CN101526113A - Automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cone-disk type self-adaptive automatic clutch, which includes a transmission shaft and a box body, the transmission shaft and the box body rotate in cooperation, and also includes a variable-speed spring cone-disk type self-adaptive clutch arranged on the transmission shaft. The output power of the motor and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best matching state, realizing the balanced control of the driving torque and the comprehensive driving resistance of the vehicle; without cutting off the driving force, the clutch and gear shifting are automatically performed adaptively with the change of the driving resistance, which is beneficial to the vehicle And the mechanical power equipment is highly efficient and energy-saving, and can be used in mountainous areas, hills and under heavy load conditions; the transmission of the invention is light in weight, compact in structure and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

Cone-disc Adaptive Automatic Clutch

technical field

The invention relates to a clutch of a motor vehicle or mechanical power equipment, in particular to a cone-disc type self-adaptive automatic clutch.

Background technique

The clutch is the main component of the motor vehicle. If there is no clutch, all moving parts will generate a large moment of inertia, which will cause a load exceeding its carrying capacity on the drive train and cause damage to the machine parts. Clutches can eliminate this hazard by relying on possible relative motion between the driving and driven parts of the clutch. In the prior art, the clutches usually used in motor vehicles are usually friction plate clutches and ordinary overrunning clutches. The operator can independently disengage or engage the clutch according to the driving conditions of the motor vehicle, and the operation is relatively simple. However, this clutch is driven by friction, so the energy loss is large, and the number of revolutions is lost. Moreover, the driver operates according to experience, and adopts a shifting action after separation. There will be obvious frustration, which will make the locomotive run unstable and reduce safety. Although the ordinary overrunning clutch has almost no loss of energy when the transmission is engaged, it cannot be clutched according to the needs, and it cannot be clutched according to the relationship between the motion resistance and the driving force. Moreover, this clutch has a complex structure and high cost. Many existing patents have carried out many improvements to the above two clutches, but none of the above shortcomings has been substantially eliminated.

Therefore, there is a need for a clutch that can adapt to automatic clutching without cutting off the driving force according to the running conditions of the locomotive, so that the motor vehicle runs smoothly, improves safety and stability, and has a compact and simple structure and low cost.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a cone-disc type adaptive automatic clutch, which can detect the driving torque-speed and driving resistance-vehicle speed signals according to the driving resistance, so that the output power of the power equipment and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best match state, to realize the balanced control of vehicle driving torque and comprehensive driving resistance; it can adapt to the change of driving resistance and automatically change the clutch speed without cutting off the driving force, which can meet the conditions of mountainous, hilly and heavy loads, and the speed change is stable. At the same time, the transmission of the present invention is small in size, light in weight and compact in structure, and is suitable for installation at the wheel hub.

The conical-disk type self-adaptive automatic clutch of the present invention comprises a transmission shaft and a casing, the transmission shaft and the casing rotate in cooperation, and also includes a variable-speed spring conical-disk type adaptive clutch arranged on the transmission shaft;

The speed change spring cone-disk adaptive clutch includes an inner cone clutch ring gear, an outer cone drive sleeve, a transmission shaft and a speed change spring;

The transmission shaft is a camshaft with at least one helical cam groove evenly distributed on the outer circumference, and the unfolding direction of the helical cam groove is opposite to the rotation direction of the camshaft viewed from left to right; The number of radial through holes is the same as that of the helical cam groove, and the transmission sleeve of the outer conical surface fits on the outer circumference of the camshaft, and the column pin is inserted into the helical cam groove of the camshaft through the radial through hole; The outer circumference of the drive sleeve, the inner cone surface of the inner cone clutch ring gear and the outer cone surface of the outer cone drive sleeve are closely fitted under the action of the speed change spring;

The power is transmitted to the inner cone clutch ring gear through the power transmission device; the outer cone drive sleeve is radially fixedly matched with other gear transmission devices.

Further, the power transmission device includes a transmission sleeve and a gear, and the transmission sleeve rotates and cooperates with the outer circumference of the camshaft, the gear and the transmission sleeve are relatively fixedly matched, and the end surface on one side of the transmission sleeve is radially fixedly matched with the inner tapered clutch ring gear ;

Further, the variable speed spring is a disc spring set;

Further, the butterfly spring group is located in the cavity formed between the transmission sleeve and the camshaft, the right end surface is close to the left end surface of the outer tapered transmission sleeve, and the left end surface is close to the positioning nut screwed on the camshaft;

Further, the spiral cam grooves are six uniformly distributed on the circumference of the camshaft, and the cross section is rectangular;

Further, between the gear and the transmission sleeve, between the outer tapered surface transmission sleeve and other gear transmission devices are engaged by splines;

Further, the drive sleeve and the inner tapered clutch ring gear are respectively provided with pin holes opposite to each other, and the two are connected by radial drive pins;

Further, the left end of the drive sleeve is rotatively matched with the camshaft through the first radial bearing, and the right end is rotatably matched with the outer circumference of the outer tapered drive sleeve through the second radial bearing; the camshaft is rotatably matched with the camshaft through the third radial bearing. The end face of the box fits.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the cone-disk type self-adaptive automatic clutch of the present invention can detect the driving torque-rotational speed and the driving resistance-vehicle speed signal according to the driving resistance, so that the output power of the power plant and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best matching state, realizing The balance control of vehicle driving torque and comprehensive driving resistance; it can adapt to the change of driving resistance and automatically perform clutch shift and speed change without cutting off the driving force, which is not only conducive to the high efficiency and energy saving of vehicles and mechanical power equipment, but also can control vehicles to reduce emissions , greatly improving the power, economy, driving safety and comfort of the vehicle; adopting the cone-disk adaptive two-speed automatic transmission, the structure is simple and compact, the volume is small, and the manufacturing cost is saved; Self-adaptive and automatic gear shifting with changes in driving resistance can meet the conditions of mountainous areas, hills and heavy loads, so that the power plant load changes smoothly, the motor vehicle runs smoothly, and improves safety; the transmission of the present invention is small in size, light in weight, The structure is compact, suitable for installation at the wheel hub, and is more suitable for the small and light characteristics of electric bicycles.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A direction of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of camshaft of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along B-B direction of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the outer tapered drive sleeve of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner tapered clutch ring gear of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the axial section structure of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the transmission shaft 1 of this embodiment rotates counterclockwise when viewed from left to right during operation.

The cone-disk adaptive automatic clutch includes a transmission shaft 1 and a casing 16, and the transmission shaft 1 and the casing 16 rotate in cooperation, and also includes a variable-speed spring cone-disk adaptive clutch arranged on the transmission shaft 1;

The variable speed spring cone-disk adaptive clutch includes an inner conical clutch ring gear 11, an outer conical drive sleeve 13, a transmission shaft 1 and a variable speed spring 5; the transmission shaft 1 rotates with the end face 2 of the box body 16 through the third radial bearing 3 Cooperate; Speed change spring 5 is a butterfly spring group.

The transmission shaft 1 is a camshaft with six helical cam grooves 1a with a rectangular cross-section uniformly distributed on the outer circumference. The direction of expansion of the helical cam grooves 1a is opposite to the rotation direction of the camshaft 1 when viewed from left to right, that is, clockwise. Direction: Outer cone drive sleeve 13 is uniformly processed with six radial through holes 13a on the circumference of the spiral cam groove 1a. The hole 13a is inserted into the spiral cam groove 1a of the camshaft 1; the inner cone clutch ring gear 11 is set on the outer circumference of the outer cone drive sleeve 13, and the inner cone surface of the inner cone clutch ring gear 11 and the outer cone of the outer cone drive sleeve 13 The surface is closely fitted under the action of the butterfly spring group 5;

The power is transmitted to the inner conical clutch ring gear 11 through the power transmission device 8; the outer conical surface transmission sleeve 13 is radially fixedly matched with other gear transmission devices 12 through spline engagement.

The power transmission device 8 includes a transmission sleeve 7 and a gear 6. The left end of the transmission sleeve 7 is in rotation with the camshaft 1 through the first radial bearing 4, and the right end and the outer circumference of the outer tapered transmission sleeve 13 are rotated through the second radial bearing 9. Cooperate; the gear 6 and the transmission sleeve 7 are relatively fixedly matched through spline meshing, and the right end of the transmission sleeve 7 and the left end of the inner cone clutch ring gear 11 are respectively provided with opposite pin holes, and the radial transmission pin 10 is passed between the two. connected to achieve the purpose of radial fixed fit; the power is transmitted through the gear 6.

The butterfly spring group 5 is located in the cavity formed between the transmission sleeve 7 and the camshaft 1, the right end surface is close to the left end surface of the outer cone surface transmission sleeve 13, and the left end surface is close to the positioning nut 15 that is screwed on the camshaft 1.

The power transmission route of the present embodiment:

Power equipment→gear 6→transmission sleeve 7→inner cone clutch ring gear 11→outer cone transmission sleeve 13→column pin 14→camshaft 1→output.

Resistance transfer route of the present invention:

Resistance → camshaft 1 → helical cam groove 1a → column pin 14 → outer cone drive sleeve 13 → inner cone clutch ring gear 11 → drive sleeve 7 → gear 6 → power equipment.

Simultaneously, the resistance also passes through the following routes: resistance→camshaft 1→helical cam groove 1a→pin 14→outer cone drive sleeve 13→compression butterfly spring group 5.

When the transmission is in operation, the butterfly spring group 5 makes the outer conical drive sleeve 13 move linearly to the right along the axial direction of the camshaft 1, and the outer conical drive sleeve 13 and the inner conical clutch ring gear 11 are in close contact, and the vehicle runs normally .

When the motor vehicle is started, the resistance is greater than the driving force, and the resistance forces the camshaft 1 to rotate opposite to the direction of travel, and the spiral cam groove 1a forces the pin 14 to move to the left, driving the outer cone drive sleeve 13 to move to the left, and the outer cone drive sleeve 13 Separated from the inner cone clutch ring gear 11, synchronously, the power is transmitted by the inner cone clutch ring gear 11, and other gears are engaged for transmission.

If the resistance is large or when starting, the low-speed gear starting is automatically realized, the starting time is shortened, and the starting force is reduced. At the same time, the resistance compresses the butterfly spring group 5 through the outer cone drive sleeve 13, absorbs the energy of the movement resistance moment, and stores potential energy for restoring the normal driving gear transmission power.

When the driving resistance is reduced, when the component force is reduced to less than the pressure in the automatic transmission mechanism of the variable speed butterfly spring set 5, the pressure of the butterfly spring set 5 is quickly released due to the compression of the movement resistance, and the outer cone transmission is completed. The sleeve 13 and the inner cone clutch ring gear 11 are restored to the state of tight fit, and the vehicle is normally operated.

During the driving process, the principle of automatic shifting with the change of motion resistance is the same as above, and the clutch shifting is realized without cutting the driving force, so that the whole locomotive runs smoothly, safely and with low consumption.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A direction of Fig. 1, as shown in the figure: six spiral cam grooves 1a with a rectangular cross section are uniformly processed on the outer circumference of the camshaft 1, and six spiral cam grooves 1a with a rectangular cross section are uniformly processed on the outer circumference of the outer tapered transmission sleeve 13. A radial through hole 13a, the outer tapered surface transmission sleeve 13 fits loosely on the outer circumference of the camshaft 1, and the pin 14 is inserted into the spiral cam groove 1a of the camshaft 1 through the radial through hole 13a; the transmission sleeve 7 is set on the driven drive The outer circumference of the sleeve 13 is rotationally matched with the seventh radial bearing 9 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the camshaft of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the B-B direction of Fig. 3, as shown in the figure: the transmission shaft 1 is a camshaft with six rectangular helical cam grooves 1a uniformly processed on the outer circumference , The development direction of the helical cam groove 1a is opposite to the rotation direction of the camshaft 1 when viewed from left to right, and is developed in a clockwise direction.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer cone drive sleeve of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the circumference of the outer cone drive sleeve 13 is uniformly processed with six radial through holes 13a, the cone surface is located on the outer circle of the right end, and the right end is processed to be used for contact with The spline that the inner ring 12 of the slow gear overrunning clutch engages.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cone clutch ring gear of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the outer circumference of the inner cone clutch ring gear 11 is processed with a ring gear, and the left end is provided with a pin hole for fixed connection with the transmission sleeve 7 .

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch comprises transmission shaft (1) and casing (16), and described transmission shaft (1) is rotatably assorted with casing (16), it is characterized in that: also comprise the speed change spring cone disk type adaptive clutch that is arranged on the transmission shaft (1);

Speed change spring cone disk type adaptive clutch comprises inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11), male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13), transmission shaft (1) and speed change spring (5);

Described transmission shaft (1) is the uniform camshaft that is processed with at least one spiral prominence race (1a) on the excircle, and it is opposite with camshaft (1) sense of rotation that the expansion direction of spiral prominence race (1a) is seen from left to right; Uniformly on male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) circumference be processed with the radial direction through hole (13a) identical with spiral prominence race (1a) quantity, male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) Spielpassung is enclosed within camshaft (1) excircle, and pin (14) inserts the spiral prominence race (1a) of camshaft (1) by radial direction through hole (13a); Inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11) is enclosed within male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) excircle, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11) and male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) fits tightly under speed change spring (5) effect;

Power reaches inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11) by power transmitting deice (8); Male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) and other gear transmission device (12) be secure fit radially.

2. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power transmitting deice (8) comprises drive sleeve (7) and gear (6), described drive sleeve (7) is enclosed within camshaft (1) excircle and is rotatably assorted with it, gear (6) cooperates with drive sleeve (7) relative fixed, and drive sleeve (7) one side end faces and inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11) be secure fit radially.

3. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described speed change spring (5) is a butterfly spring group.

4. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: butterfly spring group (5) is positioned at the cavity that forms between drive sleeve (7) and the camshaft (1), the right side is near male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) left side, and the left side is near on the setscrew nut (15) that is spun on the camshaft (1).

5. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described spiral prominence race (1a) be six uniform on the circumference of camshaft (1), cross section is a rectangle.

6. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 5 is characterized in that: between described gear (6) and the drive sleeve (7), all pass through spline engagement between male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) and other gear transmission device (12).

7. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described drive sleeve (7) is respectively arranged with the relative column pin hole in position with inner conical surface clutch gear ring (11), and passing through radially between the two, transmission pin (10) connects.

8. automatic cone disk type adaptive clutch according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described drive sleeve (7) left end is rotatably assorted by first radial bearing (4) and camshaft (1), is rotatably assorted by second radial bearing (9) between right-hand member and male cone (strobilus masculinus) drive sleeve (13) excircle; Described camshaft (1) cooperates with the end face (2) of casing (16) by the 3rd radial bearing (3).

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