CN102084444A - Film foil self healing inductive type capacitor - Google Patents
Film foil self healing inductive type capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102084444A CN102084444A CN2009801252365A CN200980125236A CN102084444A CN 102084444 A CN102084444 A CN 102084444A CN 2009801252365 A CN2009801252365 A CN 2009801252365A CN 200980125236 A CN200980125236 A CN 200980125236A CN 102084444 A CN102084444 A CN 102084444A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/005—Electrodes
- H01G4/015—Special provisions for self-healing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
- H01G4/14—Organic dielectrics
- H01G4/18—Organic dielectrics of synthetic material, e.g. derivatives of cellulose
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract
A film foil self-healing inductively wound capacitor comprises a pair of aluminum foils (AL1, AL2), a pair of plain films (PL1 and PL2), a pair of protective film (PR1 and PR2), single sided metallized film (SML) wherein said aluminum foils are planer but do not run parallel to each other, said single sided metallized film (SML) is placed between the said aluminum foil (AL2) and plain film (PL1) acting as the main dielectric, said aluminum foils ALl and AL2, plain films (PL1 and PL2), protective films (PR1 and PR2) and the single sided metallized film (SML) being inductively wound to achieve self-healing in a cost effective manner under all operating voltage condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts capacitor.
Summary
The invention discloses a kind of paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts capacitor with self-healing performance (but self-healing).The self-healing of thoughts coiling paper tinsel membrane type capacitor is provided with rational cost.
Background technology
Film capacitor can be divided into three kinds of basic structure types: film/leaf condenser, metallic film capacitor, and hybrid technology capacitor.
Film/leaf condenser comprises two metal foil electrodes of being made by aluminium foil, between these two electrodes by separating as dielectric a slice plastic film.Described plastic film can be polyester, polypropylene or Merlon (PEN and PPS).The plastic film that also has some other types, but these films are used for special application.The thickness range of described plastic film is generally 2 μ m to 24 μ m, and the thickness of common described thin dielectric film as described below is derived from the rated voltage of capacitor.The thickness range of described aluminium foil is 4 μ m to 9 μ m.
Alternately make film/leaf condenser with two layers of plastic thin films and two-layer aluminium foil.Described these staggered layers are reeled around axle to prevent the mode that described metal level is in contact with one another.
Film/leaf condenser can be reeled in two ways: sensing mode and no sensing mode are arranged.Usually, manufacturing thoughts wound capacitor is more cheap than noninductive wound capacitor.
The thoughts wound capacitor makes described aluminium foil concentrate between the described thin dielectric rete.By when reeling, described lead being inserted on the described paper tinsel, finish being connected of lead and described paper tinsel.The determining positions of described lead on described paper tinsel the inductance value of described capacitor.
If noninductive capacitor, described paper tinsel is so located: a side of every paper tinsel is extended described thin dielectric film in either direction.Therefore, such coiling claims extended foil again.
In this winding method, at first be connected to the part of all extended foils, carry out simultaneously metal end spraying or welding at two ends, then wire bonds to described metal spraying or weld side, thereby finish and being connected of each electrode.Like this, the surcharge of described metal end spraying/welding has increased the cost of manufacture of described capacitor.The inductance of described capacitor is by the width decision of described dielectric film, and this itself is a shortcoming, because in the big rated capacity device (heavy rated capacitor), the width of described dielectric film can increase; Thereby the inductance that causes this big specified container unit to provide also can increase, and this is unwelcome characteristic.
Film/leaf condenser is characterized as the insulation resistance height usually, the capacitance good stability, even the loss under high-frequency is also very low, and burst process ability height.The thoughts capacitor be characterized as that cost is low, lead spacing is little, operating frequency range is lower and operating temperature range is lower, and noninductive capacitor be characterized as that operating temperature range is wide, pulse current rated value height and operating frequency range be wide.Yet it is more expensive than making thoughts coiled film/leaf condenser to make above-mentioned three kinds of capacitors.
No matter what the coiling technology can be used for, and a main latent defect of these types of this capacitor series is that it is fragile to high voltage.When high voltage being applied to described is on the capacitor of insulator the time in theory, and this capacitor can be punctured by described electric charge, causes short circuit.Be used for the paper tinsel film or based on other thin dielectric films of capacitor aperture (for example, dielectric weakness) is arranged inevitably thus.Therefore, no matter when film/paper tinsel is subjected to high pressure, if described dielectric is depleted to a great extent, then described paper tinsel may expose even be in contact with one another mutually, causes electrical short, makes described capacitor not use.So the reliability of paper tinsel membrane capacitance in the high voltage spike is used is low.
For overcoming above-mentioned defective, can obtain second kind of structure type, be commonly referred to metallic film capacitor.They are different from film/leaf condenser, replace described aluminium foil with the thin metal layer that is deposited on the dielectric film.This finishes by vacuum coating technology.These vacuum-deposited thin metal conducting layers become the electrode of such capacitor.Described metal level is generally extremely thin aluminium or zinc, and the resistance value scope of this aluminium or zinc is 1.2 ohms/square to 12.0 ohms/square.To such an extent as to described metallized film is so thin when the one layer metallization film is lifted under the lamp and can be understood thoroughly.
Make described capacitor with the winding method the same, thereby the aligned part that deposits the ductility thin metal layer that makes that they look like with dielectric film of described vacuum-deposited thin metal layer extends to any side with noninductive capacitor.The described thin metal level that is deposited on the dielectric extends to described metal end spraying, and this metal end spraying as described above is used for carrying out lead at noninductive wound capacitor cellular construction and connects.
The major advantage of these metal capacitors is because the thin metal deposition layer of usefulness has substituted metal forming, and has reduced physical size, the more important thing is, if because the high voltage spike causes short circuit, the characteristic of the self-healing of their inherences.
Described self-healing performance with capacitor of metallized film is inherent, and this is biggest advantage for film/leaf condenser.Self-healing is such phenomenon, and when high voltage is applied to capacitor unit, because as described above the exhausting of described thin dielectric film, described electrode comes out mutually, and described capacitor meeting self-regeneration, rather than be short-circuited.This reparation of described capacitor mainly due to described thin vacuum deposited metal layer as electrode.
In film/leaf condenser, when described paper tinsel exposed mutually, described paper tinsel will be in contact with one another and be short-circuited, and caused the fault of described capacitor unit.When the capacitor that has metallized film exposed thin paper tinsel metal level mutually, they also can be in contact with one another, but made described thin paper tinsel metal deposition layer vaporize in the thinness and the described high energy density of fault zone paper tinsel.It is dizzy to form insulation around the hole, and capacitor is still in work.The reason of short circuit has burnt effectively.
When self-healing, the energy that is stored in the described capacitor only partly loses with self-healing, and the duration is less than 10 seconds.The capacitance ability of described metal capacitor unit also has small minimizing, but because described capacitor is still being worked, that is very little cost.
Metallic film capacitor to be characterized as size little, operating frequency range is wide, loss is low, the burst process ability is low to moderate medium and can self-healing.These metallic film capacitors possess self-healing and other advantages, can be relatively more expensive but make.The intrinsic characteristic of their noninductive type coiling connects as using metal end spray treatment lead simultaneously, makes them make complexity and costliness.
Another type relevant with the present invention that needs to describe is the hybrid technology capacitor.They are the mixture of film/paper tinsel or metallic film capacitor type basically.Usually, these are to have the high voltage capacitor that internal series-connection connects.The hybrid technology capacitor has the characteristics of two kinds of capacitor types, as pulse bearing capacity height and self-healing performance.Although but the hybrid technology capacitor has their advantage,, make expensive and complicated because be the mixing of film/paper tinsel and metal type capacitor.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thoughts coiled film/leaf condenser with self-healing performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cheap thoughts coiling self-healing capacitor that does not use described metal end spraying technology or welding and make.
Of the present invention also have a purpose to provide a kind of thoughts takeup type self-healing capacitor that allows the internal series-connection structure in manufacturing process.
Therefore; self-healing thoughts coiling paper tinsel membrane capacitance provided by the invention comprises: a pair of aluminium foil (AL1; AL2); a pair of plain film film (PL1 and PL2); a pair of protective film (PR1 and PR2); but one-sided metallized film (SML), wherein said a pair of aluminium foil are flat are not parallel the setting each other.Described a pair of aluminium foil (AL1, an AL2) apart segment distance, thus the maintenance separation pitch is 0.5mm to 2mm, this spacing depends on the voltage specification of described paper tinsel membrane capacitance unit.
Described one-sided metallized film (SML) is as main dielectric; place between described aluminium foil (AL2) and the described plain film film (PL1); described aluminium foil AL1 and AL2; plain film film (PL1 and PL2); protective film (PR1 and PR2) and one-sided metallized film (SML) thoughts are reeled, and obtain self-healing performance to have cost-benefit mode under all working voltage conditions.
The thoughts of described paper tinsel membrane capacitance reel relate to wire connector (LW1, LW2) be inserted into the described a pair of aluminium foil that is planar alignment (AL1, AL2) on.Described capacitor is exposed to the thin metal deposition vaporization that electrical breakdown causes described one-sided metallized film (SML), starts the self-healing of described capacitor unit, and (AL1 AL2) is short-circuited thereby avoid the aluminium foil of described planar alignment.
The thin metal deposition layer of described one-sided metallized film (SML) and first aluminium foil (AL1) are arranged and formed with described plain film film (PL1) is dielectric capacitor unit (C1), and under the normal working voltage condition, the plain film film portion that described metal deposition layer forms with described one-sided metallized film (SML) is dielectric capacitor unit (C2).
Can be by described aluminium foil being carried out plane treatment and the layout of SML in described capacitor unit realizes cost benefit of the present invention.The plain film film of described SML bears metal deposition in both sides, to form bilateral metallized film (DSML), described bilateral metallized film has cost-benefit capacitor unit with forming another as dielectric additional plain film film (PL3), thereby improves ampacity and ac rated voltage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inner paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts type capacitor of cascaded structure that is.
Fig. 2 is the paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts type capacitor with bilateral metallized film of cascaded structure for inside.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to the product and the processing procedure of paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts type capacitor.For obtaining described purpose, metallized film is incorporated between main thin dielectric film (plain film film) and the described aluminium foil, and these element thoughts are wound in the described capacitor unit structure.Described to be formed at conplane aluminium foil be flat, but also not parallel each other.The major advantage that described metal level is introduced in the described capacitor unit is if electrical breakdown takes place, to provide the self-healing of described capacitor to have cost-benefit mode.Also can be implemented in the internal series-connection structure under the normal working voltage condition, and improve the ac rated voltage of described capacitor, thereby strengthen its reliability.
Since described film/paper tinsel self-healing thoughts type capacitor has the internal series-connection structure, can be shared in inside by the voltage of described capacitor, thereby ac rated voltage will raise, thereby make described capacitor rising and reliable capacitor for burden.
Provide following legend by accompanying drawing of the present invention in order better to explain:
AL1, AL2 – aluminium foil 1, aluminium foil 2;
PL1, PL2 – plain film film 1 and plain film film 2;
PR1, PR2 – protective film 1 and protective film 2;
LW1, LW2 – lead 1 and lead 2;
The one-sided metallized film of SML-;
DSML-comprises the metal deposition ML1 that is deposited on both sides and the bilateral metallized film of ML2.
(AL1, AL2) (PL1 PL2) replaces, as the basic structural unit of described capacitor unit a pair of aluminium foil among the present invention mutually with a pair of plain film film.Described plain film film (PL1) and the metallized film (SML) with both sides of the edge are main dielectrics.Aluminium foil (AL1 and AL2) that these are staggered and plain film film (PL1) layer, (PR1 PR2) merges with described one-sided metallized film (SML) described protective film.
These different elements of the present invention are reeled around axle to prevent the mode that described aluminium foil and described SML are in contact with one another.Further, this novel design also prevents other elements directly contact mutually in normal working conditions of described capacitor unit.Described element is that thoughts are reeled, so that describedly be formed at aluminium foil same plane in (AL1 is flat AL2), but is not parallel setting each other.Described aluminium foil (AL1, AL2) spaced apart, thus the maintenance separation pitch is 0.5mm to 2mm, this depends on the voltage specification of described paper tinsel membrane capacitance unit.
These are arranged in described plain film film, and (PL1 is PL2) with as between main dielectric one-sided metallized film.Carry out with being connected in following mode of described aluminium foil: (LW1, LW2) (ALl AL2) inserts described lead facing to described flat aluminium foil when thoughts are reeled.
Under the normal voltage condition, described thin one-sided metallized film (SML) and AL1 will be as the pair of electrodes of described capacitor unit, and PL1 is as dielectric, thereby finish first capacitor unit.Form second capacitor with same arrangement mode, described SML and AL2 are as two electrodes, and the described plain film film that deposits metal level is as dielectric.This novel arrangement mode has made things convenient for the internal series-connection structure.
If the generation electrical breakdown, as when overvoltage by as described in during capacitor unit, can cause described main dielectric loss.The energy of described metallized film (SML) hyperabsorption, as voltage, this can cause the vacuum deposited metal of described SML partly to be vaporized, (AL1 AL2) is short-circuited thereby prevent the main aluminium foil of described capacitor unit.Therefore, described capacitor unit keeps running, but has reduced function slightly.
Said process has been realized reeling in thoughts and has been had self-healing in cost-benefit film/leaf condenser, and not have generation to be generally used for the expensive expense of the spray deposited process of metal end of self-healing capacitor.Like this, described thoughts coiling self-healing paper tinsel membrane capacitance provides the benefit of metallic film capacitor, and cost is almost than noninductive metallic film capacitor low 10% to 30%.
Except top described, another characteristic of the present invention is that the described plain film film that deposits metal is as additional dielectric, because immediately in the loss of described metal part and after obtaining self-healing, this plain film film still exists.If above-mentioned electrical breakdown takes place, described plain film film forms the plasma of high compression, and these plasmas are pushed described dielectric layer open, thereby provide additional protection by protecting described aluminium foil to avoid being in contact with one another with short circuit.
Substitute among the embodiment of described one-sided metallized film (SML) at another, described capacitor unit has bilateral metallized film (DSML).Described bilateral metallized film (DSML) comprises a pair of metal deposition layer ML1 and the ML2 that is deposited on described plain film film both sides, and as main dielectric additional plain film film (PL3).
When this embodiment was subjected to normal working voltage, device of the present invention was worked by following mode:
A.AL1 and ML1 are two electrodes of capacitor, and PL1 is as dielectric, thereby finish capacitor unit C1 b. ML2 and AL2 two electrodes as capacitor, the new plain film film PL3 that introduces as dielectric to finish described capacitor unit C2.
If the generation electrical breakdown, ML1 and ML2 vaporization are to prevent that AL1 and AL2 are in contact with one another.Described capacitor short-circuit can be avoided like this, and self-healing can be obtained.Same because 3 dielectrics are present among this embodiment, can further protect described aluminium foil AL1 and AL2 to avoid short circuit.By the ampacity that uses the bilateral metallized film, has the capacitor unit of bigger reliability and improved, improved the ac rated voltage of described capacitor.
If same generation electrical breakdown; described dielectric forms the plasma of high compression; the plasma of this high compression is pushed described dielectric layer open; and because above be equipped with metallized film the plain film film also be as dielectric layer additional in the described capacitor unit; if the generation electrical breakdown, this plain film film provides extra protection for described main aluminium foil.
These elements are reeled in the mode of thoughts, with the formation capacitor, thereby improve above-mentioned reliability, and because acquired internal series-connection structure, the ac rated voltage of described capacitor also can be improved.Metallized film on the described plain film film will form capacitor unit as in electrode and described first aluminium foil; and described main dielectric distributed is between them; another capacitor unit of forming by second aluminium foil and the described plain film film that deposits metallized film; this plain film film is as the dielectric of this unit; but only when due to voltage spikes takes place; metal deposition layer just can be vaporized, and avoids being in contact with one another to protect described aluminium foil, thereby produces described self-healing.Therefore, because such internal series-connection structure, described ac rated voltage has improved.Such capacitor is more expensive than normal thoughts coiled film/leaf condenser, but more cheap than the noninductive coiled film capacitor of described metal.The planar alignment of the one-sided metal deposition of described plain film film or the introducing of bilateral metal deposition and described aluminium foil greatly reduces the possibility of fault when the high voltage spike, and than low 25% the cost nearly of described metal capacitor.
Embodiments of the invention comprise a pair of non-parallel aluminium foil that is arranged in the single plane.The main dielectric plain film film of these aluminium foils and a pair of conduct is alternately reeled, and two protective films are enclosed in around the one-sided metallized film.These element thoughts are reeled, and described aluminium foil is arranged between the described main thin dielectric rete in the following manner: when reeling described lead is inserted on the described aluminium foil, thereby finishes being connected of lead and described capacitor.
Under the normal voltage condition, described thin one-sided metallized film will be as the negative electrode or the anode of capacitor unit, one of the aluminium foil on described main dielectric (one of described plain film film) opposite is as another electrode (voltage that is applied on the described lead is depended in the selection of electrode), thereby finishes a described capacitor unit.
Claims (7)
1. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor comprises:
A pair of aluminium foil (AL1, AL2),
A pair of plain film film (PL1, PL2),
A pair of protective film (PR1, PR2),
One-sided metallized film (SML),
It is characterized in that: described a pair of aluminium foil is flat; but be not parallel the setting each other; described one-sided metallized film (SML) places described aluminium foil (AL2) and as between main dielectric plain film film (PL1); described aluminium foil AL1 and AL2, plain film film (PL1; PL2), protective film (PR1; PR2) and described one-sided metallized film (SML) thoughts reel, thereby under all working voltage conditions, obtain self-healing to have cost-benefit mode.
2. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thoughts of described capacitor reel relate to wire connector (LW1, LW2) be inserted into the described a pair of aluminium foil that is planar alignment (AL1, AL2) on.
3. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and described a pair of aluminium foil (AL1, an AL2) apart segment distance, thus keep separation pitch based on the voltage specification of described capacitor.
4. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the scope of described separation pitch is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.
5. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described capacitor is exposed under the electrical breakdown, cause the thin metal deposition layer vaporization of described one-sided metallized film (SML), start the self-healing of described capacitor unit, thereby (AL1 AL2) is short-circuited to prevent to be the described aluminium foil of planar alignment.
6. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thin metal deposition layer of described one-sided metallized film (SML) and first aluminium foil (AL1) are arranged and formed with described plain film film (PL1) is dielectric capacitor unit (C1), and under the normal working voltage condition, the plain film film portion that described metal deposition layer forms with described one-sided metallized film (SML) is dielectric capacitor unit (C2).
7. paper tinsel film self-healing thoughts wound capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two-side supporting of the plain film film of described one-sided metallized film (SML) metal deposition layer, to form bilateral metallized film (DSML), described bilateral metallized film has cost-benefit capacitor with forming another as dielectric additional plain film film (PL3), thereby improves ampacity and ac rated voltage.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN1585/DEL/2008 | 2008-07-02 | ||
| IN1585DE2008 | 2008-07-02 | ||
| PCT/IB2009/052858 WO2010001348A1 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-07-01 | Film foil self healing inductive type capacitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102084444A true CN102084444A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801252365A Pending CN102084444A (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-07-01 | Film foil self healing inductive type capacitor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102084444A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010001348A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106469613A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-03-01 | 香港城市大学 | Repairable electric element |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014080411A1 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-05-30 | Celem Passive Components Ltd. | A wound film capacitor with improved heat evacuation |
| US20210265113A1 (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2021-08-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Film capacitor cell element and capacitor |
| CN116089880B (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2024-01-05 | 重庆大学 | Method and system for classifying initial self-healing types of metallized film capacitors |
| CN119199297A (en) * | 2024-07-02 | 2024-12-27 | 重庆大学 | Method and system for evaluating structural damage degree of metallized film capacitors based on self-healing characteristic parameters |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02303108A (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1990-12-17 | Nichicon Corp | Manufacture of capacitor |
| CN2372773Y (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2000-04-05 | 陈真 | Self-healing foil high voltage capacitor |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2227751B2 (en) * | 1972-06-07 | 1979-02-08 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Electric capacitor and process for its manufacture |
| US3840787A (en) * | 1974-01-23 | 1974-10-08 | Gen Electric | Wound capacitor with internal discharge resistor |
| KR860000968B1 (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1986-07-23 | 야마시다 도시히꼬 | Metallized Film Capacitor |
| US4603373A (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1986-07-29 | Electronic Concepts, Inc. | Outer wrapping for a metallized wound capacitor |
| US5615078A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1997-03-25 | Aerovox Incorporated | Metallized film for electrical capacitors having a semiconductive layer extending entirely across the unmetallized margin |
| US6110233A (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2000-08-29 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Wound multi-anode electrolytic capacitor with offset anodes |
-
2009
- 2009-07-01 WO PCT/IB2009/052858 patent/WO2010001348A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-07-01 CN CN2009801252365A patent/CN102084444A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02303108A (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1990-12-17 | Nichicon Corp | Manufacture of capacitor |
| CN2372773Y (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2000-04-05 | 陈真 | Self-healing foil high voltage capacitor |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106469613A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-03-01 | 香港城市大学 | Repairable electric element |
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| WO2010001348A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
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Application publication date: 20110601 |