CN201556349U - Portable drilling simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portable drilling simulator, which comprises a main control computer, a graphics processing computer, a choke console and a blowout preventer console. The serial interface is respectively connected with the choke console and the BOP console; the BOP console includes a BOP control panel. There is a choke manifold control area, a high pressure manifold control area on the lower right side, and a choke control console including a choke control panel. The utility model integrates conventional blowout preventer console, choke manifold, high-pressure manifold and choke console, realizes the simulated operation of multiple devices on one control panel, improves training efficiency, shortens It shortens the training cycle, reduces training costs, and is small in size, easy to carry and use.

Description

Portable Drilling Simulator

technical field

The utility model relates to a drilling simulation device, in particular to a portable drilling simulator.

Background technique

The petroleum industry is a technology-intensive industry, and drilling operations are one of the important means for the petroleum industry to obtain reserves and increase production capacity. Due to the limitation of oil drilling production conditions and the complexity of downhole conditions, oil drilling operations are facing great risks. In order to obtain better production efficiency and economic benefits and reduce the occurrence of man-made accidents, it is very important to train the technical skills of drilling site operators and engineering technicians.

At present, drilling operation training is mainly carried out on the production site. Due to the constraints of various conditions and factors, the training content is greatly limited, and the training system, training effect and number of trainees are greatly affected.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiency of the existing oil drilling operation training technology and provide a portable drilling simulator based on computer simulation technology. The simulator can realistically simulate the drilling process with reference to the actual operation process of the drilling operation site , improve the training effect, shorten the training period, reduce the training cost, improve the driller's and team leader's operation level and the ability to analyze, judge and deal with complex underground situations.

The purpose of the invention of the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: a portable drilling simulator, which includes a main control computer, a graphics processing computer, a choke console and a blowout preventer console, and the main control computer and the graphics processing computer pass through a local area network. Interconnection, the main control computer is respectively connected with the choke console and the BOP console through the serial interface.

The blowout preventer console includes the chassis and the internal control panel. The front of the chassis includes a blowout preventer control panel. The left side of the blowout preventer control panel is equipped with a blowout preventer control area, and the upper right part is equipped with a choke manifold control area. , The lower part of the right side is equipped with a high-pressure manifold control area.

The BOP control area is equipped with ram BOP oil pressure gauge, ring BOP oil pressure gauge, air source switch, ring switch, ring open indicator light, ring close indicator light, upper half seal switch, upper half seal On indicator light, upper half seal off indicator light, full seal switch, full seal open indicator light, full seal off indicator light, kill manifold switch, kill manifold open indicator light, kill manifold close indicator light, release Spray valve switch, spray valve off indicator light, spray valve open indicator light, lower half seal switch, lower half seal open indicator light and lower half seal close indicator light.

On the choke manifold control area, parallel lines and vertical lines are cross-connected by "+" to form intersection points a, b, c, d, e, f, and a flat valve B is installed on the parallel line at the left end of intersection point a. A plate valve E is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point a, a plate valve A is provided on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection point b, and plate valves D and G are arranged sequentially on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point b. A plate valve C is provided on the parallel line at the right end of the point c, a plate valve F is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point c, and plate valves H and I are provided on the right end of the intersection point d and the parallel line at the left end of the intersection point e , a hydraulic indicator light is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point d, and a discharge valve switch indicator light is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point e, and on the parallel lines at the right end of the intersection point e and the left end of the intersection point f Flat valves J and K are provided, and a manual throttling valve is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point f.

In the high-pressure manifold control area, parallel lines and vertical lines are cross-connected in a "T" form to form intersections g, h, i, j, k, and a flat valve L is installed on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection h. A flat valve N is set on the vertical line at the lower end of h, a flat valve M is set on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection point i, a flat valve O is set on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point i, and a parallel line is set at the left end of the intersection point k There is a plate valve P on the top, and a plate valve Q is set on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection k.

The internal control board of the blowout preventer console consists of a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits, gas source switch, ring switch, upper half-seal switch, full-seal switch, kill manifold switch, discharge valve switch, lower half-seal switch and flat valve A～plate valve Q is connected to the latch A through the buffer, the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port of the single chip microcomputer, the manual throttle valve is connected to the multiplexer, and the output of the multiplexer is connected to the operation Amplifier, the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the latch A through the A/D converter, and the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port of the microcontroller, and the input and output port is also used as a data output connection latch B, the output of the latch B is connected to the D/A converter, the output of the D/A converter is connected to the operational amplifier B, the output of the operational amplifier B is connected to the field effect tube, and the output of the field effect tube is respectively connected to the oil of the ram BOP The pressure gauge and the oil pressure gauge of the annular blowout preventer are connected. Another data input and output port of the single chip microcomputer is connected to the parallel interface, and the parallel interface is connected to the driver. Upper half-seal off indicator light, fully-sealed open indicator light, fully-sealed off indicator light, kill pipe manifold open indicator light, kill manifold close indicator light, blowout valve close indicator light, blowout valve open light indicator, down The semi-seal open indicator light, the lower half-seal close indicator light, the hydraulic indicator light and the discharge valve switch indicator light are connected, and the two-digit output of the third input and output port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the address decoder through the latch B, and the address The outputs of the decoder are respectively connected to the selected control terminals of the parallel interface, the D/A converter and the A/D converter.

Ram blowout preventer oil pressure gauge is used to display the oil pressure value of the ram blowout preventer, ring blowout preventer oil pressure gauge displays the ring blowout preventer oil pressure value, air source switch, ring switch, upper half seal switch, full seal Switch, kill manifold switch, blowout valve switch, lower half seal switch are used to open or close the gas source, annular blowout preventer, upper half seal, full seal, kill manifold, blowout valve, lower half seal , the ring open/close indicator light, the upper half seal open indicator light, the full seal open indicator light, the kill pipe confluence open indicator light, the blowout valve open indicator light, and the lower half seal open indicator light are respectively used to indicate the annular blowout preventer , upper half seal, full seal, kill manifold, blowout valve, lower half seal open/close, the hydraulic indicator light is used to display the hydraulic adjustment throttle valve, and the blowout valve switch indicator light on the throttle manifold It is used to display the switch of the discharge valve, the manual throttle valve is used to manually adjust the opening of the throttle valve, and the flat valve is used to open/close the flat valve.

The workflow of the BOP console is roughly as follows: the initialization program completes the initialization of the serial port, parallel port and other ports on the internal control board to realize point-to-point communication with the remote control console, as well as the initial value setting of the indicator lights and related parameters on the panel, Then read in the switch value and store it in the internal buffer for sending the switch status from the serial port to the master, then read in the A/D result and store it in the internal buffer for A/D conversion from the serial port The final value is sent to the main control machine, and then output data to the indicator light, which control the display of the indicator light according to the switch state, output data to the pressure gauge to display the initial value, the oil pressure gauge of the ram blowout preventer and the oil pressure gauge of the ring blowout preventer The pressure gauge displays the value of the initial state, and then accepts the command and data of the main control computer, and the single-chip microcomputer accepts the command and data of the main control computer in an interrupt mode. The interrupt process is to read the value of the SBuf of the serial port of the single-chip microcomputer. The command sent by the computer, and then interrupted to return, output data to D/A, used to control the display of the ram BOP oil pressure gauge and annular BOP oil pressure gauge, and finally send data from the serial port, the single-chip microcomputer will interrupt the The data is sent to the main control computer, and the interrupt process is to read the value of the SBuf of the serial port of the single chip microcomputer. If SBuf=1 is false, send the data to the main control computer, and then interrupt and return, and this loops.

The choke console includes a chassis and an internal control circuit board. The front of the chassis includes a choke control panel. The choke control panel is equipped with standpipe pressure gauges, casing pressure gauges, throttle valve opening gauges, and displays. group, knob group, switch group and illuminated button group, wherein, the display group includes pump stroke number display, parameter display A and parameter display B, and the knob group includes throttle valve speed adjustment knob, increase button A, decrease button A , increase button B, decrease button B, throttle adjustment knob and pump stroke adjustment knob, the switch group includes throttle adjustment valve switch, pump clutch switch, turntable clutch switch, cat head selection switch and drum clutch switch, button with light Including No. 1 illuminated button, No. 2 illuminated button, No. 3 illuminated button, No. 4 illuminated button, No. 5 illuminated button, No. 6 illuminated button, No. 7 illuminated button, No. 8 illuminated button, 10 Illuminated button 1, Illuminated button 12, Illuminated button 13, Illuminated button 14, Illuminated button 15, Illuminated button 16, Illuminated button 17 and 18 number illuminated button.

The internal control circuit board of the choke console is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuits. There are twenty-five button groups with lights, switch groups, increase button A, decrease button A, increase button B and decrease button B. The switch value input is connected to the buffer, the output of the buffer is connected to the latch A, and the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port of the single chip microcomputer; the throttle valve speed adjustment knob, the throttle adjustment knob and the pump stroke adjustment The three analog quantities of the knobs are connected to the multiplexer, the output of the multiplexer is connected to the operational amplifier A, the output of the operational amplifier A is connected to the A/D converter, and the output of the A/D converter is connected to the latch A; The input and output port is also used as a data output port, and its output is connected to the latch B. The output of the latch B is divided into two channels, one is connected to the D/A converter, and the output of the D/A converter is connected to the operational amplifier B. The output of B is connected to the field effect tube, the output of the field effect tube is connected to the standpipe pressure gauge, the casing pressure gauge and the throttle valve opening gauge respectively, the other output of the latch B is connected to the parallel port, and the output of the parallel port is connected to the pump The number and parameter display driver, the output of the pump stroke number and parameter display driver are respectively connected to the pump stroke number display, parameter display A and parameter display B; another data input and output port of the single-chip computer is connected to the parallel interface, and the parallel interface is connected to the driver. The output of the driver Connect with the button group with lights; the two-digit output of the third input and output port of the microcontroller is connected to the address decoder through the latch B, and the output of the address decoder is respectively connected to the parallel interface, D/A converter and A/D The selected console of the converter.

The pump stroke number and parameter display driver includes an address buffer, a data buffer, a comparator, a decoder, a code switch, a digital tube driver chip and a digital tube, and the input terminals of the address buffer and the data buffer are connected to the parallel port. The output of the data buffer is connected to the digital tube driver chip, and the output of the digital tube driver chip is respectively connected to the digital tubes of the pump stroke display, parameter display A and parameter display B; the address buffer output is respectively connected to the comparator and decoder, and the comparator The other input terminal of the comparator is connected to the code switch, the output of the comparator is connected to the enabling terminal of the decoder, one output terminal of the decoder is connected to the write control terminal of the digital tube driver chip, and the other output terminal of the decoder is triggered The device is connected to the mode control terminal of the digital tube driver chip.

The working process of the choke console is roughly as follows: the system initialization completes the initialization of the serial port, parallel port and other ports on the internal control board, and the initial value setting of the relevant parameters of the indicator lights on the panel, and then reads in the switching value and stores it in the internal The buffer is used to send the switch state to the master from the serial port, read the A/D result and store it in the internal buffer for sending the A/D converted value to the master from the serial port, and output the data to the indicator Then the MCU receives commands and data from the main control computer in an interrupt mode, and then sends data from the parallel port to the display control board to display the accumulated pump strokes, mud density, heavy slurry volume and other related parameter values. If the parameters do not meet the operation requirements, increase Increase or decrease the parameter value, and then output data to D/A to control the display of standpipe pressure, casing pressure, throttle opening and other instruments, and then the single-chip microcomputer sends the data to the main control computer in an interrupt mode, and finally returns , and so on.

The choke console receives commands and sends data in interrupt mode. The process is roughly: read the value of SBuf on the serial port of the microcontroller, if SBuf=1, send data to the master, otherwise receive the command sent by the master, and then interrupt and return .

The main control computer includes a computer and a main control program running on it, and the graphics computer includes a computer and a graphics processing program running on it.

The main control program includes drilling technology module, system management module, intelligent scoring module and communication module. The main control program communicates with the front-end hardware devices (BOP console, choke console) through the communication module, and obtains the status of the hardware devices in real time. For example, in the simulation of the drilling process, it is necessary to obtain State, mud displacement, mud density and other parameters, and then internally simulate the typical drilling process through relevant mathematical models, and then complete the following tasks: First, send control commands to the graphics processing program through the TCP/IP protocol, which can drive the graphics processing program The animation process synchronized with the operation of the hardware equipment is generated; the second is to realize the intelligent scoring system; the third is to feed back the signal to the front-end hardware, so that the display of the front-end instrument parameters conforms to the on-site conditions.

The system management module includes system self-inspection and system setting sub-modules. The system self-inspection mainly completes the functional inspection of the choke control console, blowout preventer console and its choke manifold, high-pressure manifold, etc., to determine whether the front-end equipment is working normally , the specific method is to change the status of each switch, button or valve of the front-end hardware equipment, and the synchronous changes can be seen in the main control program, so that you can observe whether the front-end equipment is working normally. The system settings are used to calibrate the main components of the front-end hardware equipment, mainly including handlebar calibration, foot throttle calibration, needle valve calibration, hand throttle 1 calibration, hand throttle 2 calibration, hand throttle 3 calibration, throttle speed calibration and system run settings etc.

The intelligent scoring module mainly completes the automatic scoring of the training process. The performance evaluation is mainly related to two factors: one is the operation process; the system records all the operation processes of the students. The second is the operation level: To comprehensively evaluate the technical level of the trainees, in addition to requiring the trainees to master the correct operation process, the operation level should also be considered, such as when drilling. Whether the selection of the pressure is appropriate and whether the drilling is uniform; when killing the well, whether the pressure control meets the requirements of the well killing construction unit. The system adopts the method of recording relevant data curves during the operation, and comparing them with the standard curve afterwards. The right method gives an operational level score. The grading process is as follows: students log in to the system, start the assessment, complete the corresponding operations, the system automatically evaluates according to the corresponding standards, and obtains the final grading.

Graphics processing program includes scene initialization module, process animation control, collision processing module and rendering special effect module; using full 3D animation to construct a realistic and virtual drilling environment, so that the trainees can fully experience the feeling of being on the scene, and improve the trainees' understanding of the drilling environment. Mental endurance when dealing with accidents, and better training results. Among them, the functions of the four modules are as follows:

Scenario initialization: Due to the complexity of the drilling process and the operability of virtual training, the current scenarios of each operation are different. Before a new operation starts, the graphics program initializes the current scene after receiving the operation instructions from the control machine, such as: the current quantity, status and position of each operating component on the drilling platform.

Process animation control: During the process of completing the prescribed process, every action made by the driller console will be converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control computer, and then the main control computer will send protocol data to the graphics program, and the graphics program will get After parameters, make a specific response. The motion parameters, specific actions, and view selections (including up view, downhole view, blowout preventer view, multi-view display, etc.) of various control systems on the drilling floor are displayed on the graphics machine.

Collision handling: In the motion simulation process of 3D graphics, the situation of "passing through the wall" is not allowed to occur, so collision detection should be performed on moving objects. In order to follow the realism of the model movement, the drilling simulator visual simulation system also includes the collision detection and processing part.

Rendering special effects: realize the simulation of flame, bubble and liquid gushing effects, and use GLSL to realize movie-level lighting effects, which can simulate day, night, searchlight and other lighting modes respectively, which greatly improves the graphics effect and sense of reality.

The drilling technology module includes tripping, tripping, drilling, handling of accidents and complex situations, shutting in and killing submodules, and is the most important module in the main control program. Event-driven training has no restrictions on the trainees. The trainees can operate the simulator arbitrarily, and the graphics system will reflect their reasonable mechanical actions, and at the same time give voice prompts for misoperations. This module is mainly used for the cognitive training of new trainees on the drilling site and drilling machinery. Process training requires the trainees to operate the simulator according to the requirements of their process, so as to strengthen their understanding of the process and master its operation process proficiently.

Among them, the drilling sub-module is to simulate the drilling process, and the trainees are required to correctly grasp the technical process of drilling, so as to achieve smooth drilling, which includes the following actual process:

(a) Normal drilling process: To start this operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool, remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to run in, if it is to return to the lifting and control crane card, otherwise end the job.

(b) Drilling down and encountering obstruction process: start this operation, drill down normally, if the drilling encounters obstructions, break through the obstruction, mark the hole, end this operation, and return if no obstructions are encountered.

(c) Drilling process under control of fluctuating pressure: start this operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool at a slow speed, press the corresponding button to remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to continue to drill Drill, if return to start this operation, otherwise end this operation.

The drilling sub-module is to simulate the process of drilling, and the trainees are required to correctly grasp the technical process of drilling, so as to achieve smooth drilling. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal tripping process: start the operation, lift the drilling tool, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether the drilling is done, if yes, return to start the operation, otherwise end the operation.

(b) Stuck process when tripping out: start the current operation, run down the drill normally, if the tripping encounters the jamming, it will release the jamming cycle, reverse the hole, end the operation, and return to the normal tripping if there is no jamming.

(c) Control the suction pressure tripping process: start this operation, lift the drilling tool at a slow speed, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to continue the drilling, if so, return to the slow lifting drilling tool, otherwise end this operation .

The drilling sub-module is to simulate typical drilling conditions, and trainees are required to correctly grasp the drilling process, achieve uniform drilling, and master the drilling technology of complex formations. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal drilling and column connection process: start the operation, circulate the mud, light pressure run-in, return to normal drilling, connect the column, and end the operation after lowering to a certain depth.

(b) Drilling process under different formation drillability conditions: start this operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, drill 1 meter in the first formation, drill 1 meter in the second formation, and drill 1 meter in the second formation. Drill 1 meter into three formations, put out the drill string, and end this operation.

(c) Drilling process of jumping off: start this operation, drill normally, if there is no jumping, drill normally, if there is jumping, lift the drill string, change the speed and WOB, lower the drilling, Judging whether the jump is weakened, if the jump is not weakened, return to lift the drill string, cycle until the jump is weakened, and then mark the jump section to end the operation.

(d) Drilling process in high-pressure formation: start this operation, circulate mud, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if no overflow occurs, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, continue drilling, connect the column, Finally finish this job.

(e) Drilling process in low-pressure formation: start the operation, circulate mud, drill normally, judge whether there is a leakage, if there is no leakage, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, continue drilling, connect the column, and finally end This assignment.

The accident and complex situation processing sub-module is to simulate common faults and complex situations in the drilling process. The simulation system randomly generates accidents, and trainees are required to judge the type of accidents based on the phenomena reflected by the simulator (mainly changes in various instruments) and handle the accidents correctly.

Its specific operation process is as follows:

(a) Judgment and treatment process of sticking stuck drill: start the operation, pull out the drill string, judge whether there is a fault on the ground, if there is no fault, continue to pull out the drill string, and if there is a fault, lower the drilling tool intermittently, move the drilling tool, and cycle Mud and movable drilling tools are unjammed, and then judge whether it has been unjammed. If not, continue to unjammed until the unjamming is completed, and the operation is ended.

(b) Judgment and treatment process of sand settling and sticking: start this operation, pull out the drill normally, judge whether the sand settling is stuck, if not, return to the normal pull-out, if the sand settling is stuck, move the drilling tool, and cycle with small displacement Mud, judge whether the pump pressure is normal, if it is not normal, return to the circulating mud, if the pump pressure is normal, circulate the mud with a large displacement, and finally end this operation.

(c) Judgment and treatment process of mud bag stuck drill: start this operation, lightly press run-in, drill normally, judge whether mud bag stuck drill, if not, return to normal tripping, if mud bag stuck drill, increase drainage Circulate the amount of mud, ream at high speed, adjust the mud performance, continue drilling, and finally end this operation.

(d) Male cone fishing process: start the operation, rinse the fish head, lower the fish, judge whether it is detected, if not, go back and continue lowering; Try to lift the drill string, put out the fish, and finally end the operation.

(e) The processing flow of falling objects grinding and milling: start this operation, flush the bottom of the well, grind and mill twice, continue to grind until the grinding shoes are damaged, and end this operation.

Shut-in sub-module is to simulate four shut-in conditions. The trainees are required to be able to detect the overflow in time, and to shut down the well safely and quickly according to the requirements of the "four and seven" actions. The actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Normal drilling and well shut-in: During drilling, if overflow occurs, the well can be shut in safely, quickly and correctly. The operation process is: start the operation, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, if overflow occurs, open the throttling manifold, close the annular blowout preventer, the upper half seal Injector, annular blowout preventer, throttle valve, J2A plate valve, and then mud logging to end this operation.

(b) Pulling out and shutting in the well: During the pulling out process, if overflow occurs, the well should be shut in safely, quickly and correctly. The operation process is: start the operation, unload the kelly, raise the vertical rod, judge whether there is overflow, return to the vertical rod if no overflow is found, and connect the blowout preventer of the drilling tool if overflow is found, shut down the well, and log , and finally end the job.

(c) Pulling out the drill collar and shutting in the well: If overflow occurs during the tripping out of the drill collar, the well should be shut in safely, quickly and correctly. The operation process is as follows: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether there is overflow, return the drill collar if no overflow is found, and connect the blowout prevention single rod if overflow is found, shut down the well, log, and finally end this operation job.

(d) Empty well and well shut-in: In the process of empty well, if overflow occurs, the well should be shut in safely, quickly and correctly. The operation process is as follows: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether the overflow is large, if the overflow is large, shut down the well, log the mud, and finally end this operation; Well, mud logging, and finally end this operation.

The kill sub-module simulates three conventional well kill operations. The trainees are required to correctly control the wellhead pressure to achieve a successful well kill. Its actual operation process is as follows:

(a) Driller's method of killing wells: understand the principles of driller's method of well killing under conventional well killing conditions, and accurately control the back pressure of the wellhead through the control of the choke valve to ensure smooth construction and a successful well killing at the first time. The operation process is as follows: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, discharge the infringed sludge, judge whether it has been discharged, if not, return to discharge the intruded sludge; if it has been discharged, increase the density of the sludge , heavy mud killing, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue killing the well, and end this operation if the well killing has been completed.

(b) Engineer's method of well killing: understand the principle of engineer's method of well killing under conventional well killing conditions, and accurately control the back pressure of the wellhead through the control of the choke valve to ensure smooth construction and a successful well killing at the first time. The operation process is: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, increase the mud density, then kill the well with heavy mud, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue killing the well, and end the operation if the well killing has been completed .

(c) Super-heavy mud driller kill well: understand the principle of engineer kill well under conventional well kill conditions, and accurately control the wellhead back pressure through the control of the choke valve to ensure smooth construction and a successful well kill once. The operation process is: start the operation, prepare the overweight mud, pump in the overweight mud, judge whether the circulation is completed, if the circulation is completed, then adjust the mud density, kill the well with the well killing mud, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue Well kill, if the well kill has been completed, the operation will end.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is: the conventional blowout preventer console, choke manifold, high-pressure manifold and choke console are integrated together to realize the simulated operation of multiple devices on one control panel, improving It improves the training efficiency, shortens the training period, reduces the training cost, and is small in size, easy to carry and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the portable drilling simulator

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the control panel of the BOP control panel

Fig. 3 Connection relationship between the internal control board of the BOP control panel and the main components on the control panel

Figure 4 Flowchart of Interrupt Mode of Internal Control Board of BOP Console

Figure 5 Flowchart of the main control program of the internal control board of the BOP console

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the control panel of the spoiler control panel

Figure 7 The connection diagram of the internal control board of the spoiler console and the main components on the control panel

Figure 8 Pump stroke number and parameter display driver composition structure diagram

Figure 9 Flowchart of interruption mode of internal control board of choke console

Figure 10 Flow chart of the main control program of the internal control board of the spoiler console

Figure 11 Composition of the main control program on the main control computer

Figure 12 Intelligent Scoring Flowchart

Figure 13 The composition of the graphics processing program on the graphics computer

Figure 14 Flow chart of normal drill down

Figure 15 Flow chart of encountering resistance when drilling down

Fig. 16 Flowchart of controlling fluctuating pressure drilling

Fig. 17 Flowchart of normal drilling

Figure 18 Flowchart of getting stuck when drilling

Fig. 19 Flowchart of controlling suction pressure and tripping

Figure 20 Flow chart of normal drilling and column connection

Fig. 21 Drilling flow chart under different formation drillability conditions

Figure 22 Drilling Flowchart for Jumping Down

Fig. 23 Flowchart of drilling in high-pressure formation

Fig. 24 Flowchart of drilling in low-pressure formation

Fig. 25 Judgment and processing flow chart of stuck sticking drill

Fig. 26 Flowchart of judgment and treatment of grit stuck drill

Fig. 27 Judgment and treatment flow chart of stuck drill in mud bag

Figure 28 Flow chart of male cone salvage treatment

Figure 29 Flow chart of falling object milling process

Figure 30 Flowchart of normal drilling and shut-in operations

Figure 31 Operation flow chart of tripping out and shutting in the well

Fig. 32 Flow chart of drill collar tripping and well shut-in operation

Figure 33 Operation flow chart of empty well and well shut-in

Fig. 34 Flowchart of well killing operation by driller method

Fig. 35 Flow chart of well killing operation by engineer method

Fig. 36 Flow chart of well killing operation by super-heavy mud driller

In the figure, 1-control panel, 2-BOP control area, 3-choke manifold control area, 4-high pressure manifold control surface, 5-ram BOP oil pressure gauge, 6-ring BOP Oil pressure gauge, 7-air source switch, 8-ring switch, 9-ring opening indicator light, 10-ring closing indicator light, 11-upper half sealing switch, 12-upper half sealing opening indicator light 13-upper half sealing closing Indicator light, 14-full seal switch, 15-full seal open indicator light, 16-full seal close indicator light, 17-kill manifold switch, 18-kill manifold open indicator light, 19-kill manifold close Indicator light, 20-spray valve switch, 21-spray valve close indicator, 22-spray valve open indicator, 23-bottom half seal switch, 24-bottom half seal open indicator, 25-bottom half seal close Indicator light, 26-hydraulic indicator light, 27-spray valve switch indicator light, 28-manual throttle valve, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q-plate valve, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k- intersection point, 29- control panel, 30- riser pressure gauge, 31- Casing pressure gauge, 32-pump stroke number display, 33-throttle valve opening gauge, 34-throttle regulating valve switch, 35-throttle valve speed adjustment knob, 36-No. 1 button with light, 37-No. 2 Illuminated button, 38-3 illuminated button, 39-4 illuminated button, 40-5 illuminated button, 41-6 illuminated button, 42-7 illuminated button, 43-8 illuminated button Button, 44-parameter display A, 45-increase button A, 46-decrease button A, 47-parameter display B, 48-increase button B, 49-decrease button B, 50-11th button with light , 51-No. 12 illuminated button, 52-No. 13 illuminated button, 53-No. 14 illuminated button, 54-No. 15 illuminated button, 55-No. 16 illuminated button, 56-17 No. 18 button with light, 57-No. 18 with light button, 58-pump clutch switch, 59-turntable clutch switch, 60-cat head selection switch, 61-drum clutch switch, 62-throttle adjustment knob, 63-pump stroke Adjustment knob.

Detailed ways

Further describe the technical scheme of the present utility model by the embodiment below, the utility model is not limited to described embodiment: as Fig. 1, portable drilling simulator, it comprises main control computer, graphic processing computer, choke console and blowout preventer The controller console, the main control computer and the graphics processing computer are interconnected through a local area network. The serial interface of the main control computer is connected to the aviation head of the choke console and the BOP console respectively through two four-core cables. Interfaces with the internal control board of the choke console and BOP console.

As shown in Figure 2, the BOP control panel includes a casing and an internal control panel, and the front of the casing includes a BOP control panel 1, and the BOP control panel 1 is provided with a BOP control area 2 on the left side, and a BOP control panel on the right side. The upper part is provided with a throttling manifold control area 3, and the lower part of the right side is provided with a high pressure manifold control area 4.

The BOP control area 2 is equipped with ram BOP oil pressure gauge 5, annular BOP oil pressure gauge 6, air source switch 7, ring switch 8, ring open indicator light 9, ring close indicator light 10, upper Half seal switch 11, upper half seal open indicator 12, upper half seal close indicator 13, full seal switch 14, full seal open indicator 15, full seal close indicator 16, kill manifold switch 17, kill pipe Convergence open indicator 18, kill pipe sink close indicator 19, blowout valve switch 20, blowout valve close indicator 21, blowout valve open indicator 22, lower half-seal switch 23, lower half-seal open indicator 24 And lower semi-close indicator light 25.

The throttle manifold control area 3 is cross-connected by parallel lines and vertical lines in the form of "+" to form intersection points a, b, c, d, e, f, and a flat valve B is arranged on the parallel line at the left end of intersection point a , a plate valve E is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point a, a plate valve A is provided on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection point b, and plate valves D and G are arranged sequentially on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point b. A plate valve C is provided on the parallel line at the right end of the intersection point c, a plate valve F is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point c, and a plate valve H is provided on the right end of the intersection point d and the parallel line at the left end of the intersection point e. 1, on the vertical line of the lower end of intersection point d, be provided with hydraulic indicator light 26, on the vertical line of the lower end of intersection point e, be provided with discharge valve switch indicator light 27, at the right end of intersection point e and the left end of intersection point f Flat valves J and K are provided on the parallel lines, and a manual throttle valve 28 is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point f.

The high-pressure manifold control area 4 is cross-connected by parallel lines and vertical lines in a "T" form to form intersection points g, h, i, j, k, and a flat valve L is arranged on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection point h. A flat valve N is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the point h, a flat valve M is provided on the vertical line at the upper end of the intersection point i, a flat valve O is installed on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point i, and a flat valve O is arranged on the left end of the intersection point k in parallel A plate valve P is provided on the line, and a plate valve Q is provided on the vertical line at the lower end of the intersection point k.

As shown in Figure 3, the internal control board of the BOP console consists of a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits, gas source switch 7, ring switch 8, upper half-sealing switch 11, full-sealing switch 14, kill manifold switch 17, release The spray valve switch 20, the lower half-sealing switch 23 and the flat valve A ~ flat valve Q are connected to the latch A through the buffer, the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port P0 of the single-chip microcomputer, and the manual throttle valve 28 Connect the multiplexer, the output of the multiplexer is connected to the operational amplifier, the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the latch A through the A/D converter, and the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port P0 of the microcontroller , the P0 port of the microcontroller is also used as a data output port, its output is connected to the latch B, the output of the latch B is connected to the D/A converter, the output of the D/A converter is connected to the operational amplifier B, and the output of the operational amplifier B Connect the field effect tube, the output of the field effect tube is respectively connected with the ram BOP oil pressure gauge 5 and the annular BOP oil pressure gauge 6, another data input and output port P3 of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the parallel interface, and the parallel interface is connected with the driver. Driver output and ring open indicator 9, ring close indicator 10, upper half seal open indicator 12, upper half seal close indicator 13, full seal open indicator 15, full seal close indicator 16, kill manifold Open indicator light 18, kill manifold close indicator light 19, blowout valve close indicator light 21, blowout valve open indicator light 22, lower half seal open indicator light 24, lower half seal close indicator light 25, hydraulic indicator light 26 is connected with the discharge valve switch indicator light 27; the two-bit output of the third input and output port P2 of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the address decoder through the latch B, and the output of the address decoder is respectively connected to the parallel interface and the D/A conversion The selected control terminal of the device and A/D converter.

Figure 5 is a flow chart of the main control program of the BOP console, and its control flow is: start the control program, and the initialization program completes the initialization of the ports such as the serial port and the parallel port on the internal control board, so as to realize point-to-point communication with the remote control station, and the panel Set the initial value of the upper indicator light and related parameters, then read in the switch value and store it in the internal buffer for sending the switch state from the serial port to the main controller, and then read in the A/D result and store it in the internal buffer The buffer is used to send the A/D converted value from the serial port to the main controller, and then output the data to the indicator light, which controls the display of the indicator light according to the switch state, and outputs the data to the pressure gauge to display the initial value, and the gate The BOP oil pressure gauge and the annular BOP oil pressure gauge display the value of the initial state, and then accept the command and data of the main control computer, and the single-chip microcomputer accepts the command and data of the main control computer in an interrupt mode, and outputs the data to D/A. In order to control the display of the ram BOP oil pressure gauge and the ring BOP oil pressure gauge, and finally send data from the serial port, the single-chip microcomputer sends the data to the main control computer in an interrupt mode, and thus circulates.

Figure 4 is the flow chart of the interrupt mode of the BOP console: when the interrupt process is started, first read the value of SBuf at the serial port of the single-chip microcomputer, if SBuf=1 is true, the single-chip microcomputer accepts the command sent by the main control computer, and then interrupts and returns, if SBuf = 1 is false, the MCU sends data to the host computer, and then interrupts and returns.

As shown in Figure 6, the choke control console includes a cabinet and an internal control circuit board, and the front of the cabinet includes a choke control panel 29, and the choke control panel 29 is provided with a standpipe pressure gauge 30, a casing pressure gauge 31, Throttle valve opening meter 33, display group, knob group, switch group and illuminated button group; wherein, the display group includes pump stroke number display 32, parameter display A44 and parameter display B47, and the knob group includes throttle valve speed adjustment knob 35. Increase button A45, decrease button A46, increase button B48, decrease button B49, throttle adjustment knob 62 and pump stroke adjustment knob 63, the switch group includes throttle adjustment valve switch 34, pump clutch switch 58, turntable Clutch switch 59, cat head selector switch 60 and drum clutch switch 61, the button with light includes No. 1 light button 36, No. 2 light button 37, No. 3 light button 38, No. 4 light button 39, No. 5 belt Lighted button 40, No. 6 illuminated button 41, No. 7 illuminated button 42, No. 8 illuminated button 43, No. 11 illuminated button 50, No. 12 illuminated button 51, No. 13 illuminated button 52, Ten No. 4 button with light 53 , No. 15 with light button 54 , No. 16 with light button 55 , No. 17 with light button 56 and No. 18 with light button 57 .

As shown in Figure 7, the internal control circuit board of the choke console is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuits, and the illuminated button group, the switch group, the increase button A45, the decrease button A46, the increase button B48 and the decrease button B49 are altogether Twenty-five switching value inputs are connected to the buffer, the output of the buffer is connected to the latch A, and the output of the latch A is connected to a data input and output port P0 of the single-chip microcomputer; throttle valve speed adjustment knob 35, throttle adjustment The three analog quantities of the knob 62 and the pump stroke adjustment knob 63 are connected to the multiplexer, the output of the multiplexer is connected to the operational amplifier A, the output of the operational amplifier A is connected to the A/D converter, and the output of the A/D converter is connected to Latch A; the P0 port of the single-chip microcomputer is also used as a data output port, and its output is connected to the latch B. The output of the latch B is divided into two channels, one is connected to the DA converter, and the output of the DA converter is connected to the operational amplifier B. The output of the operational amplifier B is connected to the field effect tube, and the output of the field effect tube is connected to the standpipe pressure gauge 30, the casing pressure gauge 31 and the throttle valve opening gauge 33 respectively, and the other output of the latch B is connected to the parallel port, and the parallel port The output of the pump is connected to the pump stroke number and the parameter display driver, and the output of the pump stroke number and the parameter display driver is respectively connected to the pump stroke number display 32, the parameter display A44 and the parameter display B47; another data input and output port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the parallel interface, and the parallel interface Connect the driver, and the output of the driver is connected to the button group with lights; the two-digit output of the third input and output port P3 of the microcontroller is connected to the address decoder through the latch B, and the output of the address decoder is respectively connected to the parallel interface, D/ The selected control terminal of A converter and A/D converter.

As shown in Figure 8, the pump stroke number and parameter display driver includes an address buffer, a data buffer, a comparator, a decoder, a code switch, a digital tube driver chip and a digital tube, and the input terminals of the address buffer and the data buffer are both Connect to the parallel port, the output of the data buffer is connected to the nixie tube driver chip, and the output of the nixie tube driver chip is respectively connected to the nixie tubes of the pump stroke number display 32, the parameter display A44 and the parameter display B47; the address buffer output is respectively connected to the comparator and the translator The other input end of the comparator is connected to the dial switch, the output of the comparator is connected to the enable end of the decoder, one output end of the decoder is connected to the write control end of the digital tube driver chip, and the other end of the decoder is One output terminal is connected to the mode control terminal of the digital tube driver chip through the trigger.

Figure 10 is the working flow chart of the main control program of the choke console, and its working process is as follows: the initialization of the system completes the initialization of serial ports, parallel ports and other ports on the internal control board, and the initial value setting of several related parameters of the indicator lights on the panel, Then read in the switch value and store it in the internal buffer for sending the switch status from the serial port to the host computer, read in the A/D result and store it in the internal buffer for converting the A/D value from the serial port Send it to the main control computer, output the data to the indicator light, then the single-chip microcomputer receives the command and data of the main control computer in an interrupt mode, and then sends the data to the display control board from the parallel port, and displays the relevant parameters such as the accumulated pump stroke number, mud density, heavy slurry volume, etc. If the parameter does not meet the job requirements, increase or decrease the parameter value, and then output the data to the D/A to control the display of the standpipe pressure, casing pressure, throttle valve opening, etc., and then the single-chip microcomputer interrupts Send data to the host computer, and finally return, and so on.

Figure 9 is a flow chart of receiving commands and sending data in the interrupt mode of the choke console. The flow is as follows: the program starts, reads the value of SBuf at the serial port of the single-chip microcomputer, and if SBuf=1, then sends data to the main control computer, otherwise receives the main control computer Send the incoming command, then interrupt return.

As shown in Figure 11, the main control computer includes a portable computer and a main control program running on it. The main control program includes drilling technology module, system management module, intelligent scoring module and communication module. The main control program communicates with the front-end hardware devices (BOP console, choke console) through the communication module, and obtains the status of the hardware devices in real time. For example, in the simulation of the drilling process, it is necessary to obtain State, mud displacement, mud density and other parameters, and then internally simulate the typical drilling process through relevant mathematical models, and then complete the following tasks: First, send control commands to the graphics processing program through the TCP/IP protocol, which can drive the graphics processing program The animation process synchronized with the operation of the hardware equipment is generated; the second is to realize the intelligent scoring system; the third is to feed back the signal to the front-end hardware, so that the display of the front-end instrument parameters conforms to the on-site conditions.

The system management module includes system self-inspection and system setting sub-modules. The system self-inspection mainly completes the functional inspection of the choke control console, blowout preventer console and its choke manifold, high-pressure manifold, etc., to determine whether the front-end equipment is working normally , the specific method is to change the status of each switch, button or valve of the front-end hardware equipment, and the synchronous changes can be seen in the main control program, so that you can observe whether the front-end equipment is working normally. The system settings are used to calibrate the main components of the front-end hardware equipment, mainly including handlebar calibration, foot throttle calibration, needle valve calibration, hand throttle 1 calibration, hand throttle 2 calibration, hand throttle 3 calibration, throttle speed calibration and system run settings etc.

As shown in Figure 12, the intelligent scoring module mainly completes the automatic scoring of the training process. The performance evaluation is mainly related to two factors: one is the operation process; the system records all the operation processes of the students. The second is the operation level: To comprehensively evaluate the technical level of the trainees, in addition to requiring the trainees to master the correct operation process, the operation level should also be considered, such as when drilling. Whether the selection of the pressure is appropriate and whether the drilling is uniform; when killing the well, whether the pressure control meets the requirements of the well killing construction unit. The system adopts the method of recording relevant data curves during the operation, and comparing them with the standard curve afterwards. The right method gives an operational level score. The grading process is as follows: students log in to the system, start the assessment, complete the corresponding operations, the system automatically evaluates according to the corresponding standards, and obtains the final grading.

As shown in Figure 13, the graphics computer includes a portable computer and a graphics processing program running on it, and the graphics processing program includes a scene initialization module, a process animation control, a collision processing module and a rendering special effect module; a full three-dimensional animation is used to construct a realistic , The virtual drilling environment makes the trainees fully immersive, improves the psychological endurance of the trainees when dealing with accidents, and obtains better training results. Among them, the functions of the four modules are as follows:

Scenario initialization: Due to the complexity of the drilling process and the operability of virtual training, the current scenarios of each operation are different. Before a new operation starts, the graphics program initializes the current scene after receiving the operation instructions from the control machine, such as: the current quantity, status and position of each operating component on the drilling platform.

Process animation control: During the process of completing the prescribed process, every action made by the driller console will be converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control computer, and then the main control computer will send protocol data to the graphics program, and the graphics program will get After parameters, make a specific response. The motion parameters, specific actions, and view selections (including up view, downhole view, blowout preventer view, multi-view display, etc.) of various control systems on the drilling floor are displayed on the graphics machine.

Collision handling: In the motion simulation process of 3D graphics, the situation of "passing through the wall" is not allowed to occur, so collision detection should be performed on moving objects. In order to follow the realism of the model movement, the drilling simulator visual simulation system also includes the collision detection and processing part.

Rendering special effects: realize the simulation of flame, bubble and liquid gushing effects, and use GLSL to realize movie-level lighting effects, which can simulate day, night, searchlight and other lighting modes respectively, which greatly improves the graphics effect and sense of reality.

The drilling process module includes tripping, tripping, drilling, handling of accidents and complex situations, shutting in and killing wells, and is the most important module in the main control program. Event-driven training has no restrictions on the trainees. The trainees can operate the simulator arbitrarily, and the graphics system will reflect their reasonable mechanical actions, and at the same time give voice prompts for misoperations. This module is mainly used for the cognitive training of new trainees on the drilling site and drilling machinery. Process training requires the trainees to operate the simulator according to the requirements of their process, so as to strengthen their understanding of the process and master its operation process proficiently.

Figure 14 is the flow chart of normal drilling, and its working process can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool, remove the lifting ring, and judge whether to run or not Drilling, if it is to return to the control elevator, otherwise end this operation.

Figure 15 is a flow chart of running into obstacles. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, run down normally, if the drilling encounters resistance, break through the resistance, mark the hole, end the operation, and return if no resistance is encountered. .

Figure 16 is a flow chart of drilling under fluctuating pressure. Its working process can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift and control the elevator, then place the column to buckle up, then remove the elevator, lower the drilling tool at a slow speed, and press the corresponding Press the button to remove the lifting ring, judge whether to continue drilling, if it is to return to start this operation, otherwise end this operation.

Figure 17 is a flow chart of normal tripping out, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift the drilling tool, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to trip out, if so, return to start the operation, otherwise end the operation job.

Figure 18 is a flow chart of tripping out when stuck, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start this operation, run down the drill normally, if tripping out and encounter stuck, then cycle out the jamming, back-drill, end this operation, if no stuck Then return to normal drilling.

Figure 19 is a flow chart of controlling the suction pressure to pull out the drill. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lift the drilling tool at a slow speed, unload the column, pour mud, judge whether to continue the drill, and if so, return to the slow speed Lift the drilling tool, otherwise end the operation.

Figure 20 is a flow chart of normal drilling and column connection. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, normal drilling, column connection, lowering to a certain depth, and end the operation.

Figure 21 is a flow chart of drilling under different formation drillability conditions. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate mud, light pressure run-in, drill 1 meter in the first formation, and drill in the second formation. Drill 1 meter into the first stratum and 1 meter into the third stratum, put out the drill string, and end the operation.

Fig. 22 is the drilling flow chart of the drill under the hold-off, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, drill normally, if there is no hold-off, then drill normally, if there is hold-off, lift the drill string, change Rotate speed, drilling pressure, lower down to drill, judge whether the jump is weakened, if the jump is not weakened, return to lift the drill string, cycle until the jump is weakened, and then mark the jump section to end the operation.

Figure 23 is a flow chart of drilling in high-pressure formations. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate the mud, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud Density, continue to drill, connect the column, and finally end this operation.

Figure 24 is a flow chart of drilling in low-pressure formations, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, circulate the mud, drill normally, judge whether there is a leakage, if there is no leakage, drill normally, otherwise increase the mud density, Continue to drill, connect the column, and finally end the operation.

Fig. 25 is a flow chart of judging and processing sticking stuck pipe. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill string, judge whether there is a fault on the ground, if there is no fault, continue to pull out the drill string, and stop if there is a fault Lower the drilling tool, move the drilling tool, circulate mud, move the drilling tool to release the stuck, and then judge whether it has been released, if not return to continue to remove the jam, until the release is completed, the operation is over.

Fig. 26 is a flow chart for the determination and processing of grit sinking and stuck drilling. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill normally, judge whether the grit sinking is stuck, if not, return to the normal pull out, if the grit sinking is stuck Then move the drilling tool and circulate the mud with a small displacement to judge whether the pump pressure is normal. If it is not normal, return to the circulating mud. If the pump pressure is normal, circulate the mud with a large displacement, and finally end the operation.

Fig. 27 is a flow chart for judging and processing mud bag stuck drill. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, lightly press and run-in, drill normally, judge whether mud bag stuck drill, if not, return to normal tripping, If the mud bag sticks, increase the displacement to circulate the mud, ream at a high speed, adjust the mud performance, continue drilling, and finally end the operation.

Figure 28 is a flow chart of the male cone fishing process. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, rinse the fish head, lower the fish, and judge whether it is detected. If not, return to continue the lowering; If the fish is found, the buckle is drawn, the buckle is made, the drill string is tried to be lifted, the fish is raised, and the operation is finally completed.

Figure 29 is a flow chart of falling object grinding and milling. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, flush the bottom of the well, grind twice, continue grinding until the grinding shoe is damaged, and end the operation.

Figure 30 is a flow chart of normal drilling and shut-in operations. Its workflow can be roughly described as: start the operation, drill normally, judge whether there is overflow, if there is no overflow, drill normally, if overflow occurs , open the choke manifold, close the annular BOP, the upper half-block BOP, the annular BOP, the throttle valve, the J2A plate valve, and then log the mud to end the operation.

Figure 31 is the operation flow chart of tripping and shutting in the well. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, unload the kelly, raise the vertical rod, and judge whether overflow is found. If no overflow is found, return to the vertical rod. If the overflow occurs, the blowout preventer of the drilling tool will be connected, the well will be shut down, the well will be logged, and the operation will be ended at last.

Figure 32 is a flow chart of drilling collar and well shut-in operation. The working process can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether there is overflow, if no overflow is found, return to the drill collar, if overflow is found Then rush to connect the blowout prevention single rod, shut down the well, log the mud, and finally end the operation.

Figure 33 is the flow chart of emptying and shutting in the well, and its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, pull out the drill collar, judge whether the overflow is large, if the overflow is large, shut down the well, log, and finally end the operation Operation; if the overflow is small, connect the blowout prevention single rod, shut down the well, log the mud, and finally end the operation.

Fig. 34 is the flow chart of the well killing operation by the driller method. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, set the number of mud pump strokes, discharge the invaded sludge, and judge whether it has been discharged. If not, return to discharge Invaded sludge; if it has been drained, increase the mud density, kill the well with heavy mud, and judge whether the well is killed. If not, return to continue killing the well. If the well has been killed, end the operation.

Figure 35 is the flow chart of the well killing operation by the engineer method. Its work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, set the mud pump stroke rate, increase the mud density, and then kill the well with heavy mud, and judge whether the well killing is completed. If not, then Return to continue killing the well, if the well killing has been completed, the operation will end.

Figure 36 is a flow chart of the well killing operation of the super-heavy mud driller method. The work flow can be roughly described as: start the operation, prepare the super-heavy mud, pump the super-heavy mud, judge whether the cycle is complete, and if the cycle is complete, then adjust the mud density , kill the well with the killing mud, judge whether the well killing is completed, if not, return to continue killing the well, and end the operation if the well killing has been completed.

Claims (2)

1. portable drilling simulator, it is characterized in that: it comprises main control computer, graphics process computing machine, flow plug control desk and preventer control desk, main control computer and graphics process computing machine are interconnected by LAN, and main control computer is connected with the preventer control desk with the flow plug control desk respectively by serial line interface;

The preventer control desk comprises the cabinet and the internal control utmost point, the front of cabinet comprises a preventer control panel (1), and preventer control panel (1) upper left side is provided with that preventer control zone (2), right upper portion are provided with throttle manifold control zone (3), lower right side is provided with high pressure pipe joint control zone (4);

Preventer control zone (2) is provided with ram preventer oil pressure gauge (5), annular preventer oil pressure gauge (6), gas source switch (7), ring switch (8), annular is opened pilot lamp (9), annular is closed pilot lamp (10), (11) are closed in first Fengkai, first Fengkai pilot lamp (12), first envelope is closed pilot lamp (13), (14) are closed in full Fengkai, full Fengkai pilot lamp (15), full envelope is closed pilot lamp (16), kill manifold switch (17), kill manifold is opened pilot lamp (18), kill manifold closes pilot lamp (19), open flow threshold switch (20), the open flow valve closes pilot lamp (21), the open flow valve is opened pilot lamp (22), (23) are closed in second Fengkai, second Fengkai pilot lamp (24) and second envelope are closed pilot lamp (25);

Preventer control desk internal control plate comprises a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit composition, gas source switch (7), ring switch (8), (11) are closed in first Fengkai, (14) are closed in full Fengkai, kill manifold switch (17), open flow threshold switch (20), (23) are closed in second Fengkai and flat valve A～flat valve Q is connected to latch A by impact damper, the output of latch A is connected with a data input/output port of single-chip microcomputer, manual throttle valve (28) connects MUX, the output of MUX is connected to operational amplifier, the output of operational amplifier is connected to latch A through AD converter, the output of latch A is connected with a data input/output port of single-chip microcomputer, described input/output port also connects latch B as data output, the output of latch B connects the DA converter, the output concatenation operation amplifier B of DA converter, the output of operational amplifier B connects field effect transistor, the output of field effect transistor respectively with ram preventer oil pressure gauge (5), annular preventer oil pressure gauge (6) connects, another data input/output port of single-chip microcomputer connects parallel interface, parallel interface connects driver, and the output of driver and annular are opened pilot lamp (9), annular is closed pilot lamp (10), first Fengkai pilot lamp (12), first envelope is closed pilot lamp (13), full Fengkai pilot lamp (15), full envelope is closed pilot lamp (16), kill manifold is opened pilot lamp (18), kill manifold closes pilot lamp (19), the open flow valve closes pilot lamp (21), the open flow valve is opened pilot lamp (22), second Fengkai pilot lamp (24), second envelope is closed pilot lamp (25), the pilot lamp (26) that surges is connected with open flow threshold switch pilot lamp (27); Two outputs of the 3rd input/output port of single-chip microcomputer are through latch B link address code translator, and the decoding of address decoder output output connects the control end of choosing of parallel interface, DA converter and AD converter respectively;

Throttle manifold control zone (3) is gone up and is "+" cross connection by parallel circuit and horizontal path, form point of crossing a, b, c, d, e, f, on the left end parallel circuit of point of crossing a, be provided with flat valve B, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing a, be provided with flat valve E, on the horizontal path of the upper end of point of crossing b, be provided with flat valve A, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing b, be provided with flat valve D successively, G, on the right-hand member parallel circuit of point of crossing c, be provided with flat valve C, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing c, be provided with flat valve F, on the left end parallel circuit of the right-hand member of point of crossing d and point of crossing e, be provided with flat valve H, I, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing d, be provided with the pilot lamp that surges (26), on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing e, be provided with open flow threshold switch pilot lamp (27), on the left end parallel circuit of the right-hand member of point of crossing e and point of crossing f, be provided with flat valve J, K is provided with manual throttle valve (28) on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing f;

High pressure pipe joint control zone (4) is gone up and is " T " cross connection by parallel circuit and horizontal path, form point of crossing g, h, i, j, k, on the horizontal path of the upper end of point of crossing h, be provided with flat valve L, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing h, be provided with flat valve N, on the horizontal path of the upper end of point of crossing i, be provided with flat valve M, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing i, be provided with flat valve O, on the left end parallel circuit of point of crossing k, be provided with flat valve P, on the horizontal path of the lower end of point of crossing k, be provided with flat valve Q;

The flow plug control desk comprises cabinet and internal control circuit plate, the front of cabinet comprises a flow plug control panel (29), and flow plug control panel (29) is provided with standpipe pressure table (30), casing pressure table (31), throttle valve opening table (33), display group, set of knobs, switches set and band button group; Wherein, display group comprises pumping speed display (32), parameter display A (44) and parameter display B (47), set of knobs comprises throttle speed adjusting knob (35), increasing button A (45), reduce button A (46), increasing button B (48), reduce button B (49), throttle adjustment knob (62) and pumping speed adjusting knob (63), switches set comprises throttling variable valve switch (34), pump clutch switch (58), disk clutch switch (59), cat head selector switch (60) and drum clutch switch (61), band button comprise band button (36) No. one, No. two band buttons (37), No. three band buttons (38), No. four band buttons (39), No. five band buttons (40), No. six band buttons (41), No. seven band buttons (42), No. eight band buttons (43), ride on Bus No. 11 band button (50), ten No. two band buttons (51), ten No. three band buttons (52), ten No. four band buttons (53), ten No. five band buttons (54), ten No. six band buttons (55), ten No. seven band buttons (56) and ten No. eight band buttons (57);

Flow plug control desk internal control circuit plate is made of a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof, band button group, switches set, increasing button A (45), reduce button A (46), increasing button B (48) and reduce button B (49) totally two ten five switching value inputs be connected with impact damper, the output of impact damper is connected with latch A, and the output of latch A is connected to a data input/output port of single-chip microcomputer; Throttle speed adjusting knob (35), (63) three analog quantitys of throttle adjustment knob (62) and pumping speed adjusting knob are connected MUX, the output concatenation operation amplifier A of MUX, the output of operational amplifier A connects AD converter, and the output of AD converter connects latch A; Described input/output port also connects latch B as data output, the output of latch B divides two-way, one the tunnel connects the DA converter, the output concatenation operation amplifier B of DA converter, the output of operational amplifier B connects field effect transistor, the output of field effect transistor respectively with standpipe pressure table (30), casing pressure table (31) is connected with throttle valve opening table (33), another road output of latch B connects the parallel port, the output of parallel port connects pumping speed and parameter display driver, and the output of pumping speed and parameter display driver connects pumping speed display (32) respectively, parameter display A (44) and parameter display B (47); Another data input/output port of single-chip microcomputer connects parallel interface, and parallel interface connects driver, and the output of driver is connected with band button group; Two outputs of the 3rd input/output port of single-chip microcomputer are through latch B link address code translator, and the output of address decoder connects the end of choosing of parallel interface, DA converter and AD converter respectively.

2. portable drilling simulator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: pumping speed and parameter display driver comprise address buffer, data buffer, comparer, code translator, toggle switch, charactron chip for driving and charactron, the input end of address buffer and data buffer all is connected to the parallel port, the output of data buffer connects digital pipe driving chip, and the output of charactron chip for driving connects the charactron of pumping speed display (32), parameter display A (44) and parameter display B (47) respectively; Address buffer output is connected respectively to comparer and code translator, another input end of comparer connects toggle switch, the output of comparer connects the Enable Pin of code translator, an output terminal of code translator connects the control end of writing of digital pipe driving chip, and another output terminal of code translator connects the pattern control end of digital pipe driving chip through trigger.

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