CN102060571A - Green glaze for domestic porcelain - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ceramic glaze, which is a preparation method for producing high-quality daily-use celadon glaze products. The chemical weight percentage composition of the green glaze is: SiO ₂ 65.0-72.0%, Al ₂ O ₃ 10.5-11.8%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.5-1.5%, TiO ₂ 0.0-0.5%, CaO 8.0-14.0%, MgO 0.0 ～2.0%, K ₂ O 4.0～6.0%, Na ₂ O 1.0～3.0%; the green glaze for daily-use porcelain of the present invention is a raw material glaze, fired once at 1210～1270°C, and the raw materials in the ingredients are all minerals raw material. The raw material components and weight percentage are: 12.0-19.0% of quartz, 58.0-65.0% of feldspar, 10.0-15.0% of fly ash, 0.0-4.0% of calcined talc, and 5.0-12.0% of purple gold clay. The green glaze of the invention is simple in composition, scientific and reasonable, and easy to implement; the glaze surface of the finished porcelain after firing is fine and smooth; The firing temperature of the present invention is 1210-1270 DEG C, and one firing is performed. Compared with the traditional celadon manufacturing process, the energy consumption is low and the cost is saved.

Description

Green glaze for daily porcelain

technical field

The invention relates to a ceramic glaze, in particular to a green glaze for producing high-quality daily-use porcelain.

technical background

The ancients admired celadon, but did not pay much attention to white porcelain, because white porcelain is too dazzling and sharp, while celadon is gentle and honest, euphemistic and subtle, and can change many different green glaze colors. Confucianism in traditional Chinese culture [non-patent reference 1]. The jasper-like color and texture of celadon conform to the Chinese people's psychology of "worshiping jade". It also reflects the Chinese aesthetic taste of "naturalness".

With the acceleration of people's life rhythm, the green environmental protection and aesthetics of ceramic products have attracted more attention and attention. This invention caters to the physiological and essential needs of people's visual organs, which is good for "cyan", and reflects human beings' nostalgia for nature. Feelings. The present invention adopts common natural mineral raw materials, adopts medium-temperature one-time firing, thin base and thin glaze, and the glaze surface of the finished porcelain is fine and smooth, with green glaze color, stable color development, non-toxic, environmental protection, and is suitable for mass production of daily-use porcelain. The traditional celadon production and manufacturing process uses two or even multiple glazes and multiple bisque firings. For example, the invention patent publication number CN 1253124A celadon glaze and the preparation method of celadon glaze products, the green body is fired for the first time at 800-850°C for decoration, and then the second glaze is applied, and the final firing temperature is 1340°C. The present invention adopts one-time glazing and one-time firing, does not need secondary glazing and two-time firing, and the firing temperature is 1240°C. According to relevant calculations, the heat consumption required for firing porcelain at 1350°C is 4500-5000 kcal/kg product, while the energy consumption required for firing porcelain at 1250°C is 1800-2000 kcal/kg product, with a temperature difference of 100°C. The cost difference is 1.5 times. The invention has low energy consumption and saves cost.

The current production of celadon only stays at the production level of artistic porcelain and small-batch daily-use porcelain. Some scholars believe that celadon itself is only suitable for small-batch production, and the current celadon including imitation and artwork still stays at the level of thick glaze and thick body. There are very few celadon daily necessities with a thin body and thick glaze. If we can mass-produce thin body and thin glaze, and the glaze color can reach the level of celadon at that time, it will be another historical breakthrough and progress of celadon glaze , so that the traditional and exquisite celadon art can enter the families of ordinary people, and let the celadon art play a more brilliant brilliance.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a green glaze for daily-use porcelain with simple composition, good glaze quality and one-time firing, which is suitable for large temperature differences in factory kilns. The color is green and warm, with jade texture.

The blue glaze for daily-use porcelain according to the present invention has a chemical composition (wt%) of: SiO ₂ 65.0-72.0%, Al ₂ O ₃ 10.5-11.8%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.5-1.5%, TiO ₂ 0.0- 0.5%, CaO 8.0-14.0%, MgO 0.0-2.0%, K ₂ O 4.0-6.0%, Na ₂ O 1.0-3.0%.

The celadon glaze for daily-use porcelain of the present invention is prepared from the following raw materials in weight percentage: 12.0-19.0% of quartz, 58.0-65.0% of feldspar, 10.0-15.0% of lime ash, 0.0-4.0% of calcined talc, purple gold Soil 5.0-12.0%.

The celadon glaze for daily-use porcelain of the present invention is a raw material glaze, fired once at 1210-1270°C, and its raw material composition does not contain any toxic and heavy metal components, all of which are mineral raw materials, rich in raw material sources, low in cost, environmentally friendly and pollution-free . The composition is simple, scientific and reasonable, and easy to implement; the blank glaze has good adaptability, especially suitable for the characteristics of large temperature differences in domestic kilns; the finished porcelain glaze surface after firing is fine, smooth, smooth, and has good gloss; the glaze surface is easy to clean; mechanical It has high strength and good thermal shock stability. The thermal shock stability has been tested to reach 180°C-20°C water heat exchange for 5 pieces without cracking at one time; the glaze color is green and elegant, slightly opacified, achieving a jade-like effect.

The reason why the green glaze for daily-use porcelain of the present invention can reduce the firing temperature is that a large amount of feldspar and fly ash are introduced. Feldspar is used as a flux in glaze. Its main function is to melt and dissolve other substances. It forms a viscous glass melt at high temperature and is an alkaline oxide (Na ₂ O, K ₂ O) The main source can reduce the firing temperature. Fly ash is the main source of CaO in the glaze, the particles are small and easy to distribute evenly in the glaze; CaO can play a role in fluxing.

The inner essence of the crystal texture lies in the fact that the glaze layer contains a large number of fine air bubbles. The existence of air bubbles makes the glaze layer scatter light, thus making the glaze body appear soft and semi-opacified in appearance. Celadon glaze generally uses limestone as a flux. During the firing process, when the glaze is fired at 1200°C, the SiO ₂ in the glaze forms a fluidity with Na ₂ O and K ₂ O, and the glaze body begins to soften and melt. Quartz and feldspar continuously decompose into Fe ₂ O ₃ in the glaze melt. When the above reaction occurs, because both the blank and the glaze have gas released, when the glaze body is in a porous state, the gas decomposed by calcium carbonate has no time to be completely removed from the enamel and will continue to be discharged until the glaze produces a liquid phase and vitrification, then , these gases will generate bubbles in the glaze layer that has been vitrified or fully melted and has a certain viscosity.

The hue of green glaze is formed by the iron in the glaze in the reducing atmosphere to form ferrous oxide (FeO) and react with silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) to form turquoise iron metasilicate (FeO·SiO ₂ ). When the iron silicate is further melted in the lime, a turquoise CaO-FeO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SiO ₂ silicate melt is produced, which is the so-called celadon glaze or glass. Ferrous oxide (FeO) as a coloring agent is generally introduced into ferrous oxide of chemical raw materials or purple gold soil of mineral raw materials. The present invention selects purple gold clay as a mineral raw material as the raw material for introducing ferrous oxide. Under the condition that the iron content of the green body remains unchanged, the higher the iron content in the glaze, the darker the glaze color will be. In the range of 0.8%-3.0%, the glaze color will show moon white, pink green, plum green, bean green, Crab shell blue and other colors. Due to the high content of alkaline substances in purple gold soil, during the firing process of celadon glaze, alkaline substances can increase the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze and reduce the fluidity of the glaze, which can be fired into thick-glazed celadon. Zijin soil also contains relatively high Al ₂ O ₃ , on the one hand, Al ₂ O ₃ increases the glass transition temperature range of the glaze, so that there are evenly distributed micro-bubbles in the glaze, showing a soft luster; on the other hand, Al ₂ O ₃ And can reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze, so that the glaze surface will not crack [Non-patent reference 2].

[Non-patent Reference 1]: Li Yueliang. Glaze Color and Cultural Connotation of Longquan Celadon [J]. Art Design History. 2006, 7:025

[Non-patent reference 2]: Coloring mechanism of iron in celadon, Ye Hongming, Lao Fasheng, Li Guozhen, Zha Yongqing: "Summary of Longquan Celadon Production Technology", Zhejiang Light Industry Department edited "Longquan Celadon Research" , Beijing Cultural Relics Publishing House, 1998, p. 177.

The production process of the present invention adopts a shuttle kiln for firing, and the fuel is natural gas. The firing system is as follows: firing in an oxidizing atmosphere at room temperature to 960°C for 4-5 hours; firing in a reducing atmosphere at 960°C to 1240°C for 1-3 hours in an atmosphere from strong to weak. The whole firing cycle is 5-8h, and the firing pressure is not specially controlled.

The chemical composition of the raw materials used in the present invention is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 raw material chemical weight composition table (wt%)

The raw materials are prepared into a mixture according to the weight percentage, and a certain amount of medium water and dispersant water glass are added to a ball mill to grind to make a glaze slurry. The fineness of the glaze slurry is controlled to be less than 0.01% on a 250-mesh sieve.

The glaze of the present invention can be used according to the conventional daily-use porcelain production process and operating system. The glaze slurry is applied on the unsintered porcelain body, wherein the weight percentage of the porcelain body is 36.8% of kaolin and 63.2% of porcelain stone. Then it is fired under the conditions of this firing (both firing and glaze firing at the same time) to obtain the finished product.

The green glaze for daily-use porcelain of the present invention is simple in composition, scientific and reasonable, and easy to implement; the blank glaze has good adaptability, and is especially suitable for the characteristics of excessive temperature differences in domestic kilns; the finished porcelain glaze surface after firing is delicate, smooth, smooth, Good gloss; easy to clean, high mechanical strength, good thermal shock stability, green glaze color, stable hair color, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, suitable for mass production of daily-use porcelain.

Detailed ways

Example 1

The blue glaze for daily-use porcelain described in embodiment 1 is formulated from the raw materials formed in the following weight percentages:

Quartz 18.6%, feldspar 60.47%, fly ash 11.30%, calcined talc 2.33%, purple gold clay 7.30%.

All batch materials are mixed evenly in a ball mill, and water is used as a medium to grind at room temperature to form a glaze slurry, and the fineness of the glaze slurry is controlled to be less than 0.01% on a 250-mesh sieve.

The prepared glaze slurry is applied on the unsintered porcelain body, wherein the weight percentage of the porcelain body is 36.8% of kaolin and 63.2% of porcelain stone. Fired at a temperature of 1270°C for 6 hours to obtain high-quality daily-use celadon products. The enamel surface of the product is delicate, smooth, smooth and glossy. At the same time, it has been proved by experiments that the heavy metal content of the product is zero; the glaze has strong corrosion resistance and is easy to clean; it has high mechanical strength and good thermal shock stability; .

Example 2

The blue glaze for daily-use porcelain described in embodiment 2 is formulated from the raw materials formed in the following weight percentages:

Quartz 16.88%, feldspar 63.29%, fly ash 12.66%, calcined talc 2.11%, purple gold clay 5.06%.

All batch materials are mixed evenly in a ball mill, and water is used as a medium to grind at room temperature to form a glaze slurry, and the fineness of the glaze slurry is controlled to be less than 0.01% on a 250-mesh sieve.

The prepared glaze slurry is applied on the unsintered porcelain body, wherein the weight percentage of the porcelain body is 36.8% of kaolin and 63.2% of porcelain stone. Fired for 6.5 hours at a temperature of 1240°C to obtain high-quality daily-use celadon products. The enamel surface of the product is delicate, smooth, smooth and glossy. At the same time, it has been proved by experiments that the heavy metal content of the product is zero; the glaze has strong corrosion resistance and is easy to clean; it has high mechanical strength and good thermal shock stability; .

Example 3

The blue glaze for daily-use porcelain described in embodiment 3 is formulated from the raw materials of the following weight percentages:

Quartz 14.49%, feldspar 62.80%, fly ash 14.49%, calcined talc 2.42%, purple gold clay 5.80%.

All batch materials are mixed evenly in a ball mill, and water is used as a medium to grind at room temperature to form a glaze slurry, and the fineness of the glaze slurry is controlled to be less than 0.01% on a 250-mesh sieve.

The prepared glaze slurry is applied to the unsintered porcelain body, wherein the weight percentage of the porcelain body is 36.8% of kaolin and 63.2% of porcelain stone. Fired at a temperature of 1210°C for 7 hours to obtain high-quality daily-use celadon products. The enamel surface of the product is delicate, smooth, smooth and glossy. At the same time, it has been proved by experiments that the heavy metal content of the product is zero; the glaze has strong corrosion resistance and is easy to clean; it has high mechanical strength and good thermal shock stability; .

The chemical composition of each embodiment is shown in Table 2.

The chemical weight percentage composition table (wt%) of the embodiment of table 2

Claims (8)

1. A green glaze for daily-use porcelain, characterized in that, the chemical composition weight percent of the green glaze is: SiO ₂ 65.0～72.0%, Al ₂ O ₃ 10.5～11.8%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.5～1.5%, TiO ₂ 0.0-0.5%, CaO 8.0-14.0%, MgO 0.0-2.0%, K ₂ O 4.0-6.0%, Na ₂ O 1.0-3.0%. 2. The celadon glaze for daily-use porcelain according to claim 1 is characterized in that its raw material components and weight percentages are composed of: 12.0-19.0% of quartz, 58.0-65.0% of feldspar, 10.0-15.0% of lime ash, calcined Talc 0.0-4.0%, Zijin clay 5.0-12.0%. 3. According to the celadon glaze for daily-use porcelain described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that in the chemical composition, ferrous oxide is introduced through purple gold soil, and is converted into ferrous oxide under reducing conditions, and the weight percentage of raw materials is composed of purple gold The soil content is 5.0-12.0%. 4. A method for preparing a green glaze product comprising billet making, glazing, and firing, characterized in that the firing atmosphere in the firing process is successively an oxidation atmosphere, a reduction atmosphere, and an oxidation atmosphere. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the three temperature zones controlled by the firing atmosphere are: room temperature to 960°C oxidizing atmosphere, 960°C to 1150°C strong reducing atmosphere, 1150°C to 1270°C weak reducing atmosphere , 1270 ℃ ~ normal temperature natural cooling. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, the heat treatment condition of the green glaze product is 1210-1270° C., firing for 5-8 hours. 7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the weight percentage of the porcelain blank for making the blank is composed of 63.2% of porcelain stone and 36.8% of kaolin. 8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the firing of the base glaze is a single firing.