CN101955802B - Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass - Google Patents
Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101955802B CN101955802B CN 201010289674 CN201010289674A CN101955802B CN 101955802 B CN101955802 B CN 101955802B CN 201010289674 CN201010289674 CN 201010289674 CN 201010289674 A CN201010289674 A CN 201010289674A CN 101955802 B CN101955802 B CN 101955802B
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- gasification
- fuel gas
- purifying chamber
- fire grate
- ebullition
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011285 coke tar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011286 gas tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass, comprising an upper boiling gasification furnace, a middle catalytic pyrolysis section and a lower fuel gas primary purifying chamber, wherein the boiling gasification furnace is obliquely arranged above the fuel gas primary purifying chamber; a spile fire grate capable of adjusting the inserting depth is arranged at the upper part of the fuel gas primary purifying chamber; a gasification agent inlet and a gasification agent spraying nozzle are arranged at the bottom of the boiling gasification furnace; a fuel gas outlet is arranged below the spile fire grate; and a material inlet and an ignition hole are arranged at the upper part of the boiling gasification furnace. The invention can be used for pyrolyzing and gasifying straws and solid wastes of agriculture and forestry and can be also used for incinerating solid domestic wastes in cities and towns and sludge which is dehydrated and dried by sewage treatment plants and acquiring energy sources; tar particles generated by gasification are cracked, large part of carbon dioxide is reduced and the yield of combustible gas can be increased; the fuel gas has high quality and no tar so as to be beneficial to purification; and the gasification temperature is high, so that harmful gases such as dioxin and the like can be avoided.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification pyrolyzer, belong to the renewable energy conversion technical field.
Background technology:
Agricultural solid waste, cities and towns solid life refuse and sewage work's dewatered sludges etc. such as China's annual output stalk are about more than 1,500,000,000 tons, except minority is utilized, the overwhelming majority is arbitrarily burned, is abandoned or landfill, and these discarded solid biomass become one of important root of environmental pollution.Simultaneously, these wastes also are Renewable Energy Resources, are equivalent to standard coal more than 600,000,000 tons.In recent decades, people to pollute and obtain the energy and do a lot of work in order to prevent, have carried out a series of Beneficials, and wherein larger demonstration mainly contains stalk, garbage power project, gasifying stalk central gas supply project etc.From recent two decades operation practice, all there are many problems in these projects.The technology of current application mainly contains " pyrolytic gasification technology " and " destructive gasifying technology " aspect gasifying biomass.But no matter in which way gasification all can produce the hydrocarbon polymer that accounts for total energy 5-10%---tar.General at small-sized straw gasification station, tar, sewage are not used and science is disposed, and this not only causes the wasting of resources, also can cause secondary environmental pollution.Moreover because scale of the project and operation condition restriction, the device gasification efficiency is not high, and gas tar oil content is higher, and calorific value is on the low side, is mainly used in resident's cooking and small-sized internal combustion power generation project.Burn or gasification all can produce dioxin and heavy metal ion to the secondary pollution of environment as for solid life refuse and dewatered sludge.Characteristics for solid biomass are relatively thought by analyzing: solid biomass is collected nearby, on the spot conversion, and consumption is practicable direction on the spot.For example, " straw power generation ", " gasifying stalk central gas supply ", " stalk density moulding (stalk briquette) ", " garbage power " etc.Can not be at the cost of the environment in order to obtain the energy! Therefore researching and developing new device, both can obtain the energy, can prevent and remedy pollution again, is the new demand of society, Economic development.
Summary of the invention:
For overcoming the defective of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of resource utilization combustion gas quality solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification pyrolyzer high, that do not produce obnoxious flavour high, that produce.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification pyrolyzer, comprise the ebullition, gasification stove on top and the combustion gas primary purifying chamber of bottom, described ebullition, gasification stove is obliquely installed in top, described combustion gas primary purifying chamber, be provided with the plate fire grate that to regulate depth of penetration on the top of combustion gas primary purifying chamber, be provided with gasification agent inlet and vaporized chemical nozzle in the bottom of ebullition, gasification stove, vaporized chemical nozzle centerline below to plate fire grate top is fixed-bed catalytic cracking section, the below of described plate fire grate is provided with gas outlet, and the top of described ebullition, gasification stove is provided with material inlet and fire hole.
The constructional feature of cracking furnace of the present invention also is:
The axis of ebullition, gasification stove and the angle of plummet are 30 °, are convenient to material cycle and recirculating zone reaction density in the stove.
The fixed-bed catalytic cracking section that arranges, contained tar can be by further cracking and catalyzing, and the carbonic acid gas major part in the flue gas is reduced.Combustiblecomponents in the gas significantly increases, and fuel gases calorific value is improved.
The present invention is melted solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification new device for one with solid biomass ebullition, gasification technology and catalytic pyrolysis technology.During the device actual motion, at first so that the abundant oxidation of part biological raw material produces high temperature; The inflammable gas that is rich in tar is detained in hot environment and is entrainmented by air-flow and is back to the thermal-flame district, and most of tar is by Pintsch process in the combustion gas; To the cracking section, by the coke catalytic pyrolysis, the carbonic acid gas major part in the combustion gas is reduced to the carbon monoxide inflammable gas in the catalytic pyrolysis section to remaining tar with gas downflow.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, tar Pintsch process and fixed carbon bed catalytic pyrolysis technology.
By strong oxidation, the high warm flue gas of generation is realized internal recycle to solid biomass under the volume seat effect of the constraint of furnace wall and action of gravity and spray combustion at the ebullition, gasification stove.Because oxidizing temperature is high, the tar that gasification produces and obnoxious flavour is cleaved or decompose, the heavy metal salt in the ash content resolves into stable heavy metal oxide.The high-temperature gas that produces in the vapourizing furnace fixed carbon bed on the plate fire grate of flowing through, contained tar can be by further cracking and catalyzing, and the carbonic acid gas major part in the flue gas is reduced.Combustiblecomponents in the gas significantly increases, and fuel gases calorific value is improved.
2, be located at coke fixed bed on the plate fire grate
Take metallurgical coke as fixed bed, the metallurgical coke hot strength is high, in reducing atmosphere, can not produce to cave in and affect gas-solid contact, and excellent catalytic effect, coke tar cracking is abundant.C catalyst does not almost have any consumption when coke tar cracking, only when being reduced, carbonic acid gas consumes to some extent, therefore, should note timely supplementary carbon source (with " solid biomass internal-combustion horizontal revolving gas retort " when supporting the use, not needing to replenish metallurgical coke) during gasifying biomass.
3, ebullition, gasification stove axis is in tilted layout
Its effect has: 1. the stove inner fluid is beneficial to Rapid Circulation under the constraint of curved surface furnace wall; 2. the reflection of curved surface furnace wall and radiation effect are beneficial to the raising gasification temperature; 3. the solid carbon bed on the plate fire grate of stove below is thicker, and the combustion gas crossing time is longer, is beneficial to coke tar cracking and carbon dioxide reduction, and the recirculating zone gas-solid ratio is higher, is beneficial to gasification reaction.
4, the plate fire grate can be regulated depth of penetration
Be beneficial to carbonic acid gas for adjusting coke bed thickness and fully reduce, improve the carbon utilisation rate of raw material.
5, apparatus of the present invention applied range can be used for the agricultural solid waste pyrolytic gasifications such as stalk, also can be used for the sludge incineration after cities and towns solid life refuse and urban wastewater treatment firm dehydrate and obtains the energy.
6, resource utilization is high, and the tar particle that gasification produces is cleaved, and most of carbonic acid gas is reduced, and increases inflammable gas output.
7, combustion gas quality is high, without tar, is beneficial to purify and disposes in the combustion gas; Gasification temperature is high, does not produce the obnoxious flavoures such as dioxin; Heavy metal salt in the rubbish mud is broken down into and eco-friendly metal oxide.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cracking furnace of the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1, backflow flue gas entrance, 2, the ebullition, gasification stove, 3, material inlet, 4, gasification agent inlet, 5, plenum chamber, 6, the vaporized chemical nozzle, 7, plate fire grate regulating mechanism, 8, gas outlet, 9, the plate fire grate, 10, flue-dust retainer, 11, spiral clinker removor, 12, manhole, 13, fire hole (vision slit of holding concurrently), 14, combustion gas primary purifying chamber, 15 fixed-bed catalytic cracking sections.
Below pass through embodiment, and the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: in conjunction with Fig. 1, the solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification pyrolyzer of present embodiment, comprise the ebullition, gasification stove 2 on top and the combustion gas primary purifying chamber 14 of bottom, ebullition, gasification stove 2 is obliquely installed in 14 tops, combustion gas primary purifying chamber, be provided with the plate fire grate 9 that to regulate depth of penetration on the top of combustion gas primary purifying chamber, plate fire grate 9 is regulated the degree of depth of inserting in the combustion gas primary purifying chamber 14 by plate fire grate regulating mechanism 7, be provided with gasification agent inlet 4 and vaporized chemical nozzle 6 in the bottom of ebullition, gasification stove, below plate fire grate 9, be provided with gas outlet 8, the top of ebullition, gasification stove is provided with material inlet 3 and fire hole 13, and fire hole 13 doubles as vision slit.
In specifically arranging, the bottom of combustion gas primary purifying chamber 14 is flue-dust retainer 10, and is provided with spiral clinker removor 11 in the outlet of flue-dust retainer.Combustion gas Rapid Circulation under the constraint of curved surface furnace wall in order to make the 2 interior generations of ebullition, gasification stove improves gasification temperature, and it is 30 ° that the axis of ebullition, gasification stove 2 and the angle of plummet are set.
In concrete the use, at first input the metallurgical coke particle of diameter 2cm to more than gasification agent inlet 4 medullary rays from gasification materiel entrance 3; Spontaneous ignition hole 13 pushes kindling material, from gasification materiel entrance 3 input gasified raw materials, starts simultaneously gas blower and combustion gas induced draft fan; The hot flue gas that gasification produces is drawn from combustion gas outlet 8, behind the induced draft fan show that firearm is lighted before, the hot flue gas of part refluxes through by-pass valve, unnecessary gas discharges sky, until till showing that firearm is lighted.Jet-stream wind carries gasification materiel and is subjected to furnace wall constraint and action of gravity at uphill process and refluxes during pyrolytic gasification, and under the impact of jet-stream wind, the partial reflux body is rolled up seat and produced internal recycling.Gasification materiel constantly carries out redox and catalytic cracking reaction in rising, backflow, working cycle, the heavy metal salt is decomposed.Temperature can be up to more than 1300 ℃ in the ebullition, gasification stove.
The fixed bed coke cleaving layer of downdraft on the plate fire grate 9 of flowing through under the induced draft fan effect in the heating coke, remains in tar in the combustion gas by cleaved under the scorching hot coke katalysis, and carbonic acid gas is further reduced.
Regulate the depth of penetration of plate fire grate 9, can regulate coke layer thickness and systemic resistance, and regulate the useful space under the plate fire grate, improve the rate of descent of dust in the combustion gas, reduce the cleaning section workload.The lime-ash that falls in the flue-dust retainer 10 is discharged by spiral clinker removor 11.In gasification, should note the coke layer thickness of cracking bed, in time replenish coke.
If this device and gas retort are supporting, then biological Jiao enters furnace gas by material inlet 3, and carbonization gas enters stove by backflow flue gas entrance 1, participate in burning, circulation cracking whole process, its contained tar almost all are converted into inflammable gas through Pintsch process and catalytic pyrolysis.The last air mixture that is made of carbonization gas, pyrolysis gas and coke tar cracking gas enters next procedure through gas outlet 8.
Claims (1)
1. solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification pyrolyzer, comprise the ebullition, gasification stove (2) on top and the combustion gas primary purifying chamber (14) of bottom, it is characterized in that, described ebullition, gasification stove (2) is obliquely installed in top, described combustion gas primary purifying chamber (14), be provided with the plate fire grate (9) that to regulate depth of penetration on the top of combustion gas primary purifying chamber, be provided with gasification agent inlet (4) and vaporized chemical nozzle (6) in the bottom of ebullition, gasification stove, vaporized chemical nozzle centerline below to plate fire grate top is fixed-bed catalytic cracking section (15), the below of described plate fire grate is provided with gas outlet (8), and the top of described ebullition, gasification stove is provided with material inlet (3) and fire hole (13); The axis of described ebullition, gasification stove (2) and the angle of plummet are 30 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010289674 CN101955802B (en) | 2010-09-19 | 2010-09-19 | Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010289674 CN101955802B (en) | 2010-09-19 | 2010-09-19 | Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass |
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| CN101955802A CN101955802A (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| CN101955802B true CN101955802B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| CN 201010289674 Expired - Fee Related CN101955802B (en) | 2010-09-19 | 2010-09-19 | Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102533346A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass |
| WO2015061936A1 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-05-07 | 任杰 | Adjustable fuel gas generator |
| CN106675652B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-01-17 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | Method and equipment for producing diesel oil by biomass gasification |
| CN106675651B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-01-17 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | Method and equipment for producing gasoline by biomass gasification |
| CN108117889A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-06-05 | 玉溪市圣力环保科技有限公司 | A kind of pressurization reverse-flow type organic waste gasification furnace |
| CN110078350B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-01-11 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | Sludge comprehensive treatment system and method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1888017A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Cracking and gasifying reforming furnace |
| CN101144022A (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-03-19 | 上海交通大学 | Three-stage biomass gasifier |
| CN201834892U (en) * | 2010-09-19 | 2011-05-18 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification and cracking furnace |
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2010
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1888017A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Cracking and gasifying reforming furnace |
| CN101144022A (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-03-19 | 上海交通大学 | Three-stage biomass gasifier |
| CN201834892U (en) * | 2010-09-19 | 2011-05-18 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Solid biomass pyrolysis, gasification and cracking furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 对CFB燃烧/煤热解多联产工艺过程的开发;梁鹏等;《热能动力工程》;20100531;第25卷(第3期);第279页第1.2部分 * |
| 梁鹏等.对CFB燃烧/煤热解多联产工艺过程的开发.《热能动力工程》.2010,第25卷(第3期),第279页第1.2部分. |
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| CN101955802A (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Denomination of invention: Pyrolysis and gasification cracking furnace for solid biomass Effective date of registration: 20131024 Granted publication date: 20130320 Pledgee: Anhui Anhui Investment & financing Company Limited by Guarantee Pledgor: Hefei Tianyan Exploitation of Green Energy Sources Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2013990000774 |
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Owner name: HEFEI TIANYAN BIOMASS ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TIANYAN GREEN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD., HEFEI Effective date: 20140129 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140129 Address after: 240601 Anhui city of Hefei Province Economic and Technological Development Zone Cuiwei Road No. 6 building five floor 514 constant sea Patentee after: Hefei Tianyan Biomass Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: 230041 National Science and Technology Forestry Park, Luyang District, Anhui, Hefei Patentee before: Hefei Tianyan Exploitation of Green Energy Sources Co., Ltd. |
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