CN101672776B - A kind of ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device and its measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of two-way reflectivity measuring device of ice layer and its measuring method. The track is slid and fixed, and the instrument frame is provided with two sensor probes, the optical axes of the two sensor probes are at the same angle as the horizontal line, and the sensor probe whose optical axis direction is below the horizontal line points to the center of the semicircular arched track. The present invention also includes a measuring method of the device. When measuring, only the upper arm needs to be adjusted so that the sliding worm remains horizontal; the angle between the optical axes of the two sensor probes and the horizontal line can be guaranteed to be equal. The invention can measure the reflected radiance under different solar azimuth angles and different zenith angles, has the characteristics of stability, reliability and high precision, and is especially suitable for optical data measurement of ice layers in the field for a long time.

Description

A kind of ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device and its measuring method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of measuring the water color of oceans and lakes, in particular to an ice layer two-way reflectance measuring device for measuring the reflectance of ice surfaces. The invention also relates to a measuring method of the device. the

Background technique

Sea ice is a key element in the Earth's climate system. Simulations of large-scale sea ice have shown that sea ice is not only highly sensitive to climate change, but also one of the factors driving climate change. Changes in air temperature will cause changes in the surface properties and thickness of sea ice, thereby regionally affecting the exchange of energy, humidity and dynamics between the atmosphere and the ocean. Short-wave radiation is the main band for energy exchange between the ice sheet and the sun. Therefore, it is very meaningful to understand the interaction between solar short-wave radiation and sea ice, and the potential amplification effect of changes in ice sheet physical properties on climate change. In addition, the components of ultraviolet and visible light transmitted by the ice sheet also have a great impact on the primary productivity and biological activity of the subsurface sea ice. Therefore, in order to study global climate change and ecosystems in polar regions, it is necessary to understand the ultraviolet light band , the distribution of visible light bands and near infrared bands in sea ice. the

In order to study the optical properties of sea ice, there are no related reports on instruments used to measure the optical properties of sea ice in China. The traditional two-way emissivity device can only use a specific angle and fix it at a certain point for measurement, and cannot realize real-time measurement at any position and angle. In order to measure, the optical sensor probe needs to be moved, and it is difficult to keep the incident angle and reflection angle consistent with the horizontal angle during the movement process, resulting in measurement errors. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a kind of ice layer bidirectional reflectance measuring device which can measure any point and any angle on the semicircle arc and ensure the measurement accuracy. Another object of the present invention is to provide the measuring method of this device. the

In order to achieve the above invention, the present invention includes the following technical features: a two-way reflectivity measuring device for ice, comprising a vertically erected semicircular arched track and an instrument rack; the lower end of the semicircular arched track is provided with a fixed structure; the instrument The frame slides and is fixed along the semicircular arch track. Two sensor probes are arranged on the instrument frame. The optical axes of the two sensor probes are at the same angle as the horizontal line, and the sensor probe whose optical axis direction is below the horizontal line points to the semicircular arch. orbital center. the

Furthermore, the instrument rack includes a sliding worm, an upper rotating worm and a lower rotating worm; the upper rotating worm is the same as the lower rotating worm and is respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions of the sliding worm; the upper rotating worm is connected with an upper arm, and the lower rotating The worm gear is connected with the lower arm; adjusting the upper arm can make the upper rotating worm gear, the sliding worm and the lower rotating worm drive cooperate, and when the sliding worm is horizontal, the angle between the upper arm and the lower arm is equal to the horizontal line; the upper arm is equipped with a sensor probe; the lower arm A sensor probe is arranged on the top, the lower arm is connected with the semicircular arch track through the slide rail, and the lower arm points to the center of the semicircular arch track. the

The semicircular arched track is spliced by several arcs, the sliding worm is provided with a horizontal bubble gauge, the semicircular arched track is provided with an angle scale, and the lower arm is provided with an electronic compass. The slide rail and the semicircular arch track are fixed by screws. the

The present invention also includes a method for measuring an ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device, comprising the steps of:

(1) Adjust the slide rail so that the instrument rack slides on the semi-circular arch track, and locate it at the point to be measured;

(2) Adjust the upper arm so that the sliding worm remains horizontal;

(3) Measure the reflected radiance under the solar azimuth and zenith angle at this point through two sensor probes;

(4) After the measurement of this point is completed, re-execute step 1 until all required measurement points are measured. the

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the actual measurement process, the angles between the optical axes of the two sensor probes and the horizontal line are kept equal, so when measuring at any point on the semicircular arched track, the incident light in the moving process can be ensured. It is consistent with the angle between the reflected light and the horizontal, maintaining the accuracy of the measurement. It can be rotated to measure the reflected radiance under different solar azimuth angles and different zenith angles. Due to the reliability and stability of the instrument, long-term measurement can be realized through this device. In actual measurement, the measurement probe can often be connected to the spectrometer through an optical fiber And control system to realize the long-term measurement of ice optical data in field environment. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the two-way reflectivity support of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the instrument frame structure of the two-way reflectivity support of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention is a device for measuring ice reflectivity, which consists of a semicircular arch track 3 and an instrument rack 2 . For the convenience of field operation and transportation, the semicircular arched track 3 is composed of three arcs, and the junction 1. The fixed structures 4 on both sides of the semicircular arched track 3 are perpendicular to the semicircular arched track and play a supporting role to ensure that the semicircular arched track 3 is vertically erected, and the semicircular arched track 3 has an angle scale. The instrument frame 2 can slide and be fixed on the semicircular arched track 3, and the angle scale of the track can read the inclination and direction of the instrument frame. Two optical probes are housed on the instrument frame 2, and the downward optical probe points to the ground at the center of the orbit. the

Fig. 2 is the instrument frame 2 placed on the arched track, the purpose is to measure the incident light from the sky and the reflected light from the ground, so that the angles between the optical axes of the two probes and the horizontal line are equal. In order to achieve the same angle between the incident light and reflected light and the horizontal line during the movement process, the design adopts the structure of the sliding worm 26 and two equally rotating worms, that is, the upper rotating worm 24 and the lower rotating worm 28, and the upper rotating worm 24 and the lower rotating worm 28 The same and are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions of the sliding worm 26; the upper rotating worm gear 24 is connected to the upper arm 23, and the lower rotating worm gear 28 is connected to the lower arm 212. The included angle between the upper arm 23 and the sliding worm 26 is equal to the included angle between the lower arm 212 and the sliding worm 26 . During measurement, the slide rail will drive the lower arm 212 to move in place and be fixed. Since the lower arm 212 points to the center of the semicircular arch track 3, the horizontal angle of the sliding worm 26 changes after the movement. In order to adjust the level of the sliding worm 26 for measurement, Simultaneously, it is ensured that the angle between the upper arm 212 and the sliding worm 26 is equal to the angle between the sliding worm 26 and the lower arm 212. By adopting the sliding worm 26 and two identical rotating worm drive structures, the surveyor only needs to adjust the upper arm 23 so that the sliding worm 26 Just keep it level. the

The instrument mainly has two optical probes 21 and 214, which are respectively fixed on the upper arm 23 and the lower arm 212 by the probe fixing fixture 22. The slide rail 29 is a part of the instrument and is connected with the lower arm 212 . It drives the instrument to slide on the arched track, and fixes the instrument on the arched track with butterfly screws after it is in place. The reflected light probe 214 is always kept towards the center of the arched track, and an electronic compass 213 is installed on the arm 212, which can accurately measure the azimuth and bidirectional inclination angle of the probe 214. A level bubble gauge 25 is installed on the slide worm 26, and whether the slide worm 26 is level can be judged by the level bubble gauge 25. the

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the arch support in the invention rotates around the bottom so as to measure the reflected radiance under different solar azimuth angles and different zenith angles. The sensor probe is a spectral radiance probe for measuring light field distribution and scattering characteristics. The detector is installed on a two-way albedo bracket, and the spectral radiance detection head can rotate around the bottom to measure the reflected radiance under different solar azimuth angles and different zenith angles. The azimuth angle of the probe selected for measurement is 0 degree (the probe is located in the incident surface of the sun, and the front is facing the incident direction of the sun), 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees, and the zenith angle of the probe is set to 0 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees , 40 degrees, 60 degrees and 80 degrees. For example, in the case of an azimuth angle of 0 degrees, measure the two-way reflection factors with zenith angles of 0 degrees, 30 degrees and 60 degrees, and the two-way reflection factors are defined as follows:

R _f (θ ₀ , θ, φ ₀ , φ, λ) = πdI _r (θ ₀ , θ, φ ₀ , φ, λ)/dEs(λ)

Where θ is the zenith angle of the instrument probe, φ is the azimuth angle of the instrument probe, θ ₀ is the zenith angle of the sun, φ ₀ is the azimuth angle of the sun, I _r (θ ₀ , θ, φ ₀ , φ, λ) is the radiance of reflected light, and E _S (λ) is the downward irradiance of the sky.

The irradiance probe includes a cosine collector; the optical fiber outlet includes an optical fiber connector and a sealed software tube, and the optical fiber connected to the optical fiber connector is connected through the sealed software tube. the

Claims (4)

1. A kind of ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device is characterized in that: comprise the semicircle arch track and the instrument frame of vertical erection; The shown semicircle arch track lower end is provided with fixed structure; Described instrument frame is along the semicircle arch track Sliding and fixed, two sensor probes are arranged on the instrument frame, the optical axis of the two sensor probes is equal to the angle between the horizontal line, and the sensor probe whose optical axis direction is below the horizontal line points to the center of the semicircular arch track; the instrument frame It includes a sliding worm, an upper rotating worm and a lower rotating worm; the upper rotating worm and the lower rotating worm are the same and are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions of the sliding worm; the upper rotating worm is connected with an upper arm, and the lower rotating worm is connected with a lower arm; adjust the upper arm It can make the upper rotating worm gear, the sliding worm and the lower rotating worm drive cooperate, and when the sliding worm is horizontal, the angle between the upper arm and the lower arm is equal to the horizontal line; the upper arm is equipped with a sensor probe; the lower arm is equipped with a sensor probe, and the lower arm is equipped with a sensor probe. The slide rail is connected with the semicircular arch track, and the lower arm points to the center of the semicircular arch track. 2. The ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the semicircular arch track is spliced by several arcs, the sliding worm is provided with a horizontal bubble meter, and the semicircular arch There is an angle scale on the shaped track and an electronic compass on the lower arm. 3. The ice layer two-way reflectivity measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the slide rail and the semicircular arch rail are fixed by screws. 4. according to the measuring method of said ice layer two-way reflectance measuring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1) Adjust the slide rail so that the instrument rack slides on the semi-circular arch track, and locate it at the point to be measured; (2) Adjust the upper arm so that the sliding worm remains horizontal; (3) Measure the brightness of the reflection amplitude under the solar azimuth and zenith angle of this point through two sensor probes; (4) After the measurement of this point is completed, re-execute step 1 until all required measurement points are measured.

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