize the neutralization heat of excessive gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction to add thermal material, improve the solubleness of ammonium phosphate salt simultaneously, to increase the required amount of liquid phase of granulating; the granulation material moisture obviously reduces, and reduces drying load.
4, compound fertilizer product of the present invention: contain the monochloro product of three kinds of nitrogens, the smooth rounding of particle, intensity height, prevented from caking, anti-storage.
5, in the production process by tail gas is carried out carrying out washing treatment, and utilize washing water to replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating.Accomplished waste gas, wastewater zero discharge in composite fertilizer's production process, made more friendly environment of composite fertilizer's production process.
Need not to add again any tackiness agent when 6, producing and just can reach good balling-up situation, realize no stopping composition granulation, reduce production costs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that prior art is utilized granulating method production Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
Fig. 2 is the production method schema that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention contains the production method of the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens, in material, add the raw material that contains nitric nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, amidonitrogen, the source of nitric nitrogen is that the source of nitrophosphate fertilizer, ammonium nitrogen is monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrophosphate fertilizer etc., the source of amidonitrogen is a urea, and wherein nitrophosphate fertilizer contains nitric nitrogen and two kinds of nitrogens of ammonium nitrogen.And the viscosity of utilizing urea nitrate is as the granulating liquid phase, for preventing to react the too much urea nitrate of generation, production can't be carried out, need in granulation process, feed gas ammonia according to different proportionings, nitrophosphate fertilizer is carried out ammonification, generate quality with the control urea nitrate, and increase the degree of neutralization of monoammonium phosphate, and the powdery base fertilizer granulation of nitrogenous with other again, phosphorus, potassium, drying, cooling, screening, coating obtain containing nitrogen, phosphorus, the K compound fertilizer of three kinds of nitrogens after the granulation.
Specifically, the described production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens may further comprise the steps:
(1) in the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens of granulating method is produced; add nitrophosphate fertilizer to obtain nitric nitrogen; to lead to ammonification nitrophosphate fertilizer in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator after the liquefied ammonia gasification by the mass percent 8-13% that accounts for the nitrophosphate fertilizer input amount, lead to the solubleness that increases monoammonium phosphate in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator by the mass percent 3%-4% that accounts for the monoammonium phosphate input amount after with the liquefied ammonia gasification.And, do not need to add tackiness agent in the production process with the additional required amount of liquid phase of granulating of the alternative steam of granulation washing water.
(2) the powdery base fertilizer of nitrogenous, the phosphorus of urea and other, potassium enters rotary drum granulator behind computer metering; in rotary drum granulator, finish the ammoniation-granulation process with gas ammonia; make full use of the viscosity of utilizing urea nitrate and the solubleness that improves ammonium phosphate salt in the granulation process as the required liquid phase of granulating; utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability; meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material, and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water.Temperature of charge is controlled at 80-90 ℃, granulation time 3～7min in the rotary drum granulator;
(3) after the granulation, material enters dryer, and the dryer temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃, drying time 20～40 min;
(4) after the oven dry, material enters the cooling system cooling, sieves through dusting cover screening and scalping respectively after the cooling; the macrobead of pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation; salable product enter packing machine, prevent the caking processing, pack after feed bin stores.
Between the sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm of dusting cover screening, between the sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm of scalping screening.
Described other are nitrogenous, several mixtures in the phosphorus, the powdery base fertilizer monoammonium phosphate of potassium, general calcium, ammonium sulfate, Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, the nutrient that base fertilizer kind that adds and add-on need be looked the finished product, moisture are determined, the product of producing is the monochloro product, do not add ammonium chloride, contain nitric nitrogen, ammonia-state nitrogen and amidonitrogen in the finished product.Urea adds in the solid mode, and as the required master batch of granulating, is wrapped up layer by layer by other material, increase granule strength by the chemical reaction that utilizes storeroom, make the housing of coated urea more solid, the release rate of control amidonitrogen makes product have better slow release effect.
Described nitrophosphate fertilizer is if particulate state then needs broken back to add.
Principle of the present invention is: add nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea in the production process; and in granulation process, feed gas ammonia; producing too much urea nitrate with control can't carry out production process; the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating; utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability; meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material; and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water; nitrogenous with other; phosphorus; the potassium powdered fertilizer; under higher temperature; the granulating of under the effect of rotary drum granulator, reuniting; do not contain ammonium chloride in the raw material; producing product is the monochloro product, can adapt to and be used for cash crop.
CO (NH
2)
2+ HNO
3=CO (NH
2)
2HNO
3(urea nitrate)
NH3+(NH
4) H
2PO
4=(NH
4) 2HPO
4+ heat
During composite fertilizer produces, the product of different ingredients, the required amount of liquid phase of its granulating is different, and the solubleness of various raw materials is to increase along with the rising of temperature, the a large amount of heats that utilize gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate and nitrophosphate fertilizer to meet the thermolysis generation improve the solubleness of other raw material, and this has also increased the required amount of liquid phase of granulating.But also can adjust the ammonia consumption according to different prescription (used nitrophosphate fertilizer what), control urea nitrate and reaction heat.Like this, can adopt cryodrying on the technology, even not have drying process, thereby significantly reduce drying load.Utilize the increase of the solubleness of the viscosity of urea nitrate and monoammonium phosphate simultaneously, need not to add again any tackiness agent and just can reach good balling-up situation.
The present invention contains the production method of the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens, and described raw material is nitrophosphate fertilizer, urea, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, general calcium, Repone K, vitriolate of tartar etc.The nutrient that base fertilizer kind that adds and add-on need be looked the finished product, moisture are determined, if nitrophosphate fertilizer is particulate state, then need broken back to add.
The present invention contains the production method of the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens, and the state that described base fertilizer enters tablets press is a solid, has so just reduced production processes such as urea melting.
Because fertilizer uses changes of seasons, the compound manure waiting time is longer, therefore can produce efflorescence.A material atomizing reason is exactly that product strength is low by analysis, the moisture height, the product that the production method that adopts the present invention to contain the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens is produced, product particle intensity can reach more than the 20N, therefore moisture≤1.8% does not exist particle atomizing problem.
The present invention contains the production method of the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens, owing to made full use of a large amount of heats and the ammonia react heat that produce when nitrophosphate fertilizer decomposes, the dryer temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃ just can guarantee ordinary production, even add more urea, a large amount of liquid phases that the material melting brings can not produce owing to can not influence the subsequent drying operation yet.And traditional granulating method production technique is owing to add a large amount of steaming G﹠Ws, and the dryer temperature need be controlled at 150-200 ℃, like this can be because the urea melting produce a large amount of liquid phases, and influence production is normally carried out when serious.
In addition, because the compound manure water absorbability is stronger, easily lump when depositing.In order to prevent caking, need carry out anti-caking to the fertilizer after the screening and handle.Can apply powder, coating handles.
The invention will be further elaborated below by example:
Embodiment 1:18-18-18 product
Gas ammonia (contains N 82.3%; mass percent; 30 kilograms down together); after metering with joining in the rotary drum granulator bed of material; add urea (containing N46.2) 120 kg through computer metering simultaneously; powdery monoammonium phosphate (contains N 11%; P2O5 46%) 335 kilograms; nitrophosphate fertilizer (contains N 26%; P2O5 12.6%) 220 kilograms; 315 kilograms in Repone K (containing K2O56%); above-mentioned pulverulent material mixes in tablets press with gas ammonia; the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate in the granulation process and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating; utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability; meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material; and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water; temperature of charge is controlled at 85 ℃ in the rotary drum granulator; after the 3min granulation; enter drying machine; drying machine inlet gas temperature is 100 ℃; dry 25 minutes; cool off after the drying; sieve through the screening of sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm dusting cover and sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm scalping respectively after the cooling; the macrobead of pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation; salable product enter packing machine, prevent the caking processing, coating; packing obtains the compound manure that granularity is 2-4.5mm.Product is moisture 1.6%, and intensity 21N contains N-P2O5---and K2O is 17.4-18.2-18.0, smooth, the rounding of particle.
Embodiment 2:18-20-10 high-phosphorus products
Gas ammonia (contains N 82.3%; mass percent; 40 kilograms down together); after metering with joining in the rotary drum granulator bed of material; simultaneously add urea (containing N46.2) 85 kilograms through computer metering; powdery monoammonium phosphate (contains N 11%; P2O5 46%) 300 kilograms; nitrophosphate fertilizer (contains N 26%; P2O5 12.6%) 300 kilograms; general calcium 120 kg (containing P2O5 17%); 175 kilograms in Repone K (containing K2O57%); above-mentioned pulverulent material mixes in tablets press with gas ammonia; the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate in the granulation process and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating; utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability; meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material; and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water; temperature of charge is controlled at 90 ℃ in the rotary drum granulator; after the 3min granulation; enter drying machine; drying machine inlet gas temperature is 100 ℃; dry 30 minutes; cool off after the drying; respectively through the screening of sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm dusting cover and sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm scalping screening, the macrobead of the pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation after the cooling, and salable product enter packing machine; prevent the caking processing; coating, packing obtains the compound manure that granularity is 2-4.5mm.Product is moisture 1.7%, and intensity 23N contains N-P2O5---and K2O is 18.3-19.6-10.0, and particle is smooth, rounding, pure white.
The high nitrogen product of embodiment 3:28-12-10
Gas ammonia (contains N 82.3%; mass percent; 48 kilograms down together); after metering with joining in the rotary drum granulator bed of material; simultaneously add urea (containing N46.2) 295 kilograms through computer metering; powdery monoammonium phosphate (contains N 11%; P2O5 46%) 190 kilograms; nitrophosphate fertilizer (contains N 26% for 305 kilograms; P2O5 12.6%); 170 kilograms in Repone K (containing K2O57%); above-mentioned pulverulent material mixes in tablets press with gas ammonia; the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate in the granulation process and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating; utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability; meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material; and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water; temperature of charge is controlled at 80 ℃ in the rotary drum granulator; after the 3min granulation; enter drying machine; drying machine inlet gas temperature is 90 ℃; dry 20 minutes; cool off after the drying; sieve through the screening of sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm dusting cover and sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm scalping respectively after the cooling; the macrobead of pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation; salable product enter packing machine, prevent the caking processing, coating; packing obtains the compound manure that granularity is 2-4.5mm.Product is moisture 1.5%, and intensity 22N contains N-P2O5---and K2O is 27.6-12.4-9.7, smooth, the rounding of particle.
Three kinds of nitrogen granulation of compound fertilizer then are to introduce industrial chemicals liquefied ammonia, the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating, and utilize reaction heat to improve the solubleness of other raw material, this has also increased the required amount of liquid phase of granulating, but also can adjust the ammonia consumption according to different prescription (used nitrophosphate fertilizer what), increase amount of liquid phase and reaction heat, containing three kinds of nitrogen compound manure of fertilizer processing and fabricating of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium with other, is chemical reaction granulating technology.The granulation balling ratio of ammonification technology can reach 60-80%, and common process has only 40-60%.
It is single to the invention solves the product nitrogen that traditional granulating method makes, and can not omnidistancely support in the crop growth period and divide, the chlorion height, cash crop can not be used, and the field crop long-term application causes soil compaction, problems such as crop failure.And overcome traditional product energy consumption height, outward appearance is coarse, balling ratio is low, product cost is high shortcoming, reduced cost to greatest extent, improved product quality to greatest extent.By adding industrial chemicals ammonia, nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea aborning, the solubleness that makes full use of the viscosity of urea nitrate and improve ammonium phosphate salt is as the required liquid phase of granulating, utilize the nitrophosphate fertilizer poor heat stability, meet a large amount of heats of thermolysis generation and the neutralization heat of gas ammonia and monoammonium phosphate reaction and add thermal material, and replenish the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water, change traditional way and need add the way of a large amount of steaming G﹠Ws as the granulating amount of liquid phase, and need not add tackiness agent, product cost has reduction significantly.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens; it is characterized in that; in granulating method composite fertilizer produces; the powdery base fertilizer of nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea and other is nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium is sent into rotary drum granulator; and gas ammonia is directly led to the urea nitrate of control urea and nitrophosphate fertilizer reaction generation in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator; the powdery base fertilizer granulation of, phosphorus nitrogenous with other, potassium, drying, cooling, screening, coating obtain containing nitrogen, phosphorus, the K compound fertilizer of three kinds of nitrogens after the granulation.
2. the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) in granulating method composite fertilizer produces, the powdery base fertilizer of nitrophosphate fertilizer and urea and other is nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium enters rotary drum granulator behind computer metering, lead in the bed of material of rotary drum granulator after the liquefied ammonia gasification by mass percent 3%-4% sum of the mass percent 8-13% that accounts for the nitrophosphate fertilizer input amount and other phosphate fertilizer input amounts, in rotary drum granulator, finish the ammonification and the material granulation process of nitrophosphate fertilizer, temperature of charge is controlled at 80-90 ℃, granulation time 3～7min in the rotary drum granulator;
(2) after the granulation, material enters dryer, and the dryer temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃, drying time 20～40 min;
(3) after the oven dry, material enters the cooling system cooling, sieves through dusting cover screening and scalping respectively after the cooling; the macrobead of pulverulent material behind the dusting cover after scalping returns tablets press through fragmentation; salable product enter packing machine, prevent the caking processing, pack after feed bin stores.
3. the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens according to claim 2 is characterized in that, between the sieve diameter 2.0-3.0mm of dusting cover screening, between the sieve diameter 4.0-4.5mm of scalping screening.
4. the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described other is nitrogenous, the powdery base fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium is several mixtures in monoammonium phosphate, general calcium, ammonium sulfate, Repone K, the vitriolate of tartar, the nutrient that base fertilizer kind that adds and add-on need be looked the finished product, moisture determine that the product of production is the monochloro product.
5. the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described urea adds in the solid mode, and as the required master batch of granulating.
6. the production method that contains the quick-acting slow-release compound fertilizers of three kinds of nitrogens according to claim 2 is characterized in that, replenishes the required amount of liquid phase of granulating with granulation tail vapour washing water in the step (1).
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| CN102491858A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-13 | 上海化工研究院 | Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
| CN102515911A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-27 | 安徽欧杰利生态肥业有限公司 | High-nitrogen composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193548A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-07-10 | 辽宁施壮肥业有限公司 | Organic-inorganic multi-element pollution-free compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107935703A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 中化化肥有限公司成都研发中心 | Urinate base nitro binary compound fertilizer containing nitrogen and potassium production method |
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| CN102515911A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-27 | 安徽欧杰利生态肥业有限公司 | High-nitrogen composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102491858A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-13 | 上海化工研究院 | Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193548A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-07-10 | 辽宁施壮肥业有限公司 | Organic-inorganic multi-element pollution-free compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265381A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-08-28 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Green environment-friendly compound fertilizer prepared from three kinds of organic-inorganic nitrogen and preparation method thereof |
| CN103483110B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-09-09 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Whole process is for nutrient compound manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN103483110A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-01 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Whole-process nutrient supply type composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103664370A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-26 | 中盐安徽红四方股份有限公司 | Urea-ammonium mixed nitrogen fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN104072246A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-01 | 四川蓥峰实业有限公司 | Spraying granulation production process of compound fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen |
| CN104072246B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-06-08 | 四川蓥峰实业有限公司 | The spray granulating production technique of a kind of composite fertilizer containing nitric nitrogen |
| CN105130687A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 李云利 | Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen and preparing method of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN105948994A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省龙晨肥业有限公司 | Urea-based compound fertilizer containing high-activity minerals |
| CN107935703A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 中化化肥有限公司成都研发中心 | Urinate base nitro binary compound fertilizer containing nitrogen and potassium production method |
| CN111303896A (en) * | 2020-02-04 | 2020-06-19 | 中化农业（临沂）研发中心有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner by utilizing phosphate rock tailings and low-rank coal |
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