Switching power circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switching power circuit.
Background technology
Switching power circuit has characteristics such as loss is little, conversion efficiency is high, linear change is little, working stability, therefore is widely used in display device and other consumption electronic products such as LCD TV, cathode-ray tube TV.
Seeing also Fig. 1, is a kind of sketch map of prior art switching power circuit.This switching circuit 10 comprises one first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11, a transformer 12, one second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 13 and an ON-OFF control circuit 14.
This first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11 comprises a full bridge rectifier 111, a filter capacitor 112, two inputs 113,114 and outputs 115.These two inputs 113,114 are used for receiving external communication voltage.It is direct voltage that this full bridge rectifier 111 is used for the external communication voltage transitions.One end ground connection of this filter capacitor 112, the other end is connected to this output 115.
This transformer 12 comprises an elementary winding 121 and a level winding 123.This elementary winding 121 comprises a end and b end, and its a end is connected to the output 115 of this first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11, and the b end is through these ON-OFF control circuit 14 ground connection.This secondary winding 123 comprises c end and d end.
This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 13 comprises an energy storage inductor 131, a storage capacitor 132, one first rectifier diode 133, one second rectifier diode 134 and a direct current voltage output end 135.One end of this energy storage inductor 131 is connected to the negative electrode of this first rectifier diode 133, and the other end is connected to this dc voltage output end 135.These storage capacitor 132 1 end ground connection, the other end is connected to this dc voltage output end 135.The anode of this first rectifier diode 133 is connected to the c end of this secondary winding 123, and negative electrode is connected to an end of this energy storage inductor 131.The anode of this second rectifier diode 134 is connected to the d end of this secondary winding 123, and negative electrode is connected to an end of this energy storage inductor 131.The d end ground connection of this secondary winding 123.
This ON-OFF control circuit 14 comprises a PWM chip 141, a transistor 142 and a resistance 143.This PWM chip 141 comprises a control end 144, and this control end 144 is used for a pulse signal is offered the grid of this transistor 142.This transistor 142 is N channel enhancement mos field effect transistor, and its grid is connected to the control end 144 of this PWM chip 141, and source electrode is through these resistance 143 ground connection, and drain electrode is connected to the b end of this elementary winding 121.
The operation principle of this switching power circuit 10 is following:
External communication voltage is input to two inputs 113,114 of this first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 11, through converting a direct current voltage into after these first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, 11 rectifications, the filtering, and offers the elementary winding 121 of this transformer 12.Control end 144 output pulse signals of this PWM chip 141 are with the conducting of controlling this transistor 142 or end, thereby control the operating state of this transformer 12.
When these transistor 142 conductings; 12 elementary windings 121 of this filter capacitor 112, this transformer, this transistor 142 constitute a loop with this resistance 143; This first elementary winding 121 has conducting electric current I 1 to flow through, and produces the induced electromotive force that an a terminal voltage is higher than the b terminal voltage, and this secondary winding 123 produces the induced electromotive force that a c terminal voltage is higher than the d terminal voltage; Thereby make this first rectifier diode, 133 conductings, this second rectifier diode 134 is ended.This secondary winding 123, this first rectifier diode 133, this energy storage inductor 131 constitute a loop with this storage capacitor 132, and this energy storage inductor 131 has electric current I 2 to flow through.This energy storage inductor 131 and these storage capacitor 132 beginning energy storage, these secondary winding 123 output dc voltages.
When this transistor 142 by conducting become by the time; The electric current I 1 of this first elementary winding 121 diminishes through loss gradually, because the characteristic of inductance itself, the electromotive force of this first elementary winding 121 is reverse; Change the b terminal voltage into and be higher than a terminal voltage; Make this first secondary winding 123 produce a d terminal voltage and be higher than the induced electromotive force of c terminal voltage, thereby this first rectifier diode 133 is ended, make this second rectifier diode, 134 conductings.This energy storage inductor 131 provides voltage through this second rectifier diode 134 and this storage capacitor 132 for this dc voltage output end 135, and this storage capacitor 132 provides voltage for this dc voltage output end 135.
This switching power circuit 10 is to adopt this first rectifier diode 133 and this second rectifier diode 134 to realize rectification.But the conducting internal resistance of this first rectifier diode 133 and this second rectifier diode 134 is bigger, causes conduction loss bigger, thereby influences the efficient of this switching power circuit 10, can not satisfy present high efficiency demand to this switching power circuit 10.
Summary of the invention
Influence the problem of the efficient of switching power circuit for the conduction loss that solves the rectifier diode in the prior art switching power circuit is big, be necessary the switching power circuit that provides a kind of efficient higher.
A kind of switching power circuit, it comprises one first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, one first transformer, an ON-OFF control circuit and one second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a first transistor, a transistor seconds and a control circuit.External communication voltage converts direct voltage into and offers this first transformer after through this first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit rectification, filtering; This first transformer arrives this second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit through the control output AC voltage of this ON-OFF control circuit; This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is controlled the conducting of this first transistor and this transistor seconds through this control circuit and is ended, thereby the alternating voltage of this first transformer output is carried out rectification.This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit further comprises a direct current voltage output end, an energy storage inductor; This control circuit comprises one first sampling end, one second sampling end, one the 3rd sampling end, one first control output end and one second control output end; This first transformer comprises one first secondary winding; This first secondary winding comprises one first end and one second end; This first end is connected to this dc voltage output end through first sampling end and second sampling end of this energy storage inductor, this control circuit in regular turn; Also in regular turn through source electrode, the grounded drain of this first transistor, through drain electrode, the source ground of this transistor seconds, the 3rd sampling end is connected to this dc voltage output end to this second end to this first end in regular turn; This first control output end is connected to the grid of this transistor seconds, and this second control output end is connected to the grid of this first transistor.This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit further comprises one the 3rd transistor; The 3rd transistorized grid is connected to first sampling end of this control circuit, and second sampling end of this control circuit is connected to the 3rd sampling end of this control circuit through the 3rd transistorized collector electrode, emitter.
A kind of switching power circuit, it comprises one first transformer and a current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.This current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises a first transistor, a transistor seconds and a control circuit.The conducting that this control circuit is used for controlling this first transistor and this transistor seconds with end, thereby the alternating voltage that this first transformer offers this current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is carried out rectification.This current rectifying and wave filtering circuit further comprises a direct current voltage output end, an energy storage inductor; This control circuit comprises one first sampling end, one second sampling end, one the 3rd sampling end, one first control output end and one second control output end; This first transformer comprises one first secondary winding; This first secondary winding comprises one first end and one second end; This first end is connected to this dc voltage output end through first sampling end and second sampling end of this energy storage inductor, this control circuit in regular turn; Also in regular turn through source electrode, the grounded drain of this first transistor, through drain electrode, the source ground of this transistor seconds, the 3rd sampling end is connected to this dc voltage output end to this second end to this first end in regular turn; This first control output end is connected to the grid of this transistor seconds, and this second control output end is connected to the grid of this first transistor.This current rectifying and wave filtering circuit further comprises one the 3rd transistor; The 3rd transistorized grid is connected to first sampling end of this control circuit, and second sampling end of this control circuit is connected to the 3rd sampling end of this control circuit through the 3rd transistorized collector electrode, emitter.
Compared to prior art, this switching power circuit is to adopt the conducting of this first transistor of control and this transistor seconds and close the realization rectification.The conducting internal resistance of this first transistor and this transistor seconds is less, makes conduction loss less, and is less to the influence of the efficient of this switching power circuit, thereby the efficient of this switching power circuit is higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of sketch map of prior art switching power circuit.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of switching power circuit one preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment
Seeing also Fig. 2, is the sketch map of switching power circuit one preferred embodiments of the present invention.This switching power circuit 20 comprises one first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 21, one first transformer 22, one second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 23 and an ON-OFF control circuit 24.
This first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 21 comprises a full bridge rectifier 211, one first filter capacitor 212, two inputs 213,214 and outputs 215.These two inputs 213,214 are used for accepting external communication voltage.It is direct voltage that this full bridge rectifier 211 is used for the external communication voltage transitions.One end ground connection of this first filter capacitor 212, the other end is connected to this output 215.
This first transformer 22 comprises one first elementary winding 221 and one first secondary winding 223.This first elementary winding 221 comprises a end and b end, and its a end is connected to the output 215 of this first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 21, and the b end is through these ON-OFF control circuit 24 ground connection.This first secondary winding 223 comprises c end and d end.
This second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 23 comprises an energy storage inductor 231, a first transistor 232, one first protective resistance 233, a transistor seconds 234, one second protective resistance 235, a control circuit 26, one the 3rd protective resistance 236, one the 3rd transistor 237, a storage capacitor 238, one the 4th protective resistance 239 and a direct current voltage output end 29.This energy storage inductor 231 comprises one first end 2311 and one second end 2313, and this first end 2311 is connected to the c end of this first secondary winding 223, and this second end 2313 is connected to this control circuit 26.The c end of this first secondary winding 223 is connected to this dc voltage output end 29 through this energy storage inductor 231, this control circuit 26, the collector electrode of the 3rd transistor 237, emitter in regular turn, also passes through source electrode, the grounded drain of this first transistor 232.The d end of this first secondary winding 223 is through drain electrode, the source ground of this transistor seconds 234.This storage capacitor 238 and the 4th protective resistance 239 are connected in parallel between this dc voltage output end 29 and the ground.
This first transistor 232 all is a N channel enhancement mos field effect transistor with this transistor seconds 234.The 3rd transistor 237 is npn type bipolar transistors, and its base stage is connected to second end 2313 of this energy storage inductor 231 through the 3rd protective resistance 236.
This control circuit 26 comprises one second transformer 261, one first resistance 262, one second filter capacitor 263, one second resistance 264, one the 4th transistor 265 and one the 5th transistor 266.This second transformer 261 comprises one second an elementary winding 267 and a second subprime winding 268.This second elementary winding 267 comprises e end and f end, and its e end is connected to second end 2313 of this energy storage inductor 231, and the f end is connected to the collector electrode of the 3rd transistor 237.This second subprime winding 268 comprises g end and h end, and its g end is connected to this first resistance 262, and the h end is connected to the emitter of the 3rd transistor 237.This second resistance 264 and this second filter capacitor 263 are connected in parallel between this g end and this h end.
The 4th transistor 265 is positive-negative-positive bipolar transistors; Its base stage is connected to the g end of this second subprime winding 268 through this first resistance 262; Emitter is connected to the h end of this second subprime winding 268, and collector electrode is connected to the grid of this transistor seconds 234 through this second protective resistance.The 5th transistor 266 is npn type bipolar transistors; Its base stage is connected to the g end of this second subprime winding 268 through this first resistance 262; Emitter is connected to the grid of this first transistor 232 through this first protective resistance 233, and collector electrode is connected to the h end of this second subprime winding 268.
This control circuit 26 comprises one first sampling end (not indicating), one second sampling end (not indicating), one the 3rd sampling end (not indicating), one first control output end (not indicating) and one second control output end (not indicating).The e end of this second elementary winding 267 is first sampling ends of this control circuit 26.The f end of this second elementary winding 267 is second sampling ends of this control circuit 26.The h end of this second subprime winding 268 is the 3rd sampling ends of this control circuit 26.The collector electrode of the 4th transistor 265 is first control output ends of this control circuit 26.The emitter of the 5th transistor 266 is second control output ends of this control circuit 26.
This ON-OFF control circuit 24 comprises a PWM chip 241, one the 6th transistor 242 and one the 3rd resistance 243.This PWM chip 241 comprises a control end 244, and this control end 244 is used for a pulse signal is offered the grid of the 6th transistor 242.The 6th transistor 242 is N channel enhancement mos field effect transistor; Its grid is connected to the control end 244 of this PWM chip 241; Source electrode is through the 3rd resistance 243 ground connection, and drain electrode is connected to the b end of this first elementary winding 221.
The turn ratio of the primary and secondary winding 267,268 of this second transformer 261 can be 1: 100.The resistance of this first resistance 262 can be 1000 ohm.The resistance of this second resistance 264 can be 1000 ohm.The resistance of the 4th protective resistance 239 can be 10 ohm.The appearance value of this second filter capacitor 263 can be 1 nano farad.
The operation principle of this switching power circuit 20 is following:
External communication voltage is input to two inputs 213,214 of this first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 21, through converting a direct current voltage into after these first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, 21 rectifications, the filtering, and offers the first elementary winding 221 of this first transformer 22.Control end 244 output pulse signals of this PWM chip 241 are with the conducting of controlling the 6th transistor 242 or end, thereby control the operating state of this first transformer 22.
When 242 conductings of the 6th transistor; The first elementary winding 221 of this first filter capacitor 212, this first transformer 22, the 6th transistor 242 constitute a loop with the 3rd resistance 243; This first elementary winding 221 has conducting electric current I 1 to flow through; Produce the induced electromotive force that an a terminal voltage is higher than the b terminal voltage, this first secondary winding 223 produces the induced electromotive force that a c terminal voltage is higher than the d terminal voltage, makes 237 conductings of the 3rd transistor.This first secondary winding 223, this energy storage inductor 231, this second elementary winding 267, the 3rd transistor 237, this storage capacitor 238 constitute a loop with this transistor seconds 234; This energy storage inductor 231 has electric current I 2 to flow through, and this second elementary winding 267 has electric current I 3 to flow through.This energy storage inductor 231 and these storage capacitor 238 beginning energy storage; This second elementary winding 267 produces the electromotive force that an e terminal voltage is higher than the f terminal voltage; Thereby the h terminal voltage of this second subprime winding 268 is higher than the induced electromotive force of g terminal voltage; 265 conductings of the 4th transistor, the 5th transistor 266 ends, and the voltage of the c of this first secondary winding 223 end outputs to the grid of this transistor seconds 234 through this energy storage inductor 231, this second elementary winding 267, the collector and emitter of the 3rd transistor 237, the emitter and collector of the 4th transistor 265 in regular turn; Make this transistor seconds 234 conductings, these first secondary winding, 223 output AC voltages.
When the 6th transistor 242 by conducting become by the time, the electric current I 1 that flows through this first elementary winding 221 diminishes through loss gradually.Because the characteristic of inductance itself, the electromotive force of this first elementary winding 221 is reverse, changes the b terminal voltage into and is higher than a terminal voltage, makes this first secondary winding 223 produce the induced electromotive force that a d terminal voltage is higher than the c terminal voltage.This moment is because the 3rd transistor 237 still is in conducting state with this transistor seconds 234; This first secondary winding 223, this energy storage inductor 231, this second elementary winding 267, the 3rd transistor 237, this storage capacitor 238 constitute a loop with this transistor seconds 234; The electric current I 2 that flows through this energy storage inductor 231 diminishes gradually, and the electric current I 3 that flows through this second elementary winding 267 diminishes gradually.Because the characteristic of inductance itself; The electromotive force of this second elementary winding 267 is reverse; Change the f terminal voltage into and be higher than the e terminal voltage, so this second subprime winding 268 produces the induced electromotive force that a g terminal voltage is higher than the h end, the 4th transistor 265 is ended; Make 266 conductings of the 5th transistor, thereby this transistor seconds 234 is ended.When the electric current I that flows through this energy storage inductor 231 2 is reduced to zero and begins reverse flow; The 3rd transistor 237 ends; The voltage of this storage capacitor 238 outputs to the grid of this first transistor 232 through collector electrode, the emitter of the 5th transistor 266; Make this first transistor 232 conductings, thereby this energy storage inductor 231 provides voltage through this first transistor 232 and the 6th resistance 239 for this dc voltage output end 29, this storage capacitor 238 provides voltage for this dc voltage output end 29.
Compared to prior art, this switching power circuit 20 is to adopt the open and close of this first transistor 232 of control and this transistor seconds 234 to realize rectification.The conducting internal resistance of this first transistor 232 and this transistor seconds 234 is less, makes conduction loss less, and is less to the influence of the efficient of this switching power circuit 20, thereby the efficient of this switching power circuit 20 is higher.
Switching power circuit 20 of the present invention also can other numerous variations of tool design; As: the 3rd transistor 237 and the 4th transistor 265 of preferred embodiments also can be n channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and the 5th transistor 266 also can be the P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.The PWM chip 241 of preferred embodiments also can by one can produce pulse signal pulse-generating circuit replace, this pulse-generating circuit is connected to the grid of the 6th transistor 242.