CN101789191A - Distributed well drilling simulation system and operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed drilling simulation system and an operation method, comprising a choke manifold (101), a high-pressure manifold (102), a blowout preventer console (103), a choke console (104), a remote console (105), driller's console (106), teacher's console (107) and graphic projection unit (108), driller's console (106), remote console (105), blowout preventer console (103), The choke console (104), the choke manifold (101) and the high pressure manifold (102) are interconnected through the PPI protocol, and the teacher console (107) is connected to the PPI protocol through the PPI interface. The operation method includes the steps of tripping, tripping, drilling, handling of accidents and complex situations, shutting in the well, and killing the well. The beneficial effect of the present invention is to realize the highly simulated top drive drilling simulation, enhance the on-site sense of teaching and training, shorten the training period and reduce the training cost.

Description

Distributed drilling simulation system and operation method

technical field

The invention relates to a drilling simulation system and an operation method, in particular to a distributed drilling simulation system and an operation method.

Background technique

At present, the existing drilling simulators at home and abroad mostly adopt a centralized system structure, which has low reliability and robustness; in addition, it uses ordinary animation technology, and the image display is fuzzy, not smooth, and lacks realism; and the display screen adopts With an average-sized screen to show the drilling process, the graphics lacked the necessary impact and immersion. In addition, at present, most new drilling rigs at home and abroad are equipped with top drive drilling devices, but most of the existing drilling simulators realize the simulation based on the rotary table drive. The simulation of complex situations is not comprehensive and detailed enough, and lacks certain practical significance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing drilling simulators and provide a distributed drilling simulation system and operation method. The drilling simulator adopts an advanced computer network and distributed system structure, and the front-end trainee console System design, system design, manufacturing and testing adopt industrial standards, and the system runs stably and reliably; graphic animation adopts full 3D real-time animation technology, and the operator can perform drilling operations according to the position and status reflected in the graphic, with a strong sense of reality; graphic display adopts Large ring screen graphics display technology, all the pictures in the drilling process have larger display size, wider field of view, more display content and more impactful and immersive visual effects; the drilling driving method adopts a highly simulated top Driving simulation can better adapt to technological changes and meet the needs of the market; event-driven drilling accidents and downhole complex situation handling technology can provide pre-simulation training for drilling personnel to improve safety.

The object of the invention of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a distributed drilling simulation system, which includes a choke manifold, a high-pressure manifold, a blowout preventer console, a choke console, a remote console, and a driller's console , the teacher’s console and the graphics projection unit; among them, the driller’s console simulates the lifting control of the winch, the speed control of the turntable, and the speed control of the mud pump; the acquisition of winch clutch position, winch gear position, turntable clutch position, The position of the turntable, the position of the pump regulator, the position of the power regulator of the diesel engine, etc.; monitor parameters such as suspension weight, weight on bit, air source pressure of the drilling rig, mud density, mud viscosity, and mud loss of water. The basic function of the BOP console is to control the opening and closing of each component in the BOP; to monitor the standpipe pressure, casing pressure, rig air source, etc. The basic function of the choke console is to monitor the standpipe pressure and casing pressure after shutting in the well and during well killing operations; to control the standpipe pressure and casing pressure during well killing; to measure displacement (replacement volume) during well killing. The remote console is controlled by the PLC to control the stepping motor to drive the handle to complete the opening and closing control of the components in the blowout preventer. The high pressure manifold simulation controls the drilling fluid flow path. The choke manifold simulation controls the drilling fluid flow path, and the wellhead standpipe pressure casing pressure is controlled through the hydraulic valve. The teacher's console consists of two high-performance computers, which are the main control computer and the graphics processing computer. The basic functions of the main control computer are to store and set simulation parameters, run the main control program, graphic control, calculate and draw parameter curves, score evaluation and student management, collect front-end equipment parameters and control all front-end controlled instruments and actuators, etc. The graphics processing computer and the main control computer are connected through the Ethernet network and adopt the TCP/IP communication protocol. The basic functions are to display the static background image, display the work of the turntable, the movement of the drill string, the formation stratification and other controlled dynamic graphics, display automatic animation, and display records. curve. The graphics projection unit is composed of a high-performance projector with relatively high resolution and brightness and a large-size screen. The graphics projection unit is connected with a graphics processing computer to project all graphics onto the large-screen screen. Driller's console, remote console, BOP console and choke console are interconnected through Siemens point-to-point protocol PPI protocol, teacher's console is connected with PPI protocol through PPI interface, choke manifold and choke control The high pressure manifold is connected with the BOP console.

The driller's console includes a cabinet and an internal control panel, the front of the cabinet includes a front control panel of the driller's floor, and the side of the cabinet is provided with a side control panel of the driller's floor, wherein: the front control panel of the driller's floor is provided with Pressure gauge group, weight gauge, turntable torque gauge, spare gauge, switch group, button group A, display group, winch speed adjustment handle and brake handle, the pressure gauge group includes air source pressure gauge, cooling water pressure gauge, Winch oil pressure gauge, turntable oil pressure gauge, cat head pressure gauge, pump pressure gauge, tongs pressure gauge, left clamp pressure gauge, right clamp pressure gauge and safety gear pressure gauge, the switch group includes left cat head switch, Right cat head switch, hydraulic station unloading switch, protection reset switch, air horn switch, turntable inertial brake switch, pneumatic fine-tuning switch, backup switch, emergency brake switch and parking brake switch, the button group includes No. 1 Button, button two, button three, button four, button five, button six, button seven, button eight, button nine, button ten, button eleven, button twelve, thirteen No. button and No. 14 button, the display group includes parameter display, mud density display, mud viscosity display and mud water loss display; The programming controller PLC2 and the CPU module of the driller’s floor programmable controller PLC1 are respectively connected to the drawworks speed adjustment handle and brake handle through the AD module, and connected to the air source pressure gauge, cooling water pressure gauge, winch oil pressure gauge and turntable through the DA module Oil pressure gauge, cat head pressure gauge, turntable torque gauge, pump pressure gauge, tongs pressure gauge, spare gauge, left clamp pressure gauge, right clamp pressure gauge and safety clamp pressure gauge are connected, and the digital input and output DIO expansion module is connected with the finger The weight meter, the emergency brake switch and the parking brake switch are connected, and connected with the input end of the weight meter controller through its switch value output port, and the output end of the weight meter controller is connected with the weight meter, through its switch value input port. Ports and left cat head switch, right cat head switch, hydraulic station unloading switch, protection reset switch, air horn switch, turntable inertial brake switch, pneumatic trim switch, spare switch, No. 1 button, No. 2 button, No. 3 button, Button No. 4, Button No. 5, Button No. 6, Button No. 7, Button No. 8, Button No. 9, Button No. 10, Button No. 11, Button No. 12, Button No. 13 and Button No. 14 It is also connected to the No. 1 button, No. 2 button, No. 3 button, No. 4 button, No. 5 button, No. 6 button, No. 7 button and No. 8 button through the switch value output port, and the CPU of the programmable controller PLC1 The module is also connected to the data transceiver board through the serial port, and the data transceiver board is connected to the mud density display, mud viscosity display and mud water loss display through the parallel port; the side control panel of the driller's floor includes an indicator group, a selection valve group, and a button group B, regulating valve group, torque meter and tachometer, described indicator light group comprises programmable controller PLC1 indicator light, programmable controller PLC2 indicator light, engine 1 indicator light, engine 2 indicator lights, engine 3 indicator lights, Engine 4 indicator light, mud pump A indicator light , Mud pump B indicator light, Mud pump C indicator light, Winch A indicator light, Winch B indicator light, Drill plate indicator light, Constant speed or constant pressure drill delivery indicator light, Internal blowout preventer indicator light, Hydraulic pump running Indicator light, slewing head lock indicator light, brake indicator light, fault alarm indicator light and ready indicator light, the selection valve group includes PLC work selection valve, motor work selection valve, winch work selection valve, mud pump A work Selection valve, mud pump B work selection valve, mud pump C work selection valve, turntable work selection valve, drawworks constant speed or constant pressure drilling work selection valve, ring rotation selection valve, internal blowout preventer work selection valve, hydraulic pressure Pump selector valve, swivel head lock selector valve, back tong work selector valve, ring tilt selector valve, brake work mode selector valve, auxiliary operation selector valve, fan work selector valve, motor selector valve, operation mode selector valve and direction of rotation Select the valve, the button group includes the emergency stop button of the whole machine, the emergency stop button of the frequency conversion system, the torque adjustment knob of the drill disc, the adjustment knob of the mud pump A, the adjustment knob of the mud pump B, the adjustment knob of the mud pump C, the rotation speed adjustment knob of the turntable, The pressure-on-bit adjustment knob for constant pressure drilling, the middle button of the lifting ring, the mute button and the emergency stop button. The CPU module of the programmable controller PLC2 is connected with the drill disc torque adjustment knob, the mud pump A adjustment knob, the mud pump B adjustment knob, the mud pump C adjustment knob, the turntable speed adjustment knob, and the constant pressure drilling pressure adjustment knob through the AD module. , make-up torque limiting regulating valve, drilling torque limiting regulating valve and speed setting regulating valve are connected, connected with torque meter and speed meter through DA module, and connected with brake indicator light, fault alarm indicator light, ready indicator light, Mute button and emergency stop button, brake working mode selection valve, auxiliary operation selection valve, fan work selection valve, motor selection valve, operation mode selection valve and rotation direction selection valve are connected, and are connected with PLC1 indicator light and PLC2 through its switch output port Indicator light, engine 1 indicator light, engine 2 indicator light, engine 3 indicator light, engine 4 indicator light, mud pump A light, mud pump B light, mud pump C light, winch A light, winch B light , drilling disc indicator light, constant speed or constant pressure drilling indicator light, internal blowout preventer indicator light, hydraulic pump operation indicator light and rotary head locking indicator light are connected, and are connected with the PLC work selection valve through its switch input port , motor work selection valve, winch work selection valve, machine emergency stop button, frequency conversion system emergency stop button, mud pump A work selection valve, mud pump B work selection valve, mud pump C work selection valve, turntable work selection valve, winch Constant speed or constant pressure drilling selection valve, ring rotation selection valve, ring center button, internal blowout preventer work selection valve, hydraulic pump selection valve, rotary head locking selection valve, back clamp work selection valve and Lifting eye tilt selector valve connection.

Among them, the driller's floor data transceiver board includes a serial port chip, a single-chip microcomputer, a latch and a bus buffer. The sending data line and the receiving data line are connected, and the microcontroller is also connected to the latch and the bus buffer respectively through the bus, and the output ports of the latch and the bus buffer are connected to the mud density display, mud viscosity display and mud water loss display through the parallel port . The mud density display, mud viscosity display and mud water loss display all include address buffer, data buffer, comparator, decoder, dial switch, nixie tube driver chip and nixie tube, address buffer, data buffer The input port of the comparator is connected to the parallel port, the output port of the data buffer is connected to the digital tube driver chip, the output port of the address buffer is respectively connected to one input port of the comparator and the decoder, and the other input port of the comparator is connected to the DIP switch, and the output The port is connected to the enable end of the decoder, the output end of the decoder is connected to the digital tube drive chip, and the output end of the digital tube drive chip is connected to the digital tube.

The workflow of the control program of the driller’s floor is roughly as follows: when the control program is started, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize the data communication with the LED display control board, then reads the switching value and stores it in the sending buffer, and then Read the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer, call the mud density, viscosity, and water loss adjustment subroutine, and then call the XMT subroutine to send the data to the LED display control board. If the left cat is connected, it will output 800 to D/A, let the left cat display the normal working pressure value; otherwise output 0 to D/A, then judge whether the right cat is connected, if it is connected, output 800 to D/A, let the right cat display the normal working pressure value; otherwise Output 0 to D/A, then call the button indicator light control subroutine, and then adjust the weight meter control subroutine, output step pulses according to the weight value of the weight meter, and control the rotation of the stepping motor so that the weight pointer Point to the corresponding value, and finally return to port initialization, and so on.

The working flow of the mud density adjustment subroutine on the driller’s floor is roughly as follows: the subroutine starts to run, reads the switch value, if the selected increase button is pressed, the density value increases by 0.01, otherwise it is judged whether the decrease button is pressed, and if so Then the density value decreases by 0.01, and then returns to the start state of the subroutine, if not, it also returns to the start state of the subroutine, and so on.

The control subroutine of the weight indicator on the driller’s floor outputs stepping pulses according to the suspended weight value of the indicator, and controls the rotation of the stepping motor so that the pointer of the suspended weight points to the corresponding value. The working process can be roughly described as: subroutine Start to run, read the suspension value of the weight table from the receiving buffer, if the suspension value is 0 and the suspension pointer itself is at zero, return directly; if the suspension value is 0 and the suspension pointer is not at zero, then Control the stepper motor to rotate counterclockwise until the pointer of the suspended weight reaches zero. When the suspended weight value is not 0, first judge whether there is a change in the value. If there is no change, return directly. If it becomes smaller, set the direction control flag of the stepping motor to 1 (rotate clockwise) if it becomes larger, and set the direction control flag of the stepping motor to 0 (rotate counterclockwise) if it becomes smaller, and then calculate the difference of the suspension weight change, Output 1 step pulse suspension weight difference minus 1 until 0 and then return.

The working process of the main control program on the side control panel of the driller’s floor is roughly as follows: start the program, initialize the ready indicator light, read in the switching value and store it in the sending buffer, read in the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer, and judge the Whether the blowout preventer is closed, if the indicator light of the internal blowout preventer is on, then judge whether the hydraulic pump is running, if so, the hydraulic pump operation indicator light is on, if not, it is off, and then judge whether the rotary head is locked, if it is, then the rotary head is locked. Light on, otherwise off, then adjust the speed setting subroutine and torque setting subroutine, if the speed setting flag is 0 (the flag value is set in the speed setting subroutine), then read the speed data from the receiving buffer Output to D/A, if it is not a tachometer, display the speed value sent from the host PC, and then judge whether the torque setting flag is 0, if so, read the torque data from the receiving buffer and output to D/A, and then return, otherwise return directly.

Drilling torque setting program on the driller's floor, the working process can be roughly described as: start the subroutine, read the A/D result, judge whether the setting knob is being adjusted, and when there is a change, it means that the operator is setting the upper limit of the drilling torque At this time, the instrument will display the current adjustment value in real time. If there is no change within 3 seconds, it will be regarded as set. After that, the instrument will display the drilling torque value sent from the host PC, and finally return to the sub- program.

The remote control console includes a chassis and an internal control panel. The front of the chassis includes a remote console control panel, and the remote console control panel is provided with an annular oil pressure regulating valve, a manifold pressure regulating valve, a manifold pressure gauge, a storage Energy pressure gauge, annular oil pressure gauge, bypass valve, discharge valve, semi-sealed ram control valve, fully-sealed ram control valve, shear ram control valve, annular ram control valve, accumulator main switch, The left energy store switch and the right energy store switch, the internal control board includes a remote control station programmable controller PLC and a valve controller, and the CPU modules of the remote control station programmable controller PLC respectively pass the AD The module is connected with the manifold pressure regulating valve and the annular oil pressure regulating valve, connected with the manifold pressure gauge and the accumulator pressure gauge through the DA module 1, connected with the annular oil pressure gauge through the DA module 2, and input through its switch value respectively The port is connected to the main switch of the energy storage, the left energy storage switch and the right energy storage switch, and the CPU module of the remote control station programmable controller PLC also outputs through twelve switches (the twelve switches output They are respectively used as bypass valve start control signal, bypass valve open or close control signal, discharge valve start control signal, discharge valve open or close control signal, semi-closed ram control valve start control signal, half-closed ram control Valve open or close control signal, fully enclosed ram control valve start control signal, fully enclosed ram control valve open or close control signal, shear ram control valve start control signal, shear ram control valve open or close control signal , the start control signal of the ring gate control valve and the opening or closing control signal of the ring gate control valve) are connected to the control input end of the valve controller, and the output of the valve controller is respectively connected with the bypass valve, the discharge valve, and the semi-sealed gate control valve, fully sealed ram control valve, shear ram control valve and ring ram control valve, bypass valve, discharge valve, semi-closed ram control valve, fully sealed ram control valve, shear ram control The valve and the annular ram control valve are respectively connected to the 12-way switching value input terminals of the programmable controller PLC of the remote control station through the feedback signal line (these 12-way switching value inputs are respectively used as bypass valve opening/closing feedback signals, amplifiers, etc. Spray valve open/close feedback signal, semi-enclosed gate control valve open/close feedback signal, fully enclosed gate control valve open/close feedback signal, shear gate control valve open/close feedback signal and ring gate control valve open/close feedback signal /off feedback signal).

Among them, the manifold pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the manifold pressure, the annular oil pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the annular oil pressure, the manifold pressure gauge displays the manifold pressure value, the accumulator pressure gauge displays the accumulator pressure value, The annular oil pressure gauge displays the annular oil pressure value, the bypass valve is used to open or close the bypass pipeline, feedback the switch status of the bypass ram, the discharge valve is used to open or close the discharge pipeline, and feedback the switch of the discharge valve state, the accumulator main switch is used to open or close the accumulator main line.

The workflow of the remote console control program can be roughly described as: when the control program is started, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize point-to-point communication with the blowout preventer, and at the same time displays the initialization of the instrument, reads the switch value and stores it in the internal The buffer is used for subsequent processing; then read the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer, and then call NET_RW to send and receive data with the BOP console, and call the ring, half-sealing, spraying, and shearing control subroutines. Control the rotation of the stepper motor according to the operation of the preventer handle to connect the control oil circuit of each preventer, so as to control the opening or closing of the preventer; To the display buffer of the ring instrument, if the bypass is selected, the adjusted value of the manifold pressure will be sent to the display buffer of the manifold pressure instrument, otherwise the 21MPa display value will be sent to the display buffer of the instrument; if the left, right and oil circuit main switches are not connected , then send 0 value to the instrument display buffer; then read data from the instrument display buffer to D/A, and finally return to read the switching value and store it in the internal buffer, and thus cycle.

The workflow of the remote control subroutine can be roughly described as follows: the subroutine starts to run, reads the status of the BOP operating handle from the receiving buffer, and reads out the status of the BOP operating handle to determine whether the BOP operating handle is operated. When the operating handle is operated, the stepper motor rotates. If the stepper motor does not rotate, it returns to the initial state; otherwise, the control stepper motor rotation flag is set, and the rotation direction of the stepper motor is selected according to whether it is on or off. If it is on, the direction is set. The control flag is 0 (indicates turning left), if it is in place, it will control the stepper motor to rotate the flag to clear, and then return to the start state, if it is not in place, it will also return; if it is off, set the direction control flag to 1 (indicating turning right ), if it is fully open, then control the stepper motor to rotate the flag to clear, and then return to the start state, if it is not fully open, it will also return; and so on.

The choke manifold is composed of a choke tube and a valve installed on the choke tube. The choke tube is installed on the choke manifold frame. There are multiple flat valves on each side, the horizontal pipes include the upper horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold and the lower horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold, the two ends of the upper horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold are fixed on the frame, and the upper horizontal pipe of the throttle One end of the horizontal pipe is provided with a separator outlet, and the other end is provided with a spare outlet; the vertical pipe includes an overflow inlet pipe, a hydraulic throttle pipe and a manual throttle pipe, and an overflow inlet pipe, a hydraulic throttle pipe and a manual throttle pipe The lower end is respectively provided with an overflow inlet, a hydraulic throttle valve and a manual throttle valve, and the upper end of the overflow inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the throttling manifold frame.

The overflow inlet pipe is cross-connected with the upper horizontal pipe of the choke manifold and the lower horizontal pipe of the choke manifold to form intersection a and b, and the upper overflow inlet pipe of the intersection a is installed with Plate valve A, plate valve B and plate valve C are installed in sequence on the overflow inlet pipe between intersection point a and intersection point b, a pressure gauge is installed at intersection point b, and the overflow inlet pipe at the lower part of intersection point b is installed There is a discharge valve switch indicator light; the two ends of the lower horizontal pipe of the choke manifold are fixedly connected to the hydraulic choke pipe and the manual choke pipe respectively, forming a connection between node c and node d, intersection point b and node c Plate valve D and plate valve E are installed on the lower horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold, and flat valve F and flat valve G are installed on the lower horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold between intersection point b and node d; and the upper end of the manual throttling tube are respectively connected with the upper horizontal tube of the throttling manifold to form nodes e and f, the hydraulic throttling tube between node c and node e is equipped with a flat valve H, and the lower part of node c is hydraulically A hydraulic indicator light is installed on the throttle tube, and a hydraulic throttle valve is installed at the end; a flat valve I is installed on the manual throttle tube between node d and node f, and at the end of the manual throttle tube at the lower part of node d A manual throttle valve is provided; a plate valve J is installed on the upper horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold between the node e and the backup outlet, and a flat valve J is installed on the upper horizontal pipe of the throttle manifold between the node f and the separator outlet K.

The high-pressure manifold is composed of high-pressure pipes and valves installed on the high-pressure pipes. The high-pressure pipes are installed on the high-pressure manifold rack. The high-pressure pipes are vertically connected and distributed by horizontal pipes and vertical pipes. The lower horizontal pipe, the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe of the high-pressure manifold are connected to form a rectangle. There are multiple flat valves on the horizontal pipe and the vertical pipe. The horizontal pipe also includes the left mud inlet pipe, the right mud inlet pipe, and the grouting outlet pipe. The left end of the left mud inlet pipe is affixed on the frame, the left end of the left mud inlet pipe is provided with a mud inlet I, the right end of the right mud inlet pipe is affixed on the frame, and the right end of the right mud inlet pipe is provided with a Mud inlet II, the left end of the grouting outlet pipe is fixed on the frame, and the left end of the grouting outlet pipe is provided with a grouting outlet; the standpipe also includes an upper standpipe and a lower standpipe, the upper end of the upper standpipe is fixed The upper end of the standpipe is provided with a spare inlet, the lower end of the lower standpipe is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame, and the lower end of the lower standpipe is provided with a standpipe outlet.

The left mud inlet pipe and the right mud inlet pipe are respectively connected with the rectangular left riser and right riser in the shape of "T" to form node h and node i. A flat valve L is installed on the upper left riser of node h, and node h A flat valve M is installed on the lower left vertical pipe of node i, a flat valve N is installed on the upper right vertical pipe of node i, and a flat valve O is installed on the lower right vertical pipe of node i; the upper vertical pipe and the lower vertical pipe are respectively connected with the rectangular The upper horizontal pipe of the high-pressure manifold and the lower horizontal pipe of the high-pressure manifold are connected in a "T" shape to form nodes g and j; the grouting outlet pipe is connected to the lower riser in a "T" shape to form a node k, and the upper A flat valve P is installed, and a flat valve Q is installed on the lower riser of the node k.

The BOP control panel includes a chassis and an internal control panel. The front of the chassis includes a BOP control panel. The BOP control panel is equipped with an accumulator pressure gauge, an annular BOP oil pressure gauge, and an air source Pressure gauge, manifold pressure gauge, annular ram switch, annular ram on/off indicator light, air source switch, bypass ram switch, upper half-closed ram switch, upper half-closed ram on/off indicator light, Fully sealed ram switch, fully sealed ram on/off indicator light, kill manifold ram switch, kill manifold on/off indicator light, blowout valve switch, blowout valve off/on indicator light, lower half Sealing ram switch and lower semi-sealed ram opening/closing indicator light, the internal control board includes a blowout preventer programmable controller PLC, and the CPU module of the blowout preventer programmable controller PLC is respectively connected with DA module 1 and The pressure gauge of the accumulator is connected with the oil pressure gauge of the annular blowout preventer, and the gas source pressure gauge and the manifold pressure gauge are connected through the DA module 2. The CPU module of the programmable controller PLC of the blowout preventer is also connected through its switch input port Connect with ring ram switch, gas source switch, bypass ram switch, upper half-seal ram switch, full-seal ram switch, kill manifold ram switch, discharge valve switch and lower half-seal ram switch, Through its switching value output port and the ring ram open indicator ring ram close indicator, the upper half-sealed ram open indicator, the upper half-sealed ram close indicator, the fully-sealed ram open indicator and the fully-sealed ram closed Indicator light, kill manifold open indicator, kill manifold close indicator, blowout valve close indicator, blowout valve open indicator, lower half-sealed ram open indicator and lower half-sealed ram close indicator connection; the CPU module of the programmable controller PLC of the blowout preventer also communicates with the flat valve L, flat valve M, flat valve N, flat valve O, and flat valve installed on the high-pressure pipe in the high-pressure manifold through its switch input port. P is connected to the plate valve Q. Among them, the accumulator pressure gauge is used to display the pressure value of the accumulator, the oil pressure gauge of the annular preventer is used to display the oil pressure value of the annular preventer, the air source pressure gauge displays the pressure value of the air source, and the manifold pressure gauge displays the pipe pressure value. Sink pressure gauge, ring ram switch for opening or closing the ring ram, ring ram open/open indicator light for indicating ring ram open/close.

The work flow of the BOP control program can be roughly described as: when the control program starts, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize point-to-point communication with the remote control console. and stored in the internal buffer for direct reading by the PC, and then call NET_RW to send and receive data with the remote console, and call the control subroutines of ring, semi-sealing, spraying, and shearing, which are based on the operating handle and switch of the BOP Time control indicator lights to show whether each blowout preventer switch is in place, and then store the indicator light status (for indicating the on/off state of the blowout preventer) in the sending buffer, and then read the alarm control standard from the receiving buffer, If you choose to alarm, turn on the alarm, if you choose not to alarm, turn off the alarm, and finally return to read the switching value and store it in the sending buffer, and then cycle.

The working process of the annular BOP control subroutine can be roughly described as follows: the subroutine starts to run, and the read-in switch status includes the status of the operating handle of the BOP and the status of the operating handle of the remote control station. If the air source on the device is turned on and the ring is turned on or the ring is turned on on the remote control console, if the timing is up for 8 seconds, the indicator light of the ring BOP on is on, the indicator light of the ring BOP off is off, and then the subroutine returns, otherwise the subroutine returns ; If the air source on the BOP is turned on and the ring is turned off or the ring is turned off on the remote control console, then the timing is 8 seconds, the ring BOP off indicator is on, the ring BOP on indicator is off, and then the subroutine returns, otherwise The program returns; if the remote station is not connected, the air source on the BOP is on and the ring is on, then the timing is 8 seconds, the ring BOP on indicator is on, the ring BOP off indicator is off, and then the subroutine returns, if not 8 seconds is still the subroutine return; if the air source on the BOP is turned on and the ring is closed, if the timing is up to 8 seconds, the indicator light of the ring BOP off is on, the indicator light of the ring BOP on is off, and then the subroutine returns, otherwise The subroutine returns.

The choke control console includes a chassis and an internal control panel. The front of the chassis includes a choke control panel. The choke control panel is equipped with standpipe pressure gauges, pump speed gauges, casing pressure gauges, and hydraulic choke valves. Selection indicator light, dual pump selection switch, choke valve selection switch, pump stroke number display, choke valve opening gauge, manual choke valve selection indicator, reset button, drilling rig air source switch, choke control valve switch and The choke valve speed adjustment knob, the internal control board includes a choke programmable controller PLC, the CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is connected to the choke valve speed adjustment knob through the AD module, and connected to the choke valve speed adjustment knob through the DA module 1. The standpipe pressure gauge is connected with the casing pressure gauge, the pump speed gauge and the choke valve opening gauge are connected through the DA module 2, and the choke data transceiver board is connected with the choke data transceiver board through the serial port, and the choke data transceiver board is connected with the pump flush through the parallel port. The CPU module of the programmable controller PLC of the choke is also connected to the selection indicator light of the hydraulic choke valve and the selection indicator light of the manual choke valve through its switch output port, and connected to the dual choke valve through its switch value input port. pump selection switch, choke valve selection switch, reset button, drilling rig air source switch and choke control valve switch) connections. The CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is connected to the host computer through the network interface; the CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is also installed on the choke tube through its switch input port and the choke manifold respectively. The flat valve A, flat valve B, flat valve C, flat valve D, flat valve E, flat valve F, flat valve G, flat valve H, flat valve I, flat valve J and flat valve K are connected, and the choke can be The CPU module of the programming controller PLC is respectively connected with the manual throttle valve (135) in the throttle manifold through the AD module, and connected with the pressure gauge through the DA module 1. Among them, the riser pressure gauge is used to indicate the riser pressure, the casing pressure gauge is used to indicate the casing pressure, the pump speed gauge is used to indicate the pump speed, and the choke valve opening gauge is used to indicate the choke valve opening. Size, double pump selection switch is used to select No. 1 pump, No. 2 pump or dual pumps, the pump stroke number display is used to display the accumulated pump strokes, and the choke valve selection is used to select manual choke valve or hydraulic choke valve , the manual choke valve selection indicator is used to indicate the selection of the manual choke valve, the hydraulic choke valve selection indicator is used to indicate the selection of the hydraulic choke valve, the reset button is used to reset the stroke number of the pump, and the gas source switch of the drilling rig is used For opening or closing the air source of the drilling rig, the choke control valve switch is used to increase or decrease the opening of the choke control valve, and the choke valve speed adjustment knob is used to increase or decrease the adjustment speed of the choke valve.

The choke data transceiver board includes a serial port chip, a single-chip microcomputer, a latch and a bus buffer. The input end of the serial port chip is connected to the serial port of the choke programmable controller PLC through a serial port, and the output end of the serial port chip is respectively connected to the transmission port of the single-chip microcomputer. The data line is connected with the receiving data line, and the single-chip microcomputer is also respectively connected with the latch and the bus buffer through the bus, and the output ports of the latch and the bus buffer are connected with the pump stroke number display through the parallel port.

The pump stroke display includes an address buffer, a data buffer, a comparator, a decoder, a code switch, a digital tube driver chip and a digital tube, the input ports of the address buffer and the data buffer are connected to the parallel port, and the output of the data buffer is The port is connected to the digital tube driver chip, the output port of the address buffer is respectively connected to the comparator and the decoder, the other input port of the comparator is connected to the dial switch, the output port is connected to the enable end of the decoder, and the output port of the decoder is connected to the The digital tube driver chip is connected, and the output terminal of the digital tube driver chip is connected to the digital tube.

The work flow of the choke control program can be roughly described as: when the control program starts, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize data communication with the LED display control board, and then reads in the switching value (including the double pump selection switch, choke valve selection switch, reset switch, rig air source switch and choke valve control switch switch input), and stored in the sending buffer for direct reading by PC communication; then read in the A/D results and store them in to the send buffer for PC communication to read directly. Then judge whether it is the hydraulic mode or the manual mode. If the hydraulic mode is selected, the hydraulic indicator light will be turned on; if the manual mode is selected, the manual indicator light will be turned on. Then, read the data from the receiving buffer and output to D/A, which is used to control the display of standpipe pressure, casing pressure, pump speed and throttling speed and other instruments. Then use the serial port to send the data to the LED display control board, then re-read the switch value and store it in the sending buffer, and so on. In addition, since the entire system is a bus network composed of one PC and multiple PLCs, the PC acts as the master station, and the multiple PLCs act as slave stations, each communication is initiated by the master station, and the slave station monitors and judges whether there is any Send and receive requests for this site. Its working process is roughly as follows: the master station sends out a signal, if the slave station monitors a request to send and receive with this station, and agrees to accept the request, it accepts the data and stores it in the receiving buffer, and then returns to continue monitoring; The sending and receiving request of the station or the request is not accepted and the request is not sent, and the request is returned to the monitoring; if the request is not accepted but the request is agreed to be sent, the data is read from the sending buffer and sent, and then returns to the monitoring state, and so on.

The operation method of the distributed drilling simulation system comprises the following steps: (1) tripping in; (2) tripping out; (3) drilling; (4) handling of accidents and complex situations; (5) shutting down the well; (6) kill well;

Among them, the drill-in step simulates the drill-in process, requiring trainees to correctly grasp the process of drill-in, so as to achieve smooth drill-in, which includes the following actual process:

(a) Normal drilling process: To start this operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool, remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to run in, if it is to return to the lifting and control crane card, otherwise end the operation.

(b) Drilling down and encountering obstruction process: start this operation, drill down normally, if the drilling encounters obstructions, break through the obstruction, mark the hole, end this operation, and return if no obstructions are encountered.

(c) Drilling process under control of fluctuating pressure: start this operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool at a slow speed, press the corresponding button to remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to continue to drill Drill, if return to start this operation, otherwise end this operation.

The drilling procedure simulates the drilling process, and the trainees are required to correctly grasp the drilling process and achieve a smooth drilling process. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal tripping process: start the operation, lift the drilling tool, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether the drilling is done, if yes, return to start the operation, otherwise end the operation.

(b) Stuck process when tripping out: start the current operation, run down the drill normally, if the tripping encounters the jamming, it will release the jamming cycle, reverse the hole, end the operation, and return to the normal tripping if there is no jamming.

(c) Control the suction pressure tripping process: start this operation, lift the drilling tool at a slow speed, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to continue the drilling, if so, return to the slow lifting drilling tool, otherwise end this operation .

Drilling steps simulate typical drilling conditions, and trainees are required to correctly grasp the drilling process to achieve uniform drilling, and at the same time master the drilling technology in complex formations. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal drilling and column connection process: start this operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, normal drilling, column connection, lower down to a certain depth, and end this operation.

(b) Drilling process under different formation drillability conditions: start this operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, drill 1 meter in the first formation, drill 1 meter in the second formation, and drill 1 meter in the second formation. Drill 1 meter into three formations, put out the drill string, and end this operation.

(c) Drilling process of jumping off: start this operation, drill normally, if there is no jumping, drill normally, if there is jumping, lift the drill string, change the speed and WOB, lower the drilling, Judging whether the jump is weakened, if the jump is not weakened, return to lift the drill string, cycle until the jump is weakened, and then mark the jump section to end the operation.

(d) Drilling process in high-pressure formation: start this operation, circulate mud, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if no overflow occurs, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, continue drilling, connect the column, Finally finish this job.

(e) Drilling process in low-pressure formation: start the operation, circulate mud, drill normally, judge whether there is a leakage, if there is no leakage, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, continue drilling, connect the column, and finally end This assignment.

Accident and complex situation handling steps Simulate common faults and complicated situations in the drilling process. The simulation system randomly generates accidents, and trainees are required to judge the type of accidents based on the phenomena reflected by the simulator (mainly changes in various instruments) and handle the accidents correctly. Its specific operation process is as follows:

(a) Judgment and treatment process of sticking stuck drill: start the operation, pull out the drill string, judge whether there is a fault on the ground, if there is no fault, continue to pull out the drill string, and if there is a fault, lower the drilling tool intermittently, move the drilling tool, and cycle Mud and movable drilling tools are unjammed, and then judge whether it has been unjammed. If not, continue to unjammed until the unjamming is completed, and the operation is ended.

(b) Judgment and treatment process of sand settling and sticking: start this operation, pull out the drill normally, judge whether the sand settling is stuck, if not, return to the normal pull-out, if the sand settling is stuck, move the drilling tool, and cycle with small displacement Mud, judge whether the pump pressure is normal, if it is not normal, return to the circulating mud, if the pump pressure is normal, circulate the mud with a large displacement, and finally end this operation.

(c) Judgment and treatment process of mud bag stuck drill: start this operation, lightly press run-in, drill normally, judge whether mud bag stuck drill, if not, return to normal tripping, if mud bag stuck drill, increase drainage Circulate the amount of mud, ream at high speed, adjust the mud performance, continue drilling, and finally end this operation.

(d) Male cone fishing process: start the operation, rinse the fish head, lower the fish, judge whether it is detected, if not, go back and continue lowering; Try to lift the drill string, put out the fish, and finally end the operation.

(e) The processing flow of falling objects grinding and milling: start this operation, flush the bottom of the well, grind and mill twice, continue to grind until the grinding shoes are damaged, and end this operation.

The shut-in procedure simulates four shut-in scenarios. The trainees are required to be able to detect the overflow in time, and to shut down the well safely and quickly according to the requirements of the "four and seven" actions. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal drilling and shut-in operation process: start the operation, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, if overflow occurs, open the choke manifold, close the ring protection Blowout preventer, upper half-block blowout preventer, annular blowout preventer, throttle valve, J2A plate valve, and then mud logging to end this operation.

(b) Operation process of tripping out and shutting in the well: start the operation, unload the kelly, raise the vertical rod, judge whether there is overflow, if no overflow is found, return to the vertical rod, and if overflow is found, connect the drilling tool to prevent blowout device, well shut-in, mud logging, and finally end the operation.

(c) Operation procedure of pulling out the drill collar and shutting in the well: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether there is overflow, return the drill collar if no overflow is found, and connect the blowout prevention single rod if overflow is found, shut down Well, mud logging, and finally end this operation.

(d) Empty well and well shut-in operation process: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether the overflow is large, if the overflow is large, shut down the well, log the well, and finally end this operation; if the overflow is small, rush to connect Blowout prevention single rod, well shut-in, mud logging, and finally end this operation.

The kill procedure simulates three conventional well kill operations. The trainees are required to correctly control the wellhead pressure to achieve a successful well kill. Its actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Driller method kill operation process: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, discharge the infringed sludge, judge whether it has been discharged, if not, return to discharge the infringed sludge; if it has been discharged If the well is finished, increase the mud density, kill the well with heavy mud, judge whether the well is killed, if not, return to continue killing the well, and end the operation if the well has been killed.

(b) The engineer’s well killing operation process: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, increase the mud density, and then kill the well with heavy mud, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue killing the well, if the well has been killed When finished, end the job.

(c) Operation process of overweight mud driller’s method of well killing: start the operation, prepare overweight mud, pump in overweight mud, judge whether the circulation is completed, if the circulation is complete, then adjust the mud density, kill the well with the well killing mud, and judge whether it is After the well killing is completed, if there is no well killing, return to continue killing the well, and if the well killing has been completed, this operation will end.

The invention has the following advantages: it realizes highly simulated top drive drilling simulation, enhances the on-site sense of teaching and training, shortens the training period, improves the training effect and reduces the training cost.

Description of drawings

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of overall structure of distributed drilling simulator

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the front control panel of the driller's console

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the side control panel of the driller's console

Fig. 4 Connection relationship between the internal control panel of the driller's console and the main components on the front control panel

Fig. 5 Connection relationship between the internal control panel of the driller's console and the main components on the side control panel

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the remote console control panel

Figure 7 The connection relationship between the internal control board of the remote console and the main components on the control panel

Figure 8 Schematic diagram of throttle manifold structure

Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high pressure manifold

Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the control panel of the BOP

Figure 11 Connection relationship between the internal control board of the BOP control panel and the main components on the control panel

Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the choke control panel

Figure 13 The connection relationship between the internal control board of the choke and the main components on the control panel

Figure 14 Schematic Diagram of Composition of Data Transmitter Board on Driller's Floor

Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the composition of the mud density display, mud viscosity display and mud water loss display in the driller's console

Fig. 16 Work flow chart of driller's floor control program

Figure 17 Work flow chart of the mud density adjustment subroutine of the driller's console

Fig. 18 Work flow chart of the weight meter control subroutine of the driller's console

Figure 19 Work flow chart of the main control program on the side control panel of the driller's floor

Fig. 20 Work flow chart of the drilling torque setting program of the driller's console

Figure 21 Remote Console Control Flowchart

Figure 22 Remote Console Control Subroutine Flowchart

Fig. 23 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic mode plate valve switch of the choke manifold

Figure 24 Schematic diagram of throttle manifold manual mode plate valve switch

Fig. 25 Schematic diagram of switch of plate valve for grouting mode with No. I pump selected for high-pressure manifold

Fig. 26 Schematic diagram of switch of plate valve in circulation mode by selecting pump I for high-pressure manifold

Figure 27 The high-pressure manifold selects pump II, the schematic diagram of the flat valve switch of the grouting method

Fig. 28 Schematic diagram of switch of plate valve for circulation mode by selecting pump II for high pressure manifold

Figure 29 Schematic diagram of switch of flat valve for grouting mode with dual pumps selected for high-pressure manifold

Figure 30 Schematic diagram of switch of plate valve in circulation mode with dual pumps selected for high-pressure manifold

Figure 31 BOP control flow chart

Figure 32 BOP control subroutine flow chart

Figure 33 Schematic diagram of the composition of the pump stroke number display in the choke

Figure 34 flow chart of choke control program

Figure 35 flow chart of communication between choke and PC

Figure 36 Schematic diagram of the composition of the choke data transceiver board

Figure 37 Flow chart of normal drill down

Figure 38 Flowchart of encountering resistance when drilling down

Figure 39 Flowchart of controlling fluctuating pressure drilling

Figure 40 Flow chart of normal drilling

Figure 41 Flowchart of stuck drilling

Fig. 42 Flowchart of controlling suction pressure and tripping

Figure 43 Flow chart of normal drilling and column connection

Figure 44 Drilling flow chart under different formation drillability conditions

Figure 45 Drilling Flowchart for Jumping Down

Figure 46 Flowchart of drilling in high-pressure formations

Figure 47 Flowchart of drilling in low-pressure formations

Fig. 48 Judgment and processing flow chart of stuck sticking drill

Fig. 49 Flowchart of judgment and treatment of grit stuck drill

Fig. 50 Judgment and treatment flow chart of stuck drill in mud bag

Figure 51 Flow chart of male cone salvage treatment

Figure 52 Flow chart of falling object milling process

Figure 53 Flowchart of normal drilling and shut-in operations

Figure 54 Operation flow chart of tripping out and shutting in the well

Fig. 55 Flowchart of pulling out the drill collar and shutting in the well

Figure 56 Operation flow chart of empty well and well shut-in

Fig. 57 Flowchart of well killing operation by driller method

Fig. 58 Flowchart of well killing operation by engineer method

Figure 59 Flowchart of well killing operation by super-heavy mud driller

In the figure, 1- front control panel of driller's floor, 2- air source pressure gauge, 3- cooling water pressure gauge, 4- drawworks oil pressure gauge, 5- turntable oil pressure gauge, 6- weight gauge, 7- cat head Pressure gauge, 8-parameter display, 9-turntable torque gauge, 10-pump pressure gauge, 11-large clamp pressure gauge, 12-spare gauge, 13-left clamp pressure gauge, 14-right clamp pressure gauge, 15-safety gear Pressure gauge, 16-left cat head switch, 17-right cat head switch, 18-hydraulic station unloading switch, 19-protection reset switch, 20-air horn switch, 21-turntable inertial brake switch, 22-pneumatic fine-tuning switch, 23-spare switch, 24-winch speed adjustment handle, 25-1 button, 26-2 button, 27-3 button, 28-4 button, 29-5 button, 30-6 button, 31- Button 7, 32-Button 8, 33-Button 9, 34-Button 10, 35-Button 11, 36-Button 12, 37-Button 13, 38-Button 14, 39-mud density indicator, 40-mud viscosity indicator, 41-mud water loss indicator, 42-brake handle, 43-emergency brake switch, 44-parking brake switch, 45-side control panel of driller’s floor, 46- Programmable controller PLC1 indicator light, 47-Programmable controller PLC2 indicator light, 48-Engine 1 indicator light, 49-Engine 2 indicator light, 50-Engine 3 indicator light, 51-Engine 4 indicator light, 52-Mud pump A indicator light, 53-Mud pump B indicator light, 54-Mud pump C indicator light, 55-Winch A indicator light, 56-Winch winch B indicator light, 57-Drill panel indicator light, 58-Constant speed drilling or constant pressure Drilling indicator light, 59-PLC work selection valve, 60-motor work selection valve, 61-winch work selection valve, 62-machine emergency stop button, 63-frequency conversion system emergency stop button, 64-drill panel torque adjustment knob, 65-Mud pump A work selection valve, 66-Mud pump B work selection valve, 67-Mud pump C work selection valve, 68-Turntable work selection valve, 69-Drawworks constant speed or constant pressure drilling work selection valve, 70-Adjusting knob for mud pump A, 71-Adjusting knob for mud pump B, 72-Adjusting knob for mud pump C, 73-Adjusting knob for rotating speed of turntable, 74-Adjusting knob for constant pressure feeding drilling pressure, 75-Inner blowout preventer indicator light , 76-hydraulic pump operation indicator light, 77-rotary head lock indicator light, 78-lift ring rotary selection valve, 79-lift ring neutral button, 80-brake indicator light, 81-ready light indicator, 82-inner blowout prevention 83-hydraulic pump selection valve, 84-rotary head locking selection valve, 85-back tong work selection valve, 86-lift ring tilt selection valve, 87-brake work mode selection valve, 88-mute button, 89-Emergency stop button, 90-Auxiliary operation selection valve, 91-Fan work selection valve, 92-Motor selection valve, 93-Operation mode selection valve, 94-Rotary direction selection valve, 95-Correction torque limit regulating valve, 96 - Torque meter, 9 7-Tachometer, 98-Fault alarm indicator light, 99-Drilling torque limiting regulating valve, 100-Speed setting regulating valve, 101-Throttle manifold, 102-High pressure manifold, 103-Blowout preventer console, 104 - Choke control console, 105-remote console, 106-driller's console, 107-teacher's console, 108-projection system, 109-remote console control panel, 110-ring oil pressure regulating valve, 111-pipe Manifold pressure regulating valve, 112-manifold pressure gauge, 113-energy storage pressure gauge, 114-ring oil pressure gauge, 115-bypass valve, 116-spray valve, 117-semi-sealed gate control valve, 118-full Sealing gate control valve, 119-shear gate control valve, 120-ring gate control valve, 121-accumulator main switch, 122-left accumulator switch, 123-right accumulator switch, 124 -Throttle manifold rack, 125-throttle manifold upper cross pipe, 126-throttle manifold lower cross pipe, 127-separator outlet, 128-spare outlet, 129-overflow inlet pipe, 130-hydraulic Throttle tube, 131-manual throttle tube, 132-overflow inlet, 133-spray valve switch indicator light, 134-hydraulic throttle valve, 135-manual throttle valve, 136-hydraulic indicator light, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K-plate valve, a, b-crossing point, c, d, e, f-node, 137-high pressure manifold rack, 138- High pressure manifold upper horizontal pipe, 139-high pressure manifold lower horizontal pipe, 140-left standpipe, 141-right standpipe, 142-left mud inlet pipe, 143-grouting outlet pipe, 144-mud inlet I, 145-mud Inlet II, 146-grout outlet, 147-upper riser, 148-lower riser, 149-spare inlet, 150-standpipe outlet, 151-right mud inlet pipe, L, M, N, O, P, Q- Flat valve, g, h, i, j, k-nodes, 152- BOP control surface, 153- Accumulator pressure gauge, 154- Annular BOP oil pressure gauge, 155- Air source pressure gauge, 156- Manifold pressure gauge, 157-ring ram switch, 158-ring ram opening indicator light, 159-ring ram closing indicator light, 160-air source switch, 161-upper half-sealing ram switch, 162-upper half-sealing Ram opening indicator light, 163-upper half sealing ram closing indicator, 164-bypass ram switch, 165-full sealing ram switch, 166-full sealing ram opening indicator, 167-full sealing ram closing Indicator lights, 168-Kill manifold ram switch, 169-Kill manifold open indicator, 170-Kill manifold close indicator, 171-Blowout valve switch, 172-Blowout valve close indicator, 173 -The indicator light of the discharge valve, 174-the switch of the lower half-sealed ram, 175-the indicator light of the opening of the lower half-sealed ram, 176-the indicator light of the close of the lower half-sealed ram, 177-the control panel of the choke, 178-vertical Tube pressure gauge, 179-pump speed gauge, 180-casing pressure gauge, 181-hydraulic choke valve selection indicator, 182-double pump selection switch, 183-choke valve selection switch, 184-pump stroke indicator, 185-choke valve opening gauge, 186-manual choke valve selection indicator, 187-reset button, 188-drilling rig gas Source switch, 189-choke control valve switch, 190-choke valve speed adjustment knob

Detailed ways

Further describe the technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: As shown in Figure 1, distributed drilling simulator comprises choke manifold 101, high-pressure manifold 102, blowout preventer console 103, choke console 104, Remote console 105, driller's console 106, teacher's console 107 and projection system 108, projection system 108 includes two projectors and a large-size screen, teacher's console 107 is made up of main control computer and graphics processing computer, driller The console 106, the main control computer and the graphic processing computer are interconnected through the TCP/IP protocol, the driller console 106, the remote console 105, the blowout preventer console 103 and the spoiler console 104 are interconnected through the SIEMENS PPI protocol, and the teacher controls The station 107 is connected with the PPI protocol through the PPI interface, the PPI interface is a Siemens CP5611 card, the throttling manifold 101 is connected with the choke console 104, and the high pressure manifold 102 is connected with the BOP console 103.

As shown in Figure 2, the described driller's console includes a casing and an internal control panel, the front of the casing is provided with a driller's floor front control panel 1, and the side of the casing is provided with a driller's floor side control panel 45, wherein : the front control panel 1 of the driller's floor is provided with a pressure gauge group, a weight gauge 6, a turntable torque gauge 9, a spare gauge 12, a switch group, a button group A, a display group, a drawworks speed adjustment handle 24 and a brake handle 42. The pressure gauge set includes air source pressure gauge 2, cooling water pressure gauge 3, winch oil pressure gauge 4, turntable oil pressure gauge 5, cat head pressure gauge 7, pump pressure gauge 10, tongs pressure gauge 11, Left tongs pressure gauge 13, right tongs pressure gauge 14 and safety tongs pressure gauge 15, the switch group includes left cat head switch 16, right cat head switch 17, hydraulic station unloading switch 18, protection reset switch 19, air horn Switch 20, turntable inertial brake switch 21, pneumatic fine-tuning switch 22, standby switch 23, emergency brake switch 43 and parking brake switch 44, described button group includes No. 1 button 25, No. 2 button 26, No. 3 button 27. Button four 28, button five 29, button six 30, button seven 31, button eight 32, button nine 33, button ten 34, button eleven 35, button twelve 36, ten No. 3 button 37 and No. 14 button 38, the display group includes parameter display 8, mud density display 39, mud viscosity display 40 and mud water loss display 41; PLC1 and programmable controller PLC2 of driller's floor, programmable controller PLC1 of driller's floor and programmable controller PLC2 of driller's floor are Siemens S7-200, as shown in Figure 4, programmable controller PLC1 of driller's floor The CPU module is connected to the winch speed adjustment handle 24 and the brake handle 42 through the AD module, and is connected to the air source pressure gauge 2, the cooling water pressure gauge 3, the winch oil pressure gauge 4, the turntable oil pressure gauge 5, and the cathead pressure gauge through the DA module. Table 7, turntable torque gauge 9, pump pressure gauge 10, tongs pressure gauge 11, spare gauge 12, left clamp pressure gauge 13, right clamp pressure gauge 14 and safety gear pressure gauge 15 are connected, through digital input and output DIO expansion module and The weight meter 6, the emergency brake switch 43 and the parking brake switch 44 are connected, and are connected with the input end of the weight meter controller through its switch value output port, and the weight meter controller output terminal is connected with the weight meter, through Its switching value input port is connected with the left cat head switch 16, the right cat head switch 17, the hydraulic station unloading switch 18, the protection reset switch 19, the air horn switch 20, the turntable inertial brake switch 21, the pneumatic fine-tuning switch 22, the spare switch 23, Button one 25, button two 26, button three 27, button four 28, button five 29, button six 30, button seven 31, button eight 32, button nine 33, button ten 34, No. 11 button 35, No. 12 button 36, No. 13 button 37 and No. 14 button 38 are connected, and also through the switch value output port and No. 1 button 25, No. 2 button 26, No. 3 button 27, The fourth button 28, the fifth button 29, the sixth button 30, the seventh button 31 and the eighth button 32 are connected, and the CPU module of the programmable controller PLC1 of the driller's floor is also connected with the data transceiver board of the driller's floor through the serial port. The drill floor data transceiver board is connected with the mud density display 39, the mud viscosity display 40 and the mud water loss display 41 through the parallel port; Button group B, regulating valve group, torque meter 96 and tachometer 97, described indicator group includes programmable controller PLC1 indicator light 46, programmable controller PLC2 indicator light 47, generator 1 indicator light 48, generator 2 indicator light 49, generator 3 indicator light 50, generator 4 indicator light 51, mud pump A indicator light 52, mud pump B indicator light 53, mud pump C indicator light 54, winch A indicator light 55, winch B indicator light 56. Drill disc indicator light 57, constant speed or constant pressure drill indicator light 58, inner blowout preventer indicator light 75, hydraulic pump operation indicator light 76, rotary head locking indicator light 77, brake indicator light 80, Fault alarm indicator light 98 and ready indicator light 81, the selection valve group includes PLC work selection valve 59, motor work selection valve 60, drawworks work selection valve 61, mud pump A work selection valve 65, mud pump B work selection valve 66. Mud pump C work selection valve 67 Rotary table work selection valve 68. Drawworks constant speed or constant pressure drill delivery work selection valve 69. Ring rotation selection valve 78. Internal blowout preventer work selection valve 82. Hydraulic pump selection valve 83 , Swivel head lock selection valve 84, back tong work selection valve 85, lifting ring tilt selection valve 86, brake work mode selection valve 87, auxiliary operation selection valve 90, fan work selection valve 91, motor selection valve 92, operation mode selection Valve 93 and rotation direction selection valve 94, the button group includes the emergency stop button 62 of the whole machine, the emergency stop button 63 of the frequency conversion system, the drill panel torque adjustment knob 64, the mud pump A adjustment knob 70, the mud pump B adjustment knob 71, Mud pump C adjustment knob 72, turntable speed adjustment knob 73, constant pressure drilling pressure adjustment knob 74, suspension ring neutral button 79, mute button 88 and emergency stop button 89, the adjustment valve group includes the torque limit adjustment Valve 95, drilling torque limiting regulating valve 99 and rotational speed setting regulating valve 100; Knob 70, adjustment knob 71 of mud pump B, adjustment knob 72 of mud pump C, rotation speed adjustment knob 73 of turntable, constant pressure drilling pressure adjustment knob 74, make-up torque limit adjustment valve 95, drilling torque limit adjustment valve 99 and speed setting The fixed regulating valve 100 is connected, and the torque meter 96 and the tachometer 97 are connected through the DA module 2, and the brake indicator light 80, the fault alarm indicator light 98, the ready indicator light 81, the mute button 88 and the emergency stop button 89 are connected through the DIO expansion module. Brake working mode selection valve 87, auxiliary operation Operation selector valve 90, fan work selector valve 91, motor selector valve 92, operation mode selector valve 93 and rotation direction selector valve 94 are connected, and are indicated by PLC1 indicator light 46, PLC2 indicator light 47, and generator 1 through its switching output port. Light 48, Generator 2 indicator 49, Generator 3 indicator 50, Generator 4 indicator 51, Mud pump A indicator 52, Mud pump B indicator 53, Mud pump C indicator 54, Winch A indicator 55 , drawworks B indicator light 56, drill plate indicator light 57, constant speed or constant pressure drill indicator light 58, internal blowout preventer indicator light 75, hydraulic pump operation indicator light 76 and rotary head locking indicator light 77 are connected , through its switch input port and PLC work selection valve 59, motor work selection valve 60, winch work selection valve 61, machine emergency stop button 62, frequency conversion system emergency stop button 63, mud pump A work selection valve 65, mud pump B Work selection valve 66, mud pump C work selection valve 67, turntable work selection valve 68, drawworks constant speed or constant pressure drilling work selection valve 69, ring rotation selection valve 78, ring center button 79, internal blowout preventer Work selection valve 82, hydraulic pump selection valve 83, slewing head locking selection valve 84, back tong work selection valve 85 and suspension ring tilt selection valve 86 are connected.

As shown in Figure 14, the data transceiver board of the driller's floor includes a serial port chip, a single-chip microcomputer, a latch and a bus buffer. The end is connected with the sending data line and the receiving data line of the single-chip microcomputer respectively, and the single-chip microcomputer also connects the latch and the bus buffer respectively by the bus line, and the latch and the bus buffer output ports are connected with the mud density display 39, the mud viscosity display 40 and the mud density display 39 and the mud viscosity display 40 by parallel ports. Mud water loss monitor 41 is connected.

As shown in Figure 15, mud density display 39, mud viscosity display 40 and mud water loss display 41 all comprise address buffer, data buffer, comparator, decoder, dial switch, nixie tube driver chip and nixie tube, The input ports of the address buffer and data buffer are connected to the parallel port, the output port of the data buffer is connected to the digital tube driver chip, the output port of the address buffer is respectively connected to one input end of the comparator and the decoder, and the other input end of the comparator The dial switch is connected, the output port is connected to the enabling end of the decoder, the output end of the decoder is connected to the digital tube drive chip, and the output end of the digital tube drive chip is connected to the digital tube.

Figure 16 is a flow chart of the control program of the driller's floor, and its work flow can be roughly described as: when the control program starts, the initialization port initializes Port 1 of the PLC to realize data communication with the LED display control board, and then reads in the switching value And store it in the sending buffer, then read the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer, call the mud density, viscosity, water loss adjustment subroutine, and then call the XMT subroutine to send the data to the LED display control board, such as Connect the left cat, then output 800 to D/A, let the left cat display the normal working pressure value; otherwise output 0 to D/A, then choose whether the right cat is connected, if it is connected, output 800 to D/A, let The right cat displays the normal working pressure value; otherwise, output 0 to D/A, then call the button indicator light control subroutine, and then adjust the finger weight meter control subroutine, output step pulse according to the weight meter suspended weight value, control the step The feeder motor rotates so that the suspension weight pointer points to the corresponding value, and finally returns to port initialization, and so on.

Figure 17 is the working flow chart of the mud density adjustment subroutine, and its working process can be roughly described as follows: the subroutine starts to run, reads the switch value, if the increase button is selected, the density value increases by 0.01, otherwise the decrease button is executed Whether the operation is pressed, if so, the density value will decrease by 0.01, and then return to the start state of the subroutine, if not, also return to the start state of the subroutine, and so on.

Fig. 18 is the subroutine diagram of the control of the weight meter. The stepping pulse is output according to the suspended weight value of the finger weight meter, and the rotation of the stepping motor is controlled so that the pointer of the suspended weight points to the corresponding value. The working process can be roughly described as: The program starts to run, reads the suspension value of the weight table from the receiving buffer, if the suspension value is 0 and the suspension pointer itself is at zero, return directly; if the suspension value is 0 and the suspension pointer is not at zero Just control the stepper motor to rotate counterclockwise until the suspension weight pointer reaches zero. When the suspension weight value is not 0, first judge whether there is a change in the amount, if there is no change, return directly, and when there is a change, then judge whether the suspension weight value has increased It is still smaller, if it becomes larger, set the direction control flag of the stepping motor to 1 (rotate clockwise), if it becomes smaller, set the direction control flag of the stepping motor to 0 (rotate counterclockwise), and then calculate the difference of the suspension weight change , output 1 step pulse suspension weight difference minus 1 until 0 and then return.

Figure 19 is the flow chart of the main control program of the control panel on the side of the driller’s floor. Go to the sending buffer to judge whether the internal blowout preventer is closed. If the indicator light of the internal blowout preventer is on, then judge whether the hydraulic pump is running. If so, the hydraulic pump operation indicator light is on. Then the rotary head lock indicator light is on, otherwise it is off, then adjust the speed setting subroutine and torque setting subroutine, if the speed setting sign is 0 (the sign value is set in the speed setting subroutine) then Read the speed data from the receiving buffer and output it to D/A. If it is not the tachometer, it will display the speed value sent from the host PC, and then judge whether the torque setting flag is 0. If so, read the torque data from the receiving buffer and output it to D. /A, then return, otherwise return directly.

Figure 20 is a flow chart of the drilling torque setting program. The working process can be roughly described as: start the subroutine, read the A/D result, judge whether the setting knob is being adjusted, and if there is a change, it means that the operator is setting the drilling torque The upper limit value, at this time, the instrument will display the current adjustment value in real time. If there is no change within 3 seconds, it will be regarded as set. After that, the instrument will display the drilling torque value sent from the host PC, and finally Return to the subroutine.

As shown in Figure 6, the described remote console 105 includes a chassis and an internal control panel, and the front of the cabinet includes a remote console control panel 109, and the remote console control panel 109 is provided with an annular oil pressure regulator Valve 110, Manifold pressure regulating valve 111, Manifold pressure gauge 112, Energy storage pressure gauge 113, Annular oil pressure gauge 114, Bypass valve 115, Discharge valve 116, Semi-sealed ram control valve 117, Full-sealed ram Control valve 118, shear ram control valve 119, annular ram control valve 120, accumulator master switch 121, left accumulator switch 122 and right accumulator switch 123, the internal control board includes a The PLC of the remote control station and a valve controller, the programmable controller PLC2 of the remote control station is Siemens S7-200, as shown in Figure 7, the CPU module of the programmable controller PLC of the remote control station communicates with the AD module respectively Manifold pressure regulating valve 111 is connected with annular oil pressure regulating valve 110, connected with manifold pressure gauge 112 and accumulator pressure gauge 113 through DA module 1, connected with annular oil pressure gauge 114 through DA module 2, and through its switch value Input port and energy storage main switch 121, left road energy storage switch 122 and right road energy storage switch 123, the CPU module of remote control station programmable logic controller PLC is also output through twelve road switches (twelve road switches) The volume outputs are respectively used as the start control signal of the bypass valve, the opening or closing control signal of the bypass valve, the start control signal of the discharge valve, the opening or closing control signal of the discharge valve, the start control signal of the semi-closed gate control valve, the half-closed gate Plate control valve opening or closing control signal, fully enclosed ram control valve start control signal, fully enclosed ram control valve open or close control signal, shear ram control valve start control signal, shear ram control valve open or close control signal, ring gate control valve start control signal and ring gate control valve opening or closing control signal) are connected to the control input end of the valve controller, and the output of the valve controller is respectively connected to the bypass valve 115, the discharge valve 116, the half The sealing gate control valve 117, the full sealing gate control valve 118, the shearing gate control valve 119 and the annular gate control valve 120 are connected, the bypass valve 115, the discharge valve 116, the half sealing gate control valve 117, the full The sealing gate control valve 118, the shearing gate control valve 119 and the annular gate control valve 120 are respectively connected to the twelve-way switch input terminal of the programmable controller PLC of the remote control station through the feedback signal line (the twelve-way switch value The input is respectively used as bypass valve open/close feedback signal, discharge valve open/close feedback signal, semi-sealed ram control valve open/close feedback signal, fully-sealed ram control valve open/close feedback signal, shear ram control valve open/close feedback signal and ring gate control valve open/close feedback signal).

Among them, the manifold pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the manifold pressure, the annular oil pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the annular oil pressure, the manifold pressure gauge displays the manifold pressure value, the accumulator pressure gauge displays the accumulator pressure value, The annular oil pressure gauge displays the annular oil pressure value, the bypass valve is used to open or close the bypass pipeline, feedback the switch status of the bypass ram, the discharge valve is used to open or close the discharge pipeline, and feedback the switch of the discharge valve state, the accumulator main switch is used to open or close the accumulator main line.

Figure 21 is a flow chart of remote console control. The workflow can be roughly described as: when the control program starts, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize point-to-point communication with the blowout preventer. At the same time, the display instrument is initialized and the switch value is read. And store it in the internal buffer for subsequent processing; then read the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer, and then call NET_RW to send and receive data with the BOP console, and call ring, half-sealing, spraying, and cutting Cut the control subroutine, control the rotation of the stepper motor according to the operation of the preventer handle, so as to connect the control oil circuit of each blowout preventer, so as to control the opening or closing of the blowout preventer; Send the ring pressure adjustment value to the display buffer of the ring gauge. If the bypass is selected, send the manifold pressure adjustment value to the manifold pressure gauge display buffer, otherwise send the 21MPa display value to the gauge display buffer; If the switches are not connected, send 0 value to the instrument display buffer; then read data from the instrument display buffer to D/A, and finally return to read the switch value and store it in the internal buffer, and then cycle.

Figure 22 is a flow chart of the remote console control subroutine. The subroutine work flow can be roughly described as: the subroutine starts to run, reads the state of the BOP operating handle from the receiving buffer, and reads out the status for judging whether the BOP operating handle is If there is operation, the stepper motor rotates only when the operation handle of the BOP is operated. If the stepper motor does not rotate, it returns to the start state; otherwise, the control stepper motor rotation flag is set, and the rotation of the stepper motor is selected according to on or off. Direction, if it is open, set the direction control flag to 0 (indicating left turn), if it is closed, it will control the stepping motor rotation flag to clear, and then return to the start state, if it is not closed, it will return; if it is closed, set the direction The control flag is 1 (representing turning right), if it is in place, then the control stepper motor rotation flag is cleared, and then returns to the start state, if it is not in place, it also returns; and so on.

As shown in Figure 8, the throttle manifold 101 is composed of a throttle tube and a valve installed on the throttle tube, the throttle tube is installed on the throttle manifold frame 124, and the throttle tube consists of a horizontal tube It is vertically intersected with the standpipe, and both the horizontal pipe and the standpipe are provided with multiple flat valves. The horizontal pipe includes the upper horizontal pipe 125 of the throttle manifold and the lower horizontal pipe 126 of the throttle manifold, and the upper horizontal pipe 125 The two ends of the choke manifold are fixed on the frame 124 of the choke manifold. One end of the horizontal pipe 125 of the choke manifold is provided with a separator outlet 127, and the other end is provided with a spare outlet 128; the standpipe includes an overflow inlet pipe 129, a hydraulic Throttle pipe 130 and manual throttle pipe 131, overflow inlet pipe 129, hydraulic throttle pipe 130 and manual throttle pipe 131 lower ends are respectively provided with overflow inlet 132, hydraulic throttle valve 134 and manual throttle valve 135, The upper end of the overflow inlet pipe 129 is fixedly connected to the throttling manifold frame 124 .

Among them, the overflow inlet pipe 129 is cross-connected with the upper horizontal pipe 125 of the choke manifold and the lower horizontal pipe 126 of the choke manifold to form intersection a and b, and the upper part of the intersection a overflows A plate valve A is installed on the inlet pipe 129, a plate valve B and a plate valve C are installed on the overflow inlet pipe 129 between the intersection point a and the intersection point b in sequence, and a pressure gauge 191 is arranged at the intersection point b, and the intersection point b The lower overflow inlet pipe 129 is equipped with a discharge valve switch indicator light 133; the two ends of the throttle manifold lower horizontal pipe 126 are fixedly connected to the hydraulic throttle pipe 130 and the manual throttle pipe 131 respectively, forming a node c and node d, the choke manifold lower cross pipe 126 between intersection point b and node c is installed with plate valve D and plate valve E, and the choke manifold lower cross pipe 126 between intersection point b and node d Flat valve F and flat valve G are installed; the upper ends of hydraulic throttling tube 130 and manual throttling tube 131 are respectively connected to the upper horizontal tube 125 of the throttling manifold to form node e and node f, between node c and node e A plate valve H is installed on the hydraulic throttling tube 130, a hydraulic indicator light 136 is installed on the hydraulic throttling tube 131 at the lower part of node c, and a hydraulic throttling valve 134 is arranged at the end; between node d and node f A plate valve 1 is installed on the manual throttling pipe 131 of the node d, and a manual throttling valve 135 is arranged at the end of the manual throttling pipe 131 at the lower part of the node d; A plate valve J is provided, and a plate valve K is provided on the upper cross pipe 125 of the throttling manifold between the node f and the outlet 127 of the separator.

The working principle of the choke manifold is: when all work starts, the choke manifold should be set to a half-open state. On the choke console, if you choose the hydraulic throttling mode: as shown in Figure 23, open the flat valve D, flat valve E, flat valve H, flat valve G, flat valve B and flat valve J; close the needle Valve, flat valve F, flat valve C, flat valve I, flat valve A, flat valve K and manual throttle valve 12.

On the choke console, if manual throttling is selected: as shown in Figure 24, open the flat valve F, flat valve G, flat valve I, flat valve K, flat valve B, flat valve D and manual throttle 12; Close plate valve E, plate valve H, plate valve C, plate valve A and plate valve J.

As shown in Figure 9, the high-pressure manifold 102 is composed of high-pressure pipes and valves installed on the high-pressure pipes. The high-pressure pipes are installed on the high-pressure manifold frame 137, and the high-pressure pipes are vertically connected by horizontal pipes and vertical pipes. distribution, and in the middle part, the upper horizontal pipe 138 of the high-pressure manifold, the lower horizontal pipe 139 of the high-pressure manifold, the left vertical pipe 140, and the right vertical pipe 141 are connected to form a rectangle. The pipe also includes a left mud inlet pipe 142, a right mud inlet pipe 143, and a grout outlet pipe 143. The left end of the left mud inlet pipe 142 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame 137, and the left end of the left mud inlet pipe 142 is provided with a mud Inlet I 144, the right end of the right mud inlet pipe 151 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame 137, the right end of the right mud inlet pipe 151 is provided with a mud inlet II145, and the left end of the grouting outlet pipe 143 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame 137, the left end of the grouting outlet pipe 143 is provided with a grouting outlet 146; the standpipe also includes an upper standpipe 147 and a lower standpipe 148, and the upper end of the upper standpipe 147 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame 137, and the upper standpipe 147 The upper end is provided with a spare inlet 149 , the lower end of the lower standpipe 148 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure manifold frame 137 , and the lower end of the lower standpipe 148 is provided with a standpipe outlet 150 .

Wherein, the left mud inlet pipe 142 and the right mud inlet pipe 151 are respectively connected with the rectangular left riser 140 and the right riser 141 in a "T" shape to form node h and node i, the upper left riser of node h A flat valve L is installed on 140, a flat valve M is installed on the lower left riser 140 of the node h, a flat valve N is installed on the upper right riser 141 of the node i, and a flat plate is installed on the lower right riser 141 of the node i Valve O; the upper standpipe 147 and the lower standpipe 148 are respectively connected with the rectangular high-pressure manifold upper horizontal pipe 138 and the high-pressure manifold lower horizontal pipe 139 in a "T" shape to form node g and node j; the grouting outlet pipe 143 and the The lower riser 148 is connected in the shape of a "T" to form a node k. A flat valve P is installed on the grouting outlet pipe 143, and a flat valve Q is installed on the lower lower riser 148 of the node k.

The High Pressure Manifold works on the principle that at the start of all work the High Pressure Manifold should be set to the correct grout or circulation. On the choke console, if pump No. I is selected, set it to the grouting state: as shown in Figure 25, open the flat valve M, flat valve P, and flat valve N; close the flat valve L, flat valve O, and flat valve Q . Set to a cycle state: as shown in Figure 26, open the flat valve M, flat valve Q, and flat valve N; close the flat valve L, flat valve O, and flat valve P.

On the choke console, if pump II is selected, set it to the grouting state: as shown in Figure 27, open the flat valve O, flat valve P, and flat valve L; close the flat valve M, flat valve N, and flat valve Q . Set to cycle state: as shown in Figure 28, open the flat valve O, flat valve Q, and flat valve L; close the flat valve M, flat valve N, and flat valve P.

On the choke console, if dual pumps are selected, set it to the grouting state: as shown in Figure 29, open the flat valve M, flat valve O, and flat valve P; close the flat valve L, flat valve N, and flat valve Q. Set to a cycle state: as shown in Figure 30, open the flat valve M, flat valve O, and flat valve Q; close the flat valve L, flat valve N, and flat valve P.

As shown in Figure 10, the described BOP console 103 is characterized in that it includes a casing and an internal control panel, the front of the casing includes a BOP control panel 152, and the BOP control panel 152 is provided with Accumulator pressure gauge 153, annular BOP oil pressure gauge 154, air source pressure gauge 155, manifold pressure gauge 156, annular ram switch 157, annular ram open indicator 158, annular ram close indicator 159 , air source switch 160, bypass ram switch 164, upper half-sealed ram switch 161, upper half-sealed ram open indicator 162, upper half-sealed ram close indicator 163, full-sealed ram switch 165, full-sealed Ram open indicator light 166, fully sealed ram close indicator light 167, kill manifold ram switch 168, kill manifold open indicator light 169, kill manifold close indicator light 170, blowout valve switch 171, release Spray valve off indicator light 172, discharge valve open indicator light 173, lower half-sealed gate switch 174, lower half-sealed gate open indicator light 175 and lower half-sealed gate closed indicator light 176, the internal control board includes A BOP programmable controller PLC, the BOP programmable controller PLC2 is Siemens S7-200, as shown in Figure 11, the CPU module of the BOP programmable controller PLC is connected to the energy storage through DA module 1 The pressure gauge 153 is connected to the oil pressure gauge 154 of the annular BOP, and is connected to the gas source pressure gauge 155 and the manifold pressure gauge 156 through the DA module 2. The CPU module of the BOP programmable controller PLC is also input through its switch value Port and annular ram switch 157, gas source switch 160, bypass ram switch 164, upper half-seal ram switch 161, full-seal ram switch 165, kill manifold ram switch 168, discharge valve switch 171 and The lower half-sealed ram switch 174 is connected with the ring ram opening indicator light 158, the ring ram closing indicator light 159, the upper half-sealed ram opening indicator light 162, and the upper half-sealed ram closing indicator light through its switching output port. 163. Fully sealed ram open indicator 166 Fully sealed ram closed indicator 167. Kill pipe manifold open indicator 169. Kill pipe manifold closed indicator 170. Blowout valve off indicator 172. Blowout valve open indicator The light 173, the lower half-sealed ram opening indicator 175 and the lower half-sealed ram closing indicator 176 are connected; the CPU module of the BOP programmable controller PLC is also installed in the high-pressure manifold through its switching value input port and the The flat valve L, the flat valve M, the flat valve N, the flat valve O, the flat valve P and the flat valve Q on the high pressure pipe are connected.

Figure 31 is a control flow chart of the blowout preventer, and its working process can be roughly described as: when the control program starts, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize point-to-point communication with the remote control station, and at the same time, the indicator lights and display instruments all display Initialize, then read in the switching value and store it in the internal buffer for direct reading by the PC, then call NET RW to send and receive data with the remote console, and call the ring, half-sealing, spraying, and cutting control subroutines, which are Control the indicator light according to the operation handle and switching time of the preventer to show whether the switch of each preventer is in place, and then store the status of the indicator light (used to indicate the on/off state of the preventer) into the sending buffer, and then from the receiving The buffer reads the alarm control standard. If the alarm is selected, the alarm is turned on. If the alarm is not selected, the alarm is turned off. Finally, all return to read the switching value and store it in the sending buffer, and then cycle.

Fig. 32 is a flow chart of the annular BOP control subroutine, and its work flow can be roughly described as: the subroutine starts to run, and the state of the read-in switch includes the state of the operating handle of the BOP and the state of the operating handle of the remote console. For the remote station, if the air source on the BOP is turned on and the ring is turned on or the ring is turned on on the remote console, if the timing is up to 8 seconds, the indicator light of the ring BOP on is on, the indicator light of the ring BOP off is off, and then the sub The program returns, otherwise the subroutine returns; if the air source on the BOP is turned on and the ring is turned off or the ring is turned off on the remote console, the timing is 8 seconds, the ring BOP off indicator is on, and the ring BOP on indicator is off. Then the subroutine returns, otherwise the subroutine returns; if there is no connection to the remote station, the air source on the BOP is on and the ring is on, then it is timed for 8 seconds, the indicator light of the ring BOP on is on, the indicator light of the ring BOP off is off, and then The subroutine returns, if it is not timed for 8 seconds, it is still the subroutine return; the air source on the BOP is turned on and the ring is closed, if the timing is up for 8 seconds, the indicator light of the ring BOP off is on, and the indicator light of the ring BOP on is off , then the subroutine returns, otherwise the subroutine returns.

As shown in Figure 12, the choke console 103 includes a cabinet and an internal control panel, the front of the cabinet includes a choke control panel 177, and the choke control panel 177 is provided with a standpipe Pressure gauge 178, pump speed gauge 179, casing pressure gauge 180, hydraulic choke valve selection indicator light 181, double pump selection switch 182, choke valve selection switch 183, pump stroke number display 184, choke valve opening gauge 185. Manual choke valve selection indicator light 186, reset button 187, drilling rig air source switch 188, choke control valve switch 189 and choke valve speed adjustment knob 190, the internal control board includes a choke programmable The controller PLC and the choke programmable controller PLC2 are Siemens S7-200, as shown in Figure 13, the CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is respectively connected to the choke valve speed adjustment knob 190 through the AD module, through DA module 1 is connected to standpipe pressure gauge 178 and casing pressure gauge 180, connected to pump speed gauge 179 and choke valve opening gauge 185 through DA module 2, connected to choke data transceiver board through serial port, choke The data transceiver board is connected to the pump stroke number display 184 through the parallel port, and the CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC also communicates with the hydraulic choke valve selection indicator 181 and the manual choke valve selection indicator light through its switch output port respectively. 186 is connected, and is connected with double-pump selector switch 182, choke valve selector switch (183), reset button 187, drilling rig air source switch 188 and choke control valve switch 189 by its digital input port. The CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is connected to the host computer through the network interface; the CPU module of the choke programmable controller PLC is also installed on the choke tube through its switch input port and the choke manifold respectively. The flat valve A, flat valve B, flat valve C, flat valve D, flat valve E, flat valve F, flat valve G, flat valve H, flat valve I, flat valve J and flat valve K are connected, and the choke can be The CPU module of the programming controller PLC is respectively connected with the manual throttle valve 135 in the throttle manifold through the AD module, and connected with the pressure gauge 191 through the DA module 1 . .

As shown in Figure 36, the data transceiver board of the choke includes a serial port chip, a single-chip microcomputer, a latch and a bus buffer. The terminals are respectively connected with the sending data line and the receiving data line of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the latch and the bus buffer respectively through the bus, and the latch and the bus buffer output ports are connected to the pump stroke number display 184 through the parallel port. Pump number display 184 comprises address buffer, data buffer, comparator, decoder, dial switch, nixie tube drive chip and nixie tube, and the input port of address buffer, data buffer is all connected parallel port, and data buffer The output port is connected to the digital tube driver chip, the output port of the address buffer is respectively connected to one input end of the comparator and the decoder, the other input end of the comparator is connected to the dial switch, and the output port is connected to the enabling end of the decoder. The output terminal of the encoder is connected with the digital tube driving chip, and the output terminal of the digital tube driving chip is connected with the digital tube.

Figure 34 is a control flow chart of the choke, and its control program workflow can be roughly described as follows: when the control program is started, the initialization port initializes the port Port1 of the PLC to realize data communication with the LED display control board, and then reads into the switch (including double-pump selection switch, choke valve selection switch, reset switch, drilling rig air source switch and choke valve control switch switch input), and stored in the sending buffer for direct reading by PC communication; read again Enter the A/D result and store it in the sending buffer for direct reading by PC communication. Then judge whether it is the hydraulic mode or the manual mode. If the hydraulic mode is selected, the hydraulic indicator light will be turned on; if the manual mode is selected, the manual indicator light will be turned on. Then, read the data from the receiving buffer and output to D/A, which is used to control the display of standpipe pressure, casing pressure, pump speed and throttling speed and other instruments. Then use the serial port to send the data to the LED display control board, then re-read the switch value and store it in the sending buffer, and so on. In addition, since the entire system is a bus network composed of one PC and multiple PLCs, the PC acts as the master station, and the multiple PLCs act as slave stations, each communication is initiated by the master station, and the slave station monitors and judges whether there is any Send and receive requests for this site.

Figure 35 is a flow chart of the communication between the flow blocker and the PC. Its work flow can be roughly described as: the master station sends out a signal, if the slave station monitors that there is a request for sending and receiving with the station, and agrees to accept the request, the data will be accepted and stored in the receiving station. Buffer, and then return to continue monitoring; if there is no request to send and receive with this station, or if the request is not accepted and the request is not sent, it will return to the monitoring; if the request is not accepted but the request is agreed to be sent, the data will be read from the sending buffer and sent. Then return to the monitoring state, and so on.

Figure 37 is a flow chart of normal drilling, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool, remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to run or not Drilling, if it is to return to the control elevator, otherwise end this operation.

Fig. 38 is a flow chart of encountering obstacles when drilling, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start this operation, drill down normally, if encountering obstacles when drilling down, break through the obstacles, draw the eye, end this operation, and return if no obstacles are encountered .

Fig. 39 is a flow chart of drilling under fluctuating pressure. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool at a slow speed, and press the corresponding Press the button to remove the lifting ring, judge whether to continue drilling, if it is to return to start this operation, otherwise end this operation.

Figure 40 is a flow chart of normal tripping out, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift the drilling tool, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to trip out, if yes, return to start the operation, otherwise end the operation job.

Figure 41 is a flow chart of tripping out when stuck, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start this operation, run down the drill normally, if tripping out and encounter stuck, then cycle out the jamming, back-drill, end this operation, if no stuck Then return to normal drilling.

Figure 42 is a flow chart of controlling the suction pressure to pull out the drill, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift the drilling tool at a slow speed, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to continue the drill, and if so, return to the slow speed Lift the drilling tool, otherwise end the operation.

Figure 43 is a flow chart of normal drilling and column connection. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, normal drilling, column connection, lowering to a certain depth, and end the operation.

Fig. 44 is a flow chart of drilling under different formation drillability conditions. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, drill 1 meter in the first formation, and drill in the second formation. Drill 1 meter into the first stratum and 1 meter into the third stratum, put out the drill string, and end the operation.

Fig. 45 is the drilling flow chart of the drill under the hold-off, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, drill normally, if there is no hold-off, then drill normally, if there is hold-off, lift the drill string, change Rotate speed, drilling pressure, lower down to drill, judge whether the jump is weakened, if the jump is not weakened, return to lift the drill string, cycle until the jump is weakened, and then mark the jump section to end the operation.

Figure 46 is a flow chart of drilling in high-pressure formations. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate the mud, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud Density, continue to drill, connect the column, and finally end this operation.

Figure 47 is a flow chart of drilling in low-pressure formations, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate the mud, drill normally, judge whether there is a leakage, if there is no leakage, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, Continue to drill, connect the column, and finally end the operation.

Fig. 48 is a flow chart of judging and processing sticking stuck pipe. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill string, judge whether there is a fault on the ground, if there is no fault, continue to pull out the drill string, and stop if there is a fault Lower the drilling tool, move the drilling tool, circulate mud, move the drilling tool to release the stuck, and then judge whether it has been released, if not return to continue to remove the jam, until the release is completed, the operation is over.

Fig. 49 is a flow chart for the determination and processing of grit sinking stuck, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill normally, judge whether the grit is stuck, if not, return to the normal pull out, if the grit is stuck Then move the drilling tool and circulate the mud with a small displacement to judge whether the pump pressure is normal. If it is not normal, return to the circulating mud. If the pump pressure is normal, circulate the mud with a large displacement, and finally end the operation.

Fig. 50 is a flow chart for judging and processing of mud bag stuck drill, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, run-in with light pressure, drill normally, judge whether mud bag stuck drill, if not, return to normal tripping, If the mud bag sticks, increase the displacement to circulate the mud, ream at a high speed, adjust the mud performance, continue drilling, and finally end the operation.

Figure 51 is a flow chart of the male cone fishing process. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, rinse the fish head, lower the fish, and judge whether it is detected. If not, return to continue the lowering; If the fish is found, the buckle is drawn, the buckle is made, the drill string is tried to be lifted, the fish is raised, and the operation is finally completed.

Figure 52 is a flow chart of falling object grinding and milling. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, flush the bottom of the well, grind twice, continue grinding until the grinding shoe is damaged, and end the operation.

Figure 53 is a flow chart of normal drilling and shut-in operations, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start this operation, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, if overflow occurs, Open the choke manifold, close the annular BOP, upper half-block BOP, annular BOP, throttle valve, J2A plate valve, and then log the mud to end the operation.

Figure 54 is a flow chart of tripping and shutting in the well. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, unload the kelly, raise the vertical rod, and judge whether overflow is found. If no overflow is found, return to the vertical rod. If the overflow occurs, the blowout preventer of the drilling tool will be connected, the well will be shut down, the well will be logged, and the operation will be ended at last.

Figure 55 is a flow chart of drilling collar and shut-in operations. The working process can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether there is overflow, if no overflow is found, return to the drill collar, if overflow is found Then rush to connect the blowout prevention single rod, shut down the well, log the mud, and finally end the operation.

Figure 56 is a flow chart of emptying and shutting in the well, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether the overflow is large, if the overflow is large, shut down the well, log, and finally end the operation Operation; if the overflow is small, connect the blowout prevention single rod, shut down the well, log the mud, and finally end the operation.

Figure 57 is a flow chart of the driller’s well killing operation. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, discharge the invaded sludge, and judge whether it has been discharged. If not, return to discharge Invaded sludge; if it has been drained, increase the mud density, kill the well with heavy mud, and judge whether the well is killed. If not, return to continue killing the well. If the well has been killed, end the operation.

Figure 58 is the flow chart of the well killing operation by the engineer method. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, increase the mud density, and then kill the well with heavy mud, and judge whether the well killing is completed. If not, then Return to continue killing the well, if the well killing has been completed, the operation will end.

Figure 59 is a flow chart of the well killing operation of the super-heavy mud driller method. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, prepare super-heavy mud, pump in super-heavy mud, and judge whether the cycle is completed. If the cycle is complete, then adjust the mud density , kill the well with the killing mud, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue killing the well, and end the operation if the well killing has been completed.

Claims (9)

1. distributed well drilling simulation system is characterized in that it comprises throttle manifold (101), high pressure pipe joint (102), preventer control desk (103), flow plug control desk (104), remote console (105), driller's control cabinet (106), teacher's control desk (107) and graphic projection unit (108); Teacher's control desk (107) is made up of main control computer and graphic computer, driller's control cabinet (106), main control computer and graphic computer are interconnected by ICP/IP protocol, graphic projection unit (108) is connected with the graphics process computing machine, driller's control cabinet (106), remote console (105), preventer control desk (103) and flow plug control desk (104) are interconnected by Siemens's peer-peer protocol PPI agreement, teacher's control desk is interconnected by PPI interface and PPI agreement, throttle manifold (101) is connected with flow plug control desk (104), and high pressure pipe joint (102) is connected with preventer control desk (103);

Driller's control cabinet (106) comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's station front control panel (1), the side of cabinet is provided with driller's station side control panel (45), wherein: described driller's station front control panel (1) is provided with the tensimeter group, weight indicator (6), rotary torque indicator (9), backing sheet (12), switches set, button groups A, display group, winch speed controller (24) and brake lever (42), described tensimeter group comprises bleed pressure table (2), cooling water pressure table (3), winch oil pressure gauge (4), rotating disk oil pressure gauge (5), cat head tensimeter (7), Pump pressure meter (10), tong tensimeter (11), left side pincers tensimeter (13), right pincers tensimeter (14) and safety tongs tensimeter (15), described switches set comprises left cat head switch (16), right cat head switch (17), Hydraulic Station off-load switch (18), protection reset switch (19), air horn switch (20), the rotating disk switch (21) of being used to stop, pneumatic inching switch (22), backup circuit breaker (23), brake hard switch (43) and parking braking switch (44), described button groups comprises a button (25), No. two buttons (26), route button (27), No. four buttons (28), No. five buttons (29), No. six buttons (30), No. seven buttons (31), No. eight buttons (32), No. nine buttons (33), No. ten buttons (34), ride on Bus No. 11 button (35), ten No. two buttons (36), ten route buttons (37) and ten No. four buttons (38), described display group comprises parameter display (8), mud density display (39), mud viscosity display (40) and mud dehydration display (41);

Driller's control cabinet (106) internal control plate comprises driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC1 and driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC2, the CPU module of driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC1 links to each other with brake lever (42) with winch speed controller (24) by the AD module respectively, by DA module and bleed pressure table (2), cooling water pressure table (3), winch oil pressure gauge (4), rotating disk oil pressure gauge (5), cat head tensimeter (7), rotary torque indicator (9), Pump pressure meter (10), tong tensimeter (11), backing sheet (12), left side pincers tensimeter (13), right pincers tensimeters (14) are connected with safety tongs tensimeter (15), by digital input and output enlargement module and weight indicator (6), brake hard switch (43) is connected with parking braking switch (44), be connected with the input end of weight indicator controller by its switching value output port, the weight indicator controller output end is connected with weight indicator, by its switching value input port and left cat head switch (16), right cat head switch (17), Hydraulic Station off-load switch (18), protection reset switch (19), air horn switch (20), the rotating disk switch (21) of being used to stop, pneumatic inching switch (22), backup circuit breaker (23), a button (25), No. two buttons (26), route button (27), No. four buttons (28), No. five buttons (29), No. six buttons (30), No. seven buttons (31), No. eight buttons (32), No. nine buttons (33), No. ten buttons (34), ride on Bus No. 11 button (35), ten No. two buttons (36), ten route buttons (37) are connected with ten No. four buttons (38), simultaneously also by a switching value output port and a button (25), No. two buttons (26), route button (27), No. four buttons (28), No. five buttons (29), No. six buttons (30), No. seven buttons (31) are connected with No. eight buttons (32), the CPU module of driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC1 also is connected with driller's station data transmit-receive plate by serial ports, and driller's station data transmit-receive plate is by parallel port and mud density display (39), mud viscosity display (40) is connected with mud dehydration display (41);

Driller's station side control panel (45) comprises the pilot lamp group, the selector valve group, button groups B, the variable valve group, torque meter (96) and tachometer gage (97), described pilot lamp group comprises Programmable Logic Controller PLC1 pilot lamp (46), Programmable Logic Controller PLC2 pilot lamp (47), generator 1 pilot lamp (48), generator 2 pilot lamp (49), generator 3 pilot lamp (50), generator 4 pilot lamp (51), steam piano A pilot lamp (52), slurry pump B pilot lamp (53), steam piano C pilot lamp (54), winch A pilot lamp (55), winch B pilot lamp (56), brill dish pilot lamp (57), constant speed is sent brill or constant voltage to send and is bored pilot lamp (58), inner blowout preventer pilot lamp (75), hydraulic pump run indicator (76), swiveling head locking pilot lamp (77), brake indicating lamp (80), fault alarm pilot lamp (98) and ready light (81), described selector valve group comprises PLC work selector valve (59), machine operation selector valve (60), winchman's valve (61) that elects, the steam piano A selector valve (65) of working, slurry pump B work selector valve (66), steam piano C selector valve (67) the disk operation selector valve (68) of working, the winch constant speed is sent and is bored or constant voltage is sent driller the valve (69) that elects, suspension ring revolution selector valve (78), inner blowout preventer work selector valve (82), hydraulic pump selector valve (83), swiveling head locking selector valve (84), back-up tong work selector valve (85), suspension ring inclination selector valve (86), brake working mode selection valve (87), non-productive operation selector valve (90), fanman's valve (91) that elects, selection of Motor valve (92), mode of operation selector valve (93) and sense of rotation selector valve (94), described button groups comprises complete machine emergency stop push button (62), frequency conversion system emergency stop push button (63), brill dish torque adjustment knob (64), steam piano A adjusting knob (70), slurry pump B adjusting knob (71), steam piano C adjusting knob (72), rotary speed adjusting knob (73), constant voltage is sent and is bored the pressure of the drill adjusting knob (74), suspension ring meta button (79), mute button (88) and scram button (89), described variable valve group comprise that torque wrench moment limits variable valve (95), drilling well torque limiting variable valve (99) and speed setting variable valve (100);

The CPU module of driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC2 is respectively by AD module and brill dish torque adjustment knob (64), steam piano A adjusting knob (70), slurry pump B adjusting knob (71), steam piano C adjusting knob (72), rotary speed adjusting knob (73), constant voltage is sent and is bored the pressure of the drill adjusting knob (74), torque wrench moment limits variable valve (95), drilling well torque limiting variable valve (99) is connected with speed setting variable valve (100), be connected with tachometer gage (97) with torque meter (96) by the DA module, by digital input and output enlargement module and brake indicating lamp (80), fault alarm pilot lamp (98), ready light (81), mute button (88) and scram button (89), brake working mode selection valve (87), non-productive operation selector valve (90), fanman's valve (91) that elects, selection of Motor valve (92), mode of operation selector valve (93) is connected with sense of rotation selector valve (94), by its switching value output port and PLC1 pilot lamp (46), PLC2 pilot lamp (47), generator 1 pilot lamp (48), generator 2 pilot lamp (49), generator 3 pilot lamp (50), generator 4 pilot lamp (51), steam piano A pilot lamp (52), slurry pump B pilot lamp (53), steam piano C pilot lamp (54), winch A pilot lamp (55), winch B pilot lamp (56), brill dish pilot lamp (57), constant speed is sent brill or constant voltage to send and is bored pilot lamp (58), inner blowout preventer pilot lamp (75), hydraulic pump run indicator (76) is connected with swiveling head locking pilot lamp (77), by its switch input terminal mouth and PLC work selector valve (59), machine operation selector valve (60), winchman's valve (61) that elects, complete machine emergency stop push button (62), frequency conversion system emergency stop push button (63), the steam piano A selector valve (65) of working, slurry pump B work selector valve (66), the steam piano C selector valve (67) of working, disk operation selector valve (68), the winch constant speed is sent and is bored or constant voltage is sent driller the valve (69) that elects, suspension ring revolution selector valve (78), suspension ring meta button (79), inner blowout preventer work selector valve (82), hydraulic pump selector valve (83), swiveling head locking selector valve (84), back-up tong work selector valve (85) is connected with suspension ring inclination selector valve (86);

Remote console (105) comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet comprises a control platform control panel (109) far away, control platform control panel far away (109) is provided with annular oil pressure adjusting valve (110), manifold pressure variable valve (111), manifold pressure table (112), energy storage tensimeter (113), annular oil pressure gauge (114), by-pass valve (115), open flow valve (116), partly seal flashboard operation valve (117), blind rams operation valve (118), cutter ram operation valve (119), annular damper operation valve (120), accumulator master switch (121), left side road accumulator switch (122) and right wing accumulator switch (123), described internal control plate comprises a control platform Programmable Logic Controller PLC far away and a valve positioner, the CPU module of control platform Programmable Logic Controller PLC far away is connected with annular oil pressure adjusting valve (110) with manifold pressure variable valve (111) by the AD module respectively, be connected with accumulator pressure table (113) with manifold pressure table (112) by DA module 1, be connected with annular oil pressure gauge (114) by DA module 2, by its switching value input port and accumulator master switch (121), left side road accumulator switch (122) and right wing accumulator switch (123), the CPU module of control platform Programmable Logic Controller PLC far away also connects the control input end of valve positioner by the output of ten two-way switch amounts, the output of valve positioner respectively with by-pass valve (115), open flow valve (116), partly seal flashboard operation valve (117), blind rams operation valve (118), cutter ram operation valve (119) is connected with annular damper operation valve (120), by-pass valve (115), open flow valve (116), partly seal flashboard operation valve (117), blind rams operation valve (118), cutter ram operation valve (119) and annular damper operation valve (120) insert the ten two-way switch amount input ports of control platform Programmable Logic Controller PLC far away respectively by feedback signal line;

It is made up of throttle manifold (101) choker-line and the valve that is installed on the choker-line, choker-line is installed on the throttle manifold frame (124), choker-line is distributed by transverse tube and standpipe square crossing, be provided with a plurality of flat valves on transverse tube and the standpipe, transverse tube comprises throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) and throttle manifold lower transverse tubule (126), the two ends of throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) are fixed on the throttle manifold frame (124), throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) one ends are provided with separator outlet (127), and the other end is provided with standby outlet (128); Standpipe comprises overflow inlet tube (129), the choker-line that surges (130) and manual choker-line (131), overflow inlet tube (129), the choker-line that surges (130) and manual choker-line (131) lower end are provided with overflow inlet (132), the throttling valve that surges (134) and manual throttle valve (135) respectively, and overflow inlet tube (129) upper end is fixed on the throttle manifold frame (124);

High pressure pipe joint (102) is made up of high-voltage tube and the valve that is installed on the high-voltage tube, high-voltage tube is installed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), high-voltage tube vertically is connected distribution by transverse tube with standpipe, and at the middle part by high pressure pipe joint upper lateral tube (138), high pressure pipe joint lower transverse tubule (139), left side standpipe (140), right standpipe (141) engages and constitutes rectangle, be provided with a plurality of flat valves on transverse tube and the standpipe, transverse tube also comprises left mud entrance pipe (142), right mud entrance pipe (143), grouting outlet (143), the left end of left side mud entrance pipe (142) is fixed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), the left end end of left side mud entrance pipe (142) is provided with mud entrance I (144), the right-hand member of right mud entrance pipe (151) is fixed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), the right-hand member end of right mud entrance pipe (151) is provided with mud entrance II (145), grouting outlet (143) left end is fixed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), and grouting outlet (143) left end end is provided with grouting outlet (146); Standpipe also comprises upper riser (147), lower standing tube (148), upper riser (147) upper end is fixed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), end, upper riser (147) upper end is provided with standby inlet (149), lower standing tube (148) lower end is fixed on the high pressure pipe joint frame (137), and lower standing tube (148) end, lower end is provided with stand-pipe output (150);

Preventer control desk (103) comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet comprises a preventer control panel (152), preventer control panel (152) is provided with accumulator pressure table (153), annular preventer oil pressure gauge (154), bleed pressure table (155), manifold pressure table (156), annular damper switch (157), annular damper is opened pilot lamp (158), annular damper closes pilot lamp (159), gas source switch (160), bypass flashboard switch (164), first envelope flashboard switch (161), first envelope flashboard is opened pilot lamp (162), first envelope flashboard closes pilot lamp (163), blind rams switch (165), blind rams is opened pilot lamp (166), blind rams closes pilot lamp (167), kill manifold flashboard switch (168), kill manifold is opened pilot lamp (169), kill manifold closes pilot lamp (170), open flow threshold switch (171), the open flow valve closes pilot lamp (172), the open flow valve is opened pilot lamp (173), second envelope flashboard switch (174), pilot lamp (175) opened by second envelope flashboard and second envelope flashboard closes pilot lamp (176), described internal control plate comprises a preventer Programmable Logic Controller PLC, the CPU module of preventer Programmable Logic Controller PLC is connected with annular preventer oil pressure gauge (154) with accumulator pressure table (153) by DA module 1 respectively, be connected with manifold pressure table (156) with bleed pressure table (155) by DA module 2, the CPU module of preventer Programmable Logic Controller PLC is also respectively by its switching value input port and annular damper switch (157), gas source switch (160), bypass flashboard switch (164), first envelope flashboard switch (161), blind rams switch (165), kill manifold flashboard switch (168), open flow threshold switch (171) is connected with second envelope flashboard switch (174), opens pilot lamp (158) by its switching value output port and annular damper, annular damper closes pilot lamp (159), first envelope flashboard is opened pilot lamp (162), first envelope flashboard closes pilot lamp (163), blind rams is opened pilot lamp (166) blind rams and is closed pilot lamp (167), kill manifold is opened pilot lamp (169), kill manifold closes pilot lamp (170), the open flow valve closes pilot lamp (172), the open flow valve is opened pilot lamp (173), second envelope flashboard is opened pilot lamp (175) and is connected with second envelope flashboard pass pilot lamp (176); The CPU module of preventer Programmable Logic Controller PLC also is connected by flat valve L, flat valve M, flat valve N, flat valve 0, flat valve P and the flat valve Q that is installed on the high-voltage tube in its switching value input port and the high pressure pipe joint respectively;

Flow plug control desk (103) comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet comprises a flow plug control panel (177), flow plug control panel (177) is provided with standpipe pressure table (178), pump speed table (179), casing pressure table (180), the choke valve that surges is selected pilot lamp (181), double pump selector switch (182), choke valve selector switch (183), pumping speed display (184), choke valve aperture table (185), manually choke valve is selected pilot lamp (186), reset button (187), rig gas source switch (188), flow plug operation valve switch (189) and choke valve speed adjusting knob (190), described internal control plate comprises a flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC, the CPU module of flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC is connected with choke valve speed adjusting knob (190) by the AD module respectively, be connected with casing pressure table (180) with standpipe pressure table (178) by DA module 1, be connected with choke valve aperture table (185) with pump speed table (179) by DA module 2, be connected with flow plug data transmit-receive plate by serial ports, flow plug data transmit-receive plate is connected with pumping speed display (184) by the parallel port, the CPU module of flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC also selects pilot lamp (181) to select pilot lamp (186) to be connected with manual choke valve by its switching value output port and the choke valve that surges respectively, by its switching value input port and double pump selector switch (182), choke valve selector switch (183), reset button (187), rig gas source switch (188) is connected with flow plug operation valve switch (189); The CPU module of flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC also is connected by flat valve A, flat valve B, flat valve C, flat valve D, flat valve E, flat valve F, flat valve G, flat valve H, flat valve I, flat valve J and the flat valve K that is installed on the choker-line in its switching value input port and the throttle manifold respectively, the CPU module of flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC is connected with manual throttle valve (135) in the throttle manifold by the AD module respectively, is connected with tensimeter (191) by DA module 1.

2. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described driller's station data transmit-receive plate comprises serial port chip, single-chip microcomputer, latch and bus buffer, the serial port chip input end is connected by the serial port of serial ports with driller's station Programmable Logic Controller PLC1, the serial port chip output terminal is connected with the reception data line with the transmission data line of single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer also connects latch and bus buffer respectively by bus, and the output port of latch and bus buffer is by parallel port and mud density display (39), mud viscosity display (40) is connected with mud dehydration display (41).

3. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described mud density display (39), mud viscosity display (40) and mud dehydration display (41) include address buffer, data buffer, comparer, code translator, toggle switch, charactron chip for driving and charactron, address buffer, the input port of data buffer all connects the parallel port, the data buffer output port connects digital pipe driving chip, the address buffer output port connects the input end and the code translator of comparer respectively, another input end of comparer connects toggle switch, output port connects the Enable Pin of code translator, decoder output links to each other with the charactron chip for driving, and charactron chip for driving output terminal connects charactron.

4. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described flow plug data transmit-receive plate comprises serial port chip, single-chip microcomputer, latch and bus buffer, the serial port chip input end is connected by the serial port of serial ports with flow plug Programmable Logic Controller PLC, the serial port chip output terminal is connected with the reception data line with the transmission data line of single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer also connects latch and bus buffer respectively by bus, and latch is connected pumping speed display (184) with the bus buffer output port by the parallel port.

5. according to claim 1 and 4 described distributed well drilling simulation systems, it is characterized in that described pumping speed display (184) comprises address buffer, data buffer, comparer, code translator, toggle switch, charactron chip for driving and charactron, address buffer, the input port of data buffer all connects the parallel port, the data buffer output port connects digital pipe driving chip, the address buffer output port connects the input end and the code translator of comparer respectively, another input end of comparer connects toggle switch, output port connects the Enable Pin of code translator, decoder output links to each other with the charactron chip for driving, and charactron chip for driving output terminal connects charactron.

6. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 1, the overflow inlet tube (129) that it is characterized in that throttle manifold (101) all is the cross connection of " ten " word with throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) and throttle manifold lower transverse tubule (126), form point of crossing a and point of crossing b, on the top overflow inlet tube (129) of point of crossing a flat valve A is installed, on the overflow inlet tube (129) between point of crossing a and the point of crossing b flat valve B is installed in turn, flat valve C, b place, point of crossing is provided with tensimeter (191), and open flow threshold switch pilot lamp (133) is installed on the point of crossing b bottom overflow inlet tube (129); The two ends of throttle manifold lower transverse tubule (126) are fixed in respectively on choker-line that surges (130) and the manual choker-line (131), form node c and node d, on the throttle manifold lower transverse tubule (126) between point of crossing b and the node c flat valve D, flat valve E are installed, on the throttle manifold lower transverse tubule (126) between point of crossing b and the node d flat valve F, flat valve G are installed; Surge choker-line (130) and manually choker-line (131) upper end join with throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) respectively, form node e and node f, on the choker-line that surges (130) between node c and the node e flat valve H is installed, node c surges the bottom and the pilot lamp that surges (136) is installed on the choker-line (131), and the end is provided with the throttling valve that surges (134); On the manual choker-line (131) between node d and the node f flat valve I is installed, is provided with manual throttle valve (135) in the manual choker-line in node d bottom (131) end; Throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) between node e and the standby outlet (128) is provided with flat valve J, and the throttle manifold upper lateral tube (125) between node f and the separator outlet (127) is provided with flat valve K.

7. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 1, the left mud entrance pipe (142), the right mud entrance pipe (151) that it is characterized in that high pressure pipe joint (102) are " T " word with the left standpipe (140) of rectangle with right standpipe (141) respectively and are connected, form node h and node i, on the top left side standpipe (140) of node h flat valve L is installed, on the bottom left side standpipe (140) of node h flat valve M is installed, on the right standpipe in the top of node i (141) flat valve N is installed, on the lower right standpipe (141) of node i flat valve 0 is installed; Upper riser (147), lower standing tube (148) respectively with the high pressure pipe joint upper lateral tube (138) of rectangle, high pressure pipe joint lower transverse tubule (139) is " T " word and connects, and forms node g and node j; Grouting outlet (143) is " T " word with lower standing tube (148) and is connected, and forms node k, on the grouting outlet (143) flat valve P is installed, and on the bottom lower standing tube (148) of node k flat valve Q is installed.

8. distributed well drilling simulation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described optical projection system (108) comprises one or more projector and a large scale screen.

9. the method for operating of distributed well drilling simulation system is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps: bore under (1); (2) pull out of hole; (3) creep into; (4) accident and complex situations are handled; (5) closing well; (6) kill-job;

Wherein, the described step of boring down also comprises following substep: (a) normal brill down; (b) slacking off; (c) bore under the control wave dynamic pressure;

Described trip-out step also comprises following substep: (a) the normal trip-out; (b) card is met in trip-out; (c) suction Controlled pressure pulls out of hole;

The described step of creeping into also comprises following substep: (a) normally creep into and connect column; (b) Different Strata drillability; (c) suppress creeping into of jumping off; (d) high pressure formation creeps into; (e) low-pressure stratum creeps into;

Described accident and complex situations treatment step also comprise following substep: (a) adhere to bit freezing; (b) sand setting bit freezing; (c) balling-up sticking; (d) die nipple is salvaged; (e) junk milling;

Described closing well step also comprises following substep: (a) normally creep into and the closing well operation; (b) play the operation of drilling rod closing well; (c) very closing well operation of trip-out; (d) empty well and closing well operation;

Described kill-job step also comprises following substep: (a) driller's method kill-job; (b) slip-stick artist's valve kill-job; (c) overweight mud driller's method kill-job.

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