CN101537398A - An artificial simulated rainfall device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial rainfall simulation device, which comprises: a water supply bracket and a rainfall bracket, a Malchnitz flask water supply box is arranged on the water supply bracket, an exhaust pipe is arranged above the Malchnitz flask water supply box, a pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the Malchnitz flask water supply box, a vent pipe is arranged above the Malchnitz flask water supply box, the bottom of the vent pipe is located on the rainfall intensity-water level calibration line, the pressure sensor is connected to a host computer for real-time measurement and recording rainfall intensity outside the Malchnitz flask water supply box through a communication line in the vent pipe; water inlet pipes and water outlet pipes are arranged on both sides of the Malchnitz flask water supply box, wherein the water inlet pipe is used to supply water to the Malchnitz flask water supply box, and the water outlet pipe is used to supply water to a rainmaker, and the rainmaker is arranged on the rainmaker bracket through a connector. The invention can adapt to a wide range of slopes, can adjust the rainfall height, can adjust the size of the rainfall cell area, and can simulate natural rainfall more realistically.

Description

An artificial simulated rainfall device

technical field

The patent of the present invention relates to a rainfall device, especially an artificial simulated rainfall device, which can be used on slopes, adopts the principle of a Martens bottle, can ensure the uniformity of rain intensity with high precision, and can record rain intensity in real time.

Background technique

Soil erosion, nutrient change, soil water change, soil permeability, etc. are the important contents of soil and water conservation research, experiment and monitoring in my country. At present, the observation of the above indicators is mainly the impact of runoff, sediment, nutrients and Conduct observations of pollutants, etc., and then scientifically analyze the observation data to explore the internal laws behind the surface natural phenomena.

However, purely relying on natural rainfall to collect the required scientific research data has great limitations. Experience shows that it generally takes 15 to 25 years to obtain representative rainfall samples and draw clear conclusions when conducting research on runoff plots purely using natural rainfall. The temporal and spatial randomness of natural rainfall varies drastically, and in most cases it cannot meet the experimental requirements. For example, in arid and semi-arid areas, the number of rainfalls in a year is not much, and among these rainfalls, the rainfall that can generate runoff is Therefore, it is not very effective to rely solely on natural rainfall to obtain scientific research data.

However, based on the laboratory scale and using the method of artificially simulated rainfall to study the above content, it has the advantages of economy, convenience, controllability and repeatability, and has become an important technical means in this field. Since the 1920s, it has been used worldwide. widely used within. The use of artificial simulated rainfall devices can control the experimental process, shorten the experimental period, and obtain more experimental data. The use of artificial simulated rainfall devices for indoor and field experiments has become an important means of soil and water conservation research. The method of artificially simulating rainfall can accelerate soil erosion, rainfall runoff and infiltration tests, avoid the influence of natural factors, quickly obtain the data required for the test within a predetermined time, and successfully complete the planned test. So far, the artificial rainfall simulation devices studied cannot be mass-produced, nor can they truly simulate natural rainfall conditions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial rainfall simulation device on the basis of referring to artificial rainfall simulation devices at home and abroad. The device can be used on slopes and can record rainfall intensity in real time. It is convenient and reliable to use and low in cost.

In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:

An artificial rainfall simulation device, characterized in that the device comprises: a water supply bracket and a rainfall bracket, the water supply bracket is provided with a Martens bottle water supply tank, and an exhaust pipe is arranged above the Martens bottle water supply tank. A water level pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the Martens bottle water supply tank, and a vent pipe is provided above the Marlson bottle water supply tank. The bottom of the vent pipe is located on the "rain intensity-water level calibration line". Record the changing water level of the Martens bottle in real time through the serial port connection, and obtain the real-time rain intensity through conversion; there are water inlet pipes and outlet pipes on both sides of the Martens bottle water supply tank, and the water inlet pipe is used for the water supply tank of the Marsh bottle. The water supply and outlet pipelines are used to supply water to the rainer, and the rainer is arranged on the rainer bracket through the connecting piece.

The artificial rainfall simulation device of the present invention can adapt to a wide range of slopes, can adjust the rainfall height, can adjust the size of the rainfall area, and can more realistically simulate natural rainfall.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rainfall device, where (a) is the front view, (b) is the A-A sectional view of (a), (c) is the partial enlarged view of C in (b), and (d) is the B of (a) Partial enlarged view;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Martens bottle water supply tank; wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a C-C sectional view of (a), and (c) is a partial view of (a) toward D;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the rainfall device on the rainfall support. (a) is the front view (partial), (b) is the top view of (a), and (c) is the partial enlarged view of A in (a).

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Detailed ways

1. Structural design:

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the artificial simulated rainfall device of the present invention comprises a water supply support 1 and a rainfall device support 11, and the water supply support 1 is provided with a Marsh bottle water supply tank 5, and its principle adopts the Marsh bottle principle in physics, it It is possible to supply water to the rainfall device 12 under the condition that the water level of the rainfall device 12 is basically constant, so that the consistency of the high level of rain intensity is guaranteed. A water level pressure sensor 3 (Shaanxi Xi'an Ansen Intelligent Instrument Co., Ltd.: ACS-L digital liquid level sensor), there is a ventilation pipe above the water supply tank of the Martens bottle, and the bottom of the ventilation pipe is located on the "rain intensity-water level calibration line", and there is a ventilation pipe above the water supply tank 5 of the Martens bottle. The bottom of the trachea 6 and the vent pipe 6 are located on the "rain intensity-water level calibration line" 7, and the ACS-L sensor 3 passes through the communication line 9 (RS485) in the vent pipe 6 and the real-time measurement and recording of the outside of the Martens bottle water supply tank 5 The host computer 14 of the strong rain is connected; the top of the Martens bottle water supply tank 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 8, and the two sides of the Marlson bottle water supply tank 5 are provided with a water inlet pipeline 4 and an outlet pipeline 10, wherein the water inlet pipeline 4 is used for Water is supplied to the Martens bottle water supply tank 5 , and the outlet pipeline 10 is used to supply water to the rain device 12 , which is arranged on the rain device bracket 11 through the connecting piece 13 .

The above-mentioned "rain intensity-water level calibration line" 7 is the target rain intensity calibrated and converted by the water level in the rain device 12, and is used to ensure the stability of the water level in the rain device 12, thereby obtaining a rain intensity with higher uniformity. . Through the label on the inner wall of the rainer 12, water can be supplied to the rainer 12 according to the intensity of the rain, which facilitates the test.

A height trimmer 2 is arranged between the water supply bracket 1 and the Marsh bottle water supply tank 5 . The height trimmer 2 is used to finely adjust the height of the Martens jar water supply tank 5 to ensure that the bottom end of the ventilation pipe 6 is consistent with the higher level of the "rain intensity-water level calibration line" 7 in the rain device 12, ensuring that the water level in the rain device 12 The water level is the target water level and the target rain intensity is obtained.

The rain shower 12 is provided with a vibrator 22 and a leveling device 25 arranged crosswise. The vibrator 22 is used to generate micro-vibrations to the rainfall device, more realistically simulating natural rainfall. The leveling device 25 is used to level the rainfall device 12 to ensure the consistency of the rainfall height. The leveling device 25 is made up of two strip-shaped leveling bubbles, which are respectively installed on two adjacent frames of the rainfall device 12. Each strip-shaped leveling bubble can determine a horizontal straight line, and the two leveling bubbles The two intersecting horizontal straight lines determined by the device form a horizontal plane, so that it can be determined that the rain device 12 is on a horizontal plane, so as to ensure that the rainfall height in the community is consistent.

The connecting piece 13 is provided with a hemispherical connection device composed of a base 31 and a pole 32 to ensure reliable connection between the rain device 12 and the rain device bracket 11 .

Transparent water level scale 26 (Fig. 3C) is arranged on the outer body of the martensitic bottle water supply tank.

Rainfall support 11 also has windproof curtain 15 around. The windproof curtain 15 is set at the field test, and the natural wind in the field has a greater impact on the test, and the purpose of the windproof curtain 15 is to reduce the influence of the wind on the test and prevent raindrops from blowing. Windproof curtain 15 adopts soft material, roll-up curtain type, when there is no wind test at ordinary times, roll up; If the impact of wind exceeds the allowable range, then put down the windproof curtain, reduce test unfavorable factors.

Rainfall device 12 is arranged with a plurality of raindrop generators 21, and described raindrop generator 21 is made up of needle head 23 and rubber stopper 24, and needle head 23 selects 6 ^# , 7 ^# or 8 ^# veterinary needle head, and the needle head of different models can obtain Raindrops of different sizes can make the size of raindrops closer to the natural scene.

The water supply support 1 and the rain device support 11 are respectively composed of four cylindrical telescopic steel pipes, and their height can be adjusted in a wide range, which enables the rain device to adapt to a wider range of slopes. The water supply bracket 1 is used for adjusting the height of the Marsh bottle water supply tank 5, so as to adapt to terrains of different slopes.

The upper computer 14 for real-time recording of rain intensity can have multiple choices (such as single-chip microcomputer, PC machine). In this design, a PC machine capable of recording and processing test data is selected to record the data measured by the ACS-L sensor 3 and post-process it.

2. Working principle:

Why the artificial simulated rainfall device of the present invention can more realistically simulate the rainfall under natural conditions lies in the following main aspects: the one is that the raindrop generator 21 on the rainfall device 12 can adjust the flow rate of raindrops by changing needles of different models. The second is that the rain intensity of different sizes can be obtained by adjusting the height of the Martens bottle water supply tank; the third is that the vibrator 22 set on the rain device 12 can generate small vibrations, making the raindrops more real and close to natural rainfall; the fourth is that the system adopts The Martens bottle water supply tank can ensure that the water level in the rainfall device remains basically constant throughout the rainfall process and obtain a relatively stable rain intensity; finally, through the ACS-L sensor 3 and the host computer 14 for real-time observation and recording of rain intensity Communicate, record and save data for later processing.

3. How to use the device:

1. Preliminary installation of an artificial simulated rainfall device according to the slope of the test plot, combined with two intersecting leveling devices 25 on the rainfall device 12 to level the rainfall device;

2. Combine the "rain intensity-basic water level line" calibrated by different rain intensities in the rainfall device to add water to the rainfall device, adjust the height of the water supply through the height trimmer of the Martens bottle water supply tank, and ensure that the bottom end of the ventilation pipe 6 is in line with the middle of the rainfall device 12 The height of the "rain intensity-water level calibration line" is basically the same;

3. Temporarily close the valve on the outlet pipeline 10 of the Martens bottle water supply tank, open the exhaust valve 8, add water to the Martens bottle water supply tank to the upper limit water level through the water inlet pipeline 4 of the Martens bottle water supply tank, and then close the exhaust valve 8 and the water inlet pipeline 4, initialize the recording software of the host computer 14; open the valve of the water outlet pipeline 10 to start simulating artificial rainfall.

The artificial rainfall simulation device of the present invention is an assembled device, which is relatively light, easy to assemble, disassemble and transport; the device is easy to use and easy to maintain; the cost is relatively low, and it saves water compared with the previous simulated rainfall device; ACS-L sensor 3 Can perceive the real-time changing water level of the water supply tank 5, and the communication line 9 (RS485) communicates with the host computer 14 for data communication, and uploads the real-time data recorded by the ACS-L sensor 3 to the host computer 14 for post-processing. The water level is observed and recorded in real time, and the real-time rain intensity can be obtained through conversion, so the real-time rain intensity can be controlled and adjusted; the windproof curtain is installed to reduce the influence of the natural wind in the field on the experiment; it can adapt to a wide range of slopes and can adjust the rainfall The height can adjust the size of the rainfall area within a certain range, which can more realistically simulate natural rainfall.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of artificially-simulated rainfall device, it is characterized in that, this device comprises a water supply support (1) and a rain controller support (11), described water supply support (1) is provided with Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5), the bottom of Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5) is provided with pressure sensor (3), Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5) top is provided with breather pipe (6), the height of " raininess-water level stake alignment " (7) in the bottom of breather pipe (6) and the rain controller (12) is consistent, and pressure sensor (3) is by the real-time monitored outside with Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5) of the connection (9) in the breather pipe (6), host computer (14) data communication of record raininess; Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5) top is provided with blast pipe (8), Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5) both sides are provided with inlet pipeline (4) and outlet pipeline (10), wherein, inlet pipeline (4) is used for supplying water to Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5), outlet pipeline (10) is used for supplying water to rain controller (12), and rain controller (12) is arranged on the described rain controller support (11) by connector (13).

2, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with height micro actuator (2) between described water supply support (1) and the Ma Shi bottle supply tank (5).

3, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described rain controller (12) is provided with vibrator (22).

4, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the hemispherical jockey of being made up of base (31) and pole (32) on the described connector (13).

5, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described rain controller (12) is gone up the additional apparatus for leveling (25) that intersection is arranged.

6, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described rain controller support (11) also has anti-air curtain (15) all around.

7, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is arranged with a plurality of raindrop generators (21) on the described rain controller (12), and described raindrop generator (21) is made up of syringe needle (23) and rubber stopper (24).

8, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described syringe needle (23) selects 6 ^#, 7 ^#Or 8 ^#Syringe needle for animals.

9, artificially-simulated rainfall device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described water supply support (1) and rain controller support (11) all can be regulated.

10, the artificially-simulated rainfall device shown in claim 1 is characterized in that, described " raininess-water level stake alignment " (7) are used to guarantee the stable of rain controller (12) middle water level, thereby obtain the higher raininess of uniformity.

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