A kind of hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology for domestic garbage
Technical field:
The present invention relates to hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology for domestic garbage, belong to the technology of garbage disposal field.
Background technology:
Current, urban garbage disposal has been emphasis and the difficult point in the urban construction, the on the one hand uncertainty and the complexity of domestic waste component, the secondary pollution problem in processing procedure on the other hand, existing processing method mainly contains: landfill, compost, burning.The nature garbage loading embeading, country has worked out corresponding standard, mainly be to the garbage loading embeading process antiseep, ooze that drop liquid is handled, foul smell is handled and made corresponding requirements, acceleration along with urbanization process, the quantity amplification of domestic waste is very big, the addressing of refuse landfill is more and more difficult, above-mentioned treatment process be mainly used in quantity of refuse less, also have cities and towns of landfill condition; Compost treatment needs the long processing time, take a large amount of soils, and the component that can not degrade in composting process is difficult to handle, and this treatment process is used seldom at present; The raw refuse burning process, it is technology from external introduction, be applicable to the processing of the domestic waste that calorific value is higher relatively, and the domestic waste component complexity of present China, calorific value is relatively low, and with a large amount of changing food wastes, the domestic waste of this component is in the process of burning, do not take certain ancillary fabrication method, be difficult to control its incineration temperature, can not guarantee the qualified discharge of flue gas.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art and provide a kind of degraded fully, resource circulation utilization and heat supply generating, guarantee the qualified discharge of flue gas, waste water etc., the compost utilization of degraded back, ferrous metal is recycled, and realizes a kind of hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology for domestic garbage of innoxious, minimizing, resource.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: a kind of hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology for domestic garbage is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) magnetic separation: original domestic waste is carried out magnetic separation remove magnetisable material, and sort out bulk rubbish;
(2) wet separating: the rubbish after the above-mentioned processing is sent into digestion instrument degrade fast, feed saturated vapor, by temperature-detecting device and pressure detection means detected temperatures and pressure, make the temperature in the digestion instrument be controlled at 110 ℃-130 ℃, pressure is controlled at 0.5-1Mpa, retention time was at 60-100 minute, before reaching said temperature, keep the draining valve of digestion instrument to open, get rid of formed condensed water of condensed steam and rubbish digestion solution, close draining valve after arriving temperature, thing is cleared up in discharging, and the waste water that digestion process produces is sent into water treatment facilities, and the rubbish after clearing up is sent into screening installation;
(3) sorting: the rubbish after clearing up sub-elects the combustible that does not have degraded, the nutrition soil and the ferrous metal of having degraded by screening installation;
(4) burning: the combustible that sorts out is burned, and the steam part that burning produces is separated saturated steam use in the process as wetting, and a part is used for heat supply or generating;
(5) flue gas is handled: burn the flue gas that produces and handle through smoke processing system, adopt alkaline process depickling equipment to remove sour gas such as sulphur in the flue gas, chlorine and adopt harmful substances such as heavy metal, dioxin in the charcoal absorption equipment absorption flue gas, adopt the dust in the fiber bag precipitator removal flue gas, flue gas is qualified discharge after treatment;
(6) slag treatment: will burn that the slag that the back produces is used to pave the way, brickmaking or as the landfill yard overburden soil;
(7) compost treatment of nutrition soil: the nutrition soil of having degraded after the sorting is carried out compost treatment, be used for loosing soil or make various compoiste fertilizers;
(8) ferrous metal is recycled: the ferrous metal after the sorting is recycled;
(9) wastewater treatment: the wet waste water that produces in the process of separating, carry out wastewater treatment through water treatment facilities, remove pollutants such as COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, suspension in the waste water, qualified discharge.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, describedly wetly separate that the temperature in the digestion instrument is controlled at 120 ℃ in the step, pressure is controlled at 0.8Mpa, and the retention time was at 80 minutes.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, described the combustible that sorts out to be burned, fire box temperature is controlled at 850~950 ℃, burns the steam part that produces and separates as wet that saturated steam uses in the process, and a part is used for heat supply or generating.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, described with the nutrition soil employing aerobic compost of having degraded after the sorting, use every day turner turning one to secondary, 8-12 days compost of process can be finished and become thoroughly decomposed, the nutrition soil that became thoroughly decomposed reaches agricultural fertile standard through further sorting process again, is used for loosing soil or adds element-specific and make various compoiste fertilizers.
The present invention can produce following good effect compared with the prior art: domestic waste hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology of the present invention, it is a kind of New-type refuse vehicle treatment process that integrated treatment is not classified, carried out to China's domestic waste that adapts to, main processes is that original domestic waste is at first degraded to rubbish fast by digesting equipment, reach the effect of deodorizing, sterilization, expanded, dehydration, particularly the meal kitchen part in the rubbish has obtained sufficient degraded, the waste water that produces is handled the back qualified discharge through water treatment facilities; The rubbish of degradation treatment sub-elects the combustible that does not have degraded, the nutrition soil and the ferrous metal of having degraded by screening installation; The combustible that sorts out, compare with raw refuse, reduced water content, improved calorific value, villaumite (mainly is present in the changing food waste, in the waste incineration process, easily producing pernicious gases such as dioxin) content reduces greatly, guaranteed that combustible fire box temperature in burning process reduces the probability that pernicious gas such as dioxin forms greater than the stability of 850 ℃ and burning, burns the steam that produces, except being used for wet separating the arts demand, also can be used for heat supply or generating; Burn the flue gas that produces and handle the back qualified discharge through fume treatment auxiliary.The native compost treatment of passing through in short-term of the nutrition of having degraded can be used for loosing soil or the interpolation element-specific is made various compoiste fertilizers; Ferrous metal is recycled.The characteristics of this treatment process are that 1. resource is nondegradable as combustible, burns, degradable degraded back compost utilization, ferrous metal recovery.2. reduced emission of harmful substances total amount such as De dioxin in the garbage disposal process.3. all emissions have obtained effective processing, and are through the operation of several engineering, respond well.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment: the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Embodiment: a kind of hydrothermal degradation comprehensive processing technology for domestic garbage (referring to accompanying drawing), its concrete steps are as follows:
1, magnetic separation: original domestic waste is carried out magnetic separation remove the irony magnetisable material, and sort out diameter or length bulk rubbish greater than 200mm; Raw refuse moisture content: 50-60% wherein, Lower heat value: 3300~3700 kilojoule per kilogram;
2, wet separating: the rubbish after the above-mentioned processing is sent into digestion instrument degrade fast, feed saturated vapor, by temperature-detecting device and pressure detection means detected temperatures and pressure, make the temperature in the digestion instrument be controlled at 110 ℃-130 ℃ (120 ℃ of optimum temperatures), pressure is controlled at 0.5-1Mpa (best pressure 0.8Mpa), retention time was at 60-100 minute (Best Times 80 minutes), before reaching said temperature, keep the draining valve of digestion instrument to open, get rid of formed condensed water of condensed steam and rubbish digestion solution, close draining valve after arriving temperature, thing is cleared up in discharging, the waste water that digestion process produces is sent into water treatment facilities, and the rubbish after clearing up is sent into screening installation;
3, sorting: the rubbish after clearing up sub-elects the combustible that does not have degraded, the nutrition soil and the ferrous metal of having degraded by screening installation; Wherein the quantity of combustible accounts for the 40-60% of total amount, Lower heat value: 6200~6700 kilojoule per kilogram; , moisture content:<35%; The quantity of nutrition soil accounts for the 20-30% of total amount, moisture content: 45-55%; Ferrous metal quantity accounts for the 0.3-0.5% of total amount;
4, burn: the combustible employing reciprocating machine fire grate that sorts out is burned, and fire box temperature is controlled at 850~950 ℃, and the steam part that burning produces is separated saturated steam use in the process as wetting, and a part is used for heat supply or generating;
5, flue gas is handled: burn the flue gas that produces and handle through smoke processing system, adopt alkaline process depickling equipment to remove sour gas such as sulphur in the flue gas, chlorine, adopt the harmful substances such as heavy metal, dioxin in the charcoal absorption equipment absorption flue gas, adopt the dust in the fiber bag precipitator removal flue gas, flue gas is qualified discharge after treatment;
6, slag treatment: slag is the residue after the waste incineration, because combustible calorific value height, moisture content are low, be easy to abundant burning, so the main component in the slag is MnO, SiO
2, CaO, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3Deng the material of not flammable class, stable in properties, can be used for paving the way, brickmaking or as landfill yard overburden soil etc.;
7, the compost treatment of nutrition soil: the particle diameter of the nutrition soil of having degraded after sorting is less than 20mm, moisture content is about 45-55%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20: 1~35: 1, content of organic matter 20-25%, nutrition soil is adopted aerobic compost, and every day, to secondary, general can finishing through 10 days compost become thoroughly decomposed with turner turning one, the nutrition soil that became thoroughly decomposed reaches agricultural fertile standard through further sorting process again, can be used for loosing soil or adds element-specific and make various compoiste fertilizers;
8, ferrous metal is recycled: the ferrous metal after the sorting is recycled;
9, wastewater treatment: the wet waste water that produces in the process of separating, carry out wastewater treatment through water treatment facilities, remove pollutants such as COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, suspension in the waste water, qualified discharge.