Background technology
Along with the modern facilities Agricultural Development, applying of pipeline fertilizer practice, drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation fertilization technology begin to popularize in China, and this The Application of Technology must could realize fertilizer is water-soluble, and increasing peasant uses fertilizer after water-soluble.
Meanwhile, compound manure obtains application more and more widely, and still, because the limitation of technology, the composite fertilizer overwhelming majority that domestic manufacturer produces is a solid form, and existing compound manure all is that particulate state is used to spread fertilizer over the fields.The peasant finds that these fertilizer are insoluble in water when using as water-soluble fertilizer in conjunction with the pipeline fertilizer practice or with it.
Therefore, the demand of China's liquid fertilizer is very big.Liquid fertilizer is called fluid fertilizer again, comprises clear liquid type, suspension type and sludge-type.But the research of the liquid fertilizer of China is in relatively backward state always, and the compound manure of liquid form is few, though some producer can produce liquid fertilizer, and, these liquid hypertrophys all are the lower clear liquid fertilizer of nutrient content, have also increased transportation cost.Suspension type liquid compound fertilizer is blank in the research of China basically.
Suspension type liquid compound fertilizer is the fluid composite fertilizer that is added with suspension agent, and as a kind of novel efficient compound fertilizer, suspension type liquid compound fertilizer has the following advantages: 1, production cost is relatively low, and equipment is simple, less investment; 2, dust can not occur in producing, using, transport, smog pollutes few; 3, product does not exist moisture absorption and agglomeration problems; 4, can with sterilant, sterilant, herbicide mixture, and can mix; 5, can in accumulating, not produce segregation; 6, can foliage-spray, Sui Shuichong executes, also can sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation or pouring, easy to use, save time, the saving of labor, produce effects fast; 7, raw material can be selected some raw product, reduces production costs greatly; 8, nutrient content can increase substantially with respect to clear liquid fertilizer, or the like.This shows that suspension type liquid compound fertilizer has important promoter action to the crop production of China.
The liquid fertilizer that provides in the market all is monobasic or two element fertilizers, the ternary liquid fertilizer seldom, and contain the trace element ternary liquid fertilizer rarer.The high-quality liquid fertilizer that the peasant uses now nearly all is external import, and price is very expensive, has increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing liquid fertilizer, provide a kind of homogeneity and suspension good suspension type liquid compound fertilizer, wherein contain trace element in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the part, can satisfy the crop growth needs.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of described suspension type liquid compound fertilizer.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of suspension type liquid compound fertilizer is provided, comprises 22~38 parts suspension agent mother liquor and 78~62 parts nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element; Described suspension agent mother liquor comprises 4~12 parts Natvosol, 3~7 parts silicon-dioxide and 15~19 parts water; Described umber is a weight part.
Preferably, described suspension agent liquid composite fertilizer comprises 30 parts suspension agent mother liquor and 70 parts nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element; Described suspension agent mother liquor comprises 8 parts Natvosol, 5 parts silicon-dioxide and 17 parts water; Described umber is a weight part.
The proportioning of described nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element can determine that as a preferred scheme, suspension type liquid compound fertilizer of the present invention comprises the each component that following weight parts is formed according to routine techniques:
Urea 20~40 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 5~15 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 15~30 weight parts;
Natvosol 4~12 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 3~7 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 4~8 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 2~6 weight parts;
Water 15~19 weight parts.
As preferred version, suspension type liquid compound fertilizer of the present invention comprises the each component that following weight parts is formed:
Urea 30 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 10 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 20 weight parts;
Natvosol 8 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 5 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 6 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 4 weight parts;
Water 17 weight parts.
The present invention provides the preparation method of described suspension type liquid compound fertilizer simultaneously, may further comprise the steps:
(1) Natvosol is added adding silicon-dioxide in dissolving back in the hot water, silicon-dioxide dissolving back is stirred and is obtained the suspension agent mother liquor;
(2) add nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element successively, add the another one component again after fully stirring evenly after every adding is a kind of;
(3) all component adds the back stirring.
The described hot water temperature of step (1) is 75~85 ℃; Described churning time is 10~15 minutes.
The described churning time of step (3) is 10~15 minutes.
The using method of suspension fertilizer of the present invention is:
Suspension fertilizer has a small amount of deposition bottom placing too for a long time, dissolving again after fully shaking up before the use; The per kilogram suspension fertilizer is converted about 200 kilograms of water, drenches in crop root after stirring, and drenches clear water again one time drenched fertilizer when using on vegetables after, and the solution on the blade is washed away.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention has selected good suspension agent and auxiliary agent, and definite proportioning, is used for preparing the suspension agent compound manure and can obtains good stability and homogeneity, and crop absorbs fast, the plant recovery of nutrient height.On the basis of suspension agent mother liquor, can prepare compound manure as required, except successfully preparing suspension agent fertilizer and having all advantages of existing suspension agent, the ternary liquid fertilizer that contains trace element more is provided, solved the technical barrier that trace element and fertilizer are used, for crop provides grow required macroelement and micronutrient simultaneously, can solve the nutritional deficiency symptom that process of crop growth occurs, fill up domestic blank.
Production cost of the present invention is low, and equipment is simple, and less investment is finally produced the minimizing cost for the peasant.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Prepare raw material according to following portions by weight:
Urea 30 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 10 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 20 weight parts;
Natvosol 8 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 5 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 6 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 4 weight parts;
Water 17 weight parts.
Wherein, the suspension agent mother liquor accounts for 30 weight parts.
Concrete preparation method is:
(1) Natvosol and silicon-dioxide are mixed with the suspension agent mother liquor: concrete way is as follows: water is heated to 80 ℃ begins to add behind the Natvosol and stir, maintain the temperature at 80 ℃, the limit adds the Natvosol limit stirs, and makes the Natvosol dissolving; Add silicon-dioxide then, stir while adding, added behind two kinds of compositions restir 10~15 minutes, make two kinds of abundant mixings of component;
(2) add urea, vitriolate of tartar, potassium primary phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate successively in the suspension agent mother liquor of step (1) preparation, every adding adds the another one component after fully stirring evenly after a kind of again in the reinforced process;
(3) all components add the abundant stirring in back 10~15 minutes.
(4) after the stirring finished product is packaged in the liquid storing bucket of 30L fully.
It is very good to adopt People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria (NY 1107-2006) to record the comprehensive content's index of fertilizer, is shown in Table 1.
Suspension fertilizer has a small amount of deposition bottom placing too for a long time, dissolving again after fully shaking up before the use; The per kilogram suspension fertilizer is converted about 150~250 kilograms of water, drenches in crop root after stirring, and drenches clear water again one time drenched fertilizer when using on vegetables after, and the solution on the blade is washed away.
Embodiment 2
Prepare raw material according to following portions by weight:
Urea 35 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 15 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 15 weight parts;
Natvosol 6 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 5 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 4 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 3 weight parts;
Water 17 weight parts.
Wherein, the suspension agent mother liquor accounts for 28 weight parts.
Concrete preparation method is:
(1) Natvosol and silicon-dioxide are mixed with the suspension agent mother liquor: concrete way is as follows: water is heated to 85 ℃ begins to add behind the Natvosol and stir, maintain the temperature at 85 ℃, the limit adds the Natvosol limit stirs, and makes the Natvosol dissolving; Add silicon-dioxide then, stir while adding, added behind two kinds of compositions restir 10~15 minutes, make two kinds of abundant mixings of component;
(2) add urea, vitriolate of tartar, potassium primary phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate successively in the suspension agent mother liquor of step (1) preparation, every adding adds the another one component after fully stirring evenly after a kind of again in the reinforced process;
(3) all components add the abundant stirring in back 10~15 minutes.
(4) after the stirring finished product is packaged in the liquid storing bucket of 30L fully.
Using method is with reference to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Prepare raw material according to following portions by weight:
Urea 30 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 15 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 17 weight parts;
Natvosol 7 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 5 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 3 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 4 weight parts;
Water 19 weight parts.
Wherein, the suspension agent mother liquor accounts for 31 weight parts.
Concrete preparation method is:
(1) Natvosol and silicon-dioxide are mixed with the suspension agent mother liquor: concrete way is as follows: water is heated to 75 ℃ begins to add behind the Natvosol and stir, maintain the temperature at 75 ℃, the limit adds the Natvosol limit stirs, and makes the Natvosol dissolving; Add silicon-dioxide then, stir while adding, added behind two kinds of compositions restir 10~15 minutes, make two kinds of abundant mixings of component;
(2) add urea, vitriolate of tartar, potassium primary phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate successively in the suspension agent mother liquor of step (1) preparation, every adding adds the another one component after fully stirring evenly after a kind of again in the reinforced process;
(3) all components add the abundant stirring in back 10~15 minutes.
(4) after the stirring finished product is packaged in the liquid storing bucket of 30L fully.
Using method is with reference to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Urea 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 5 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 30 weight parts;
Natvosol 12 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 7 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 3 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 4 weight parts;
Water 19 weight parts.
Wherein, the suspension agent mother liquor accounts for 38 weight parts.The preparation method is with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5
Urea 37 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 10 weight parts;
Potassium primary phosphate 18 weight parts;
Natvosol 7 weight parts;
Silicon-dioxide 6 weight parts;
Zinc sulfate 5 weight parts;
Manganous sulfate 2 weight parts;
Water 15 weight parts.
Wherein, the suspension agent mother liquor accounts for 28 weight parts, and nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and micro-total amount account for 78 weight parts.The preparation method is with embodiment 3.
The performance test of embodiment 6 suspension type compound manure of the present invention
The suspension type compound manure that the embodiment of the invention 1~5 prepares with the fertilizer nutrient particle suspension in liquid, thereby form high dispersing, the liquid fertilizer of nutrient content height, good fluidity.The content's index that adopts People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria (NY 1107-2006) to record fertilizer sees Table 1.
Table 1 suspension fertilizer quality index
|
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Embodiment 5 |
Nitrogenous (N) |
193g/L |
??222g/L |
??191g/L |
??125g/L |
??234g/L |
Phosphorous (P
2O
5)
|
146g/L |
??107g/L |
??122g/L |
??212g/L |
??129g/L |
Contain potassium (K
2O)
|
166g/L |
??173g/L |
??184g/L |
??172g/L |
??153g/L |
Contain trace element |
48g/L |
??33g/L |
??32g/L |
??32g/L |
??33g/L |
Moisture |
17% |
??17% |
??19% |
??19% |
??15% |
Density |
1.40g/cm3 |
1.38g/cm3 |
1.39g/cm3 |
1.36g/cm3 |
1.38g/cm3 |
Outward appearance |
Milky white liquid |
Milky white liquid |
Milky white liquid |
Milky white liquid |
Milky white liquid |
Homogeneity |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Suspension |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Well |
Packing |
Blue plastic cement bucket |
Blue plastic cement bucket |
Blue plastic cement bucket |
Blue plastic cement bucket |
Blue plastic cement bucket |
Packing specifications |
The 30Kg/ bucket |
The 30Kg/ bucket |
The 30Kg/ bucket |
The 30Kg/ bucket |
The 30Kg/ bucket |
The application test of embodiment 7 suspension type compound manure of the present invention
With the cabbage heart is trial crops, with Norway composite fertilizer 15-15-15 (water-soluble entirely) and green emerging liquid fertilizer (the green emerging composite fertilizer in Yunfu City, Guangdong Province (Xijiang River) company limited, Yunfu, Guangdong.Organic: 30, humic acids: 8, N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=4%) be contrast product, the suspension type compound manure for preparing with embodiment 1~5 is that test sample carries out manure trial research to suspension type compound manure of the present invention.
Test method:
Rate of fertilizer application is according to the standard of pot experiment, nitrogen is 0.17g/kg soil, phosphorus is 0.14g/kg soil, potassium is 0.17g/kg soil, the basin of this test is selected the basin of adorning 20 kilograms of soil for use, and amounting to every basin soil needs nitrogen 3.4g, needs phosphorus 2.7g, need potassium 3.4g, three kinds of fertilizer are used the dosage of identical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content simultaneously.
According to being accustomed to fertile of peasant, one jin of fertilizer is converted 160 jin in water.The whole growth phase of cabbage heart is roughly 45 days.Fertilising in per 6~7 days once imposes 6 times, promptly imposes suspension type compound manure 4g of the present invention at every turn, converts even pouring of water 300g and executes.Pouring is drenched the 300g clear water after executing suspension type compound manure solution of the present invention again.The usage of Norway composite fertilizer 15-15-15 and green emerging liquid fertilizer is the same.Blank is handled and is not applied fertilizer, and applies the clear water of equivalent at every turn.
Test-results:
What (1) average specific collection period of using the cabbage heart of suspension type compound manure of the present invention was used Norway composite fertilizer and green emerging liquid fertilizer has shifted to an earlier date 3 days respectively and 5 days, and the cabbage heart that blank is handled can not normally be finished whole growing.
(2) mean yield of cabbage heart of using suspension type compound manure of the present invention is than the difference of using Norway composite fertilizer and green emerging liquid fertilizer high 15% and 30%, and the cabbage heart that blank is handled does not have output substantially.
(3) stem/leaf ratio of using the cabbage heart of suspension type compound manure of the present invention is used the tender of Norway composite fertilizer and green emerging liquid fertilizer, by appearance method notable difference as can be seen, especially it is obviously good to use the suspension type compound manure cabbage heart growing way that embodiment 1 prepares, and range estimation cauline leaf fertilizer is tender.And the yellow number of sheets of using the cabbage heart of suspension type compound manure of the present invention lacks 10% and 15% respectively than what use Norway composite fertilizer and green emerging liquid fertilizer.