CN1018356B - Storage, transportation method for agricultural production - Google Patents

Abstract

A hermetically sealed package wherein the inside of the keeping-ownshape container is formed from a gas barrier plastic material into which an agricultural product such as rice is filled and sealed together with an inert gas provides an efficient storage and transportation system. Once the product is sealed in this package, it is handled in an integral manner from the packaging area to storage through the distribution channels to the final consumption site. A container formed from a high nitrile resin is suitable for applying the system. Keeping-ownshape characteristics is achieved by using a container formed from a gas barrier plastic material packed with an excess of an inert gas, with the amount of the inert gas adsorbed by the agricultural product taken into consideration, or by using a container made of a gas-barrier plastic material, with a smaller part of the wall being made of a film portion which is thinner than the remaining larger portion of the wall.

Description

Storage, transportation method for agricultural production

The present invention relates to be suitable for the method for farm produce storage and transportation, far products comprises cereal (for example rice and wheat) or tastes material (for example black tea), requires highly fresh and maintenance fragrance to it.

The invention still further relates to the packing, packing container and the packing that are used for storage and transportation far products (as rice).

The long term storage cereal, comprise rice, wheat, barley, oat and rye, corn or various beans and taste tealeaves and the roasting good coffee bean that material has for example been handled, have many problems, as because oxidizing action makes it stale, their taste and loss of aroma and its quality is descended owing to produce mould.

Generally, cereal is contained in the bag, as gunnysack, paper bag and plastic film bag.Yet, use the packing of this form, can not fully prevent above-mentioned quality problems.

For the storage of high-capacity warehouse, it is so-called air control storage (CAS) and vacuum storage method that common known a kind of method is arranged, in last method, owing under the gas of its composition of control, temperature and humidity, preserve, so kept fresh; And in vacuum storage, wherein keep high vacuum.Yet, using these methods, the warehouse is on a grand scale, and the proportional rise of price, and after product takes out the system that enters distribution or customer from the warehouse, can not prevent that freshness and quality from descending.

In addition, long-distance transportation has been advised storeroom is divided into small-scale chamber, and the preservation condition of each chamber has been controlled one by one.But in this case, preservation and conveying arrangement are on a grand scale, and after product takes out from storeroom, can not prevent the decline of its quality.

On the other hand, in common packing, large-scale can and bucket have been used.This is very expensive, and in addition, can not adopt the system that need not reclaim.Because they are opaque, therefore can not see inner capacities, and can not obtain from the effect of the viewpoint of design and outward appearance.

Use under the situation of conventional packing as a kind of representative cereal at rice, in final assignment process and storage, this cereal is packaged in polyethylene foil or the paper bag and sells.Especially under the situation of polythene film bag, prick some apertures and spout brokenly, and keep sack ventilative to prevent sack.Therefore, in any case when Long-term Storage rice, just problem occurred, its taste and fragrance reduce, and unusual smell occurs.In order to keep good storing property, considered to use attached aluminium film, but this will make cost increase, and, therefore cannot see the inner capacities in the bag because film has quite thick aluminium lamination, so just very inconvenient.And such sack major part is softer, so its decoration degree is destroyed in storage.

Known a kind of connecting airtight, touched the dormancy packing method, have in the sack that film of the rice of the character of absorbing carbon dioxides threading is made in a large number in high concentration carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide permeability of this film is very poor, (for example, a kind of nylon film of while biaxial orientation and polyethylene foil laminated film).After replacing air, rice is wired up, then the sack involution with highly purified carbon dioxide.Use is connected airtight and is touched the dormancy packing method, in a short time later at involution and packing, rice is flowable, after during this period of time, sack inside is stretched, and may form uneven surface configuration on the packing sack, particularly, connect airtight exactly and touch dormancy and be packaged in and show in appearance and common vacuum-packed identical type, this has prevented flowing of rice, and it becomes the lump of sealing involution bag.

In this method, when some fold surface outward appearance appears in the outside face of sack, just can not be reached for effective design of the transparency of utilizing packing.In addition,, just efficient demonstration can not be arranged on the surface of sack, and in storeroom, can not obtain effectively to show if some printing is arranged.And during the loading and unloading during transportation, storage and display, can form some little crackle, and be related to some sealing involution and may break in the part of injustice.

Therefore an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of systematization storage and transportation resources of excellence, prevent that the freshness of far products (for example cereal) and quality from reducing.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of excellence, cheap agricultural product packaging material, container and packing, be suitable for being used in the packed and transported method that need not reclaim, and, all these has prevented the freshness of far products (for example cereal) and the reduction of quality, and provides an actv. to show.

By having found that sealing involution packing has realized first purpose of the present invention, wherein, keep the inboard of the container of intrinsic shape to constitute by a kind of gas-barrier plastic material, be packed into packing in together with a kind of unreactable gas far products and seal involution.In a single day far products (for example rice) seals involution in this packing, it is to load and unload with an integral way, enters storage from the packing field, by distributing passage up to final consuming point.Save necessary extensive storage facilities and expensive container, but prevented the reduction of the freshness and the quality of far products effectively.Load and unload easily, can adopt the container that need not reclaim so that a storage and a transport systems efficiently to be provided.

Inventor of the present invention has explored the material of container and the method for shape and filling.As a result of investigation of materials, have been found that by using high nitrile resin, or in the container that constitutes by the sheet material that far products is packed into by this resin, can improve storage and display effect as packing.

In addition, as the shape of packing container and a result of study of packing method, have been found that, by in the container of making by a kind of plastic material, charging into a kind of excessive unreactable gas with choke character, estimated the amount of the unreactable gas that can be absorbed by far products simultaneously, for the storage far products storing property that can obtain and the double effect of display effect, make in this way, the intrinsic shape of container can not be damaged.

And, have been found that, by on the container of the maintenance intrinsic shape that constitutes by gas-barrier plastic material, constitute the part of wall of container with the film thinner than other wall of container (main portion), and together far products is filled into unreactable gas in container of this sealing involution, can obtain not only to preserve efficiently but also display characteristic efficiently.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is the cut-away section view according to a container instance of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cut-away section view according to a packing example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the external view according to a packing example of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cut-away section view that presents A-A along the line among Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the cut-away section views according to another example of container of the present invention.

In storage of the present invention and transportation resources, the preparation of sealing involution packing is in the results place of agricultural product (for example rice), in rice cleaning equipment place (in the situation such as rice) or implement in the charging place of transportation terminal. Then, sealing involution packing is directly transported to final consumption point or processing stand, and do not open the structure of tight involution, so agricultural product (for example rice) can keep its freshness to transport and preserve fully, and without any need for special transportation and preservation equipment (for example refrigerating equipment). And, because use a kind of plastic material, so price is lower, and be suitable as the container that need not reclaim.

As this plastic material, preferably provide a kind of plastic material that air-tightness and the transparency are arranged behind excellent gas barrier property, rigidity, machinability, the involution that has.

The example of this plastics is a kind of high nitrile resin and a kind of multi-layer sheets that comprise a gas-barrier films with high-load nitrile component, it consists of (1) a kind of gas barrier resin, for example nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride and high nitrile resin, the sheet material of (2) another kind of resins (such as polyethylene and polypropylene).

Be used for container of the present invention and have the characteristic of good maintenance intrinsic shape. This container can have the external shape of cylindrical tube, square tube or box-shaped.

The agricultural product of inserting container should be the materials that loses easily its taste and fragrance. Can comprise Agricultural product in this class container are cereals for example, comprise rice (such as rice), wheat, barley, oat and rye, beans (for example soybean or red bean) and corn and taste material such as roasting good coffee bean, black tea, green tea and fragrance tealeaves.

Any these agricultural product follow a kind of inert gas to be filled into together this container. The inert gas that is suitable for the application is the mist of carbon dioxide, nitrogen or these gases. With a kind of inert gas of product together filling, prevented from owing to oxidation and produced bacterium, mould and insect losing fragrance. Preferably add a kind of deoxidier of use such as thin iron powder, sodium sulfate powder, to remove the oxygen that remains in the container. When using air not use nitrogen with this class deoxidier simultaneously, also can reach same effect. Carbon dioxide is particularly preferred, because it has the characteristic of dormancy formation and anti-bacteria.

The packing measurement that is used for this storage/transport systems depends on this application aims.Can use any suitable dimensions, still, according to the efficient of transport systems, consider all situations, comprise the intensity of container, the cost and the last convenience of loading and unloading of transportation, better with 10～50kg, 20～40kg is better.And, should consider sale unit and the unit that is used for family, so less unit for example also may be more suitable less than 10kg at final consumption point.

Any above-mentioned plastic material can be used for this packing.In these plastic material, high nitrile resin is best for packing far products (for example rice), because it has vapor barrier properties, the transparency and suitable intensity, makes it be suitable for packing as rice.

The high nitrile resin that is used for packing of the present invention and container material preferably is a copolymer, it mainly comprises unsaturated nitrile component (as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile) and other monomer (as styrene, butadidenne, isoprene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and EMA), and the content of its unsaturated nitrile is 50%(weight) or more.One or more these monomers can with a kind of unsaturated nitrile (as acrylonitrile) polymerization.

In addition, this high nitrile resin can be used in combination a kind of rubber polymer, for example hycar, isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene-styrene copolymer, poly-butadiene and polyisoprene.In the presence of these rubber polymers,, can obtain this high nitrile resin by the graft polymerization of described unsaturated component and above-mentioned monomer.

As this high nitrile resin, BAREX(Sohio chemical company produces) and the production of PANEX(clock deep pool chemical industrial company) be commercial available.A kind of sheet type BAREX is commercial getable, and the trade mark of Mitsui Cao Da chemical company is ZEXLON.BAREX is a kind of acrylonitrile thermoplastic base resin, and its gas barrier property, rigidity, the transparency and processability (for example, in deep-draw processing) are very good, so container molding is had no problem.In addition, this material has excellent adhesive bonding property, so after filling, the sealing involution of container is easily by sealing incompatible carrying out.

When high nitrile resin is used for packing of the present invention,, can obtain the packing of sheet structure by extrusion molding, calendering and the inflation forming work of routine.The thickness of sheet material is not limit, but 100 μ m～5000 μ m are better.And, can pass through vacuum mo(u)lding or pressure forming, or by direct injection mo(u)lding high nitrile resin is shaped to sheet material and prepare this packing container.

In addition, heat sealing by routine is formed by above-mentioned single-film lamination or by the multilayer film that film laminatings such as above-mentioned single-film and polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon form, can use this material to pack as bag in the mode identical with common packing.And, can print from the teeth outwards.

For the cross section of container, can adopt different shape as annular, triangle, square etc.

Wall of a container is thick in variations such as inner capacities, desirable strengths, but about 100～800 μ m are best usually.Wall thickness is less than 100 μ m, and the intensity of container may be not enough.On the contrary, the wall thickness tolerable surpasses 800 μ m, but its processability is unsafty, and its cost has increased.

The lid of container or teleblem can be made by a kind of film with high gas barrier property, for example above-mentioned high nitrile resin of individual layer or vinylidene resin, or multilayer film, it comprises the thin film of being made by a kind of resin (for example polypropylene, polyethylene and nylon), it is attached to above the above-mentioned individual layer.Plumbous and steel also can be used as this lid or teleblem.

Fig. 1 is a cross section view according to this class container instance of the present invention.A certain amount of far products such as cereal 19 are housed in the container body of being made by a kind of high nitrile resin sheet material 11.At the top of container body 11, teleblem 17 involutions on the flange section 13 that forms on the container body 11.In addition, provide a timber 15 on container body 11, it has the effect of gaining in strength, or is used for improving structure.

Dry cereal such as rice and wheat, have the particularly character of carbon dioxide of the unreactable gas of absorption, after cereal was packed in the used usually container, pressure inside was lower, the wall of container of sealing involution is stretched inwards, so destroyed the outer shape of container.When container deformation, its external morphology is damaged and crackle occurs in wall of container, makes its involution cracking.

In addition, when container was recessed, part on every side died down, and owing to when preserving and transport, using loading and unloading and vehicle equipment crackle to occur.In the worst case, sealing involution cracking.Even the sealing sealing structure does not ftracture,, reduced display effect when container becomes not at ordinary times.

In order to prevent this problem, container can keep its initial condition (IC) substantially, even after the far products of packing has absorbed the gas that is filled.That is to say, need container to have the characteristic that keeps intrinsic shape.This can realize by increasing vessel strength, and in other words, exactly by using a kind of thick plastic sheet or use a kind of firm heat sealing, or the amount of the unreactable gas that charges into by control strictly realizes.Yet this increases productive costs.For example, can provide the characteristic that keeps intrinsic shape easily by following systematic comparison:

(1) unreactable gas is charged into container, having considered simultaneously can be by the gas flow of the cereal of packaging (for example rice) absorption.After gas was absorbed, the inside of container had kept suitable pressure, so container is indeformable.

(2) after filling cereal, only on a limit of container, involution opening on a gas barrier property plastic sheeting for example, other limit of this film container will approach.When internal pressure reduced owing to the absorption of gas, this thin film was pulled to the inside and the shape of container itself is indeformable basically.

(3) add cereal (for example rice) and make it to be full of fully container.The unreactable gas that is present in the space between cereal is absorbed, and internal pressure reduces.Yet, container be keep intrinsic shape and can not be out of shape or become uneven.If necessary, select a kind of more thick-wall container for use.

Fig. 2 is the cut-away section view of a kind of vessel form of being adopted of said system (1).A kind of packing 21 is to be made of a kind of plastic sheet with high gas barrier property, and wherein rice, this packing 21 are arranged is to be made of a kind of container body 23 and a top cover 25 columnar or that have a square-section in storage, this top cover involution the opening of container bottom.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, container body 23 and chassis 27 also can wholely form.Aforesaid high nitrile resin can easily be processed into this structure, because it has excellent deep-draw processing characteristics.So preferably adopt this forming method.Top cover 25 can be pre-formed, and closes method so that a kind of closedtop that draws to be provided.

After in the rice 29 of scheduled volume has been packed packing 21 into, and after air is removed with gas displacement method, under a set pressure, charge into the high-pureness carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen or the carbon dioxide that are used for food and the compound of nitrogen, and with top cover 25 involutions.

Mensuration is housed in the volume of the rice 29 in the container 21 and the volume of the gas (comprising carbon dioxide gas) that charges into, so that the freshness of rice 29 and quality can suitably keep.Yet after even the carrier gas that charges into has kept, preferably gas carries out back under pressure under required pressure, and this pressure should remain to such degree, and promptly when inserting rice 29, packing itself can keep its intrinsic outer shape.

In addition, in order to keep its shape by this way, keep certain empty space 31 according to the amount that is housed in the rice 29 in the packing 21, and preferably utilize the filling place of this space as carrier gas.

Fig. 3 and 4 expressions are according to another packing example of the present invention.A kind of packing 41 is to make with the form of sack, and it can carry out filling by lower part 43, and when storage rice 29, this part has formed a predetermined area.Pass through involution part 45 sealed opens with heat sealing.

Fig. 5 is the cut-away section view according to another packing example of the present invention.Wall of container 53 with square overcoat shapes of containers body 51 is by a kind of thicker having gas barrier property and keep the plastic sheet of the characteristic of intrinsic shape to constitute.A certain amount of rice 29 is housed in this packing, and it uses the carbon dioxide gas filling, and behind the film 55 that heat sealing approaches, then this packing becomes a sealing sealing structure.At this moment, shown in the long and short dash line among Fig. 5, the film 55 that usefulness is thin ' or collapse very directly, or loosening such heat sealing has slightly just formed the sealing involution later on.These plastic container 51 are to constitute than epiphragma 55 thick plastic sheets with a kind of.Expressed heat sealing part 57.

As time goes by, carbon dioxide gas is absorbed by rice 29, and when the pressure of internal tank reduced, this thin film 55 was stretched inwards, and this packing list reveals the shape shown in Fig. 5.At this moment, the container body 53 that is made of relative thicker plastic sheet has kept its intrinsic shape, because the recessed reduction that compensates interior pressure by film 55, this film has slackened antagonistic intensity, so, also according to the size difference of container, even container body 53 is to be made by relative thicker plastic sheet, the intrinsic shape of container can keep substantially.And, in the same way, even in the amount of the carbon dioxide gas of introducing with had by the amount that rice absorbed under the situation of some degree change, reduced this influence.

Further, because the space of container hollow is less, so prevented the damage of this part and avoided the damage of sealing involution.

Carbon dioxide gas has prevented that the freshness that the breeding owing to oxidizing action and aerobic bacteria causes from reducing, and also provides a kind of dormancy form and bacterial inhibition effect to rice (as rice), and rice can be preserved under appropriate condition.

The filling of carbon dioxide gas can be finished with common known method, also is a kind of good method but use dry ice.Be filling gas, can in container body 51, add the dry ice of aequum.Also can obtain a cooling performance.

In the example of Fig. 5, the shape of housing is a square overcoat, but the invention is not restricted to this shape.For example, shape such as cylindrical shape, cube shaped, box-shaped also is gratifying.Under columnar situation, basal surface and/or top surface are made of the thin film of one deck.Under cube shaped or box-type situation, according to condition, one or two suitable surface is made of a thin film.

Fig. 6 represents to be used for the packing of said system (3).With a kind of unreactable gas and a certain amount of rice 29 complete cartridges 61.Cover plate material of reference number 63 expressions, and 65 expression heat sealing parts.

For the container shown in Fig. 2 to 6, such just as explained, use the plastics that gas barrier property is arranged, preferably use high nitrile resin, as BAREX.

With reference to following example, now will explain the present invention in detail.These examples provide for specifying the present invention, and do not plan to limit them here.

In the following example, the evaluation of " taste of rice " and " fragrance " is based on the evaluation of 5 detectors.

Example 1

Contain 70%(weight by using approximately by the analysis of nitrogen value) a kind of high nitrile resin of acrylonitrile, having obtained thickness with extrusion molding is the sheet material of 500 μ m, this resin is at 10 parts of (weight) butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber-type copolymers (containing 70%(weight) butadidenne) in the presence of, obtain by emulsion polymerization by the methyl methacrylate of the acrylonitrile of 75 parts (weight) and 25 parts (weight).Sheet material to such acquisition carries out vacuum forming processing, with the container that provides to have the dark 500ml internal volume of 5Cm.

This container is with the filling of 400g rice and use the carbon dioxide gas filling.By using one to have a thick film of independently making of 40 μ m, this container is carried out heat sealing by what above-mentioned high nitrile resin was made.After 6 months, rice still has same taste and has not a particle of unusual smell existence.

Example 2

Repeat example 1, just replace used high nitrile resin in the example 1, prepared container of the present invention thus with the high nitrile resin that is prepared as follows.

A kind ofly containing about 65%(weight) high nitrile resin of acrylonitrile (by containing nitrogen analysis) is in the presence of the butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber-type copolymer of 10 parts (weight), the methyl methacrylate by the acrylonitrile of 70 parts (weight), 15 parts (weight) and the cinnamic polymerization preparation of 5 parts (weight).Carry out the rice taste and have the inspection of fragrance in the mode identical with example 1.After 6 months, the taste of rice still exists and does not have unusual smell to exist.

Example 3

Through the technology of blowing and use the resin identical with example 1, preparing one, to have average wall thickness be that 500 μ m internal volumes are the container of 500ml, and the given same process of repetition and example 1.Even after 6 months, the taste of rice still keeps and does not have a unusual smell.

Example 4

Use the resin identical with example 1, and by injection mo(u)lding, preparing an internal volume is the container of 500 μ m for the 500ml average wall thickness, the process of being given in the repetition example 1, and just the miscellaneous gas with a kind of carbon dioxide gas/nitrogen (1: 1) replaces carbon dioxide.Even after 6 months, the taste of rice still keeps and does not have a unusual smell.

Comparative Examples 1

Except that using polyethylene as the resin, repeat example 1, prepare a container thus.This container is carried out the test identical with example 1.The result has destroyed the shape of container because of intensity is more weak, in addition, after 6 months, the taste of rice sharply descends and has unusual smell.

Example 5

Filling 250g black tea in the prepared container of example 1 and need not rice use the nitrogen filling, and with the thick high nitrile resin sheet material heat sealing of the 100 μ m that independently make, preservation 6 months under relative humidity 90%, 35 ℃ temperature then.After this open it, check fragrance and taste, unusual smell, but without any some variations.

On the other hand, as a reference, usually commercially available black tea packing (being made by polyethylene foil) was preserved 6 months down relative humidity 90%, 35 ℃, found that fragrance and taste have reduced.

Example 6

Filling 300g soybean in the prepared container of example 1 and need not rice use the nitrogen filling, and with the thick high nitrile resin sheet material heat sealing of 100 μ m of independent preparation, preservation 6 months under relative humidity 90%, 35 ℃ then.In any case this soybean has not a particle of variation.

On the other hand, as a reference, the thickness that soybean is packaged in the nitrogen replacement is in the polythene film bag of 50 μ m, and relative humidity 90%, 35 ℃ of times preservations 6 months.In the part soybean, find the blackening part.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of storage of far products and transportation resources, this method comprises the following steps:

A kind of far products and a kind of unreactable gas that is selected from nitrogen, carbon dioxide and their compound are packed in the packing;

Tightening seal closes and states packing;

Under the sealing situation, preserve and transport above-mentioned packages sealed;

It is characterized in that this kind packing is to keep the high nitrile resin choke plastic material of its intrinsic shape characteristic to make by having, this kind high nitrile resin choke plastic material comprise (i) a kind of content be 50% (weight) or above unsaturated nitrile component and (ii) a kind of can with a kind of copolymer of the monomer component of described unsaturated nitrile component copolymerization.

2, by the storage and the transportation resources of the described far products of claim 1, wherein said high fat resin is a kind of copolymer that is obtained by following component copolymerization: (ⅰ) acrylonitrile; (ⅱ) a kind of in the presence of the conjugated diene neoprene can with the monomer component of aforesaid propylene nitrile copolymerization.

3, by the storage and the transportation resources of the described far products of claim 2, wherein said conjugated diene neoprene is to be selected from hycar, isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene-styrene copolymer, poly-butadiene and polyisoprene.

4, by the storage and the transportation resources of the described far products of claim 1, wherein said far products is a cereal.

5, by the storage and the transportation resources of the described far products of claim 4, wherein said cereal is a rice.

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