CN101939583A - Lighting module, lighting device and method for lighting - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of lighting module (1), it has: at least one light source (7); At least one optical component (2), it is arranged to have certain distance with described at least one light source (7); And at least one reflector (3).Described optical component constitutes for this reason and is arranged to, and has the radioactive nature of wide projection angle, and guides described reflector by the overwhelming majority of the light of described light source projects to the described optical component.

Description

Lighting module, lighting device and method for lighting

technical field

The invention relates to a lighting module with a light source, an optical component and a reflector, a lighting device with such a lighting module, and a lighting method.

Background technique

Hitherto, in lighting modules, a narrow emission characteristic or an emission characteristic with a clear light-to-dark transition required high technical effort and entailed a large loss of efficiency. Due to the forced narrow configuration of the LED modules, due to the extremely tight chip packaging and/or due to the small distance between the main light source (LED chip or LED lamp) and the lens arranged downstream, poor thermal management often results .

In order to achieve a radiation characteristic with a wide beam angle in the lighting module, a combination of lenses with different radiation characteristics and/or a combination of different optical axes of an optical system of the same type (the optical systems are mutually inclined) is known . To date, narrow radiation angles have been achieved inefficiently with the aid of conventional lenses.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a simple and cost-effective possibility for achieving a broad emission characteristic in a lighting module.

This object is achieved by means of a lighting module according to claim 1 , a lighting device according to claim 36 and a method according to claim 40 . Advantageous embodiments can be obtained especially from the subclaims.

The lighting module has: at least one light source; at least one optical component arranged at a distance from the at least one light source; and at least one reflector. For this purpose, the optical component is designed and arranged to have a radiation characteristic with a wide angle of incidence and to direct the majority of the light rays impinging on the optical component from the light source to the reflector.

Here, wide angle of incidence means that the optical component is constructed and arranged such that the maximum light intensity is not on its optical axis or in the main direction of radiation; therefore, light rays impinging on such an optical component, such as Lambert (Lambertschen) The light of the radiator emits mainly at a defined angle (wide angle of incidence) relative to the optical axis of the optical component.

A majority is understood to mean a luminous flux of at least 30% of the total luminous flux impinging on the optical component.

The light preferably comprises visible light, special white light or colored light, but, alternatively or additionally, can comprise infrared light and/or ultraviolet light, for example.

Therefore, it should generally be understood that a singular aspect of an element, such as "a", etc., can also include a plural number of elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

The device enables sharp images, for example with sharp light-dark boundaries, in a simultaneously very compact and brightly radiating structure. Furthermore, this can be achieved in that the regularity between the image sharpness and the dimensioning of the pure lens system (optical expansion) can be taken care of by using reflectors. At the same time, the separation of the optical system from the light source ensures that the optical system will not be damaged due to excessive luminous flux density or temperature. Damage due to incident light is particularly noticeable for optical components made of plastic, since these can tarnish due to incident light and the service life of the module is thus reduced. The spacing also allows simple scalability of the system, for example adaptation to different numbers of light sources. Clear light-to-dark transitions, especially in target areas, can be advantageously used, for example, in signaling technology, street lighting, automotive lighting, commercial space lighting (so-called “shop lighting”), building lighting and the like.

In order to obtain a high brightness, in particular at the same time with a clear light-dark boundary, the optical component is preferably designed and arranged for this purpose to guide the majority of the light incident by the light source onto the reflector. An overwhelming majority is understood to mean a luminous flux of more than 50% of the total luminous flux impinging on the optical component.

For this purpose, it is particularly preferred that at least 60%, particularly preferably at least 70%, of the light incident on the optical system by the light source is directed to the reflector. The remainder is then typically emitted directly by the optical system in the module.

Preferably, at least 90%, but preferably more than 95%, of the amount of light emitted by the at least one light source is incident on the optical component. The remainder can preferably be incident directly on the reflector, or can radiate directly outward.

It is also preferred for the lighting module in which the optical components are designed and arranged for this purpose to emit no more than 30% of the maximum light intensity (height of the maximum light intensity) along the optical axis, in particular no more than 20% of the maximum light intensity. % of light.

The light sources can also be individually shaped and controlled light sources or groups of such light sources. Preferably, at least one light source, preferably a plurality of light sources, is mounted on at least one support element; thus the illumination intensity is scalable and a particularly compact construction is obtained when a plurality of light sources are grouped together.

The carrier element preferably has a plurality of light sources in especially rectangular (matrix-like) groups of light sources, for example in a matrix configuration 1×2, 1×3, 2×2, 2×3, 3×3, etc. middle. This configuration allows high optical power to be installed over a narrow area.

The lighting module can preferably be such that a plurality of light sources emit light of the same color, in particular white light, in the lighting module.

A lighting module can be preferred in which at least two light sources emit light of different colors from one another, in particular if the light sources generate a white mixed light. It is therefore preferred to use light sources in combinations of RGB (eg RGB, RGGB, RRGB, RGBB, etc.), or additionally to have a yellow ("tan") hue in order to produce "warm" white tones. In the case of six light sources, for example, the combination RGGBAA can be preferred.

Particularly preferably, the light source is designed as a light-emitting diode, LED. Here, the kind of LED is not limited, and can include, for example, inorganic LEDs or organic LEDs (OLEDs). Surface-mounted LEDs ("Surface Mounted LEDs") or chip arrays based on Chip-On-Board or equivalent processes are preferably used.

As an alternative to the use of light-emitting diodes, for example, laser diodes or other compact light sources can also be used.

In order to reduce thermal and radiation loads, preference is given to a lighting module in which the light entrance surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged at a distance of at least 2.5 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, from the surface of the light source. As the distance increases, the load on the optical components is further reduced, therefore distances greater than 5 mm are preferred over smaller distances.

The lighting module is also preferably in which the entrance surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged at a distance from the surface of the light source which corresponds at least to the largest linear dimension of the light source and/or group of light sources , in particular corresponds to at least twice the largest linear dimension of the light source and/or group of light sources. In this case, the maximum distance between two points lying on the outer contour of the LED or LED group is considered to be the largest linear dimension. The configuration according to the invention also achieves a sufficient distance between the lens and the LED, regardless of the absolute size of the LED, in order to ensure the function of the lens even during long-term operation.

In addition, the lighting module is preferably such that, in the lighting module, the incident surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged at a distance from the surface of the LED which is at least four times the diameter of the light incident surface of the optical component. One-third, in particular at least one third of the diameter of the light entry surface of the optical component. This ensures that the thermal stress on the lens is reliably reduced independently of the absolute size of the lens and that no thermal blockage occurs between the LED and the lens.

Furthermore, the lighting module is preferably in which the entrance surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged at a distance of at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, from the surface of the light source. This ensures that the radiation emitted by the LED reaches the lens with as little loss as possible, and also achieves a compact construction.

Furthermore, the lighting module is preferably in which the entrance surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged at a distance from the surface of the light source which at most corresponds to the maximum linear Eight times the size, preferably at most five times the largest linear dimension of the light source and/or group of light sources. This also ensures that the radiation emitted by the LEDs reaches the lens in a sufficiently concentrated manner regardless of the absolute size of the LEDs or groups of LEDs, and a compact construction results.

It is also preferred for the lighting module that, in the lighting module, the incident surface of the optical component facing the light source is arranged to have a certain distance from the surface of the LED, the distance at most corresponds to twice the diameter of the light incident surface of the optical component Half, especially at most, corresponds to the diameter of the light entrance surface of the optical component. This ensures a compact design with good light output.

The distance refers to the distance (height distance) along a defined axis such as a coordinate axis, or preferably also the shortest distance between the radiation surface of the light source and the light entry surface of the optical component. The coordinate axis is then preferably that axis which represents the mounting position between the light source and the light component.

The optical component is usually an optical component characterized by a wide beam angle, in particular a light-transmissive optical component, such as a lens or a diffraction grating, but can also be designed as a light-impermeable optical component, such as a reflector. Combinations with a plurality of arbitrary such optical components are also possible.

It is particularly preferred for a lighting module in which the optical component comprises at least one lens. In particular, a lens configuration with a minimized total reflection is permitted, which leads to a lower sensitivity of the optical system to manufacturing tolerances and to misalignment due to the low total reflection.

In the lighting module, preferably, in the lighting module, at least one surface of the lens has an aspherical shape.

It can also be preferred for the lighting module that in the lighting module at least one surface of the lens has a rotationally symmetrical shape.

Furthermore, it can be preferred for the lighting module in which at least one surface of the lens has an elliptical free form (“spline”).

Furthermore, it can be preferred for the lighting module in which the light entry surface of the lens has a concave groove (“dome”).

However, it is also possible to preferably use a diffraction grating as the optical member.

The optical member can also include reflective surfaces, such as a tapered reflector at the top.

For simple and inexpensive production, it is advantageous if the optical component is formed from a transparent polymer as substrate. Also in the case of complex shapes, polymer materials allow simple and cost-effective molding, in which lenses the advantages of the invention have a particularly pronounced effect. However, optical components made of glass can also be preferred. Combinations of optical components made of plastic and/or glass are also possible.

Often a single optical component can be used, or a plurality of cooperating optical components can be used, which has been used to achieve a wide-angle emission characteristic.

The reflector is preferably located in the beam path of maximum light intensity.

In order to achieve a high luminous flux, the reflector preferably surrounds the light source, in particular the light source and the optical system, from all sides perpendicular to the optical axis or main radiation direction. Luminous flux and efficiency are increased because each ray radiating sideways can be focused along the lens or radiating direction.

In order to easily produce the desired reflective geometry and high luminous intensity, it is preferred for a lighting module in which at least one reflective (partial) surface or sector, for example an end face, has at least two facets.

Advantageously, at least one sector of the reflector has at least 6, preferably between 8 and 20, in particular 10, facets. The faceting leads to a homogenization of the illumination intensity and a color distribution, since the images of different regions of different LEDs of an LED chip or LED group can be superimposed.

In particular, in order to achieve a clear light-dark boundary while simultaneously illuminating the target area as uniformly as possible, it is preferred that at least one reflective surface or sector of the reflector is provided with facets, so that each facet, in particular all facets The surface-reflected light beams overlap as much as possible over the target area or sub-area of the reflector. The desired target area or defined sector of the reflector is thus preferably always completely covered by the plurality of light beams emitted by the facet. As a result, not only a plurality of light cones that do not completely overlap are emitted into the target region, so that the influence of manufacturing tolerances and radiation transitions is also excluded as much as possible.

It is especially advantageous for the illumination of rectangular target areas when the reflector has a rectangular basic shape in plan view, wherein the two shorter reflector sides do not have facets and the two longer reflector sides The side faces of the reflector each have a plurality of facets.

It is advantageous if the reflective surface of the reflector has an elliptical or parabolic basic shape in cross section, with or without interposed facets.

It is also advantageous if the reflector is substantially formed from a substrate with good thermal conductivity, in particular aluminum. Thus, the reflector can additionally be used for heat dissipation of the light source.

It is advantageous if the lighting module and/or the optical component has a rotationally symmetrical lighting pattern.

However, it can also be advantageous if the lighting module has a mirror-symmetrical lighting pattern.

However, it can also be advantageous if the lighting module has an asymmetrical lighting pattern.

Particularly preferably, the lighting module has a carrier element with one or more light sources, an optical component and a reflector. Alternatively, the lighting module can also have, for example, a plurality of carrier elements each with one or more light sources and a plurality of optical components, for example in combination with in particular, but not necessarily substantially identically constructed, carrier elements and optical system group.

The lighting device has at least one lighting module as described above, in particular a plurality of lighting modules. The advantage of this lighting device is that it can be designed simply and does not have complex adjustments. It is particularly advantageous that the planar configuration of the lighting module can also be used for cylindrical images, thereby simplifying heat management or heat management and allowing a high degree of design freedom in the lighting device housing.

It is particularly preferred for the lighting device to have a plurality of lighting modules in a matrix configuration, for example in a linear (1×n) or rectangular (n×m, where n, m>1) matrix configuration. In general, however, the configuration of the modules can be designed arbitrarily, for example also circular, oval or irregular. Modules of identical or different design can be used simultaneously.

Lighting devices, in particular lighting devices with clearly defined light and dark features, can be used particularly preferably as lighting devices for spot lighting, signal lighting or street lighting.

In the lighting method, the majority of the light emitted by at least one light source onto an optical system arranged at a distance therefrom is directed towards the reflector, wherein the light emitted by the optical system has a radiation characteristic with a wide angle of incidence.

Description of drawings

In the following figures, the invention is schematically and precisely described by means of an exemplary embodiment. In this case, identical or identically acting elements are provided with the same reference symbols for better clarity.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a lighting device;

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the lighting device in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 shows a polar plot of the light intensity distribution normalized according to the maximum light intensity for a lens with a wide beam angle;

Figure 4 shows an enlarged partial view of Figure 2;

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of another embodiment of the lighting device.

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 shows a lighting module 1 having a combination of at least one light source (not shown) and an optical component in the form of a lens 2 arranged downstream from the light source at a distance. Furthermore, the lighting module 1 has a reflector 3 arranged downstream of the lens 2 and also has a connecting printed circuit board 4 for fixing the light source and a main printed circuit board for fixing the lens 2, the reflector 3 and the connecting printed circuit board 4 5. Arranged downstream here means that at least a part of the light emitted by the (at least one) light source is directly or indirectly projected onto the lens 2 or projected from the lens 2 onto the reflector 3 . The lens 2 and the reflector 3 are thus arranged, at least partially connected continuously, in the beam path of the light emitted by the at least one light source.

In this case, the lens 2 is designed and arranged in such a way that it has a wide-angle emission characteristic and guides the reflector 3 for a substantial proportion (>50%) of the light incident by the light source. This means here that the maximum light intensity does not lie on the optical axis O of the lens 2 or of the lens 2 combined with the light source. A possible emission pattern for a wide-angle LED lens system is precisely shown in FIG. 3 . In particular, the light beam with the maximum light intensity impinges on the reflector 3 . Only a small fraction (<50%) of the light rays impinging on the lens 2 is emitted directly from the lighting module 1 .

In this embodiment, the reflector 3 or its reflective surface is equipped with reflector parts (facets) 3a extending in the width direction (x direction) on two opposite long sides, said reflector parts extending in the height direction (x direction) z direction) are connected to each other and each have a concave surface shape. Each of the 10 reflector parts 3 a, of which only three 3 a - 1 , 3 a - 9 , 3 a - 10 are provided with a reference number for reasons of clarity, is inclined relative to the other reflector parts 3 a about the x-axis. The shorter reflector sides are provided with smooth surfaces without facets. The shape of the reflector 3 is asymmetrical with respect to the (x,z) plane, and instead the reflector 3 is inclined to one side, so that the main emission direction of the lighting module 1 is inclined relative to the optical axis O. The reflector 3 is made of aluminum alloy so that it can be used for heat dissipation of the light source. On the inside (reflecting surface), the reflector is provided with a suitable reflective coating.

By means of the use of this lighting module 1 , a highly uniformly illuminated target area can be achieved in a compact and simple manner, which furthermore allows for a change between different illuminated areas or with respect to an unilluminated area (brightness). High border definition of dark border). In particular the regularity between the image sharpness and the dimensioning of the pure lens system (optical expansion) is dealt with by using the reflector 3 . Clear light-to-dark transitions in target areas are desired especially in the fields of signaling, street lighting, automotive lighting, commercial lighting and building lighting.

For simple assembly, drilled holes 6 for passing fastening elements such as screws are provided on the main printed circuit board.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through the center of the lens 2 of the lighting device 1 from FIG. 1 in a sectional plane parallel to the (y,z) plane. The two longitudinal walls of the reflector 3 running in the x-direction are shaped or arranged asymmetrically with respect to the optical axis O passing through the lens 2 . Conversely, if one of the walls of the reflector 3 (in this figure the left side wall) deviates considerably from the optical axis O and thus has a wider opening in relation thereto, while the other side of the reflector 3 ( Here: the right side) is arranged narrower next to the optical axis O and therefore encloses a smaller opening angle with this optical axis. Therefore, the light emitted by the lens 2 is emitted especially to the left, and since the lens 2 has a certain width to emit most of the light rays projected on the lens by the light source 7, most of the light rays emitted by the light source 6 are also projected on the reflector. 3, as precisely explained with reference to FIG. 4 . Due to the structure 3a of the reflector surface, the partial light beams of the respective facets 3a (the facets are here only provided with reference numerals for the left-hand reflector side, and there also only partly are provided with reference numerals) are exhausted. Coincidence is possible, thereby homogenizing the intensity and color of the illumination on the target surface. the

的情况下标准化的光强度分布(相当于140°的透镜张角)的用于可能的广射角的透镜的极坐标图，所述透镜借助于一组六个表面装配的LED照射。Figure 3 shows the angle according to the maximum light intensity at

Polar plot of the normalized light intensity distribution (corresponding to a lens opening angle of 140°) for a possible wide beam angle lens illuminated by means of a set of six surface-mounted LEDs.

Typically, the LED light sources used here as such (for example LED chips) have a substantially Lambertian emission characteristic. Firstly, the radiation characteristic with a wide beam angle is realized by the lens arranged downstream. In the configuration shown, the light intensity in the direction on the optical axis is only 25% of the maximum light intensity. Consequently, light emission essentially occurs only at a sharp angle relative to the optical axis (0°), ie between approximately 35° and 80°, in particular between 50° and 80°. However, the opening angle can also be designed to be larger or smaller. Nor does the opening angle need to be arranged symmetrically with respect to the optical axis of the light source. Furthermore, the opening angle can be flared differently in the circumferential direction, for example in the manner of 120°×80°.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial view of FIG. 2 in the region of the lens 2 , which is made of a transparent polymer material as in the prior art. The lens 2 is inserted into a corresponding slot or hole 9 of the main printed circuit board 5 by means of integrally formed legs 8 for connection to the main printed circuit board 5 . The six light sources 7 , two of which are shown here, are white light-emitting LEDs surface-mounted on the upper support element 10 . The carrier element 10 is in particular formed as a circuit board on which six LEDs 7 are arranged in two rows of three rectangular individual LED chips 7 each (2×3 matrix configuration), so that Overall configuration of a rectangle with side lengths of about 3 mm in the longitudinal direction and about 2 mm in the transverse direction. The carrier element 10 is mounted on a connecting printed circuit board 4 which, on the other hand, is connected to the main printed circuit board by means of screw connections 11 .

The LED 7 radiates its light mainly onto the underside of the lens 2 (light entry surface). Only <5% passes through the bottom of the lens 2 and radiates directly onto the reflector 3 . The light entry face of the lens 2 has cavities or grooves (“domes”) 12 forming a concave shape, for example parabolic or elliptical. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the light entry surface corresponds substantially to the surface of the dome 12 . From the entrance face or dome 12, the light beam is directed through the lens 2 towards the upper surface of the lens from which the light beam radiates with a certain width. The lens 2 ensures that 70% of the power emitted by the light source 7 is supplied to the reflector 3 . Only for better clarity, the electrical wires required for operating the lighting device and, if necessary, the electronic components are not shown here.

The lens 2 is arranged in particular at a distance of approximately 8 mm from the light-emitting diode group 7 . The distance of the lens 2 from the LED group 7 is therefore more than twice the largest linear dimension of the LED group 7 , which in this case is the diagonal of a rectangular-shaped configuration with approximately 3.6 mm. An excessively large distance between the lens 2 and the LED 7 should be avoided since, although the thermal load on the lens 2 is thus further reduced, the construction is then very large. In commonly used assemblies, a maximum distance of 20 mm or approximately 5 times the maximum linear extent of the LED group 7 has proven suitable.

The lens 2 has a diameter of approximately 17 mm. Therefore, the radiation entrance face 12 of the lens 2 is arranged at a distance from the surface of the LED 7 which is greater than one-third of the diameter of the radiation entrance face of the lens 2 , in this example even corresponding to a diameter of the radiation entrance face of the lens. about half the diameter. The excessively large distance between lens 2 and LED 7 requires a very large lens diameter in order to obtain the same size ratio of light emitted by lens 2 as in the case of lens 2 in the vicinity of LED 7 . However, this increases the manufacturing effort and the module 1 becomes very large and not portable. It has proven to be advantageous if the distance between the radiation entrance area of the lens 2 and the LED 2 is selected to be smaller than the lens diameter.

The outer annular beveled side 13 of the lens 2 is designed such that a minimal total reflection of the lens 2 is achieved, which on the other hand leads to a lower sensitivity and misalignment of the lens 2 with respect to manufacturing tolerances.

In this FIG. 4 , the mentioned distances correspond to the shortest distance of the LED 7 from the lens 2 .

5 shows a simplified top view of another embodiment of an illumination device 14 in which three groups of light sources and associated wide-angle lenses 15 surrounded by a common reflector 3 are arranged on the main on the printed circuit board 5. Each group with a combination of one or more light sources and a lens 15 with a common wide angle of refraction has the same basic components, for example an elliptically formed lens 15, wherein but here the lens 15 is in (x, y ) orientation in the plane is different. Therefore, two adjacent lenses 15 are offset from each other by 45° in the x, y planes. It is also possible, not clearly shown in this FIG. 5 , that the optical axes of the lenses 15 are angularly offset from one another, in this embodiment for example with respect to the z-axis, so that for example with the combined light source and lens 15 The upper set is inclined with respect to the x-axis at a certain angle, the optical axis of the middle set coincides with the z-axis, and the ray axis of the lower set is inclined with respect to the z-axis by the same angle as that of the upper set , but in another direction, here for example in the opposite direction.

It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

Instead of the use of light-emitting diodes or LED chips, it is therefore also possible to use any other suitable light source, for example a laser diode, as light source.

When light-emitting diodes are used, inorganic light-emitting diodes can be used, for example based on InGaAlP or AlInGaP or InGaN, but also based on AlGaAs, GaAlAs, GaAsP, GaP, SiC, ZnSe, InGaN/GaN, CuPb, etc., or OLEDs can be used, for example. It is particularly advantageous to use ThinGaN technology. Different construction types can also be used, such as surface-mounted LEDs.

A light source capable of radiating with the same color. Such a light source emitting light of the same color can be a light source emitting polychromatic light or monochromatic light. In particular, white-illuminated light sources can be used, such as white-blue illuminated LEDs equipped with a phosphor, in which the phosphor converts part of the wavelengths of the blue light emitted by the LED into yellow light, so that overall a white mixed light is obtained . Alternatively, it is conceivable to use UV-LEDs in combination with wavelength converting materials which convert the UV light of the LED as completely as possible into visible light, especially white light. However, other color combinations are also possible, in particular for producing white light. As white light, in particular "hard" or "soft" white can be produced.

As light sources, individual light sources or combinations of several light sources are conceivable, for example groups of several light sources, for example groups of LED chips. The associated light sources of the group, especially the associated light sources of the LED group, can be of different colors from each other, and white light can be obtained by color mixing. In particular, an LED cluster consisting of individual light sources (RGB) emitting red, green and blue light is conceivable. Here, one or more LEDs can be used per color, eg depending on the desired chromaticity. The light sources, especially LEDs, can also be doped with other colors, for example yellow or amber LEDs. The light intensity of the light source is preferably adjustable, eg dimmable, eg by adjusting the current supplied to the light source.

In particular a lens such as an ARGUS lens can be used as an optical system allowing a radiation characteristic of a wide angle of incidence. However, in order to allow a broad radiation characteristic, even when this is not preferred for reasons of low cost and simple assembly, a combination of multiple lenses is possible. Overall, it is possible that a smaller portion of the light emitted with a certain width is not reflected by the reflector.

In general, the combination of light sources, optical systems and, if necessary, reflectors with a wide beam angle can allow rotationally symmetrical, mirror-symmetrical and/or asymmetrical light distribution patterns.

In general, the reflective surface of the reflector can be structured or unstructured. As a structuring, in particular different facet regions can be provided on the reflective surface, which, in addition to their longitudinal extent, also have, for example, a shape limited to two dimensions, for example a square or rectangular shape.

In general, a plurality of groups can also be provided, each having a combination of light sources and optical systems with wide beam angles, which groups can generally have a common reflector or reflective surface. The optical axes of the respective groups can be offset and/or tilted relative to one another. It is also possible that the shape of the radiation pattern and/or its size differ in different groups. It is also conceivable to form the components in rows or in any desired planar pattern, for example a rotationally symmetrical planar pattern with or without intermediate groups.

It is generally possible to couple a plurality of such illuminants, if desired, with other illuminants to form a luminaire.

list of reference signs

1 lighting module

2 lenses

3 reflectors

4 Connect the printed circuit board

5 main printed circuit board

6 leads

7 light source

8 legs

9 holes

10 supports

11 screws/screw holes

12 domes

13 total reflective surface

14 lighting modules

15 lenses

h Installation distance

Claims (as amended under Article 19 of the Treaty)

1. A lighting module (1; 14) having:

- at least one light source (7);

- at least one lens (2; 15) arranged at a distance from said light source (7);

- at least one reflector (3);

● wherein said lens (2; 15) is constructed and arranged for this purpose, has a radiation characteristic with a wide angle of incidence, and directs a part of the light incident by said light source (7) onto said reflector (3), wherein Said portion is at least 30%.

2. The lighting module (1; 14) according to claim 1, in which the optical component (2; 15) is constructed and arranged for this purpose, to be provided by the light source ( 7) The overwhelming majority of the incident light rays are directed onto the reflector (3).

3. The lighting module (1; 14) according to claim 1 or 2, in which said optical component (2; 15) is constructed and arranged for this purpose, to be formed by said At least 60%, in particular at least 70%, of the incident light from the light source (7) is directed onto the reflector (3).

4. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the optical component (2; 15) is constructed and arranged for this purpose, along No more than 30%, especially no more than 20% of the maximum light intensity is emitted along the optical axis (O).

5. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one light source (7) is mounted on at least one support element (10) , wherein the carrier element (10) has a plurality of light sources (7) in an especially rectangular group of light sources (7).

6. The lighting module (1; 14) according to claim 5, in the lighting module (1; 14), the plurality of light sources (7) emit light of the same color, especially white light.

7. The lighting module (1; 14) according to claim 5, in which at least two light sources emit light of mutually different colors.

8. The lighting module (1; 14) according to claim 7, in which the light source produces a white mixed light

9. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the at least one light source (7) is formed as a light emitting diode, LED.

10. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) The light incident surface of the light source is arranged to have a distance of at least 2.5 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, from the surface of the light source (7).

11. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the lighting module (1; 14) the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) The light incident surface of the light source is arranged to have a certain distance from the surface of the light source (7), said distance is at least equivalent to the largest linear dimension of the light source (7) and/or light source group, especially at least equivalent to the light source (7) ) and/or twice the largest linear dimension of the light source group.

12. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the lighting module (1; 14) the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) The light entrance surface of the optical component (2; 15) is arranged to have a certain distance from the surface of the light source (7), said distance being at least equivalent to a quarter of the diameter of the light entrance surface of the optical component (2; 15), in particular At least corresponds to one third of the diameter of the light entrance face of the optical component (2; 15).

13. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the lighting module (1; 14) the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) Said light entrance surface of said light source (7) is arranged to have a minimum distance of at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, from said surface of said light source (7).

14. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the lighting module (1; 14) the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) Said light incident surface of said light source (7) is arranged to have a minimum distance from said surface of said light source (7), said minimum distance being at most equivalent to said light source (7) and/or said light source (7) group's largest Eight times the linear dimension, preferably at most corresponds to five times the largest linear dimension of the light source (7) and/or the group of light sources (7).

15. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the lighting module (1; 14) the side of the optical member (2; 15) facing the light source (7) The light entrance surface of the optical component (2; 15) is arranged to have a minimum distance from the surface of the light source (7), said minimum distance corresponding to at most one and a half times the diameter of the light entrance surface of the optical component (2; 15), in particular is a diameter corresponding at most to the light incident surface of the optical member (2; 15).

16. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one face of the lens (2; 15) has an aspherical shape .

17. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one face of the lens (2; 15) has an elliptical free shape.

18. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the light incident surface of the lens (2; 15) has a concave groove (12), especially corresponds to such a groove.

19. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, in which said optical member comprises a diffractive grating.

20. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one reflective surface of the reflector (3) is structured, in particular It is faceted, wherein said at least one reflective surface of said reflector (3) is provided with facets (3a) such that light beams reflected by a plurality, especially all facets (3a) completely overlap.

21. The lighting module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one reflective surface of the reflector (3) is structured, in particular faceted, wherein the reflective The device ( 3 ) has a rectangular basic shape, in which the two shorter sides have no facets and the two longer sides each have a plurality of facets ( 3 a ).

22. The lighting module according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the reflective surface of the reflector (3) has a basic shape which is elliptical or parabolic in cross section.

23. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, having a rotationally symmetrical light distribution pattern.

24. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of claims 1 to 22, said lighting module (1; 14) having a mirror-symmetrical light distribution pattern.

25. The lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of claims 1 to 22, said lighting module (1; 14) having an asymmetrical light distribution pattern.

26. The lighting module (14) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, having a plurality of groups each consisting of at least one (7) and an optical component (15) arranged downstream, Wherein a common reflector (3) is arranged downstream of said plurality of groups (7, 15).

27. The lighting module (14) according to claim 26, in which said optical members are lenses (15) having different orientations.

28. The lighting module (14) according to claim 27, in which the optical components are lenses (15), the optical axes of the lenses (15) being angularly offset from each other.

29. A lighting device with at least one lighting module (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular with a plurality of lighting modules (1; 14) according to any one of the preceding claims 14).

30. The lighting device as claimed in claim 29, having a plurality of lighting modules (1; 14) in a matrix configuration.

31. A lighting device as claimed in any one of claims 29 or 30 which produces a sharp light-dark boundary within a target area.

32. The lighting device as claimed in any one of claims 29 to 31, which is designed as a lighting device for street lighting.

33. A lighting method, in which at least 30% of the light rays emitted by at least one light source (7) onto an optical component (2; 15) arranged at a distance therefrom, preferably absolutely Most of them are directed to the reflector (3), wherein the light emitted by the optical component has a radiation characteristic of a wide angle of incidence.

Claims (35)

1. lighting module (1; 14), have:

● at least one light source (7);

● at least one optical component (2; 15), it is arranged to have certain distance with described light source (7);

● at least one reflector (3);

● wherein said optical component (2; 15) constitute for this reason and be arranged to, have the radioactive nature of wide projection angle, and will be directed on the described reflector (3) by the part of the light of described light source (7) incident, wherein said part is at least 30%.

2. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 1; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) constitute for this reason and be arranged to, will be directed on the described reflector (3) by the overwhelming majority of the light of described light source (7) incident.

3. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 1 or 2; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) constitute for this reason and be arranged to, will be by at least 60% of the light of described light source (7) incident, especially at least 70%, be directed on the described reflector (3).

4. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) constitute for this reason and be arranged to, radiate along optical axial (O) and be no more than 30% of maximum light intensity, especially be no more than 20% light.

5. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, at least one light source (7) is installed at least one bearing element (10), and wherein said bearing element (10) has a plurality of light sources (7) in the group of the especially rectangle of being made up of light source (7).

6. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 5; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described a plurality of light sources (7) radiate same coloured light, especially white light.

7. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 5; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, the light of at least two light source radiation different colors from one another.

8. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 7; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described light source produces the mixed light of white

9. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described at least one light source (7) constitutes light emitting diode, LED.

10. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, and has 2.5mm at least with the surface of described light source (7), preferably the distance of 5mm at least.

11. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, has certain distance with the surface of described light source (7), described distance is equivalent to the linear dimension of the maximum of light source (7) and/or light source group at least, is equivalent to the twice of linear dimension of the maximum of described light source (7) and/or described light source group especially at least.

12. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, and has certain distance with the surface of described light source (7), and described distance is equivalent to described optical component (2 at least; / 4th of a diameter of described light entrance face 15) is equivalent to described optical component (2 especially at least; / 3rd of a diameter of described light entrance face 15).

13. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the described light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, and has maximum 30mm with the described surface of described light source (7), preferably the minimum range of maximum 20mm.

14. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the described light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, has minimum range with the described surface of described light source (7), described minimum range maximum is equivalent to the octuple of linear dimension of the maximum of described light source (7) and/or described light source (7) group, and preferably maximum is equivalent to five times of linear dimension of the maximum of described light source (7) and/or described light source (7) group.

15. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component (2; 15) the light entrance face towards described light source (7) is arranged to, and has minimum range with the surface of described light source (7), and described minimum range maximum is equivalent to described optical component (2; The half as much again of the diameter of described light entrance face 15), especially maximum are equivalent to described optical component (2; The diameter of described light entrance face 15).

16. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component is lens (2; 15).

17. lighting module (1 as claimed in claim 16; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described lens (2; 15) at least one mask has aspheric shape.

18. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 16 to 17; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, at least one mask of described lens has oval-shaped free shape.

19. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 16 to 18; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described lens (2; 15) light entrance face has the groove (12) of spill, especially is equivalent to such groove.

20. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 1 to 15; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component comprises diffraction grating.

21. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 1 to 15; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, described optical component comprises the reflecting surface of reflection.

22. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), at described lighting module (1; 14) in, at least one reflecting surface of described reflector (3) is especially worn into faceted pebble by structuring, and described at least one reflecting surface of wherein said reflector (3) is provided with faceted pebble (3a), make that especially all faceted pebbles (3a) beam reflected is overlapping fully by a plurality of.

23. each described lighting module in the claim as described above, in described lighting module, at least one reflecting surface of described reflector (3) is by structuring, especially wear into faceted pebble, wherein said reflector (3) has the basic configuration of rectangle, in described basic configuration, two shorter side do not have faceted pebble, and two long sides have a plurality of faceted pebbles (3a) respectively.

24. each described lighting module in the claim as described above, in described lighting module, the reflecting surface of described reflector (3) has be oval or parabolic basic configuration in cross section.

25. each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), described lighting module (1; 14) has rotational symmetric smooth distribution patterns.

26. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 1 to 24; 14), described lighting module (1; 14) has the light distribution patterns of minute surface symmetry.

27. as each described lighting module (1 in the claim 1 to 24; 14), described lighting module (1; 14) has asymmetric smooth distribution patterns.

28. each described lighting module (14) in the claim as described above, described lighting module (14) has respectively by at least one (7) and is arranged on a plurality of groups that the optical component (15) in downstream is formed, and wherein common reflector (3) is arranged on the downstream of described a plurality of groups (7,15).

29. lighting module as claimed in claim 28 (14), in described lighting module (14), described optical component is to have different directed lens (15).

30. lighting module as claimed in claim 29 (14), in described lighting module (14), described optical component is lens (15), and the optical axial of described lens (15) is in angular deflection.

31. a lighting apparatus has at least one each described lighting module (1 in the claim as described above; 14), especially has each described lighting module (1 in a plurality of claims as described above; 14).

32. lighting apparatus as claimed in claim 31, described lighting apparatus have a plurality of lighting modules (1 in matrix construction; 14).

33. as each described lighting apparatus in claim 31 or 32, described lighting apparatus produces clearly bright dark side circle in the target area.

34. as each described lighting apparatus in the claim 31 to 33, described lighting apparatus is designed for the lighting apparatus of street lighting.

35. a means of illumination in described means of illumination, will be transmitted into the optical component (2 that is provided with separatedly with it by at least one light source (7); 15) at least 30% of glazed thread part, preferably the overwhelming majority is pointed to reflector (3), and the wherein said light that is radiated by described optical component has the radioactive nature of wide projection angle.

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