CN101627674A - Seed sowing machinery for synchronously ditching, ridging and spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a sowing machine for crops, in particular to a sowing machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying, which includes a ditching and ridge forming device, a seeding device, a spraying device and a power device. The ditching and ridge forming device simultaneously opens the water storage ditch and the seeding ditch according to the agronomic requirements, a ridge platform is formed between the two water storage ditch, and the sowing ditch is located on the ridge platform; the sowing device sows the crop seeds in the sowing ditch according to the agronomic requirements; The application device completes the spraying of agricultural materials according to the agronomic requirements; the power device provides power for the ditching and ridge device, the seeding device and the spraying device. The present invention can accurately spray water or liquid mulch film or pesticide or liquid fertilizer and other agricultural materials on designated positions while synchronously ditching and ridged sowing, which is beneficial to improve work efficiency, reduce labor during sowing, and further reduce production costs. Reduce pollution to the environment.

Description

Seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying

technical field

The invention belongs to a sowing machine for crops, in particular to a sowing machine for synchronous ditching, ridging and spraying.

Background technique

Direct direct seeding and transplanting are two basic planting methods for rice production. Rice planting in my country began with direct seeding, and transplanting was gradually adopted until the end of the Han Dynasty. In recent years, with the large transfer of labor force in rural areas, direct-directed rice has developed rapidly. It is estimated that 30% of the rice planting area in my country adopts direct seeding, mainly divided into two methods: artificial sowing and mechanical direct seeding. At present, most of them are artificial sowing. The artificially sown rice seeds are distributed in disorder in the field, and the rice production is uneven. Poor ventilation and lighting, easy to infect diseases and insect pests. Since the rice seeds are directly sown on the mud surface, the root system enters the soil at a shallow depth and is easy to lodging. In addition, when rice growth requires water in the later stage, field flood irrigation must be used, which has a large amount of irrigation water, high evaporation loss, low water use efficiency, and serious waste.

During direct seeding, because the rice seeds are directly sown on a flat, water-free mud surface, and after sowing, dry and wet alternately, various xerophytic and wet weeds grow rapidly. If no control is added, the weeds and rice will Almost synchronous growth and long growth period, causing serious harm to rice production.

In rice production, it is often subject to diseases such as rice bakanae disease, rice blast, rice stripe leaf blight, rice false smut, and insect pests such as rice planthopper, rice stem borer, rice leaf roller, and rice thrips. Prevention and control will lead to a decrease in yield or even no harvest.

In rice production, it is also necessary to apply basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, thick fertilizer and panicle fertilizer according to the requirements of different growth stages of rice, and spray fertilizer outside the roots in combination with disease and pest control in the later stage.

The existing rice mechanical direct seeding technology adopts the drill method, the rice seeds are first sown on the mud surface of the field, and then the special personnel spray water or liquid mulch or herbicides or pesticides or liquid fertilizers and other agricultural materials. The production efficiency is low and labor The strength is high, which has an impact on human health, and it is impossible to simultaneously complete ditching and ridges during sowing and simultaneously spray water or liquid mulch or pesticides or liquid fertilizers and other agricultural materials accurately on designated positions.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying, which can synchronously ditch and ridge during sowing, and simultaneously spray water or liquid mulch or pesticides or liquid fertilizers and other agricultural materials. Precise spraying at the designated location is conducive to improving work efficiency and reducing labor during sowing, thereby reducing production costs and reducing environmental pollution.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

The sowing machinery for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying includes a frame and a ditch and ridge device, a seeding device, a spraying device, and a power device installed on the frame; the ditch and ridge device simultaneously opens water storage ditches and Sowing ditch, and forming a sowing ridge platform between the water storage ditch, the sowing ditch is located on the ridge platform; the sowing device sows the crop seeds in the sowing ditch according to the agronomic requirements; the spraying device completes the spraying of agricultural materials according to the agronomic requirements; The power unit or additional power unit provides power to the ditching and ridging device, seeding device and spraying device.

The ditching and ridging device, the seeding device and the spraying device of the seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying are integrated into one body, and are mounted on the rear of the frame.

The ditching and ridging device is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the frame, and the seeding device and the spraying device are arranged on the ditching and ridging device.

It also includes an additional power device that provides power to the ditching and ridge device, the seeding device and the spraying device.

The sowing device can realize drill sowing or hole sowing or the combined use of drill seeding and hole sowing.

The agricultural materials sprayed by the spraying device include water, liquid mulch, pesticides and fertilizers.

The additional power unit is a diesel engine or a gasoline engine or an electric motor.

The spraying device is provided with a plurality of spray heads, and each spray head corresponds to a sowing ditch opened by the ditching and ridge forming device or corresponds to a ridge platform between two water storage ditch. The spray volume, spray angle, spray atomization status, spray width and spray circle diameter of each spray head in the spraying device are adjusted according to agricultural requirements. The height of the nozzle from the ground is adjustable.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the sowing method of ditches and ridges to open the water storage ditch and the seeding ditch synchronously at the same time of sowing, and the water storage ditch can be used as both an irrigation ditch and a drainage ditch. . Because the rice seeds are sown in the seeding ditch on the ridge platform, it can ensure that the rice root system grows in a relatively dry environment, which is conducive to the development of the root system. At the same time, the water in the storage ditch can provide the moisture needed for rice production. During the rice growth period, it is only necessary to ensure a certain water depth in the storage ditch without irrigated the entire field surface, which can not only reduce the amount of irrigation water, but also reduce the amount of evaporation, thus saving water for rice production.

The seeding ditch on the ridge platform increases the depth of the rice root system into the soil, which solves the problem that the general direct-seeding rice is easy to lodging due to the shallow soil penetration on the mud surface.

The invention can spray water or liquid mulch on the surface of seeds and its surrounding areas, improve the ability of seeds to resist drought and heavy rain, reduce problems such as bird pecking, and improve the emergence rate and uniform seedling rate in the field.

The present invention also accurately sprays agricultural materials such as water or liquid mulch film or pesticide or liquid fertilizer on designated positions while synchronously digging ditches and ridges and sowing, which is beneficial to improve work efficiency, reduce labor during sowing, and reduce the number of times agricultural machinery goes to the ground , reduce the damage to the soil structure of farmland by machine compaction, save the amount of plastic film, pesticides, and chemical fertilizers, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing production costs and reducing environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a working principle diagram of the synchronous ditching and ridge spraying machine of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, 1-soil 2-seed 3-storage ditch 4-sowing ditch 5-nozzle 6-spray object 7-nozzle pipe

Fig. 2 is a front view of the synchronous ditching and ridge spraying machine of the present invention.

In Fig. 2, 8-power unit 9-ejection container 10-additional power unit 11-pump 12-belt pulley 13-belt 14-pipeline 15-seeding device 16-nozzle connecting device 17-nozzle 18-spray head 19-Ditching and ridging device

Fig. 3 is a top view of the synchronous ditching and ridge spraying machine of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying provided by the present invention has its working principle as shown in Figure 1. It can synchronously open a water storage ditch 3 and a seeding ditch 4 in the soil 1, and sow seeds 2 quantitatively according to agronomic requirements. In the sowing ditch, at the same time, the nozzle 5 installed on the spray pipe 7 sprays agricultural materials such as water or liquid mulch or pesticide or liquid fertilizer 6 on the ridge platform between the sowing ditch or the sowing ditch and the water storage ditch.

The structure of the sowing machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying is shown in Figure 2, including a frame and a ditching and ridge device 19, a seeding device 15, a spraying device, and a power device 8 arranged on the frame. The ditching and ridging device simultaneously opens a water storage ditch 3 and a seeding ditch 4 on the soil 1 according to the agronomic requirements, and forms a sowing ridge platform between the two water storage ditch, and the sowing ditch is located on the ridge platform. The sowing device is used to finish sowing the seeds 2 in the sowing ditch 4 according to the agronomic requirements. The ditching and ridge device, the seeding device and the spraying device are integrated in one body, and are mounted on the rear of the frame. The spraying device is composed of a pump 11, a pipeline 14, a nozzle connecting device 16, nozzles 7, 17, and nozzles 5, 18, and is used to complete the spraying of agricultural materials according to agronomic requirements. The ditching and ridging device, the seeding device and the spraying device work together to complete the opening of the seeding ditch, water storage ditch, ridging, sowing and spraying simultaneously.

The ditching and ridging device is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the frame, and the seeding device and the spraying device are arranged on the ditching and ridging device.

It also includes an additional power device that provides power to the ditching and ridge device, the seeding device and the spraying device.

The distance between the ridges formed by the ditching and ridge-riding device, that is, the distance between the centerlines of two adjacent ridges, and the position of the seeding ditch on each ridge can be adjusted according to agronomic requirements.

The sowing device 15 can be used in combination with drill sowing or hole sowing or drill and hole sowing.

The power of ditching and ridging device 19, seeding device 15 and spraying device can be provided by the mechanical power output by farmland operation power device 8, or by additional power device 10, and this power device 8 and additional power device 10 can be diesel engine or gasoline engine or electric motors. The auxiliary power unit 10 is connected to the seeding and spraying devices through a pump 11 , a pulley 12 , a belt 13 and a pipeline 14 .

Spraying 6 includes providing water required for seed germination, mulching film for covering and fixing seeds and increasing ground temperature, herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers.

This spraying device is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 5,18, a plurality of nozzle nozzles 5,18 are communicated with the nozzle pipe 7 and the nozzle pipe connecting device 16 is fixed on the chassis, and each nozzle nozzle 5,18 corresponds to A sowing ditch 4 provided by ditching and ridge-riding device can be accurately sprayed into the sowing ditch 4 li by the ejection 6 sprayed by shower nozzles 5,18. The spray 6 is stored in the spray container 9 .

The spray volume, spray angle, spray atomization status, spray width and spray circle diameter of each nozzle in the spraying device can be adjusted according to agricultural requirements. The height of the nozzle from the ground is adjustable.

This planter can accurately spray water or liquid mulch film or pesticide or liquid fertilizer and other agricultural materials on the designated position while simultaneously ditching and ridged sowing, which is conducive to improving work efficiency, reducing labor during sowing, and reducing agricultural machinery going to the ground. The number of times, reduce the damage to the soil structure of the farmland by machine compaction, save the amount of plastic film, pesticides, and chemical fertilizers, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing production costs and reducing environmental pollution.

Because the rice seeds are sown in the seeding ditch on the ridge platform, it can ensure that the rice root system grows in a relatively dry environment, which is conducive to the development of the root system. At the same time, the water in the storage ditch can provide the moisture needed for rice production. During the rice growth period, it is only necessary to ensure a certain water depth in the storage ditch without irrigated the entire field surface, which can reduce the amount of irrigation and evaporation, thus saving water for rice production. The seeding ditch on the ridge platform increases the depth of the rice root system into the soil, which solves the problem that the general direct-seeding rice is easy to lodging due to the shallow soil penetration on the mud surface.

The rice planted by the sowing machine of the invention has good growth and high yield. A large number of direct seeding production experiments under different stubbles (early rice, middle rice, late rice), different varieties (conventional rice, hybrid rice, super rice) and different soil conditions have been carried out. Due to the well-developed root system and tillering at low nodes, the high-quality rice has good growth and high yield, and the yield increase rate reaches more than 10%.

Claims (10)

1. A seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying, characterized in that: it includes a frame and a ditching and ridge device, a seeding device, a spraying device, and a power device arranged on the frame; The ditching and ridge forming device simultaneously opens the water storage ditch and the seeding ditch according to the agronomic requirements, a ridge platform is formed between the two water storage ditch, and the seeding ditch is located on the ridge platform; The sowing device sows the crop seeds in the sowing ditch according to the agronomic requirements; The spraying device completes the spraying of agricultural materials according to the agronomic requirements; The power unit provides power to the ditching and ridging device, the seeding device and the spraying device. 2. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ditching and ridge device, the seeding device and the spraying device are integrated into one body, and are hooked to the rear of the frame. 3. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ditching and ridge device is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the frame, and the sowing device and spraying device are arranged on the ditching device. on the ridging device. 4. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 1, further comprising an additional power device for providing power to the ditching and ridge forming device, the seeding device and the spraying device. 5. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that: the power unit and the additional power unit are diesel engines or gasoline engines or electric motors. 6. The sowing machine for synchronous ditching, ridge and spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sowing device can realize drill sowing or hole sowing or a combination of drill and hole sowing. 7. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that the agricultural materials sprayed by the spraying device include water, liquid plastic film, pesticides, and fertilizers. 8. The sowing machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spraying device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle corresponds to a sowing machine produced by the ditching and ridge forming device. Ditch or corresponding to the ridge platform between the seeding ditch and the water storage ditch. 9. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 8, characterized in that: the spray volume, spray angle, spray atomization status, spray width and spray circle diameter of each spray head in the spray device Can be adjusted according to agronomic requirements. 10. The seeding machine for synchronous ditching and ridge spraying according to claim 9, characterized in that the height of the spray head from the ground is adjustable.

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