CN101643882A - Clean steel smelting method of anti-S steel oil well pipe - Google Patents
Clean steel smelting method of anti-S steel oil well pipe Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium sulfide Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[S-2].[S-2].[S-2] COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a clean steel smelting method of an anti-S steel oil well pipe, which relates to a smelting and preparing technology of an oil well pipe blank used in a corrosive oil-gas fieldenvironment. Clean steel comprises suitable chemical compositions by weight percent: 0.20-0.35 percent of C, not more than 1.00 percent of Si, not more than 0.60 percent of Mn, not more than 0.015 percent of P, not more than 0.010 percent of S, not more than 1.50 percent of Cr, 0.15-1.0 percent of Mo, 0.01-0.06 percent of Als, not more than 0.09 percent of Ti, not more than 0.05 percent of Nb, notmore than 0.0030 percent of N, not more than 0.0030 percent of O, not more than 0.0002 percent of H and Fe and the balance of unavoidable impurities. The clean steel smelting method adopts the following production technical lines by aiming at the clean steel with the compositions: choosing matching materials; smelting in an arc furnace; refining in an LF furnace; refining in a VD furnace; continuously casting in an arc shape; controlling hydraulic pressure and casting in full protection. The clean steel smelting method reduces the impurity content in the steel by controlling the proper content of C, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, N, O, H, and the like, the impurities are smaller and dispersive by the control of a subsequent technology, the component distribution is more uniform, tissues are evenly thinned, and the combination property of the anti-sulfur oil well pipe is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the advanced smelting technology of iron and steel, specifically is a kind of clean steel smelting method of anti-S steel oil well pipe.
Background technology
Usually comprise that by harmful element content in the steel quantity, form and the size of P, S, N, H, O (for ultra low-carbon steel C also as harmful element) and non-metallic inclusion estimate the purity of steel.Can reduce the multiple performance of steel when the content of these elements is high, as tensile strength, toughness, formability, weldability, cracking resistance line and erosion resistance, fatigue property etc.Simultaneously, also can reduce the surface quality of steel.
Along with the develop rapidly of all trades and professions, the performance of steel is also had higher requirement.Require C, N, T.O all less than 0.0020% as: car panel, and beverages can not only requires T.O less than 0.0020%, require the inclusion diameter must be simultaneously less than 20 μ m.For the oil well pipe of working under complex environment, it is subjected to stress and corrosive gases such as H
2The acting in conjunction of S easily causes sulfide-stress cracking,, is difficult to by the sulfide-stress cracking standard test the just fracture in advance at several hours, tens hours mostly especially for the oil well pipe of high grade of steel more than the 125KSI.The approach that improves sulfide-stress cracking mainly contains aspects such as steel alloy designing technique, smelting Technology for Clean Steel, Control and Inclusion Removal technology and heat treatment technics.Adopt the few Clean Steel of foreign matter content prepare anti-sulphur oil well pipe be solve high steel grade oil well casing kinds of anti-sulfur corrosion ability must be through approach.Therefore, the purity of raising steel for oil well pipes has become one of main direction of studying of oil well pipe industry.
1970, in the Clean Steel international conference that Hungary holds, metallurgical expert just proposed to smelt the technology of Clean Steel.Qualitative leap has appearred in the purity smelting technical development of steel in the nineties, Thyssen deep drawing steel carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen six big element total contents have reduced to 0.01% the nineties; Korea S's Pu item deep drawing steel phosphorus, sulphur, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen five big element total content optimum levels also reach 0.008%.The steel mill of world-class level is all at the purity of managing to improve steel.Therefore, the steel-making expert thinks that the ultra-clean steel smelting technology is one of core of the steel-smelting technology innovation nineties.At present, Clean Steel has been widely used in automobile, household electrical appliances, foodstuffs industry and ocean structure, acidproof pipeline etc. to the strict field of steel performance.Since the eighties in last century, because the development and the development of technology of national defence, traffic, oil and automobile and other industries are harsh day by day to the requirement of steel performance.Require C, N, T.O all less than 0.0020% as: car panel, and beverages can not only requires T.O less than 0.0020%, require the inclusion diameter must be simultaneously less than 20 μ m.
For can adapt to high strength, long lifetime, corrosion-resistant, under severe environment requirements of one's work, more and more higher to the requirement of the high purity of steel grades such as petroleum casing pipe, deep drawing sheet, high quality pipeline steel and welding rod steel, high evenness, grain fineness.Therefore, the purity of raising steel has become the main direction of studying of steel industry.Along with the popularization and the development of continuous casting technology and the outer treatment technology of stove, the steel purity significantly improves.The purity of steel improves constantly obvious processing and the use properties of improving steel, has formed a collection of steel grade that is called Clean Steel or Clean Steel thus.
At present, Clean Steel be widely used in automobile, household electrical appliances, foodstuffs industry and to ocean structure, acidproof pipeline etc. to the strict field of steel performance.The production of existing Clean Steel is mainly concentrated both ways: (1) reduces the content of impurity element in the steel as far as possible; (2) inclusion in the steel is controlled in strictness, comprises quantity, size, distribution, shape, the type of inclusion.The content thermodynamics and kinetics condition that mainly construction the best is removed in various hot metal pretreatment and secondary refining equipment that reduces solute element in the steel realizes that the control of steel inclusion mainly is its generation of minimizing, it is carried out modification, short its come-up.
Summary of the invention
The clean steel smelting method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of anti-S steel oil well pipe.By adopting new hot metal pretreatment method, proportioning raw materials technology, the refining of LF stove, external refining decarburization, sulfur method and Control and Inclusion Removal technology, controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology etc., control is mingled with quantity, particle diameter, distribution etc. in the steel, realizes steel grades such as the anti-S oil well pipe of pipe suitability for industrialized production.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the chemical ingredients of the Clean Steel of described anti-sulphur steel oil well pipe is C0.20～0.35%, Si≤1.00%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr≤1.50%, Mo0.15～1.0%, Als0.01～0.06%, Ti≤0.09%, Nb≤0.05%, N≤0.0030%, O≤0.0030%, H≤0.0002%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Unit is weight percentage.
The method of smelting described anti-sulphur steel oil well pipe Clean Steel comprises the steps:
(1) batching
Choose the iron sand that originates from Brazil and carry out direct reducing and smelting, obtain sponge iron; Then will through taking off S, take off P and take off the pretreated pig iron of Si or heating molten steel, sponge iron and steel scrap as raw material; Proportioning raw materials is the described pig iron or heating molten steel 40～60%, sponge iron 30～50%, steel scrap 10～20%; Require the sulphur content of the pig iron and sponge iron to be respectively S≤0.070% and S≤0.050%; Unit is a weight percentage;
Described Brazilian iron sand chemical ingredients＜butt is as the criterion 〉: Fe is not less than 50%, SiO
2Be not higher than 5%, Al
2O
3Be not higher than 5%, P is not higher than 0.15%, S is not higher than 0.15%, moisture is not higher than 16%, size 0-18 millimeter is minimum accounts for 90%;
Described sponge iron is meant and adopts non-blast furnace technology, and iron ore being lower than under the temperature of fusion, is made reductive agent with coal, the ferriferous oxide in the direct-reduced iron ore and the metallic iron that obtains claims " direct-reduced iron ".This iron is examined under a microscope, and its likeness in form porous sponge is so be commonly called as " sponge iron ".
(2) electric arc furnace smelting
The above-mentioned raw materials of choosing is put into electric arc furnace smelt, take height to join carbon, the following slag when the method control of taking buggy ladle to weigh is tapped; During tapping P is controlled at below 0.015%; The temperature of molten steel all remains between 1550 ℃～1580 ℃ basically in the molten bath;
Described height is joined carbon and is meant in molten steel and adds than needed more carbon usually, generally is meant than described carbon content to Duo 30～80% carbon.Electric furnace is joined carbon by height exactly, utilizes oxygen decarburization (carbon-oxygen reaction: C+O
2→ CO) these means reach accelerated reaction, evenly composition, temperature, the purpose of removing gas and being mingled with; Described tapping is meant the molten steel of emitting melting;
The processing parameter of electric arc furnace is: 4.2 meters furnace shells of diameter, nominal capacity 20T, actual tap 35T, transformer capacity 12500KVA.Configuration fire door oxygen rifle, the top is reinforced, eccentric bottom tapping, electrode is regulated automatically, and body of heater hydraulic pressure fascinates, water cooled cover, furnace wall.
(3) LF stove (being ladle refining furnace) refining
To transfer in the LF stove through the molten steel behind the electric arc furnace smelting, 1550～1600 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures by feeding silk, Al final deoxygenation, Caization processing, guarantee that the molten steel oxygen level is 20 * 10
-6Following is very low-level, accurately controls the molten steel composition, make C be controlled at ± 0.015% scope in, sour molten aluminium is controlled at 0.020～0.060%; Take soft stirring eventually, the assurance inclusion is fully assembled come-up, improves the molten steel purity, realizes that S content is controlled at below 0.010%.LF furnace zone buggy ladle is weighed transformer capacity 7000KVA.
The described silk of feeding is to point to the purpose that adds the cored-wire of certain alloying element in the molten steel and reach fine setting molten steel chemical ingredients; When feeding silk, in molten steel, add the cored-wire of a kind of alloying element in the chemical ingredients that contains described Clean Steel, with the content of alloying element described in the fine setting molten steel to described composition range.Aluminium deoxidation efficient height and cost are lower, so the steel aluminium deoxidation is present most popular method of deoxidation.Final deoxygenation is the important step of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION, and aluminium is indispensable material as the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION final deoxygenation, thereby is used widely, and it also is an important element of regulating the metal grain degree simultaneously.Described Caization processing is meant and adds the calcium metal deoxidization desulfuration, to change Al
2O
3The form of inclusion; Soft stirring at described end is meant ladle air blowing stirring, so that liquid steel temperature stable and uniform in the casting process;
(4) VD stove (being vacuum refining furnace) refining
To transfer to through LF stove purified molten steel and carry out vacuum outgas in the VD stove, 1550～1600 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures are mingled with the gas that reduces in the molten steel, make H, the N in the molten steel, total amount≤100 * 10 of O
-6The processing parameter of VD stove is: working vacuum degree 65Pa, final vacuum 20Pa.
(5) arc continuous casting
Pour VD stove purified molten steel into curved type continuous caster and carry out the whole process protection casting; Liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is in positive and negative 3mm scope; The crystallizer induction stirring to improve the strand segregation, guarantees the composition and the homogeneous microstructure of strand; Utilize cold air and cold mist to cool off automatic distribution water, guarantee the strand cooling evenly, improve the strand internal soundness, prevent that the strand outside surface from cracking; Take big bag to weigh, bale slag-blanking during the may command casting is in order to avoid Baogang's water in polluting.
Make the final chemical ingredients of described Clean Steel be, C0.20～0.35%, Si≤1.00%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr≤1.50%, Mo0.15～1.0%, Als0.01-0.06%, Ti≤0.09%, Nb≤0.05%, N≤0.0030%, O≤0.0030%, H≤0.0002%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Unit is weight percentage.
Processing parameter: the R8m curved type continuous caster, two machines are second-rate.
Configuration: big bag is weighed middle containing amount 7T; Mold liquid level is controlled automatically; The crystallizer induction stirring; Two cold air fog coolings, automatic distribution water.
Described protection casting is meant that in the continuous casting process for preventing the secondary oxidation of molten steel, guarantee the important measures of molten steel cleanliness, it comprises four aspects: 1, molten steel is to the protection of tundish beam; 2, the protection of tundish beam face; 3, tundish is to the protection of crystallizer beam; 4, the protection of crystallizer beam face; Concrete protected mode is suitably to add long nozzle, in the protection casting cycle molten steel blowing argon gas is protected.
Described long nozzle claims protective casing again, is used for the protection cast of the stream of steel between ladle and the tundish, can prevent the molten steel secondary oxidation and from ambient air absorbed nitrogen, also avoided the volume slag problem of unlimited cast simultaneously.Long nozzle is the refractory materials that connects big bag and tundish, and long nozzle has stable molten steel flow state, prevents functions such as molten steel oxidation.
Described Als is meant sour molten aluminium, in the steel-smelting production process in order to reduce the oxygen level in the steel, deoxidation materials (or its composite alloy) such as aluminium commonly used, barium, calcium, silicon, manganese and oxygen react into and float to the molten steel upper strata on the oxide compound slag and reduce oxygen level in the steel, wherein aluminium is good reductor, the easy and oxygen reaction generation Al of aluminium
2O
3(minute quantity aluminium nitride) has the part pure aluminum to dissolve in the steel simultaneously, and this part pure aluminum can be called sour molten aluminium by the acid dissolving; And the Al of minute quantity
2O
3Also can be trapped in and form inclusion in the steel, reduce the performance of steel, this part Al
2O
3General being difficult for by the acid dissolving.Pure aluminum and Al
2O
3Total content become full aluminium (content).
When measuring aluminium content, with chemical analysis is with the acid dissolving, metallic aluminium, aluminium nitride, aluminium sulfide generally can be dissolved in the acid, be called sour molten aluminium, and aluminum oxide and spinel etc. often are insoluble to acid and are called sour insoluble aluminium. the aluminium that we measure at ordinary times generally all is sour molten aluminium. but generally do not require the measurement of carrying out this respect, have only some special steels that the requirement of this respect is just arranged. present most of spectrograph is all according to a certain percentage calculated out.Only time decomposes distribution of pulses analytical method technology and just can measure.
For example in the steel-smelting production process in order to reduce the oxygen level in the steel, deoxidation materials (or its composite alloy) such as aluminium commonly used, barium, calcium, silicon, manganese and oxygen react into and float to the molten steel upper strata on the oxide compound slag and reduce oxygen level in the steel, wherein aluminium is good reductor, the easy and oxygen reaction generation Al of aluminium
2O
3(minute quantity aluminium nitride) has the part pure aluminum to dissolve in the steel simultaneously, and this part pure aluminum can be called sour molten aluminium by the acid dissolving; And the Al of minute quantity
2O
3Also can be trapped in and form inclusion in the steel, reduce the performance of steel, this part Al
2O
3General being difficult for by the acid dissolving.Pure aluminum and Al
2O
3Total content become full aluminium (content).
It is to be benchmark with the unit mass anhydrous solid that described butt is as the criterion.In the various calculating of dry and damping, adopt butt more convenient.Iron ore is generally settled accounts with butt, deducts 105 ℃ of weight behind the following evaporable moisture exactly.
Described Da Bao, Zhong Bao are meant: big bag, tundish, crystallizer, two cold-zones etc. are arranged in continuous casting installation for casting.Big bag is splendid attire and the equipment that transports molten steel; The centre is surrounded by the storage molten steel, lowers ferrostatic pressure, and the effect of shunting and purify hot metal is last important metallurgical reaction that molten steel enters crystallizer.Crystallizer is the visual plant of molten steel solidification moulding, and the crystallizer outlet must have enough and uniform protegulum thickness, and guaranteeing can bleedout.Current domestic and international continuous casting development trend: bale panoramic tables is arranged, be surrounded by weighing greatly, adopt the intrusive mood mouth of a river and covering slag pouring procedure between tundish and crystallizer, can prevent secondary oxidation of steel.Metering directly affects carrying out smoothly of continuous casting production to whole continuous casting production process to molten steel.Big bag is weighed and can be determined pouring molten steel residual volume in the ladle, help improving the steel recovery rate, may command tundish liquid level, the weighing of big bag can be to the notion of the molten steel height amount of having in the ladle, can find out the critical surface of removing inclusion, and the control of middle bag liquid level provides reliable adjusting parameter for the casting process casting speed, being beneficial to continuous casting production normally carries out, guarantee non-leakagely, uninterruptedly produce.
The production practice of theoretical investigation and iron and steel enterprise show, contain ferric oxide in the ladle, the slag of manganese oxide and silicon oxide flows into after the tundish from ladle, can cause the scaling loss of easily oxidized alloy element such as aluminium and titanium in the molten steel, and the generation aluminate, influence the purity of molten steel, and cause the surface quality problems of cold-reduced sheet and paint sheet easily, aluminum oxide in the molten steel also can cause nozzle clogging in addition, influences the continuous casting sequence casting.Slag enters tundish in the ladle, and the steel mill of many production high-quality steel adopts ladle to stay steel to water steel when continuous casting, has satisfied specification of quality though do like this, has sacrificed the recovery rate of molten steel.
The slag of emitting from cinder notch in the flushing and casting process deserves to be called slag, and the slag of emitting with molten iron from the iron mouth claims slag down.
The following slag of converter tapping process is divided into three phases, and wherein about 15% following slag occurs in the tapping initial stage, the whirlpool sucking-off that about 60% slag is formed in the tapping process, and the following slag of residue 25% occurs in the tapping ending phase.In order to reduce the quantity of slag down, at first want and can rapid detection arrive slag down, secondly be the pushing off the slag means efficiently and effectively of selecting, just cooperating to reach, the two reduces the final purpose of the quantity of slag down.
Big generally speaking containing amount is 80～100 tons, and middle containing amount is 20～40 tons.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect: the appropriate level by elements such as control C, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, N, O, H, reduced inclusion content of steel, and reduced rolling difficulty; Casting speed is fast, and the production efficiency height has guaranteed the quality of strand; Solidifying at a high speed makes the continuously cast bloom composition even, the segregation degree is little, be mingled with tiny, the dispersion of form, the composition profiles even matter that more becomes, structure refinement is even, guarantee the over-all properties of anti-sulphur oil well pipe, and can realize the production of same design mix varying strength rank product, particularly can be fit to the production of the anti-sulphur oil well pipe of high strength product.
Embodiment
Designed equipment situation and the process condition that arrives of the present invention is as follows:
(1) equipment situation
A. first furnace: 4.2 meters furnace shells of diameter, nominal capacity 20T, actual tap 35T, transformer capacity 12500KVA;
Configuration fire door oxygen rifle, the top is reinforced, eccentric bottom tapping, electrode is regulated automatically, and body of heater hydraulic pressure fascinates, water cooled cover, furnace wall;
B. refining furnace: the LF stove, the band buggy ladle is weighed transformer capacity 7000KVA;
C.VD stove: working vacuum degree 65Pa, final vacuum 20Pa;
D. continuous casting: the R8m curved type continuous caster, two machines are second-rate;
Configuration: big bag is weighed middle containing amount 7T; Mold liquid level is controlled automatically; The crystallizer induction stirring; Two cold air fog coolings, automatic distribution water.
(2) process condition
A. proportioning raw materials 40% pig iron (or heating molten steel) S≤0.070%
40% sponge iron S≤0.050% (self-produced)
20% steel scrap
Because the shared furnace charge ratio of steel scrap is little, can guarantee that residual element content is in very low scope.
B. first furnace, 1) height is joined carbon, and decarburized amount is big, and degassing, it is strong to be mingled with ability.2) buggy ladle is weighed and can be controlled following slag when putting steel.3) putting steel [P] can be controlled at below 0.015%.
C. refining LF stove, 1) can accurately control the molten steel composition; 2) silk of feeding function is arranged, adopt the A1 final deoxygenation, Caization processing then guarantees the molten steel oxygen level very low-level, and the A1 inclusion can not cause the continuous casting process accident after the Caization processing, and final slab quality.3) eventually soft stirring can guarantee that inclusion fully assembles come-up, improves the molten steel purity.4) [S] can be controlled in below 0.010%.
The d.VD stove, working vacuum degree 65Pa, final vacuum 20Pa;
E. arc continuous casting, 1) the whole process protection casting.2) mold liquid level is controlled automatically, and liquid fluctuating is in positive and negative 3mm scope.Reduce the strand slag inclusion, guarantee cc billet surface quality.3) crystallizer induction stirring is improved the strand segregation, guarantees the composition and the homogeneous microstructure of strand.4) two cold air fog cooling automatic distribution waters guarantee the strand cooling evenly, improve the strand internal soundness, prevent that the strand outside surface from cracking.5) big bag is weighed, and bale slag-blanking during the may command casting is in order to avoid Baogang's water in polluting.
F. subsidiary material by relevant national standard control buying, are ensured the quality of products entirely.
Table one, two is introduced the specific embodiment of the present invention by several groups of different grades of steel, and element all is weight percentage in the table.
Arbitrary embodiment according to the mentioned component design adopts following production process route: the selected → electric arc furnace smelting of preparing burden → LF stove refining → VD stove refining → arc continuous casting, hydrostatic control and full guard casting.
The non-metallic inclusion that Clean Steel of the present invention is examined under a microscope in 100 visual fields adds up to maximum 18, inclusion maximum particle diameter 8 μ m, do not produce because steel billet surface defect and the cracking that inclusion causes do not produce because the needle pore defect that bubble causes.
The present invention is directed to the pure of described composition and adopt following production process route: the selected → electric arc furnace smelting of preparing burden → LF stove refining → VD stove refining → arc continuous casting, hydrostatic control and full guard casting with steel.The characteristics of each operation are:
1) LF stove refining
A. can accurately control the molten steel composition.Activity oxygen concn among the control RH, impurity level in the control molten steel makes 6 kinds of element total amounts such as C, P, S, N, O, H less than 0.0100% (by weight percentage);
B., the silk of feeding function is arranged, adopt the A1 final deoxygenation, Caization processing then guarantees the molten steel oxygen level very low-level, and the A1 inclusion can not cause the continuous casting process accident after the Caization processing, and final slab quality.
C. eventually soft stirring can guarantee that inclusion fully assembles come-up, improves the molten steel purity.
D.S can be controlled in below 0.010%.
2) VD stove refining, working vacuum degree 65Pa, final vacuum 20Pa;
3) arc continuous casting
A. whole process protection casting.
B. mold liquid level is controlled automatically, and liquid fluctuating is in positive and negative 3mm scope.Reduce the strand slag inclusion, guarantee cc billet surface quality.
C. the crystallizer induction stirring is improved the strand segregation, guarantees the composition and the homogeneous microstructure of strand.
D. two cold air fog cooling automatic distribution waters guarantee the strand cooling evenly, improve the strand internal soundness, prevent that the strand outside surface from cracking.
E. big bag is weighed, and bale slag-blanking during the may command casting is in order to avoid Baogang's water in polluting.
The non-metallic inclusion that the present invention examines under a microscope in 100 visual fields adds up to maximum 18, and inclusion maximum particle diameter 8 μ m do not produce because steel billet surface defect and the cracking that inclusion causes do not produce because the needle pore defect that bubble causes.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of Clean Steel of anti-sulphur steel oil well pipe is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of described Clean Steel is C0.20～0.35%, Si≤1.00%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr≤1.50%, Mo0.15～1.0%, Als0.01～0.06%, Ti≤0.09%, Nb≤0.05%, N≤0.0030%, O≤0.0030%, H≤0.0002%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Unit is weight percentage.
2, smelt the method for the described anti-sulphur steel oil well pipe Clean Steel of claim 1, it is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
(1) batching: choose the iron sand that originates from Brazil and carry out direct reducing and smelting, obtain sponge iron; Then will through taking off S, take off P and take off the pretreated pig iron of Si or heating molten steel, sponge iron and steel scrap as raw material; Proportioning raw materials is the pig iron or heating molten steel 40～60%, sponge iron 30～50%, steel scrap 10～20%, requires the sulphur content of the pig iron and sponge iron to be respectively S≤0.070% and S≤0.050%; Unit is a weight percentage;
(2) electric arc furnace smelting: the above-mentioned raw materials of choosing is put into electric arc furnace smelt, take height to join carbon, the following slag during the method control tapping of weighing with buggy ladle; During tapping P is controlled at below 0.015%, the temperature of molten steel remains between 1550 ℃～1580 ℃ in the molten bath;
(3) ladle refining furnace refining: will transfer in the ladle refining furnace 1550～1600 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures through the molten steel behind the electric arc furnace smelting; When the ladle refining furnace refining, guarantee that by hello silk, Al final deoxygenation, Caization processing the molten steel oxygen level is 20 * 10
-6Below, accurately control the molten steel composition, make C be controlled at ± 0.015% scope in, sour molten aluminium is controlled at 0.020～0.060%; Take ladle air blowing stirring method, guarantee that the inclusion in the molten steel is fully assembled come-up, to improve the molten steel purity, control S content is below 0.010%.
(4) vacuum refining furnace refining: will transfer to through ladle refining furnace purified molten steel and carry out vacuum outgas in the vacuum refining furnace, 1550～1600 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures make the total amount that gas is mingled with in the molten steel≤100 * 10
-6, described gas is mingled with and comprises among H, N and the O one or more; During the vacuum refining furnace refining: working vacuum degree 65Pa, final vacuum 20Pa.
(5) arc continuous casting: pour VD stove purified molten steel into curved type continuous caster and carry out the whole process protection casting; Liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is in positive and negative 3mm scope; During arc continuous casting, crystallizer adopts induction stirring, to improve the strand segregation, guarantees the composition and the homogeneous microstructure of strand; Utilize cold air and cold fog cooling automatic distribution water, guarantee the strand cooling evenly, improve the strand internal soundness, prevent that the strand outside surface from cracking; Take big bag to weigh, bale slag-blanking during the control casting is in order to avoid pollute the tundish molten steel;
Make the final chemical ingredients of described Clean Steel be, C0.20～0.35%, Si≤1.00%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr≤1.50%, Mo0.15～1.0%, Als0.01-0.06%, Ti≤0.09%, Nb≤0.05%, N≤0.0030%, O≤0.0030%, H≤0.0002%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Unit is weight percentage.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the chemical ingredients of described Brazilian iron sand is as the criterion with butt: Fe is not less than 50%, SiO
2Be not higher than 5%, Al
2O
3Be not higher than 5%, P is not higher than 0.15%, S is not higher than 0.15%, unit is a weight percentage; And the moisture of described Brazilian iron sand is not higher than 16%, size is greater than 0, accounts for 90% less than 18 millimeters minimum.
4, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when height is joined carbon, in molten steel, add than described carbon content and Duo 30～80% carbon, utilize the mode of oxygen decarburization, come accelerated reaction, evenly composition and temperature are removed gas and are mingled with, and the reaction formula of the carbon-oxygen during oxygen decarburization is: C+O
2→ CO.
5, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when feeding silk, adds the cored-wire of a kind of alloying element in the chemical ingredients that contains described Clean Steel in molten steel, with the content of alloying element described in the fine setting molten steel to described composition range.
6, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when the Caization processing, adds calcium metal and come deoxidization desulfuration in molten steel, to change Al
2O
3The form of inclusion.
7, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described protection casting comprises: a, molten steel are to the protection of tundish beam; The protection of b, tundish beam face; C, tundish are to the protection of crystallizer beam; The protection of d, crystallizer beam face; In the protection casting cycle, the molten steel blowing argon gas is protected.
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| CN200910034077A CN101643882A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | Clean steel smelting method of anti-S steel oil well pipe |
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| CN200910034077A CN101643882A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | Clean steel smelting method of anti-S steel oil well pipe |
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