CN101635382A - Heat dissipation method for power lithium battery - Google Patents
Heat dissipation method for power lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101635382A CN101635382A CN200910184584A CN200910184584A CN101635382A CN 101635382 A CN101635382 A CN 101635382A CN 200910184584 A CN200910184584 A CN 200910184584A CN 200910184584 A CN200910184584 A CN 200910184584A CN 101635382 A CN101635382 A CN 101635382A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat dissipation method for a power lithium battery, and belongs to the technical field of temperature control of lithium ion batteries. The method is characterized in that phase change materials are filled in gaps inside the lithium battery, and the phase change materials are one or two of paraffin/(Al/C) composite materials and GMB/graphite composite materials. The weight percentages of the paraffin and the Al/C composite material in the paraffin/(Al/C) composite material are respectively 75-100% and 0-25%, the phase transition point is 15-55 ℃, the weight percentages of the GMB and the graphite in the GMB/graphite composite material are respectively 60-80% and 20-40%, and the phase transition point is 55-65 ℃. The method has the advantages of convenient operation and maintenance, low cost, obvious effect and capability of improving the working performance and reliability of the battery, and is used for radiating the power lithium battery with high power and rapid charge and discharge. Tests show that compared with the existing heat dissipation modes such as air cooling of the battery, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the temperature rise of the battery is reduced by more than 20 ℃, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery, belong to technical field of lithium ion.
Background technology
Electric automobile is a kind of energy-efficient, the advanced vehicles simultaneously free from environmental pollution, and the development that has now become whole world automobile industry is moved towards.Meanwhile, as the power battery pack of the electric automobile heart emphasis of electric automobile research especially.
Power lithium battery (being power-type lithium ion battery or lithium ion battery group) is the ideal source of electric automobile, and the high power of power lithium battery and fast charging and discharging are the trends of the times of electric automobile development.For battery pack, charge-discharge magnification is high more, and its temperature rise is also just fast more, and temperature has double influence to battery: temperature is high more, and the internal resistance of cell is more little, and corresponding battery efficient is also just high more; Meanwhile, high temperature can quicken the various chemical reactions in the system, especially may make battery structure produce the speed of the adverse reaction of permanent damages.Moreover during non-uniform temperature, the battery pole piece that part is under the hot conditions is also impaired easily, causes over-charging of battery easily, has a strong impact on battery (group) performance and useful life thereof.It is fewer and feweri to show as the electric weight that can charge into, and it is also more serious to generate heat.When heat can not get effectively transmitting or distributing, very easily cause the chemical property of battery pack to descend and single generation that only falls behind phenomenon, also can cause security incidents such as the soft drum of battery, on fire, blast when serious.
At present aspect system radiating, the heat that is produced when taking to install device such as fan with system works is mostly discharged.And the trend of internal system air stream is tighter to the requirement of fan mounting means, moreover the power of fan and exhaust air rate thereof etc., all can be subjected to the structural limitations of system and internal module thereof.In addition, through to the prior art literature search, a kind of heat abstractor that adopts thermal-arrest plate, heating panel and pump has been proposed among the CN 101047274A; Proposed a kind of cooling system of using with battery pack among the CN 101027814A, had by dispersing the effect that battery produces heat to battery supply cold-producing medium with constant flow speed.But above scheme is to the battery temperature rise DeGrain that reduces of the temperature rise during large current density particularly, and heat-sinking capability is limited.Simultaneously, complex structure, production cost height, assembling is safeguarded also inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome weak effect, cost height, the inconvenient defective of maintenance that existing power lithium battery system radiating aspect exists, a kind of good heat dissipation effect, low, the convenient operating maintenance of implementation cost are provided, help improving the heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of battery operated Performance And Reliability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: at inside lithium ion cell, phase-change material is filled in the gap that is lithium-ion battery systems or inside modules, described phase-change material is one or both in paraffin/(Al/C) composite material, the GMB/ graphite composite material, and above-mentioned GMB is meant glyceryl monostearate.
Further scheme is: for the battery module of being made up of monomer, between monomer, fill the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), for the battery pack that forms by module combinations (system), between monomer, fill earlier the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), between module, fill the GMB/ graphite composite material again; Described paraffin/(Al/C) component and the percentage composition (weight) of composite material are: paraffin 75%～100%, the compound material 0%～25% of Al/C, transformation temperature is 15 ℃～55 ℃, and wherein the compound material of Al/C is that purity is that 99% Al powder and purity are that 98% graphite powder forms according to 97.3: 2.7 ratio of the mass ratio system of mixing; Described paraffin/(Al/C) manufacture method of composite material is earlier heating paraffin to be melted, add the compound material of Al/C again under the high-speed stirred state, continue to stir 10～30min, paraffin is mainly mixed by linear paraffin, in general, its fusing point and heat of fusion increase with the growth of carbochain; The component of described GMB/ graphite composite material and percentage composition (weight) are: GMB 60%～80%, graphite 20%～40%, and transformation temperature is 55 ℃～65 ℃; The manufacture method of described GMB/ graphite composite material is earlier with the GMB heat fused, adds graphite again under the high-speed stirred state, continues to stir 30～60min.
The present invention adopts the method for filling phase-change material that battery (group) is dispelled the heat, and the transformation temperature of phase-change material is different and different with its component and content.When battery temperature reached phase point temperature, phase-change material underwent phase transition and absorbs heat, thereby made the battery heat radiation with the control temperature rise.At the battery of different capabilities and specification, be calculated as follows the quality that the battery of sening as an envoy to remains on needed PCM (being phase-change material) in the particular job temperature range:
In the formula, Q
Dis (cell)Be battery liberated heat, J; M
(PCM)Be the quality of PCM, kg; C
P, mBe the specific heat capacity of PCM, Jkg
-1K
-1T
Fus, T
0Be respectively melting temperature and the initial temperature thereof of PCM, K; Δ
FusH
mBe the latent heat of phase change of PCM, J/kg.
The used phase-change material manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, to the inner filling of battery module (or system) phase-change material operation, easy to maintenance, does not need heat radiating device special, and production cost is low.Test shows, adopt method of the present invention to compare with the battery radiating mode of existing employing cooling device, can reduce the battery temperature rise reaches more than 20 ℃, and can make battery module (or system) internal temperature trend evenly, the integral heat sink effect is remarkable, can avoid accident largely, improve battery operated reliability.Simultaneously,, can reduce energy consumption, help battery and when ambient temperature is low, keep operate as normal because of the phase-change material store heat.In addition, fill shock resistance and the stability thereof that phase-change material also helps improving module (or system) at inside battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the battery module schematic diagram of filling phase-change material between the monomer;
Fig. 2 reaches the battery pack schematic diagram of all filling phase-change material between the module between the monomer.
Embodiment
Further specify embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Example one:
1, choose 3 3.2V10Ah lithium-ion battery monomers, 3.2V30Ah battery module A is formed in back parallel with one another, makes battery module B with method;
2, taking by weighing mass ratio is 78: 22 positive 27 carbon olefin material and the compound material of Al/C, with the heating paraffin fusing, under the high-speed stirred state of 880rpm, add the compound material of Al/C more earlier, continue to stir 20min, make transformation temperature and be the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), its transformation temperature is 49 ℃;
3, can get battery module A according to experimental test and emulated data and carry out 3C discharge front and back liberated heat Q
Dis (cell), calculate the mass M of composite material of paraffin/(Al/C) according to aforementioned formula (1)
(PCM), and the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C) is filled into gap between the monomer of battery module A by this quality, referring to Fig. 1, wherein 1 is lithium-ion battery monomer, 2 is the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C);
4, battery module A is carried out the 3C discharge, record discharge transient temperature preceding and that discharge when finishing and be respectively 28.7 ℃, 47 ℃, i.e. battery temperature rise is 18.3 ℃ (temperature survey point is at cell cathode ear pole places);
5, battery module B is carried out wind-cooling heat dissipating, record 3C discharge front and back temperature and be respectively 33.2 ℃, 69.0 ℃, i.e. temperature rise is 35.8 ℃;
6, compare two kinds of heat dissipating methods, battery module A reduces by 17.5 ℃ of temperature rises than battery module B as can be known.
In this example, change the mass percent of paraffin in the phase-change material and Al/C into 100: 0, transformation temperature is 55.0 ℃, records that the battery temperature rise is 25.0 ℃ before and after the discharge; If change paraffin in the phase-change material into positive 15 carbon paraffin, constant rate, transformation temperature is 15 ℃, and then this material can be when meeting with low temperature environment makes battery temperature of living in improve about 12.5 ℃ by discharging self stored heat of transformation.
Example two:
According to the statement of example one, different is to change phase-change material into the GMB/ graphite composite material, and wherein the mass ratio of GMB and graphite is 65: 35, transformation temperature is 62.1 ℃, earlier with the GMB heat fused, under the high-speed stirred state of 850rpm, add graphite again during making, continue to stir 45min.Record battery module A in this example and carry out that transient temperature is 30.7 ℃, 57.2 ℃ before and after the 3C discharge, temperature rise is 26.5 ℃, reduces by 9.3 ℃ of temperature rises (35.8-26.5=9.3) than battery module B.
In this example, change the mass percent of GMB in the phase-change material and graphite into 60: 40, transformation temperature is 55 ℃, records that the battery temperature rise is 24.7 ℃ before and after the discharge; Change the mass percent of GMB and graphite into 80: 20, transformation temperature is 65 ℃, and recording the battery temperature rise of discharge front and back is 32 ℃.
Example three:
Choose 24 3.2V10Ah lithium-ion battery monomers, adopt the pattern of " three and eight strings " to constitute the 25.6V30Ah battery pack, the method of reference example one, with the paraffin described in the example one/(Al/C) composite material (mass ratio 83: 17) is filled between the battery cell, GMB/ graphite composite material described in the example two (mass ratio 60: 40) is filled between the battery module, referring to Fig. 2, wherein 1 is monomer, 2 is the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), and 3 is battery module, and 4 is the GMB/ graphite composite material.When battery carries out the 12C heavy-current discharge, when temperature reaches the transformation temperature of the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), this phase-change material absorbs the monomer liberated heat, self undergo phase transition until changing another phase fully into, after phase transition process takes place fully, temperature continues to raise, when reaching the transformation temperature of GMB/ graphite composite material, this phase-change material undergoes phase transition, heat absorption, last phase-change material temperature reduce and and back one phase-change material and battery module between heat transmission is taken place simultaneously, when temperature was reduced to the transformation temperature of last phase-change material, temperature remained unchanged, and made internal temperature of battery reduce but phase-change material continues heat absorption.
In this example, the transformation temperature of two kinds of phase-change materials is respectively 50 ℃, 55 ℃, battery is carried out the 12C discharge, transient temperature is respectively 30.1 ℃, 47.5 ℃ before and after recording discharge, and temperature is respectively 34 ℃, 75.2 ℃ before and after the same battery pack 12C discharge under the wind-cooling heat dissipating condition, more as can be known, adopt the battery pack of phase-change material heat radiation to reduce by 23.8 ℃ than the temperature rise of wind-cooling heat dissipating battery pack.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery, it is characterized in that at inside lithium ion cell gap filling phase-change material, described phase-change material is a kind of in paraffin/(Al/C) composite material, the GMB/ graphite composite material or two kinds, and above-mentioned GMB is meant glyceryl monostearate.
2, by the described heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that the battery that constitutes separately for the module of forming by monomer, between monomer, fill the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), for the battery pack that forms by module combinations, between monomer, fill earlier the composite material of paraffin/(Al/C), between module, fill the GMB/ graphite composite material again.
3, by the described heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that described paraffin/(Al/C) component and the percentage composition (weight) of composite material are: paraffin 75%～100%, Al/C composite material 0%～25%, transformation temperature is 15 ℃～55 ℃, and the mass percent of Al and C is respectively 97.3%, 2.7% in the compound material of Al/C.
4, by the described heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of claim 3, it is characterized in that described paraffin/(Al/C) manufacture method of composite material is earlier heating paraffin to be melted, under the high-speed stirred state, add the compound material of Al/C again, continue to stir 10～30min.
5, by the described heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that the component of described GMB/ graphite composite material and percentage composition (weight) are GMB 60%～80%, graphite 20%～40%, transformation temperature is 55 ℃～65 ℃.
6, by the described heat-dissipating method of power lithium battery of claim 5, the manufacture method that it is characterized in that described GMB/ graphite composite material is earlier with the GMB heat fused, adds graphite again under the high-speed stirred state, continues to stir 30～60min.
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| CN200910184584A CN101635382A (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Heat dissipation method for power lithium battery |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102201603A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | Dr.Ing.h.c.F.保时捷股份公司 | Energy store for a motor vehicle |
| WO2012068732A1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Kenneth Hamilton Norton | A battery pack assembly |
| CN102569933A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Battery system for a motor vehicle having at least one electrochemical cell and at least one latent heat accumulator |
| CN102660234A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆大学 | Phase change material composition for heat energy-mechanical energy conversion |
| CN103311598A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-18 | 南京双登科技发展研究院有限公司 | Power battery heat management method and device |
| CN103647119A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-19 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源股份公司 | Power lithium ion battery unit in self-balancing thermal field and preparation method thereof |
| CN103762378A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 同济大学 | Composite phase-change material filled lithium battery module |
| CN104241730A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-24 | 南京德朔实业有限公司 | Battery pack with heat dissipation system |
| CN106299456A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-04 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of method reducing temperature of lithium ion battery group |
| CN108011069A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 衢州职业技术学院 | The heat management system of power battery and power battery |
| CN109494081A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-19 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of tramcar super capacitor heat management system and method |
| CN113054285A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 安徽师范大学 | Preparation method of lithium battery pack with collision protection and heat dissipation functions |
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2009
- 2009-08-28 CN CN200910184584A patent/CN101635382A/en active Pending
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102201603B (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2015-11-25 | Dr.Ing.h.c.F.保时捷股份公司 | For the accumulator of power actuated vehicle |
| CN102201603A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | Dr.Ing.h.c.F.保时捷股份公司 | Energy store for a motor vehicle |
| GB2497500B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2017-06-14 | Cheevc Ltd | A battery pack assembly |
| WO2012068732A1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Kenneth Hamilton Norton | A battery pack assembly |
| GB2497500A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2013-06-12 | Cheevc Ltd | A battery pack assembly |
| US9252466B2 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2016-02-02 | Cheevc Ltd. | Battery pack assembly |
| CN102569933B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2016-06-08 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For the battery core with at least one electrochemistry of automobile and the battery system of at least one latent heat storage device |
| CN102569933A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Battery system for a motor vehicle having at least one electrochemical cell and at least one latent heat accumulator |
| CN102660234A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆大学 | Phase change material composition for heat energy-mechanical energy conversion |
| CN102660234B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2014-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Phase change material composition for heat energy-mechanical energy conversion |
| CN103311598A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-18 | 南京双登科技发展研究院有限公司 | Power battery heat management method and device |
| CN104241730A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-24 | 南京德朔实业有限公司 | Battery pack with heat dissipation system |
| CN103647119A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-19 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源股份公司 | Power lithium ion battery unit in self-balancing thermal field and preparation method thereof |
| CN103762378B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-05-18 | 同济大学 | The lithium battery module that a kind of combined type phase-change material is filled |
| CN103762378A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 同济大学 | Composite phase-change material filled lithium battery module |
| CN106299456A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-04 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of method reducing temperature of lithium ion battery group |
| CN108011069A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 衢州职业技术学院 | The heat management system of power battery and power battery |
| CN109494081A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-19 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of tramcar super capacitor heat management system and method |
| CN109494081B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2023-09-26 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Super capacitor thermal management system and method for tramcar |
| CN113054285A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 安徽师范大学 | Preparation method of lithium battery pack with collision protection and heat dissipation functions |
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