CN101771308B - A kind of magnetic suspension rotor support system and magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic bias weight reducing device - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic suspension rotor support system and magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic bias weight reducing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101771308B CN101771308B CN200910138020.4A CN200910138020A CN101771308B CN 101771308 B CN101771308 B CN 101771308B CN 200910138020 A CN200910138020 A CN 200910138020A CN 101771308 B CN101771308 B CN 101771308B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system and magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic bias weight reducing device.It is made up of the air gap limiting and protecting device (29,30) of the attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing (24) be arranged in the middle of same motion and attraction type radial magnetic bearing (25,26) and magnetic bias weight reducing device (27,28) and footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing.The mover portion of footpath used axial magnetic suspension bearing and stator department are all again be made up of the Constant charge soil or controllable magnetic device that do not produce non-working-gap dispersion loss.As long as the design capacity of magnetic field force is enough, native system just can not adopt any type of sensor feedback control technology and realize stable operation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system in magnetic suspension field.Especially a kind of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system adopting attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and attraction type radial magnetic bearing to combine is related to.The invention still further relates to the axial magnetic suspension bearing of attraction type more specifically and attraction type radial magnetic bearing.The invention still further relates to and reduce the magnetic bias weight reducing device of rotary body Action of Gravity Field and the limiting and protecting device for footpath, axial magnetic suspension bearing air gap.
Background technology:
For adapting to the development need of super high speed motor and vacuum clean technology, high-accuracy mechanical process technology and space technology, a kind of magnetic suspension rotor support system of mechanical contact, cause the extensive concern of people, it is after oil lubrication and gas-lubricated bearing, technological revolution again in industry.This emerging supporting way, is achieved by the synergy of axial magnetic suspension bearing and radial magnetic bearing.It has " mechanical friction, less energy consumption; noise is little; the life-span is long; do not need lubricant medium and sealing and allow rotor to have high rotating speed and adapt to work under high/low temperature, vacuum environment " etc. the irreplaceable outstanding advantages of conventional art, and become one of heat subject of domestic and international many enterprises and R&D institution.In recent years, about the Scientific Articles of magnetic suspension bearing and patent achievement emerge in multitude.But with regard to prior art, the key technology of practical magnetic suspension bearing breaks through not yet.In various technical scheme, all with technological deficiency in various degree.As: in the middle of permanent-magnet type magnetic suspension bearing, adopt the suspending mechanism of " two like magnetic poles repel each other ", the generation of uncertain axial force or radial load can be caused.In the middle of electromagnetic type magnetic suspension bearing, then adopt multiple electromagnet to cardioid setting and complicated feedback control technology, but finally can not ensure on any direction of 360 degree, the automatic aligning and the prior art that realize rotor also also exist a large amount of non-working-gaps in magnetic Circuit Design, cause the practicality of prior art to reduce.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention will provide a kind of exactly and all be combined by attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and attraction type radial magnetic bearing, and eliminate solenoid or permanent magnet exists non-working-gap technological deficiency, meanwhile, can also make rotor on any direction of 360 degree, obtain the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of self-aligning function.
In order to realize the object of foregoing invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: be exactly at least one attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and at least two attraction type radial magnetic bearings are arranged in the middle of same motion, and make the regularity of distribution between them have symmetry.The mover portion of each magnetic suspension bearing and stator department, be separately fixed on the supporting part of rotary body in the middle of system and rotary body, and form being rotatably connected of on-mechanical contact by air gap.There is the axial magnetic suspension bearing of radial air gap, be used for retraining moving axially of rotary body.Have the radial magnetic bearing of axial air-gap, the radial misalignments being used for retraining rotary body moves, and in order to avoid producing monolateral pulling force, radial magnetic bearing all occurs with the form of double-flanged end structure in system.In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, there is motor or the generator of radial air gap, can be considered attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing, that they include AC-DC motor all in electrical field or double current generator.There is motor or the generator of axial air-gap, can be considered attraction type radial magnetic bearing.But based on same reason, be regarded as motor or the generator of attraction type radial magnetic bearing, also only allow to appear within system with double-flanged end structure.In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the no matter magnetic suspension bearing of which kind of type, as long as function is identical, just according to the needs of design space, can carry out mutual substituting and displacement.
In the present invention, the repulsion type permanent magnetism magnetic suspension bearing prohibitting the use plane to coordinate, but the prestressing force magnetic suspension bearing with cone match also can be superimposed upon within system, but it belongs to unnecessary technical characteristic.
In the present invention, attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing, comprises: electromagnetic type, permanent-magnet type and have the mixed type axial magnetic suspension bearing of permanent magnetism and electromagnetism two kinds of features.To address respectively below:
(1) electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing, for having the axial magnetic suspension bearing of radial air gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and the solenoid that arranges in annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole, it with to be arranged on rotary body and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove form the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole form.The elementary iron core with annular salient pole is aligned by air gap mutually with the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole, and the width of the magnetic Yoke pole-face that air gap both sides be correspond to mutually is equal.
(2) permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing, for having the axial magnetic suspension bearing of radial air gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and be arranged within annular groove, and the stator department with annular salient pole formed through the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing and be positioned on rotary body, and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and being arranged within annular groove, and through radial radial magnetizing annular permanent magnet form the mover portion with annular salient pole and formed.The stator department with annular salient pole and the mover portion with annular salient pole are aligned mutually by air gap, and the pole-face width of the front and back annular magnetic Yoke making both corresponding equal and make both keep with annular permanent magnet the state that attracts each other.Mover portion also can adopt with stator department annular salient pole with wide plane annular salient pole substitute.
(3) permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing, for having the full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearing of radial air gap.It is by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and has the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are again respectively by two or three identical internal-and external diameter specifications, and are axially formed by stacking through the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing, and make the polarity of the magnetic field between the annular permanent magnet of each close contact contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by radial air gap, and make both air-gap fields become the state attracted each other.In order to avoid the generation of stray field, and in the non-working-gap one end in permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, covered by soft iron yoke.
(4) leading passive mixed type axial magnetic suspension bearing, is the passive mixed type axial magnetic suspension bearing of the master with radial air gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and with radial port annular groove annular permanent magnet and be arranged on stator department that the solenoid in the middle of annular permanent magnet groove forms and be arranged on rotary body, there is the mover portion that the annular permanent magnet of radial port annular groove or plane soft iron annular salient pole or the shallow trench soft iron identical with stator department pole-face annular salient pole form and formed.Be positioned at the flow direction that the solenoid in the middle of annular permanent magnet groove produces to be consistent with the flow direction that there is radial port annular permanent magnet intrinsic.
In the present invention, attraction type radial magnetic bearing, comprises: electromagnetic type, permanent-magnet type and have the mixed type radial magnetic bearing of permanent magnetism and electromagnetism two kinds of features.Will address respectively below:
(1) electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing, for having the radial magnetic bearing of axial air-gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and have axially open annular groove and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and the solenoid that arranges in annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole with to be arranged on rotary body and have axially open annular groove and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove form the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole form.The elementary iron core with annular salient pole is aligned by air gap mutually with the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole, and the width of the magnetic Yoke pole-face that air gap both sides be correspond to mutually is equal.Secondary iron core also can adopt equal with elementary interferric width plane soft iron annular salient pole substitute.If when needing electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing to be arranged between the axle head of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, be then on the rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body axle head, an elementary stator department be made up of be set and have formed with the rotary body axle end face of elementary stator department annular secondary magnetic pole equal diameters center main magnetic pole and peripheral annular secondary magnetic pole and the solenoid be arranged between major-minor magnetic pole.Both are aligned by air gap and make it have symmetrical teeth groove pole-face.
(2) permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing, for having the radial magnetic bearing of axial air-gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and have axially open annular groove and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and arrange between inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke, and through axial charging annular permanent magnet form the stator department with annular salient pole and be positioned on rotary body, and there is the mover portion identical with annular salient pole stator department structure formed.Mover portion also can adopt equal with annular salient pole stator department inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke pole well width plane soft iron annular salient pole institute substitute.If when needing permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing to be arranged between the axle head of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, be then on the rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body axle head, arrange one and formed with the permanent-magnet stator portion of peripheral annular magnetic Yoke with by the rotary body axle end face of air gap and permanent-magnet stator portion annular secondary magnetic pole equal diameters.Also both can be made to have the magnetic pole strength of same structure and make both institutes be with permanent magnet maintenance attraction state.
(3) permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing, for having the full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing of axial air-gap.It is by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and has the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are again closely be set with by two or three different inner diameters and through the annular permanent magnet of axial charging respectively to form.And make the polarity of the magnetic field of the inside-and-outside ring permanent magnet of close contact contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by axial air-gap, and make both air-gap fields remain on the state of attracting each other.In order to avoid the generation of stray field, and in the non-working-gap one end in permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, covered by soft iron yoke.
(4) leading passive mixed type radial magnetic bearing, is the passive mixed type radial magnetic bearing of the master with axial air-gap.It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and with axial port annular groove annular permanent magnet and be arranged on stator department that the solenoid in the middle of annular permanent magnet groove forms and be arranged on rotary body, there is the mover portion that the annular permanent magnet of axial port annular groove or plane soft iron annular salient pole or the shallow trench soft iron identical with stator department pole-face annular salient pole form and formed.Be positioned at the flow direction that the solenoid in the middle of annular permanent magnet groove produces to be consistent with the flow direction that there is axial port annular permanent magnet intrinsic.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the stator department of the attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing adopted and attraction type radial magnetic bearing and mover portion can be single entirety, also can be combined members.Can be independently be fixed on the supporting part of rotary body and rotary body, also can adopt and overall complex form that rotary body and rotary body supporting part are carried out between same material
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the magnetic suspension bearing that function is identical, except can be mutual substitute and except displacement, can also side by side or superposition use.As: in the periphery of permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing, then electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing arranged side by side, or on the both sides of electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing, then permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing arranged side by side.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, and while being not precluded within employing magnetic suspension bearing, use mechanical contact bearings.Because these additional mechanical contact bearings, through running break-in, can be automatically changeb to the mechanical protection bearing of magnetic suspension rotor support system.Thus can avoid, when unexpected thrashing or braking sedimentation, causing the hidden danger of mechanical friction welding.So it is maglev supporting way that this structure still belongs to.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the gravity load that the rotary body in order to the rotary body or level use that reduce vertical use produces attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing or attraction type radial magnetic bearing.The magnetic bias weight reducing device of single side type can also be set in system.Be described below:
(1) when determining rotary body and being level use, namely on the position of the downward one side in rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body both sides, setting has the annular yoke of radial opening and is positioned within annular yoke, the stator department formed through the semicircular ring permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing with to be arranged on rotary body and to there is the annular yoke of radial opening and be arranged in the middle of annular yoke, and to form through the mover portion that the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing is formed.Mover portion and stator department are aligned mutually by air gap and the state making it be formed to attract each other.Mover portion also can adopt the soft iron annular plane salient pole equal with stator department annular magnetic yoke axial width substitute.In the middle of the present invention, if when rotary body is external rotor, then the opening being positioned at the annular yoke on stator department is export-oriented and is positioned at the opening upwards installation of the semicircular ring permanent magnet in the middle of annular yoke.If when rotary body is internal rotor, then the opening being positioned at the annular yoke on stator department is internally-oriented and is positioned in the middle of annular yoke semicircular ring permanent magnet Open Side Down and install.
(2) when determining rotary body and being plumbness use, namely on the position of the downward one side in rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body, arrange have the downward annular groove of axially open and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and arrange between inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke, and through axial charging annular permanent magnet form the stator department with annular salient pole, simultaneously, also on the rotary body corresponding to annular salient pole stator department, arrange and there is the mover portion identical with annular salient pole stator department structure.Mover portion and stator department are mutually aligned by air gap and are formed and attract each other.Mover portion also can adopt equal with annular salient pole stator department inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke pole well width plane soft iron annular salient pole institute substitute.Stator department also can be by the annular permanent magnet without peripheral magnetic conduction Yoke substitute.If use double-flanged end permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing in system, also can adopt and increase rotary body by the magnetic field force of a radial magnetic bearing upwards attracted, reach the object reducing or offset rotary body gravity.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, in order to strengthen the air gap flux density of attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and attraction type radial magnetic bearing, can also on the magnetic pole strength of their each automatic stator departments, be subdivided into many abreast according to original trend, and ensure that the magnetic pole strength after segmentation is symmetrical in air gap both sides.Also can be the unified constriction to former dynamic stator pole face.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the permanent magnet material adopted, makes a general reference all magnetisable materials for permanent magnet, is not limited to known permanent magnet material, also comprises following newfound Hard Magnetic and rectangular hysteresis material.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention; in order to prevent the dynamic stator department of attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and attraction type radial magnetic bearing and single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device; in the middle of installation or running; the phenomenon of adhesive " sticky dead " is there is when having an accident; between rotary body and the supporting part of rotary body, the air gap limiting and protecting device of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing or magnetic bias weight reducing device can also be set.The mover portion of the air gap limiting and protecting device of this footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing or magnetic bias weight reducing device and stator department; be separately positioned on the rotary body of construction system and the supporting part of rotary body, and by be less than protected magnetic suspension bearing or magnetic bias weight reducing device design determine mover with reference to air gap separately.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, strictly forbid the repulsion type magnetic bearing adopting plane to coordinate, as long as magnetic energy allowance or the current stiffness of the design of attraction type magnetic suspension bearing are enough, just realize the stable operation of system without the need for the participation of any position transducer and controller.
In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, do not get rid of the feedback controling mode of use location transducer, but its number of sensors of using, at most can not more than two, one is radial-direction position sensor, and one is axial position sensor.Their structure is identical with the structure of electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing or axial magnetic suspension bearing.As radial-direction position sensor, by be arranged on rotary body supporting part and have axially open annular groove and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and the inductance coil that arranges in annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole with to be arranged on rotary body and have axially open annular groove and the inside-and-outside ring magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove form the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole form.The elementary iron core with annular salient pole is aligned by air gap mutually with the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole, and the width of the magnetic Yoke pole-face that air gap both sides be correspond to mutually is equal.Secondary iron core also can adopt equal with elementary interferric width plane soft iron annular salient pole substitute.If when needing magnetic resistance type inductive position sensor to be arranged between the axle head of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, be then on the rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body axle head, an elementary stator department be made up of be set and have formed with the rotary body axle end face of elementary stator department annular secondary magnetic pole equal diameters center main magnetic pole and peripheral annular secondary magnetic pole and the inductance coil be arranged between major-minor magnetic pole.Both are aligned by air gap and make it have symmetrical teeth groove pole-face.And axial position sensor, then by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove and the inductance coil that arranges in annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole, it with to be arranged on rotary body and have radial opening annular groove and the front and back annular magnetic Yoke that defines by this annular groove form the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole form.The elementary iron core with annular salient pole is aligned by air gap mutually with the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole, and the width of the magnetic Yoke pole-face that air gap both sides be correspond to mutually is equal.
In the present invention, footpath axial position sensor also can adopt the complex form with footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing, that is: increase an inductance coil again in the middle of the annular groove on radial magnetic bearing or the elementary iron core of axial magnetic suspension bearing and realize.During work, the dislocation that position transducer relies on radial magnetic bearing or axial magnetic suspension bearing to move between stator pole face is moved, the inductance change outwards output signal produced, and the stable operation being ensured system by the electric current that controller increases controllable electromagnetic bearing in time.This is a kind of change magnetic resistance differential pick-up not having direction concept and have radial direction or axial magnetic suspension bearing feature.Also by differential transformation mode, the effective control to system can be realized.
In sum, single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, relative to prior art.There is following beneficial effect:
(1) in the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention, the repulsion type permanent magnetism magnetic suspension bearing strictly prohibitting the use plane to coordinate, eliminates and avoids the destabilizing factor that footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing itself is potential.
(2) the non-working-gap side of the permanent magnet in the middle of magnetic suspension bearing or solenoid, all surrounded by soft iron yoke, efficiently avoid the efficiency that unnecessary magnetic circuit loses and improves magnetic energy utilization.
(3) in the middle of magnetic suspension bearing, between dynamic, the stator pole face of relatively being established by air gap, remain the symmetry of height, due to the existence of slot effect, the dislocation in any direction is between the two moved and all can induce the moment automatically recovered.So, as long as the magnetic force allowance of permanent-magnet type magnetic suspension bearing is enough or the current stiffness of electromagnetic type magnetic suspension bearing is enough, just can any type of sensor feedback control technology, and make system maintenance stable operation.
(4) due to the use of single side type permanent-magnet bias weight reducing device, the gravity load of rotary body diameter, axial magnetic suspension bearing is effectively reduced.Thus the energy consumption of system is reduced.
(5) due to the use of air gap limiting and protecting device, the dynamic stator that efficiently avoid in the middle of footpath, axial magnetic suspension bearing and single side type permanent-magnet bias weight reducing device produces the phenomenon of unexpected adhesive " sticky dead ".Thus add the reliability of system.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
The accompanying drawing that presents provides only represents architectural feature and corresponding relation, and the scale of not representative products structure.Motor in accompanying drawing also only represents the position of just secondary core.
Fig. 1 be the hollow dead axle (not marking) of a kind of double-flanged end external rotor disc-type electric motor of being composited by two single side type external rotor disc type (1,2) motor and an electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing (3) and two mechanical protection bearings (4,5) and double-flanged end external rotor disc-type electric motor form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 2 be a kind of by two single side type internal rotor disc-type electric motors (6,7) and two permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearings (8,9) and two have the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (10,11) of radial air gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device (12,13) of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 3 be a kind of by internal rotor pillar motor (16) and electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing (14,15) and mechanical protection bearing (17,18) form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 4 is a kind of cutaway view of the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of with the air gap limiting and protecting device (56,57) of the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (22,23) and footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing with radial air gap external rotor pillar motor (19) and permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (20,21).
Fig. 5 is a kind of cutaway view of the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of the air gap limiting and protecting device (29,30) of internal rotor pillar motor (24) and permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (25,26) and the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (27,28) and footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing with radial air gap.
Fig. 6 be a kind of by external rotor pillar motor (31) and permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (32,33) and have permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (34) of axial air-gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device (35,36) of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing and mechanical protection bearing (37) form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 7 be a kind of by external rotor pillar motor (38) and the permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing (39,40) used side by side and permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (41,42) and have permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (43) of axial air-gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device (44,45) of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 8 be a kind of by multiple external rotor single side type disc-type electric motor (46,47,48,49) and permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing (50,51) and have permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device (52) of axial air-gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device (53,54) of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing and external rotor single side type disc-type electric motor the hollow dead axle of stator (55) form the cutaway view of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system.
Fig. 9 be a kind of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of the internal rotor pillar motor (58) and two single side type permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings (59,60) with radial air gap partly cut open figure.Wherein, in order to reduce the gravity load of rotary body to axial magnetic suspension bearing, adopt the volume increased at rotary body upwards one side and the magnetic buble material at the permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (60) of rotary body supporting part downwards between one side, system is produced monolateral pulling force that one upwards attracts rotary body.Thus, single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device is set no longer separately.
Figure 10 be a kind of vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of the external rotor pillar motor (61) and two single side type permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings (62,63) with radial air gap partly cut open figure.Wherein, in order to reduce the gravity load of rotary body to axial magnetic suspension bearing, adopt the volume increased at rotary body upwards one side and the magnetic buble material at the permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing (62) of rotary body supporting part downwards between one side, system is produced monolateral pulling force that one upwards attracts rotary body.Thus, single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device is set no longer separately.
Figure 11 is one is the horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of two full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearings (66,67) and two full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings (68,69).Wherein, the inner rotor motor used side by side as axial magnetic suspension bearing and the single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device with radial air gap do not show in the drawings.
Figure 12 be a kind of horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system be made up of two full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearings (72,73) and two full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings (75,75) partly cut open figure.Wherein, the outer rotor motor used side by side as axial magnetic suspension bearing and the single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device with radial air gap do not show in the drawings.
Embodiment:
Illustrate below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention is further described.
Shown in Fig. 1, single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of the present invention is the stator department of the external rotor single side type disc type reluctance motor 1 and 2 two with axial air-gap, and back-to-back being combined with each other becomes two modification structures.Then, on the middle part outside double-flanged end disc type magnetic resistance motor stator portion, the elementary iron core of electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing 3 is set and the secondary iron core of electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing 3 is set on the motor housing corresponding to elementary iron core.Secondary iron core mutually to be aligned with the export-oriented annular groove on elementary iron core by air gap with the shallow slot of internally-oriented radial opening and makes both magnetic pole strength width equal.Simultaneously; also between two mover end caps and the stator dead axle of external rotor single side type disc type reluctance motor of external rotor single side type disc type reluctance motor; be provided with mechanical protection bearing 4 and 5, the winding conducting wire of external rotor single side type disc type reluctance motor and electromagnetic type axial magnetic suspension bearing is outwards drawn by the hollow dead axle of external rotor single side type disc type reluctance motor.
Shown in Fig. 2, the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, after the single side type internal rotor disc type reluctance motor 5 and 6 two with axial air-gap is complex as bilateral property, be arranged on the middle part of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, simultaneously, between the axostylus axostyle of disc type reluctance motor and the peripheral supporting part of axostylus axostyle thereof, symmetrical two permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing devices 10 and 11 having the permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing 8 and 9 of radial air gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device 12 and 13 of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing and have radial air gap are set.
Shown in Fig. 3, the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, that the internal rotor pillar motor 16 one with radial air gap is arranged on the middle part of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, simultaneously, on the position of pillar motor rotor two ends and End cover for motor, be provided with the electromagnetic type radial magnetic bearing 14 and 15 with axial air-gap, mechanical protection bearing 17 and 18 is set between motor rotor axostylus axostyle and electric motor end cap, the air gap protective device (not shown) of radial magnetic bearing is also provided with between rotor and electric motor end cap.The present embodiment, in order to reduce the weight of rotary body, additionally uses hollow rotor.
Shown in Fig. 4; the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system; that the external rotor pillar motor 19 one with radial air gap is arranged on the middle part of rotary body and rotary body, and symmetrical being provided with permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing 20 and 21 and there is the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device 22 and 23 of radial air gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device 56 and 57 of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing between rotary body rotary body supporting part.The winding conducting wire of motor, through after supporter, is outwards drawn from the hollow dead axle of motor.
Shown in Fig. 5, the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system one is had the internal rotor pillar motor 24 of radial air gap and the self-balancing double-flanged end permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing of two shared cylindrical permanent magnet formations of single side type permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing 25 and 26.Meanwhile, also between motor shaft and end cap, setting has the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device 27 and 28 of radial air gap and the air gap limiting and protecting device 29 and 30 of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing.
Shown in Fig. 6, the present invention's vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, be that the external rotor pillar generator 31 one with radial air gap is arranged on the centre position of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, the self-balancing double-flanged end permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing formed after then being merged by two single side type permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearings 32 and 33 is arranged on the inner side of pillar generator 31.Meanwhile, also on the top of external rotor rotary body, be provided with the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device 34 upwards attracted by external rotor rotary body and the air gap limiting and protecting device 35 and 36 that footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing is set between rotary body and rotary body supporting part.In addition, also mechanical protection bearing 37 is provided with in the bottom of external rotor rotary body.The winding conducting wire of motor, through after supporter, is outwards drawn from the hollow dead axle of motor.
Shown in Fig. 7, the present invention's vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system one is had the external rotor pillar generator 38 of radial air gap and two permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearings 39 and 40 with radial air gap are arranged between rotary body and the supporting part of rotary body side by side.Meanwhile, also on the top of external rotor rotary body, be provided with the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device 43 upwards attracted by external rotor rotary body, in addition, in system, be also provided with the air gap limiting and protecting device 44 and 45 of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing.The winding conducting wire of motor, through after supporter, is outwards drawn from the hollow dead axle of motor.
Shown in Fig. 8, the present invention's vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system is arranged on side by side between rotary body and the supporting part of rotary body multiple external rotor single side type disk generator 46,47,48,49 with axial air-gap and the permanent-magnet type axial magnetic suspension bearing 50 and 51 with radial air gap.Meanwhile, also on the top of rotary body, be provided with the permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device 52 upwards attracted by rotary body, in addition, in system, be also provided with the air gap limiting and protecting device 53 and 54 of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing.The winding conducting wire of motor is outwards drawn by the hollow dead axle on rotary body supporting part.
Shown in Fig. 9, the present invention's vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system one is had the internal rotor pillar motor 58 of radial air gap and two single side type permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings 59 and 60 formed.Wherein, in order to reduce the gravity load of rotary body to axial magnetic suspension bearing, adopt the volume increased at rotary body upwards one side and the magnetic buble material at the permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing 60 of rotary body supporting part downwards between one side, system is produced monolateral pulling force that one upwards attracts rotary body.Thus, single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device is set no longer separately.
Shown in Figure 10, the present invention's vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system one is had the external rotor pillar motor 61 of radial air gap and two single side type permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings 62 and 63 formed.Wherein, in order to reduce the gravity load of rotary body to axial magnetic suspension bearing 61, adopt the volume increased at rotary body upwards one side and the magnetic buble material at the permanent-magnet type radial magnetic bearing 62 of rotary body supporting part downwards between one side, system is produced monolateral pulling force that one upwards attracts rotary body.Thus, single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device is set no longer separately.The winding conducting wire of external rotor pillar motor 61 is outwards drawn from the rotary body dead axle of hollow.
Shown in Figure 11, the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, is made up of two full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearings 66 and 67 and two full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings 68 and 69.The permanent magnetic rotor portion of full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearing 66 and 67 and permanent-magnet stator portion, by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and have the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are again respectively by three identical internal-and external diameter specifications, and are axially formed by stacking through the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing, and make the polarity of the magnetic field between each closely adjacent annular permanent magnet contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by radial air gap, and make both air-gap fields become the state attracted each other.The permanent magnetic rotor portion of full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing 68 and 69 and permanent-magnet stator portion, be closely set with by three different inner diameters and through the annular permanent magnet of axial charging respectively and form.And make the polarity of the magnetic field of the inside-and-outside ring permanent magnet of close contact contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by axial air-gap, and make both air-gap fields remain on the state of attracting each other.In order to avoid full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing 68 and 69 and full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearing 66 and 67 produce the magnetic circuit loss of non-working-gap, in their non-working-gap end, all cover by soft iron material.70 and 71 is the air gap limiting and protecting device of full permanent-magnetic radial/axial magnetic suspension bearing.
Shown in Figure 12, the present invention's horizontal single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, is made up of two full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearings 72 and 73 and two full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearings 74 and 75.The permanent magnetic rotor portion of full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearing 72 and 73 and permanent-magnet stator portion, by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and have the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are again respectively by two identical internal-and external diameter specifications, and are axially formed by stacking through the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing, and make the polarity of the magnetic field between each closely adjacent annular permanent magnet contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by radial air gap, and make both air-gap fields become the state attracted each other.The permanent magnetic rotor portion of full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing 74 and 75 and permanent-magnet stator portion, be closely set with by two different inner diameters and through the annular permanent magnet of axial charging respectively and form.And make the polarity of the magnetic field of the inside-and-outside ring permanent magnet of close contact contrary each other.Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by axial air-gap, and make both air-gap fields remain on the state of attracting each other.In order to avoid full permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing 74 and 75 and full permanent magnetism axial magnetic suspension bearing 72 and 73 produce the dispersion loss of non-working-gap, in the end of their non-working-gap, all cover by soft iron material.76 and 77 is the air gap limiting and protecting device of full permanent-magnetic radial/axial magnetic suspension bearing.
Claims (7)
1. a single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, by being arranged in the middle of same motion, at least one attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and at least two attraction type radial magnetic bearings formed; The mover portion of each magnetic suspension bearing and stator department, be individually fixed on the rotary body of composition system and the supporting part of rotary body, and form being rotatably connected of on-mechanical contact by air gap; Attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and attraction type radial magnetic bearing, comprise: electromagnetic type, permanent-magnet type and have the hybrid magnetic suspension bearing of permanent magnetism and electromagnetism two kinds of features; In the middle of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, there is motor or the generator of radial air gap, can be considered attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing, that they include AC-DC motor all in electrical field or double current generator; There is motor or the generator of axial air-gap, can be considered attraction type radial magnetic bearing; In order to avoid the generation of monolateral pulling force, this motor or the generator being regarded as attraction type radial magnetic bearing, the same with the attraction type radial magnetic bearing of other type, all appear within system with the structure of double-flanged end; The no matter magnetic suspension bearing of which kind of type, as long as their functions are identical, just according to the needs of design space, can carry out mutual substituting and displacement; What the pivotable parts of described attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing and non-rotating part adopted is radial structure, what the pivotable parts of attraction type radial magnetic bearing and non-rotating part adopted is axial arrangement, it is characterized in that: the magnetic suspension bearing in the middle of described single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system, comprises with Types Below:
[1] attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing class:
A, electromagnetic attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing, it by be arranged on rotary body supporting part has radial port annular groove and the front and back annular yoke that defines by this radial port annular groove and be arranged on solenoid in radial port annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole with to be arranged on rotary body and have radial port shallow trench annular groove and the front and back annular yoke that defines by this radial port shallow trench annular groove form the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole form; The elementary iron core with annular salient pole and the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole are mutually aligned by radial air gap and make both pole-face width of described front and back annular yoke identical;
B, full permanent-magnet attractive type axial magnetic suspension bearing; It is by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and has the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed; Described permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, again respectively by two or three identical internal-and external diameter specifications, and be axially closely formed by stacking through the annular permanent magnet of radial radial magnetizing, and make the polarity of the magnetic field between each closely adjacent annular permanent magnet contrary each other; Mutually aligned by radial air gap between described permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, and make both air-gap fields become the state attracted each other; In order to avoid the generation of stray field, and in the non-working-gap one end in permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, covered by soft iron yoke;
[2] attraction type radial magnetic bearing class:
A, electromagnetic attraction type radial magnetic bearing; It is by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and be there is the annular groove of axially open and the inside-and-outside ring yoke defined by annular groove and the solenoid institute be arranged in annular groove form the elementary iron core with annular salient pole and be arranged on rotary body, and have axially open annular groove and the shallow trench inside-and-outside ring yoke that defines by this axial port annular groove form the secondary iron core with annular salient pole form; The elementary iron core with annular salient pole is aligned by air gap mutually with the secondary iron core with shallow trench annular salient pole, and makes both pole-face width of axially corresponding inside-and-outside ring yoke equal; If when needing electromagnetic attraction type radial magnetic bearing to be arranged between the axle head of rotary body and rotary body supporting part, described electromagnetic attraction type radial magnetic bearing, be then on the rotary body supporting part corresponding to rotary body axle head, it is corresponding with the rotary body axle end face had with elementary stator department major and minor magnetic pole equal diameters that an elementary stator department be made up of center main magnetic pole and peripheral annular secondary magnetic pole and the solenoid be arranged between major and minor magnetic pole is set; Described elementary stator department and rotary body axle end face are aligned by axial air-gap and have symmetrical teeth groove interface;
B, full permanent-magnet attractive type radial magnetic bearing; It is by being separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part, and has the permanent magnetic rotor portion of same structure and permanent-magnet stator portion formed; Described permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are again closely be set with by two or three different inner diameters and through the annular permanent magnet of axial charging respectively to form; And make the polarity of the magnetic field of the inside-and-outside ring permanent magnet of close contact contrary each other; Permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion are aligned mutually by axial air-gap, and make both air-gap fields remain on the state attracted each other; In order to avoid the generation of stray field, and in the non-working-gap one end in permanent magnetic rotor portion and permanent-magnet stator portion, covered by soft iron yoke.
2. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the middle of described attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing (3 or 8,9 or 39,40 or 50,51) and attraction type radial magnetic bearing (14,15 or 20,21 or 25,26 or 32,33 or 41,42), there is the secondary iron core of shallow trench annular salient pole or there is the mover portion of annular salient pole, all can adopt the planar annular salient pole equal with the elementary iron core of annular salient pole or annular salient pole stator department teeth groove interface width substitute.
3. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: on the dynamic stator soft iron magnetic pole strength being positioned at magnetic suspension bearing air gap both sides, be subdivided into many according to original trend; And ensure that the teeth groove that air gap both sides are subdivided on magnetic pole strength is symmetrical.
4. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described attraction type axial magnetic suspension bearing, is the pillar motor with radial working gas gap; Described attraction type radial magnetic bearing is the double-flanged end disc-type electric motor be composited by two single side type disc-type electric motors with axial working gas gap; The rotor portions of pillar motor and mover portion, be separately positioned on magnetic suspension rotor support system rotary body and centre position diametrically, rotary body supporting part; Two single side type disc-type electric motors are then positioned on the two-end part of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system; And make pillar motor and single side type disc-type electric motor have identical rotating speed.
5. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: between being rotatably connected of the on-mechanical contact in the supporting part of described rotary body and described rotary body, be also provided with mechanical contact bearings (4,5 or 17,18 or 37); this mechanical contact bearings, after break-in was lost efficacy, directly changes the mechanical protection bearing of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system into.
6. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: between rotary body and rotary body supporting part, also be provided with the air gap stopping means (12,13 or 56,57 or 29,30 or 35,36 or 44,45 or 53,54) of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing, the air gap stopping means of described footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing, be made up of the mover portion be separately positioned on rotary body and rotary body supporting part and stator department shelves body, and the gap that stator department shelves body is set is less than the reference air gap of footpath axial magnetic suspension bearing design.
7. according to single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: no matter be that level uses or the vertical single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system used, on the position of the downward one side in the rotary body supporting part corresponding to described rotary body and rotary body thereof, permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device is set, this permanent magnetism single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device, by being arranged on rotary body supporting part, and with peripheral yoke annular salient pole permanent-magnet stator portion with to be arranged on rotary body and with the annular salient pole permanent magnetic rotor portion of peripheral yoke or formed without the mover portion of the plane annular salient pole of permanent magnet, or formed by the permanent-magnet stator portion not with peripheral yoke with without the mover portion of the plane annular salient pole of permanent magnet, single side type magnetic bias weight reducing device relies on the stationary magnetic field between dynamic, stator department to form a monolateral pulling force upwards attracted to rotary body, reduces or offsets the gravity load of rotary body to magnetic suspension bearing, for the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension rotor support system of vertical use, if use double-flanged end permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing in system, adopt the magnetic attraction increased at the permanent magnetic radial magnetic suspension bearing of rotary body upwards between the downward one side of one side and rotary body supporting part, reach the object reducing or offset rotary body gravity.
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| CN200910138020.4A CN101771308B (en) | 2009-04-26 | 2009-04-26 | A kind of magnetic suspension rotor support system and magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic bias weight reducing device |
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| CN200810189906.7 | 2008-12-31 | ||
| CN200910138020.4A CN101771308B (en) | 2009-04-26 | 2009-04-26 | A kind of magnetic suspension rotor support system and magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic bias weight reducing device |
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