Background technology
The cardiovascular diseases is the life that threat human life's first " killer " whole world cardiovascular disease will seize 1,650 ten thousand people every year, accounts for 1/4 of the total dead population in the world.Cardiovascular disease has become first cause of the death of China urban and rural residents, and annual dead number is nearly 3,000,000, account for 35% of total death toll, and ratio is rising year by year also.Along with China enters the quick population growth of aging peak, the patient of cardiovascular disease also will significantly increase.More alarming is along with the increase of rhythm of life, operating pressure and the variation of dietary structure, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease morbidity and death present rejuvenation trend.
Dynamic cardiograph (being called for short HOLTER) is perfect by being born, developing, being tending towards, and has gone through nearly half a century.Its electrocardiosignal measure from singly lead, two leading to the three progressively development of leading, can be applicable to clinical 12 electrocardiograms that lead up to having developed in the world in recent years, indicate the perfect of dynamic cardiograph monitoring lead system.But the whole electrocardiograms in the dynamic cardiograph continuous record patient 24 hours.No matter no matter is myocardial ischemia or arrhythmia, be persistence or paroxysmal outbreak, can find by the Electrocardioscopy of dynamic cardiograph record.
Dynamic cardiograph must be connected with the contact electrode of human body surface assigned address by one group of lead, and by the electrocardiosignal of contact electrode detection correspondence position, dynamic cardiograph just can be traced out electrocardiogram.The circuit that is connected between described dynamic cardiograph and the contact electrode is called electrocardiogram lead (lead).Along with lead the progressively development and perfection of system of electrograph measurement, electrocardiosignal is measured from singly leading, twoly lead, three lead and develop into and be applied to 12 clinical lead electrocardiogram at present, even is 18 electrocardiosignaies of leading.Because the line that leads is too much, particularly 12 and 18 wire harness that lead are too much thick excessively, in the clinical practice use, very easily cause the contact electrode that leads to come off or loose contact, limited the activity of user greatly, just use both inconvenient, also very uncomfortable.In addition, line is long, too much owing to lead, also very easily be subjected to the interference of extraneous various electromagnetic signals, for the ecg analysis of gathering and analyze extremely faint body surface potential change, the interfering signal that is I guess extremely faint, all will directly influence record, analysis and the diagnostic result of electrocardiosignal, and very easily cause and fail to judge and wrong diagnosis, totally unfavorable to treatment of diseases.And existing electrocardiograph disturbs for preventing this class, need all carry out multistage electronic filtering and digital filtering to the signal that leads in each road handles and shields multinomial measure such as worn-out circuit, caused the cost of existing dynamic cardiograph higher, volume is excessive, use is inconvenient, can't enter average family, make the public, sub-health population particularly, to threaten own life first " killer "---the development of the cardiovascular state of an illness is known nothing, up to entering high-risk period.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer are provided, it is with low cost, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, easy to install and safe and reliable.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, described bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer; Comprise the electrocardio detecting electrode, be used for the ECG simulator signal of human body counterpart; Signal processing module is connected with electrocardio detecting electrode outfan, signal processing module to described electrocardiosignal amplify, filtering is after the corresponding electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of A/D modular converter output; Microprocessor, the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of received signal processing module input, and store described electrocardiographicdigital digital signals into data cache module; Described microprocessor through bus communication interface is transferred to dynamic electro-cardiac monitor with the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals in the data cache module.
Described signal processing module comprises the signal condition module; Described signal condition module receives the ECG simulator signal of electrocardio detecting electrode input, and output to the signal amplification module, described signal amplification module outputs to filtration module and A/D modular converter successively with the ECG simulator signal, the corresponding electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of described A/D modular converter output.Described bus communication interface comprises one-wire bus, I
2C, RS-485 and CAN bus.
Described microprocessor is transferred to dynamic electro-cardiac monitor by the digital tdma communication mode with the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals in the data cache module.Described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor comprises the data communication module; Described data communication module comprises wireless communication module and USB communication module.Described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor receives electrocardiographicdigital digital signals, and stores in the data memory module; Described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor carries out real-time analysis to described electrocardiographicdigital digital signals, by LCD MODULE and the corresponding analysis result of buzzer output.
The electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor real-time analysis correspondence,, conduction block unusual by the corresponding tachycardia of LCD MODULE output, bradycardia, S-T, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, the described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor in chamber can also show by LCD MODULE that limb leads and chest lead comes off or contact condition, heart rate, time, battery electric quantity, memory card capacity and communications status in real time.
When described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor monitored high-risk electrocardio disease, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor sent the warning help information by the data communication module to given server or guardian.Also be provided with function key on the described Holter Monitor; When custodial person's heart abnormality was pressed described function key, the Holter Monitor automatic reception was also stored current electrocardiographicdigital digital signals and corresponding analysis result.
Advantage of the present invention: bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer are connected with dynamic electro-cardiac monitor by bus communication interface, tapering to tens groups of lines that lead of 18 lead electrocardiogram instrument present 12 only has one group of double wired conductor of connecting, and makes it to wear and uses very convenient.Avoided on clothing, carrying out complicated cabling for the Wearable ECG monitor, improved the comfort level of dress greatly, be particularly suitable for the electrocardiogram monitor of life-time service.Simultaneously, owing to adopted the intelligent cardiac signal transducer, at the ecg signal acquiring front end, at once the acquired original signal has been carried out conditioning and digitized processing, thereby suppressed the various interference on the analog signal transmission lead effectively.Prove by experiment, intelligence sensor carries out the analog electrocardiogram electric potential signal of gathering the method transmitted behind the digitized, adopt the long line that leads to connect the method for passive electrode than traditional electrocardiograph, anti-interference effect is fairly obvious, thereby strengthened the stability of circuit greatly, improved the quality of gathering electrocardiosignal.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with concrete drawings and Examples.
As Fig. 1~shown in Figure 8: the present invention includes electrocardio detecting electrode, microprocessor, signal conditioning circuit, signal amplification module, data cache module, filtration module, A/D analog-to-digital conversion module, bus communication interface and dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.
As shown in Figure 1: described electrocardio detecting electrode is gathered the ECG simulator signal of body surface, and described ECG simulator signal is electrocardiographicdigital digital signals through signal conditioning circuit, signal amplification module, filtration module, A/D analog-to-digital conversion module with the ECG simulator conversion of signals; Described signal conditioning circuit, signal amplification module, filtration module, A/D analog-to-digital conversion module are formed signal processing module, described signal processing module is transferred to microprocessor with electrocardiographicdigital digital signals, and described microprocessor receives electrocardiographicdigital digital signals and is stored in the data cache module.Described signal processing module is handled the ECG simulator signal of electrocardio detecting electrode collection, the signal of having avoided the electrocardio detecting electrode to detect is interfered in being transferred to the dynamic electro-cardiac monitor process, influences the analytical structure of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor to electrocardiosignal.Described electrocardio detecting electrode, microprocessor, signal conditioning circuit, signal amplification module, data cache module, filtration module, A/D analog-to-digital conversion module, bus communication interface have constituted bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer.Described microprocessor through bus communication interface is connected with dynamic electro-cardiac monitor, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor is connected with microprocessor by fieldbus, and dynamic electro-cardiac monitor reads the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of microprocessor stores in data cache module by time division multiple access way.The type of described fieldbus comprises one-wire bus (1-wire bus), I
2C, RS-485 and CAN bus.
Described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor comprises controller, data memory module, bus communication control module, data communication module, LCD MODULE and power management module.Described controller adopts single-chip microcomputer or DSP (digital signal processor), and data memory module adopts storage card or Flash storage chip, and the bus communication control module adopts series bus controller.Described data communication module comprises wireless communication module and usb communication interface, and dynamic electro-cardiac monitor is by carrying out data communication with wireless forms of communication between wireless communication module and computer, mobile communication equipment (as mobile phone); Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor by built-in usb communication interface directly and equipment room with USB interface such as computer carry out transfer of data.Described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor carries out data communication by bus communication control module and microprocessor, thereby reads the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals in the data cache module; The described electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor real-time analysis also is stored in described electrocardiographicdigital digital signals in the data memory module, by LCD MODULE and the corresponding analysis result of buzzer output.Also be provided with function key on the described Holter Monitor; When custodial person's heart abnormality was pressed described function key, the Holter Monitor automatic reception was also stored current electrocardiographicdigital digital signals and corresponding analysis result.When described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor monitored high-risk electrocardio disease, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor sent the warning help information by the data communication module to given server or guardian.
As shown in Figure 4: described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor by LCD MODULE can show that tachycardia, bradycardia, S-T are unusual, conduction block, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, chamber speed, supraventricular tachycardia, artrial premature beat, ventricular premature contraction, electrocardio stops fighting and function such as pacing signal; Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can also show that by LCD MODULE limb leads (RA, RL, LA and LL) and chest lead (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6) comes off or loose contact index signal, current heart rate, time, battery electric quantity, memory card capacity and communications status deictic function.The custodial person is informed or reminded to described dynamic electro-cardiac monitor with the mode that above-mentioned real-time analysis result utilizes buzzer to ring; Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can also utilize the data communication module that data in the data memory module and real-time analysis result are uploaded on computer, mobile phone and the Internet Server, thereby the electrocardiosignal that detects is carried out depth analysis, diagnosis and the filing of case data.Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can also utilize wireless repeater that the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals that detects is transferred to the online service center.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead of the present invention and intelligent cardiac signal transducer.Described microprocessor through bus communication interface, serial data communications busses are carried out data with dynamic electro-cardiac monitor and are connected.Described communication bus structure and communication protocol adopt three grades of layering structures, as shown in Figure 5.Described communication bus structure and communication protocol are to be the data communication between HM and a plurality of pick off, design a kind of high-efficiency reliable structure and agreement, can either guarantee the reliable and stable of data communication, realistic again ready-made low.Physical layer is to utilize physical media to realize the functional description and the rules that execution is connected of physical connection, is provided for setting up, keeping and disconnect machinery, electric, function and condition process of physical connection; Data link layer is used for setting up, keep with remove link is connected the function of realization error free transmission; Application layer is at the application of human ecg signal collection, record and monitoring, and the communication between the different communication node is finished in the service that utilizes link layer to provide.The structure and the agreement of universal serial bus adopted in the PHY design of described communication bus structure and communication protocol.Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor and bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer all are articulated on the single communication bus, and the communication protocol of Physical layer is selected the bus standard of one-wire bus (1-wire bus), RS-485, I2C or CAN for use.The data link layer protocol of described communication bus structure and communication protocol, basic communication unit is a packet, the structure of described packet comprises packet header and data volume, the structure of described packet header and data volume, as shown in Figure 6.The superiors of described communication protocol are application layer protocol, are characteristics that need at the data acquisition of human ecg signal and analyzing and processing and designing.By the rice sample precision of 12~16bit, a normal cardiac cycle is carried out 500 samplings, data volume is about the 2K byte; Therefore, a length of data package is decided to be the 2K byte, and an electrocardiosignal of leading is carried out complete analysis one time, needs to gather the data of 8 above cardiac cycles, the data of about 16K byte.In application layer protocol, each packet is the data of a cardiac cycle, and describes the serial number of cardiac cycle with packet number, is generally 1~8.The data of a cardiac cycle of the every collection of bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer, at first package and buffer memory, when buffer memory behind 8 packets, begin requirement by dynamic electrocardiogram monitor microprocessor, upload once complete ECG Signal Analysis by bus, the data of needed 8 above cardiac cycles, the data of about 16K byte.
Fig. 2 is the catenation principle figure of the power management control module of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.As shown in Figure 2: several bus-type cardiac diagnosis leads and intelligent cardiac signal transducer are articulated on the bus, and described bus is data and power sharing line; Described bus is managed by dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.When bus was idle, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor was changed to high level with bus, for the storage capacitor of bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer charges, provided power supply for described pick off simultaneously.When wireless repeater and dynamic electro-cardiac monitor and pick off carry out data communication, at first on bus, send out the pulse train signal by wireless repeater or dynamic electro-cardiac monitor, bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer that notice is corresponding, close audion Q1, the level of bus is pulled to high level by resistance R 1, and bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer resetted in the time of determining; After overtime, wireless repeater or dynamic electro-cardiac monitor force bus to enter the free time, and the storage capacitor on the pick off is charged.Described bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer have unique identification number on bus, be used for corresponding bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and the intelligent cardiac signal transducer of wireless repeater or dynamic electro-cardiac monitor identification.
Fig. 7 is the processing and the mastery routine of communicating by letter of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor is connected with some bus-type cardiac diagnosis leads and intelligent cardiac signal transducer by fieldbus, and dynamic electro-cardiac monitor reads the corresponding bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of intelligent cardiac signal transducer by the bus communication control module.During use, next bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor recursive call and intelligent cardiac signal transducer address, bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer have unique identification code on bus.Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can detect the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of whether receiving corresponding bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer at the appointed time automatically, if when not receiving corresponding electrocardiographicdigital digital signals at the appointed time, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor meeting next bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead of recursive call and intelligent cardiac signal transducer corresponding address; If receive corresponding electrocardiographicdigital digital signals at the appointed time, the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals that dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can be received is stored in the data memory module, detects the serial number of described packet simultaneously.When the described serial number of receiving bag less than 8 the time, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor is next bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead of recursive call and intelligent cardiac signal transducer address again, when the serial number of bag more than or equal to 8 the time, show the data that collected 8 above cardiac cycles, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can be analyzed the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals that receives; Dynamic electro-cardiac monitor shows current heart rate by LCD MODULE, and judges the analysis abnormal results of described electrocardiographicdigital digital signals.When detected electrocardiographicdigital digital signals has when unusual by analysis, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor is exported corresponding disease signal by LCD MODULE, and reports to the police by buzzer; When detected electrocardiographicdigital digital signals was afterwards no abnormal by analysis, dynamic electro-cardiac monitor can carry out the monitoring of next cycle, constantly carries out circulatory monitoring.
Fig. 8 is the processing and the communication mastery routine of bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer.Described bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and the intelligent cardiac signal transducer ECG simulator signal by electrocardio detecting electrode human body, described ECG simulator signal amplifies, exports electrocardiographicdigital digital signals after filtering and the A/D conversion through signal processing module; The electrocardiographicdigital digital signals of microprocessor receives signals processing module, and will be stored in the data cache module behind the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals group bag.The serial number of the packet behind the microprocessor analysis group bag, when the serial number of packet adds 1 less than 8 the time, microprocessor can circulate and receive the electrocardiosignal of electrocardio detecting electrode; When the serial number of described packet adds 1 greater than 8 the time, show to have collected 8 cardiac cycle signal that microprocessor can be waited for the address call of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.When microprocessor receives the next address calling of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor, microprocessor can judge whether the address of calling is local address, when the address of described calling was not local address, microprocessor can continue to wait for the address call of dynamic electro-cardiac monitor; When the address of described calling was local address, microprocessor read the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals that is stored in the data cache module, and was sent to dynamic electro-cardiac monitor.After the transmission of the electrocardiographicdigital digital signals in the data cache module finished, microprocessor was to the serial number zero setting of packet.
Bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead of the present invention and intelligent cardiac signal transducer are connected with dynamic electro-cardiac monitor by bus communication interface, tapering to tens groups of lines that lead of 18 lead electrocardiogram instrument present 12 only has one group of double wired conductor of connecting, and makes it to wear and uses very convenient.Avoided on clothing, carrying out complicated cabling for the Wearable ECG monitor, improved the comfort level of dress greatly, be particularly suitable for the electrocardiogram monitor of life-time service.Simultaneously, owing to adopted bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer, at the ecg signal acquiring front end, at once the acquired original signal has been carried out conditioning and digitized processing, thereby suppressed the various interference on the analog signal transmission lead effectively.Prove by experiment, bus-type cardiac diagnosis lead and intelligent cardiac signal transducer carry out the analog electrocardiogram electric potential signal of gathering the method transmitted behind the digitized, adopt the long line that leads to connect the method for passive electrode than traditional electrocardiograph, anti-interference effect is fairly obvious, thereby strengthened the stability of circuit greatly, improved the quality of gathering electrocardiosignal.