CN101642221B - Functional soy peptide fermented milk and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明一种功能性大豆多肽发酵乳及其制备方法,涉及食品加工领域中的一种发酵乳制品的制造方法。按照下述步骤进行:(1)发酵基料的制备,(2)母发酵剂的制备,(3)同步酶解和发酵,(4)调配、均质,(5)超高压杀菌、灌装即为成品。本发明采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术,同时采用超声波处理磨浆后的浆渣混合物,增加蛋白的溶出率以及超高压非热力处理制备酸豆乳。产品风味协调,无酶解异味;酶解发酵时间可缩短2~4h,生产成本低。超高压处理能显著改善并增加产品风味;保持并生产新的功能肽;抑制乳酸菌继续发酵并保持一定的微生物活菌数;延长酸豆奶的保质期,防止酸乳包装后因酸度继续增加而导致的乳清分离,且可使产品在常温下进行贮藏销售。The invention relates to a functional soybean polypeptide fermented milk and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a method for manufacturing fermented milk products in the field of food processing. Follow the steps below: (1) Preparation of fermentation base material, (2) Preparation of mother starter, (3) Synchronous enzymolysis and fermentation, (4) Blending, homogenization, (5) Ultra-high pressure sterilization, filling That is the finished product. The invention adopts protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation technology, and at the same time, ultrasonic treatment is used to process the pulp residue mixture after pulping, so as to increase the dissolution rate of protein and superhigh pressure non-thermal treatment to prepare soy bean milk. The flavor of the product is coordinated, and there is no peculiar smell of enzymatic hydrolysis; the fermentation time of enzymatic hydrolysis can be shortened by 2-4 hours, and the production cost is low. Ultra-high pressure treatment can significantly improve and increase product flavor; maintain and produce new functional peptides; inhibit lactic acid bacteria from continuing to ferment and maintain a certain number of viable microorganisms; prolong the shelf life of yogurt and prevent yogurt from being packaged due to continued increase in acidity. The whey is separated, and the product can be stored and sold at room temperature.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及食品加工领域中的一种发酵乳制品的制造方法,特别涉及一种以大豆为主要原料,采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术生产的功能性大豆多肽发酵乳及其制备方法。The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a fermented milk product in the field of food processing, in particular to a functional soybean polypeptide fermented milk produced by using soybean as a main raw material and adopting protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymolysis fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
大豆是一种来源广、成本低的优质植物性蛋白资源。含有丰富的蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸、各种维生素、矿物质、异黄酮、低聚糖及人体必需但不能自身合成的多种氨基酸等成分。不仅具有抗氧化、降血脂等功能,而且由于大豆低聚糖中含有丰富的益生元,具有激活体内益生菌增殖、增强免疫力等作用。Soybean is a high-quality vegetable protein resource with wide sources and low cost. It is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, various vitamins, minerals, isoflavones, oligosaccharides and various amino acids that are necessary for the human body but cannot be synthesized by itself. It not only has the functions of anti-oxidation and lowering blood fat, but also has the functions of activating the proliferation of probiotics in the body and enhancing immunity due to the rich prebiotics in soybean oligosaccharides.
酸豆乳不但保留了豆乳的营养成分,又利用酶和乳酸菌的作用使豆乳具有醇香、清爽的酸香,同时部分蛋白质被分解为低分子的肽、氨基酸等物质,营养成分了发生改变,更易于被人体消化吸收,不仅营养价值高,而且对改善人体内部的营养结构有很大的好处。但截止目前,兼有大豆多肽和益生菌的酸豆乳在国内仍然没有有影响力的产品面市。Sour soy milk not only retains the nutrients of soy milk, but also uses enzymes and lactic acid bacteria to make soy milk have a mellow and refreshing sour aroma. At the same time, part of the protein is decomposed into low-molecular peptides, amino acids and other substances, and the nutritional components are changed. Being digested and absorbed by the human body, it not only has high nutritional value, but also has great benefits for improving the nutritional structure inside the human body. But so far, there are still no influential products on the market in China that contain soybean peptides and probiotics.
经过专利检索,目前存在的有关酸豆乳方面的专利,一部分是原料豆乳不经过酶解,仅仅利用乳酸菌发酵制得,只是注重菌种的筛选和产品的调配;另一部分虽然也是采用微生物和酶工程技术制得,却将酶解和发酵分步进行,且多次对基料进行热力处理,因此大大延长了产品的生产周期,同时增加了工业化生产成本。而且以上工艺多采用高温热力杀菌。在专利“一种纯大豆乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法”(申请号200510038298.6)中着重介绍菌种的驯化和产品的调配,且采用热力杀菌;在专利“具有增加骨密度、抑制血管紧张素转化酶功能的无乳糖发酵大豆乳及其制备方法”(申请号200510014997.7)中着重强调了所选菌种制得的产品的保健功能,杀菌的工艺没有说明;在专利“大豆肽乳酸菌饮料及其制备方法”(申请号200710018715.X)采用的是酶解和发酵分步进行,且采用热力杀菌,又对杀菌后产品的活菌数也没有说明。目前,还没有采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术以及结合超声波、超高压非热力处理来制备功能性酸豆乳的技术方法报道。According to the patent search, the existing patents on yogurt are part of the raw material soymilk, which is not enzymatically hydrolyzed, but only fermented by lactic acid bacteria, and only focuses on the selection of strains and the deployment of products; the other part is also the use of microorganisms and enzyme engineering. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are carried out step by step, and the base material is subjected to heat treatment for many times, thus greatly prolonging the production cycle of the product and increasing the cost of industrial production. Moreover, the above processes mostly use high temperature thermal sterilization. In the patent "Preparation Method of Pure Soybean Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented Beverage" (Application No. 200510038298.6), the domestication of strains and the deployment of products are introduced emphatically, and thermal sterilization is adopted; Functional lactose-free fermented soybean milk and its preparation method" (application number 200510014997.7) emphasizes the health care function of the product made by the selected strains, and the sterilization process is not explained; in the patent "soybean peptide lactic acid bacteria beverage and its preparation method "(Application No. 200710018715.X) adopts enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation step by step, and adopts thermal sterilization, and does not specify the number of viable bacteria in the product after sterilization. At present, there is no technical report on the preparation of functional yogurt using protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymolysis fermentation technology combined with ultrasonic and ultra-high pressure non-thermal treatment.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术,同时采用超声波处理磨浆后的浆渣混合物,增加蛋白的溶出率,以及超高压非热力处理制备酸豆乳的方法。以解决现有技术存在的活性物质损失大,生产周期过长,工业化生产成本较高,产品质量不稳定等问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a method of using protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation technology, simultaneously using ultrasonic treatment to refine the slurry residue mixture, increasing the dissolution rate of protein, and ultra-high pressure non-thermal treatment method for preparing soy bean milk. In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, such as large loss of active substances, long production cycle, high cost of industrialized production, unstable product quality and the like.
本发明采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术,同时采用超声波处理磨浆后的浆渣混合物,增加蛋白的溶出率,以及超高压非热力处理制备酸豆乳。首先,与传统的先酶解后发酵分步处理技术相比,同步法具有以下优点:蛋白酶解产物促进微生物发酵;微生物发酵后的产物又能抑制酶的继续酶解;产品风味协调,无酶解异味;酶解发酵时间缩短,生产成本低。其次,超声波处理未浆渣分离的豆乳,可以显著提高豆乳的蛋白质和可溶性固形物的含量。再者,超高压处理能显著改善并增加产品风味;保持并生产新的功能肽;抑制乳酸菌继续发酵并保持一定的微生物活菌数;延长酸豆奶的保质期,防止酸乳包装后因酸度继续增加而导致的乳清分离,且可使产品在常温下进行贮藏销售。The invention adopts protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation technology, and at the same time, ultrasonic treatment is used to process the pulp residue mixture after pulping to increase the dissolution rate of protein, and ultra-high pressure non-thermal treatment is used to prepare soy bean milk. First of all, compared with the traditional step-by-step treatment technology of enzymatic hydrolysis followed by fermentation, the synchronous method has the following advantages: proteolysis products promote microbial fermentation; products after microbial fermentation can inhibit the continued enzymatic hydrolysis of enzymes; product flavors are coordinated, without enzymes Eliminate peculiar smell; enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation time is shortened, and production cost is low. Secondly, ultrasonic treatment of soymilk that has not been separated from pulp and residue can significantly increase the protein and soluble solid content of soymilk. Furthermore, ultra-high pressure treatment can significantly improve and increase product flavor; maintain and produce new functional peptides; inhibit lactic acid bacteria from continuing to ferment and maintain a certain number of viable microorganisms; prolong the shelf life of yogurt and prevent yogurt from continuing to increase due to acidity after packaging The resulting whey is separated, and the product can be stored and sold at room temperature.
本发明的技术方案如下:Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
制作工艺及技术要点如下:The production process and technical points are as follows:
1、发酵基料的制备:1. Preparation of fermentation base material:
a:称取大豆经挑选清洗后,用干豆重量3倍的0.2%~0.4%的NaHCO3溶液在室温下浸泡6~10小时,具体浸泡时间可随季节不同而有所变化。a: Weigh soybeans, select and wash them, soak them in 0.2%-0.4% NaHCO 3 solution that is three times the weight of dry beans at room temperature for 6-10 hours, and the specific soaking time may vary with the seasons.
b:将浸泡后的大豆清洗去皮、热烫,彻底钝化其中的胰蛋白酶抑制剂、脂肪氧合酶等抗营养因子,再加入干豆重量的5~10倍的水进行磨浆。b: Wash, peel and blanch the soaked soybeans to thoroughly inactivate anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors and lipoxygenase, and then add water 5 to 10 times the weight of dry beans for grinding.
c:调节所得浆液的温度到35~40℃,用超声波在550~600W条件下处理20~30min。c: adjust the temperature of the obtained slurry to 35-40° C., and treat it with ultrasonic waves at 550-600 W for 20-30 minutes.
d:浆液过滤除渣。可用120~160目的滤网或过滤设备过滤。d: The slurry is filtered to remove slag. It can be filtered with a 120-160-mesh filter or filter equipment.
e:,在过滤后的豆乳中加入占豆乳重量4~8%的蔗糖,然后用胶体磨、均质机进行微细化和均质乳化,e: add sucrose accounting for 4-8% of the weight of soymilk to the filtered soymilk, then micronize and homogeneously emulsify with a colloid mill and a homogenizer,
f:均质后,在115~121℃条件下瞬时杀菌3~8秒,冷却备用。f: After homogenization, sterilize instantaneously at 115-121°C for 3-8 seconds, and cool down for later use.
而且,以上所选用的原料豆乳除了是上述磨浆制得的豆乳外,也可为大豆浓缩蛋白、大豆分离蛋白或大豆蛋白粉的复原乳以及上述几种蛋白的混合物。Moreover, besides the soymilk obtained by grinding, the raw soymilk selected above may also be soybean protein concentrate, soybean protein isolate or reconstituted soybean protein powder, or a mixture of the above-mentioned proteins.
2、母发酵剂的制备2. Preparation of mother starter
取适量上述过程f得到的灭菌发酵基料,将其冷却到37~42℃,以无菌操作接入体积计3~6%的保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜热链球菌的单菌种或者他们的混合菌种,然后在37~42℃下培养3~6h,使之充分生长繁殖,即得母发酵剂,该发酵剂作为生产功能性大豆酸乳的菌种;其中所述的混合菌种为保加利亚乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和嗜热链球菌或者保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和嗜热链球菌或者保加利亚乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、嗜酸杆菌和嗜热链球菌或者保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和嗜热链球菌或者保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌或者保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的混合菌种(体积比为2∶1∶1∶3)。Take an appropriate amount of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process f, cool it to 37-42°C, insert 3-6% of the volume of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus helveticus, acidophilus milk by aseptic operation Bacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus thermophilus or their mixed strains, and then cultivated at 37-42°C for 3-6 hours to allow them to fully grow and multiply to obtain the mother starter, which is used as a production Strains of functional soybean yogurt; wherein the mixed strains are Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus thermophilus or Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus thermophilus Cocci or Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilus or Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus thermophilus or Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus helveticus and Thermophilus Streptococcus or mixed strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilus (volume ratio 2:1:1:3).
3、同步酶解和发酵3. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation
将经过上述过程f得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到37~42℃,置于无菌条件下,加入占豆乳重量0.02~0.06%的蛋白酶,同时,加入由上述过程2得到母发酵剂,母发酵剂的加入量通常为豆乳体积计的4~6%;在37~42℃下培养3~6h,直至凝乳,之后置4℃左右后熟4~12小时。即得风味浓郁,富含多肽、类黄酮等多种功能成分的大豆酸乳。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained through the above process f to 37-42°C, place it under sterile conditions, add protease accounting for 0.02-0.06% of the weight of soybean milk, and at the same time, add the mother starter obtained from the above process 2, the mother The amount of starter is usually 4-6% of the volume of soymilk; culture at 37-42°C for 3-6 hours until curdling, and then post-ripen at 4°C for 4-12 hours. Soy yogurt with strong flavor and rich in functional ingredients such as polypeptides and flavonoids is obtained.
4、调配、均质4. Blending and homogenization
在上述发酵成熟的豆乳中,加入发酵豆乳重量5~8%的蔗糖、0.1~0.2%柠檬酸、0.4%的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.2%的藻酸丙二醇酯和0.15%的含单甘脂和蔗糖酯的复合乳化剂(配比以质量计为0.8∶1),也可添加适量的风味物质,如组织较软的水果果肉、果汁、香料等。然后在40~60Mpa压力下进行均质,使所有物料进行充分乳合。In the above-mentioned fermented soymilk, add 5-8% sucrose by weight of fermented soymilk, 0.1-0.2% citric acid, 0.4% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2% propylene glycol alginate and 0.15% monoglycerin-containing It is a compound emulsifier of fat and sucrose ester (the ratio is 0.8:1 by mass), and an appropriate amount of flavor substances can also be added, such as fruit pulp with soft tissue, fruit juice, spices, etc. Then homogenize under the pressure of 40-60Mpa to fully emulsify all materials.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
采取超高压非热力杀菌方式杀菌。将均质后的物料,在10~20℃、100~400Mpa压力下处理5~25min。之后进行无菌灌装即为成品。Adopt ultra-high pressure non-thermal sterilization method to sterilize. The homogenized material is treated at 10-20°C and 100-400Mpa pressure for 5-25min. Afterwards, aseptic filling is the finished product.
本发明具有以下优点和良好使用效果:The present invention has following advantage and good use effect:
本发明采用蛋白酶和乳酸菌同步酶解发酵技术,同时采用超声波处理磨浆后的浆渣混合物,增加蛋白的溶出率以及超高压非热力处理制备酸豆乳。首先,与传统的先酶解后发酵分步处理技术相比,同步法具有以下优点:蛋白酶解产物促进微生物发酵;微生物发酵后的产物又能抑制酶的继续酶解;产品风味协调,无酶解异味;酶解发酵时间可缩短2~4h,生产成本低。其次,超声波处理未浆渣分离的豆乳,可以显著提高豆乳的蛋白质和可溶性固形物的含量。再者,超高压处理能显著改善并增加产品风味;保持并生产新的功能肽;抑制乳酸菌继续发酵并保持一定的微生物活菌数;延长酸豆奶的保质期,防止酸乳包装后因酸度继续增加而导致的乳清分离,且可使产品在常温下进行贮藏销售。The invention adopts protease and lactic acid bacteria synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation technology, and at the same time, ultrasonic treatment is used to process the pulp residue mixture after pulping, so as to increase the dissolution rate of protein and superhigh pressure non-thermal treatment to prepare soy bean milk. First of all, compared with the traditional step-by-step treatment technology of enzymatic hydrolysis followed by fermentation, the synchronous method has the following advantages: proteolysis products promote microbial fermentation; products after microbial fermentation can inhibit the continued enzymatic hydrolysis of enzymes; product flavors are coordinated, without enzymes Deodorization; enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation time can be shortened by 2 to 4 hours, and the production cost is low. Secondly, ultrasonic treatment of soymilk that has not been separated from pulp and residue can significantly increase the protein and soluble solid content of soymilk. Furthermore, ultra-high pressure treatment can significantly improve and increase product flavor; maintain and produce new functional peptides; inhibit lactic acid bacteria from continuing to ferment and maintain a certain number of viable microorganisms; prolong the shelf life of yogurt and prevent yogurt from continuing to increase due to acidity after packaging The resulting whey is separated, and the product can be stored and sold at room temperature.
具体实施方式:Detailed ways:
下面结合实例进一步描述本发明,但所属实例仅用于说明本发明而不是限制本发明。The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples, but all examples are only for illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the present invention.
实例1Example 1
1、发酵基料的制备1. Preparation of fermentation base material
a:大豆经挑选去渣清洗后,用干豆重量3倍的0.25%的NaHCO3溶液在室温下浸泡8h,洗净脱皮,在95℃的水中热烫8min,然后加入干豆重量8倍的水进行磨浆;a: After the soybeans are selected and cleaned, they are soaked in 0.25% NaHCO 3 solution that is 3 times the weight of dry beans at room temperature for 8 hours, washed and peeled, blanched in water at 95°C for 8 minutes, and then added with 8 times the weight of dry beans water for grinding;
b:调节所得浆液的温度到40℃,用超声波在600W的条件下处理25min。再用120目的滤布过滤去渣后即得豆乳。b: adjust the temperature of the obtained slurry to 40° C., and treat it with ultrasonic waves for 25 minutes under the condition of 600 W. Then use a 120-mesh filter cloth to filter and remove the residue to obtain soybean milk.
c:在过滤后的豆乳中加入占豆乳重量5%的蔗糖,然后用胶体磨、均质机进行微细化和乳合均质;c: add sucrose accounting for 5% of the weight of the soymilk to the filtered soymilk, and then use a colloid mill and a homogenizer to refine and emulsify and homogenize;
d:均质后,在118℃条件下瞬时杀菌6秒,冷却备用;d: After homogenization, sterilize instantaneously at 118°C for 6 seconds, and cool down for later use;
2、母发酵剂的制备2. Preparation of mother starter
取适量上述1得到的发酵基料,将其冷却到42℃,以无菌操作接入体积计4%的保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜热链球菌的混合菌种(体积比为2∶1∶1∶3),然后在42℃下培养3.5h,即得母发酵剂。Get appropriate amount of above-mentioned 1 fermented base material that obtains, it is cooled to 42 ℃, inserts the mixed strain ( The volume ratio is 2:1:1:3), and then cultivated at 42°C for 3.5h to obtain the mother starter.
3、同步酶解和发酵。3. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.02%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,之后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.02% of the weight of soy milk by aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
4、调配、均质。4. Blending and homogenization.
在上述发酵成熟的酸豆乳中,加入发酵豆乳重量6%的蔗糖、0.1%的柠檬酸、0.4%的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.2%的藻酸丙二醇酯和0.15%的含单甘脂和蔗糖酯的复合乳化剂(配比为0.8∶1),然后在45Mpa压力下进行均质,使所有物料进行充分乳合。In the above-mentioned fermented soy milk, add fermented soy milk weight 6% sucrose, 0.1% citric acid, 0.4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2% propylene glycol alginate and 0.15% monoglyceride and The compound emulsifier of sucrose ester (proportioning ratio is 0.8: 1), then carry out homogenization under the pressure of 45Mpa, make all materials fully emulsify.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在20℃、100Mpa压力下处理25min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 20°C and 100Mpa pressure for 25min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例2Example 2
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.02%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.02% of the weight of soy milk by aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在10℃、300Mpa压力下处理5min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 10°C and 300Mpa pressure for 5min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例3Example 3
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.04%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.04% of the weight of soy milk by aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在20℃、100Mpa压力下处理25min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 20°C and 100Mpa pressure for 25min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例4Example 4
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.04%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.04% of the weight of soy milk by aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在15℃、200Mpa压力下处理15min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 15°C and 200Mpa pressure for 15min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例5Example 5
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.04%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.04% of the weight of soy milk by aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在10℃、300Mpa压力下处理5min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 10°C and 300Mpa pressure for 5min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例6Example 6
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.06%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.06% of the weight of soybean milk in an aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在20℃、100Mpa压力下处理25min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 20°C and 100Mpa pressure for 25min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
实例7Example 7
1、发酵基料的制备、母发酵剂的制备均同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material, the preparation of mother starter are all the same as example 1.
2、同步酶解和发酵。2. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌发酵基料冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占豆乳重量0.06%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,然后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized fermentation base material obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add protease accounting for 0.06% of the weight of soybean milk in an aseptic operation, and add 4% of the volume of the sterilized fermentation base material obtained by the above process 2. agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
3、调配、均质同实例1。3, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
4、超高压杀菌、灌装。4. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在10℃、300Mpa压力下处理5min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。在表1中列出测量结果。The homogenized material was treated at 10°C and 300Mpa pressure for 5min. Then aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.
对比例comparative example
重复实施例4中描述的步骤,不同点是采用分步酶解和发酵法,即先加入蛋白酶使发酵基料酶解2~4h,然后再接入乳酸菌在42℃下发酵6h。且酸豆乳最后杀菌采用的是92±2℃,加热15min的热力杀菌处理方式,然后测定样品中的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数,在表1中列出测量结果。The steps described in Example 4 were repeated, with the difference that a step-by-step enzymolysis and fermentation method was adopted, that is, protease was first added to enzymolyze the fermentation base material for 2-4 hours, and then lactic acid bacteria were added to ferment at 42° C. for 6 hours. And the final sterilization of sour soy milk is 92 ± 2 ° C, heating 15min heat sterilization treatment, and then measure the polypeptide content and the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the sample, and the measurement results are listed in Table 1.
对实施例1~7及对比例中的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数进行测定。多肽含量采用TCA法,即:取2.5ml样品溶液,加入2.5ml 10%(w/v)的三氯乙酸(TCA)水溶液,充分混合均匀,静置10min,然后在4000r/min下离心15min,将上清液全部转移到50ml容量瓶中,并用5%的TCA溶液定容至刻度,摇匀。然后取6ml上述溶液置于另一试管中,如入双缩脲试剂4ml(样液∶双缩脲试剂=3∶2),充分混合均匀,静置10min,2000r/min下离心10min,取上清液于540nm下测定OD值,对照标准曲线求得样品溶液的多肽浓度C(mg/ml),进而可求得样品中多肽的含量。乳酸菌活菌数测定方法采用国标GB/T 16347-1996法。The polypeptide content and the viable count of lactic acid bacteria in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples were determined. The peptide content adopts the TCA method, that is: take 2.5ml sample solution, add 2.5ml 10% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid (TCA) aqueous solution, mix well, let stand for 10min, and then centrifuge at 4000r/min for 15min, Transfer all the supernatant to a 50ml volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with 5% TCA solution, and shake well. Then take 6ml of the above solution and place it in another test tube, such as adding 4ml of biuret reagent (sample solution: biuret reagent = 3:2), mix well, let stand for 10min, centrifuge at 2000r/min for 10min, take the upper The OD value of the clear liquid was measured at 540nm, and the polypeptide concentration C (mg/ml) of the sample solution was obtained by comparing with the standard curve, and then the content of the polypeptide in the sample could be obtained. The method for determining the number of live lactic acid bacteria adopts the national standard GB/T 16347-1996 method.
表1实施例及对比例中的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数Polypeptide content and lactic acid bacteria viable count in the embodiment of table 1 and comparative example
结果表明:与对比例比,使用本方法所制得的产品中多肽含量及活菌数均有所提高。其中,例4的多肽含量提高了25%,活菌数提高了2个数量级;例1的多肽含量提高了6.25%,活菌数数量级相当。The results show that: compared with the comparison ratio, the polypeptide content and the number of viable bacteria in the product prepared by using the method are all increased. Among them, the polypeptide content of Example 4 is increased by 25%, and the number of viable bacteria is increased by 2 orders of magnitude; the polypeptide content of Example 1 is increased by 6.25%, and the number of viable bacteria is of the same order of magnitude.
实例8Example 8
1、发酵基料的制备1. Preparation of fermentation base material
a:称取一定量的大豆蛋白粉(纯度为95%),用去离子水溶解,配成浓度为6%的大豆蛋白液。a: Take a certain amount of soybean protein powder (purity: 95%), dissolve it with deionized water, and prepare a soybean protein liquid with a concentration of 6%.
b:用120目的滤布将大豆蛋白液进行过滤除渣。b: Use a 120-mesh filter cloth to filter the soybean protein liquid to remove slag.
c:在过滤后的蛋白液中加入5%的蔗糖,然后用胶体磨、均质机进行微细化和均质乳化;c: Add 5% sucrose to the filtered protein solution, then micronize and homogeneously emulsify with a colloid mill and a homogenizer;
d:均质后,在118℃条件下瞬时杀菌6秒,冷却备用;d: After homogenization, sterilize instantaneously at 118°C for 6 seconds, and cool down for later use;
2、母发酵剂的制备2. Preparation of mother starter
取适量经上述1处理得到的蛋白液,将其冷却到42℃,以无菌操作接入体积计4%的保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜热链球菌的混合菌种(体积比为2∶1∶1∶3),然后在42℃下培养3.5h,即得母发酵剂。Take an appropriate amount of the protein solution obtained by the above 1 treatment, cool it to 42°C, insert 4% of the mixed strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus thermophilus in aseptic operation (The volume ratio is 2:1:1:3), and then cultivated at 42°C for 3.5h to obtain the mother starter.
3、同步酶解和发酵。3. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
将上述过程1得到的灭菌蛋白液冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占蛋白液重量0.04%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,之后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized protein solution obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add 0.04% protease by weight of the protein solution in an aseptic operation, and add 4% of the sterilized fermentation base material by volume of the mother fermentation obtained in the above process 2 agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
4、调配、均质。4. Blending and homogenization.
在上述发酵成熟的酸豆乳中,加入发酵豆乳重量6%的蔗糖、0.1%的柠檬酸、0.4%的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.2%的藻酸丙二醇酯和0.15%的含单甘脂和蔗糖酯的复合乳化剂(配比为0.8∶1),然后在45Mpa压力下进行均质。In the above fermented soy milk, add fermented soy milk weight 6% sucrose, 0.1% citric acid, 0.4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2% propylene glycol alginate and 0.15% monoglyceride and The compound emulsifier of sucrose ester (proportioning is 0.8: 1), then carries out homogenization under 45Mpa pressure.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在15℃、200Mpa压力下处理15min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。经测定,其中多肽含量0.091mg/ml,活菌数为6.4×109。The homogenized material was treated at 15°C and 200Mpa pressure for 15min. After that, aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. After determination, the polypeptide content is 0.091 mg/ml, and the number of viable bacteria is 6.4×10 9 .
实例9Example 9
1、发酵基料的制备1. Preparation of fermentation base material
a:称取一定量的含大豆蛋白粉和大豆浓缩蛋白的混合物(两者比例为1∶1),其中二者蛋白纯度均为90%,用去离子水溶解,配成浓度为6.5%的大豆蛋白液。a: Take a certain amount of mixture containing soybean protein powder and soybean protein concentrate (the ratio of the two is 1:1), wherein the protein purity of both is 90%, dissolve with deionized water, and make a concentration of 6.5%. Soy protein liquid.
b:用120目的滤布将大豆蛋白液进行过滤、除渣。b: Use a 120-mesh filter cloth to filter the soybean protein liquid and remove slag.
c:在过滤后的蛋白液中加入5%的蔗糖,然后用胶体磨、均质机进行微细化和均质乳化;c: Add 5% sucrose to the filtered protein solution, then micronize and homogeneously emulsify with a colloid mill and a homogenizer;
d:均质后,在118℃条件下瞬时杀菌6秒,冷却备用;d: After homogenization, sterilize instantaneously at 118°C for 6 seconds, and cool down for later use;
2、母发酵剂的制备同实例8。2, the preparation of mother starter is with example 8.
3、同步酶解和发酵3. Synchronous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation
将上述过程1得到的灭菌蛋白液冷却到42℃,以无菌操作加入占蛋白液重量0.03%的蛋白酶,同时加入占灭菌发酵基料体积计4%的由上述过程2得到的母发酵剂,然后在42℃条件下培养5h,之后置于4℃下后熟12h。Cool the sterilized protein solution obtained in the above process 1 to 42°C, add 0.03% protease by weight of the protein solution in an aseptic operation, and simultaneously add 4% of the sterilized fermentation base material volume obtained by the mother fermented in the above process 2 agent, and then cultured at 42°C for 5h, and then placed at 4°C for 12h.
4、调配、均质同实例8。4, deployment, homogeneous with example 8.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在15℃、200Mpa压力下处理15min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。经测定,其中多肽含量0.087mg/ml,活菌数为5.9×109。The homogenized material was treated at 15°C and 200Mpa pressure for 15min. After that, aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. After determination, the polypeptide content is 0.087mg/ml, and the number of viable bacteria is 5.9×10 9 .
实例10Example 10
1、发酵基料的制备同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material is with example 1.
2、母发酵剂的制备2. Preparation of mother starter
取适量上述1得到的发酵基料,将其冷却到42℃,以无菌操作接入体积计5%的干酪乳杆菌单菌种,然后在42℃下培养3.5h,即得母发酵剂。Take an appropriate amount of the fermentation base material obtained in the above 1, cool it down to 42°C, insert 5% of the volume of Lactobacillus casei single strain by aseptic operation, and then cultivate it at 42°C for 3.5h to obtain the mother starter.
3、同步酶解和发酵同实例1。3. Synchronous enzymolysis and fermentation are the same as example 1.
4、调配、均质同实例1。4, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在10℃、200Mpa压力下处理10min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。经测定,其中多肽含量0.079mg/ml,活菌数为8.5×107。The homogenized material was treated at 10°C and 200Mpa pressure for 10min. After that, aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. After determination, the polypeptide content is 0.079 mg/ml, and the number of viable bacteria is 8.5×10 7 .
实例11Example 11
1、发酵基料的制备同实例1。1, the preparation of fermentation base material is with example 1.
2、母发酵剂的制备2. Preparation of mother starter
取适量上述1得到的发酵基料,将其冷却到42℃,以无菌操作接入体积计5%的瑞士乳杆菌单菌种,然后在42℃下培养3.5h,即得母发酵剂。Take an appropriate amount of the fermentation base material obtained in the above 1, cool it to 42°C, add 5% Lactobacillus helveticus single strain by volume through aseptic operation, and then cultivate it at 42°C for 3.5h to obtain the mother starter.
3、同步酶解和发酵同实例1。3. Synchronous enzymolysis and fermentation are the same as example 1.
4、调配、均质同实例1。4, deployment, homogeneous with example 1.
5、超高压杀菌、灌装。5. Ultra-high pressure sterilization and filling.
将均质后的物料,在10℃、200Mpa压力下处理10min。之后进行无菌灌装即可。然后测定样品的多肽含量和乳酸菌活菌数。经测定,其中多肽含量0.083mg/ml,活菌数为9.2×107。The homogenized material was treated at 10°C and 200Mpa pressure for 10min. After that, aseptic filling can be carried out. Then determine the polypeptide content of the sample and the number of live lactic acid bacteria. After determination, the polypeptide content is 0.083 mg/ml, and the number of viable bacteria is 9.2×10 7 .
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CN106879898A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-23 | 甘肃农业大学 | A method for increasing the content of flavonoids and polyphenols in lactic acid fermented beverages |
CN109349354A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 厦门元之道生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soybean oligopeptide probiotics fermented beverage and preparation method thereof |
CN109349354B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2022-02-18 | 厦门元之道生物科技有限公司 | Soybean oligopeptide probiotic fermented beverage and preparation method thereof |
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