CN101749353A - Electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a hydraulic-electric energy-feeding type shock absorber, which includes a hydraulic circuit, a working chamber and a piston. The working chamber is divided into two parts: In the piston working chamber, it is connected to the external upper mounting base (7) through the piston push rod (8); the hydraulic motor (4) is located in the energy storage power generation chamber, and it is connected to the external rotating generator (5) through the transmission shaft connected; the accumulator (3) is located in the energy storage and generating chamber, which is located under the partition (13); the hydraulic circuit and a plurality of check valves (6) form a hydraulic rectifier bridge, and the hydraulic circuit adopts an external pipeline arranged outside the piston Or the piston is designed into the form of inner and outer chambers. The invention has simple structure, few parts and small volume, can completely use the energy generated by automobile vibration to do work, can effectively recover vibration energy, and has better vibration reduction effect than existing shock absorbers, and can also prolong power generation. machine service life.

Description

Hydraulic Electric Energy Feed Shock Absorber

technical field

The invention relates to a shock absorber, in particular to a hydraulic-electric energy-feeding shock absorber for a vehicle suspension system, which has the function of recovering a part of the vibration energy and can also be used as an actuator to realize the active movement of the suspension system. or semi-active control.

Background technique

When the vehicle is running on the road, the bumps of the road and the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, steering and other operations will cause relative vibration between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass, and the shock absorber converts this part of mechanical energy into heat energy consumption in the form of friction Dissipate, thereby attenuating the vibration of the vehicle. If these energies can be recycled, the energy consumption of vehicles can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy. The present invention is just based on such an idea, that is, replacing the traditional shock absorber with a shock absorber with energy recovery function, recovering the energy originally dissipated by the shock absorber, and realizing a new energy-saving way for automobiles.

The existing energy-feeding shock absorbers that recover vibration energy through generators come in various forms, but all of them have certain defects.

As described in the Chinese patent ZL00232651.5, the linear motor is used in the shock absorber to directly convert the mechanical energy of the linear motion into electrical energy or directly convert the electrical energy into the mechanical energy of the linear motion without any transmission device of an intermediate conversion mechanism, which can offset Part of the energy is recovered during road impact. The disadvantage is that the linear motor has larger leakage flux and smaller damping force than the rotary motor, so it cannot be applied to heavy vehicles; its electrical performance such as power factor and efficiency is low, and the energy recovery efficiency is average; the support structure of the linear motor shock absorber is complex and It is easy to fail, and the structural reliability is average; the price of the linear motor is expensive, the supporting structure is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is high.

Chinese patent ZL02203432.3 describes that a set of crank linkage is added to the traditional suspension system to convert the up and down vibration of the wheel into the rotational motion of the motor. Chinese patent ZL200620090847.4 describes that the shock absorber is replaced by a motor and a rack and pinion mechanism, and the motor/generator is fixed on the sprung mass by a linkage mechanism, and the rack is directly connected to the unsprung mass. / generator rotor connected. After the gear and the rack are meshed, the motor/generator and the rack and pinion mechanism constitute the energy feeding element of the energy feeding suspension as a whole. These two technologies generate a reciprocating vibration for the car, and the device only picks up about half of the energy, because half of the time is used for the reset of the parts of the device, and the energy recovery efficiency is low; and the device volume and quality of the above two technologies are relatively large Large and difficult to install.

Chinese Patent Publication No. 1626370A describes the use of a ball screw mechanism to convert the linear motion between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass into the rotation of the motor rotor. The motor and the ball screw mechanism form an energy feeding element, which transmits the recovered energy to the charging circuit and the battery. During the driving process of the vehicle, the energy-feeding shock absorber performs stretching and compression movements with the uneven road surface, and the ball nut moves up and down along the axial direction, driving the ball screw and the motor rotor to rotate positively and negatively, and the motor works in electric or braking according to the control command. state, so as to actively buffer and attenuate the shock and vibration caused by uneven road surfaces and transmitted from the wheels to the vehicle body, and recover energy. The disadvantage of rack-and-pinion or ball-screw energy recovery systems that use mechanical devices to convert linear motion into rotation is that the frequency response function of the system to high-frequency signals is not zero due to the influence of the internal clearance of the drive train. For example, when the ball screw type is in the low frequency range and the ground excitation amplitude is large, its energy recovery efficiency and suspension characteristics are better; but when the system frequency is high, its suspension characteristics are not as good as passive suspensions, and energy cannot be recovered. resulting in lower overall system efficiency.

In the above technology of converting linear motion into rotation, the motor and the transmission system are connected in a solid state, which causes the motor to continuously change the rotation direction and repeat the motor speed from 0->acceleration->deceleration->motor speed 0 as the system vibrates cycle, producing a large amount of "inertia loss". This will not only greatly shorten the life of the generator, but also cause the generator to have little or no time to generate electricity during the entire vibration process, resulting in low efficiency of the entire energy feeding system, so that it cannot be used in practical applications.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic-electric energy-fed shock absorber that is efficient, easy to install and easy to maintain, and can be applied to all types of automobiles or other motor vehicles.

The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions:

The hydraulic electric feed type shock absorber provided by the invention includes a hydraulic circuit, a working chamber and a piston. The working chamber is divided into two parts: the piston working chamber and the energy storage power generation chamber by a partition, wherein: the piston is located in the piston working chamber, which is connected to the external upper mounting base through the piston push rod; the hydraulic motor is located in the energy storage power generation chamber , which is connected to the external rotating generator through the transmission shaft; the accumulator is located in the energy storage and power generation chamber, which is located under the partition. The hydraulic circuit and multiple one-way valves constitute a hydraulic rectifying bridge, and the hydraulic circuit adopts the form of arranging external pipelines outside the piston or designing the piston as an inner and outer cavity.

The hydraulic-electric energy-feeding shock absorber provided by the present invention is used to reduce the difference between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass caused by bumps on the road surface, acceleration, deceleration, and steering operation of the vehicle or other motor vehicles. The energy of relative vibration generated between them, the shock absorber of the present invention replaces the traditional shock absorber to provide damping and absorb and utilize the energy.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages:

One. The energy generated by the vibration of the car can be used for doing work completely.

The hybrid system of electromechanical-hydraulic is adopted, and the flexibility of the hydraulic system is used to make the energy-feeding shock absorber avoid the reversal of the generator during the process of converting linear motion into rotation, without inertia loss, and can increase energy recovery efficiency and extend generator life.

Second, the vibration energy can be recovered effectively, and the vibration damping effect is better than that of the existing shock absorber.

It can overcome the defect of poor high-frequency response characteristics of the suspension caused by the fit clearance of the transmission components in the purely mechanical energy-feeding shock absorber, so that the vehicle can effectively recover vibration energy on any road surface, which is superior to the existing The damping effect of the shock absorber.

Its 3. structure is simple, and parts are few, and volume is little. The suspension system based on this type of shock absorber is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can improve the vibration-damping performance of the suspension, which has important practical significance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the basic principle diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Piston; 2. Hydraulic rectifier bridge; 3. Accumulator; 4. Hydraulic motor; 5. Rotary generator; 6. Check valve; .Upper cover; 10. First oil seal; 11. First one-way valve; 12. Second one-way valve; 13. Partition; 14. Low-pressure pipeline; 15. Second oil seal; 16. Lower installation base; 17. Lower cover; 18. The third one-way valve; 19. The fourth one-way valve; 20. The fifth one-way valve; 21. High-pressure pipeline.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a hydraulic-electric energy-fed shock absorber applied in the technical field of vehicles. It adopts an electromechanical-hydraulic hybrid system, and its working principle is to convert the relative linear motion of the sprung mass and the unsprung mass caused by the unevenness of the ground into a direction-invariant hydraulic flow to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate through the hydraulic rectifier bridge. The hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity, so that the vibration mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy for recovery. Its basic structure is shown in Figure 1: it mainly includes piston 1, hydraulic rectifier bridge 2, accumulator 3, hydraulic motor 4 and rotary generator 5. When the car vibrates, the piston converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by doing work through reciprocating motion. The hydraulic rectifier bridge is realized by high-pressure pipelines, low-pressure pipelines and several one-way valves, and there is no damping hole in it to minimize the heat loss generated in the liquid flow. This form can not only make full use of the potential energy of tension and compression during vibration, but also avoid the loss of inertia caused by the reverse rotation of the generator, increase the power generation efficiency of the generator, and prolong the service life of the generator. The damping force required by the shock absorber system is mainly provided by the reaction force of the counter electromotive force generated by the generator working chamber.

The hydraulic rectifier bridge 2 is composed of a hydraulic circuit and a plurality of one-way valves, wherein the hydraulic circuit can be formed by arranging external pipelines outside the piston or designing the piston into an inner and outer cavity. Its main function is to convert the linear motion of the shock absorber piston caused by vehicle vibration into the rotary motion of the hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity. The principle is to rectify the hydraulic fluctuations in different flow directions generated by the piston's stretching and compression strokes into hydraulic fluctuations in the same flow direction, so that the hydraulic flow can continue to work on the hydraulic motor, so as to avoid the generator from reversing. Check valves can be selected in various forms, and one-way valves with small impedance, sensitive dynamic response, good sealing performance and high reliability should be used as much as possible.

Accumulator 3 can take bladder type or piston spring type, and its effect is to store energy, makes hydraulic pressure fluctuation as stable as possible. Due to the uneven characteristics of the ground, the car may experience high peak excitation during driving. The accumulator absorbs and stores part of the energy of the ground excitation at high amplitude, and then gradually releases the energy when the ground excitation is small, so that the generator Run more smoothly to improve power generation efficiency.

The hydraulic motor 4 is required to be small in size and high in efficiency, and there are many mature products to choose from on the market.

The rotary generator 5 also requires miniaturization and high efficiency. While meeting the volume matching with the shock absorber piston cylinder, it also needs to meet the power requirements when used as a generator and the torque requirements when used as a motor actuator.

The structure of the hydraulic electric feed type shock absorber provided by the present invention is shown in Figure 2: it includes a hydraulic circuit, a working chamber and a piston.

The working chamber is separated by a partition 13 into two parts: the piston working chamber and the energy storage power generation chamber, wherein: the piston is located in the piston working chamber, which is connected to the external upper mounting base 7 through the piston push rod 8; the hydraulic motor 4 is located in the In the energy storage and power generation cavity, it is connected with the external rotating generator 5 through the transmission shaft; the accumulator 3 is located in the energy storage and power generation cavity, which is located under the partition 13; the hydraulic circuit and a plurality of one-way valves 6 form a hydraulic rectification Bridge 2, the hydraulic circuit adopts the form of arranging external pipelines outside the piston or designing the piston as an inner and outer cavity.

The accumulator 3 can be a piston spring accumulator, which has the advantages of low cost, high reliability and easy installation compared to the airbag accumulator, while the airbag accumulator has the advantages of light weight and small footprint The advantages.

The hydraulic motor 4 can be an internal gear motor, which has the advantages of small size, concentricity and high efficiency.

The rotating electrical machine 5 can be a permanent magnet DC brushless motor, which is solidly connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a transmission shaft.

The plurality of one-way valves 6 include a first one-way valve 11, a second one-way valve 12, a third one-way valve 18, a fourth one-way valve 19, and a fifth one-way valve 20, which are all used in hydraulic systems. The commonly used method of steel ball plus positioning spring is simple in structure, low in cost, small in impedance and sensitive in dynamic response, which is more suitable for the conditions required by the present invention.

The external piping may include a high pressure piping 21 and a low pressure piping 14 . The high pressure line 21 has one more check valve (the third check valve 18 in FIG. 2 ) than the low pressure line 14, the purpose of which is to reduce the dynamic effect caused by the dead volume phenomenon when the accumulator 3 works.

The first oil seal 10 and the second oil seal 15 are respectively arranged at the upper cover 9 and the lower cover 17 shown in Figure 2. The technical requirements for the two oil seals are relatively high, and it is necessary to ensure that no liquid occurs during the working process of the shock absorber. Leakage, but also to minimize the sliding friction of the first oil seal to the piston push rod 8 and the second oil seal to the transmission shaft of the hydraulic motor 4, to reduce the friction loss of energy.

The above-mentioned liquid-electric energy-feeding shock absorber provided by the present invention is used for: when a car or other motor vehicle is running, the sprung mass and unsprung mass caused by bumps on the road surface, acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, and steering operation The relative vibration energy is generated between them, and the hydraulic-electric energy-fed shock absorber replaces the traditional shock absorber to provide damping and absorb and utilize the energy.

The shock absorber converts the relative linear motion of the sprung mass and the unsprung mass caused by uneven ground into a direction-invariant hydraulic flow to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate through the hydraulic rectifier bridge, and the hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity, thereby converting the vibration mechanical energy converted into electrical energy for use.

The damping force required by the shock absorber is provided by the reaction force of the counter electromotive force generated when the generator is working.

The biggest difference between the liquid electric energy-fed shock absorber of the present invention and the general liquid shock absorber is that the liquid shock absorber relies on the mutual friction and extrusion of the liquid molecules when the liquid passes through the small valve port to generate the damping required by the shock absorber. force; while the hydraulic-electric energy-feeding shock absorber relies on the counter electromotive force generated by the generator to generate the damping force required by the shock absorber. In order to fully recover the vibration energy, the more resistance the liquid suffers before reaching the hydraulic motor The smaller the better.

The working process of the present invention is: the piston push rod 8 drives the piston 11 to reciprocate when the automobile vibrates during running. When the piston 1 is in the compression stroke, the liquid in the piston working chamber formed by the piston 1 and the partition 13 pushes the fourth one-way valve 19, and the liquid enters the energy storage and power generation chamber through the high-pressure pipeline 21 through the third one-way valve 18 After the hydraulic fluctuation is rectified and filtered by the accumulator 3, the hydraulic motor 4 is driven to rotate, and the hydraulic motor 4 drives the rotary generator 5 to generate electricity. Most of the damping is generated by the rotating generator, and the liquid is pushed open by the hydraulic motor through the low-pressure pipeline 14 to return to the chamber above the piston after the first one-way valve 11 is pushed away. At this time, the second one-way valve 12 is also affected by the pressure of the return liquid. , but because the inner side of the piston is at high pressure during the compression stroke, the return liquid is at low pressure, and the second check valve is in a closed state; when the piston 1 is in the stretching stroke, the liquid in the working chamber formed by the piston 1 and the upper cover 9 Push open the fifth one-way valve 20, the liquid enters the energy storage and power generation cavity through the high-pressure pipeline 21 through the third one-way valve 18, and the liquid passes through the hydraulic motor 4, then pushes the second one-way valve 12 through the low-pressure pipeline 14 and returns In the cavity below the piston, the upper side of the first one-way valve 11 is at high pressure at this time, the return liquid is at low pressure, and the first one-way valve 11 is in a closed state. In this way, no matter whether the piston is in the compression or extension stroke, the direction of the liquid flow through the hydraulic motor 4 will not change.

The direction of the arrow marked in Fig. 2 is the movement direction of the internal liquid flow when the shock absorber of the present invention works.

Claims (9)

1. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber, comprise oil hydraulic circuit, working room and piston, it is characterized in that this working room is divided into pistons work chamber and energy storage power generation chamber two-part by dividing plate (13), wherein: piston is arranged in the pistons work chamber, and it links to each other by the last mounting base (7) of piston push rod (8) with the outside; Oil hydraulic motor (4) is arranged in the energy storage power generation chamber, and it links to each other by the rotary generator (5) of transmission shaft with the outside; Accumulator (3) is arranged in the energy storage power generation chamber, and it is positioned at dividing plate (13) below; Oil hydraulic circuit comprises the hydraulic pressure rectifier bridge that is made of a plurality of one-way valves (6), oil hydraulic circuit adopt outside piston, arrange external pipeline or plunger designs become in the form of exocoel.

2. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that described oil hydraulic motor (4) employing is crescent gear motor.

3. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that described electric rotating machine (5) employing is non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor.

4. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described a plurality of one-way valve (6) all adopts steel ball to add the one-way valve of locating spring structure.

5. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that described accumulator (3) employing is piston spring formula accumulator.

6. electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that external pipeline comprises pressure duct and low pressure line.

7. the purposes of the described electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that when automobile or other motor-driven vehicle going, its the road surface jolt and the acceleration and deceleration of vehicle, spring carried mass that steering operation causes and nonspring carried mass between produce the energy of relative vibration, damping is provided and absorbs this energy by the alternative traditional vibration damper of described electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber.

8. purposes according to claim 7, the linear relative movement that it is characterized in that the spring carried mass that will be caused by the ground injustice by the hydraulic pressure rectifier bridge and nonspring carried mass is transformed into the constant flow of pressurized of direction and drives the oil hydraulic motor rotation, drive generator for electricity generation by oil hydraulic motor, thereby vibration mechanical energy is converted into electric energy utilized.

9. purposes according to claim 7 is characterized in that the reaction force of the counterelectromotive force of generation when the required damping force of described electrohydraulic energy-regenerative type shock absorber system is worked by generator provides.

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