CN101524696B - Novel technique for hyacinth resource utilization - Google Patents
Novel technique for hyacinth resource utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524696B CN101524696B CN2009100293660A CN200910029366A CN101524696B CN 101524696 B CN101524696 B CN 101524696B CN 2009100293660 A CN2009100293660 A CN 2009100293660A CN 200910029366 A CN200910029366 A CN 200910029366A CN 101524696 B CN101524696 B CN 101524696B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水葫芦资源化新工艺，该工艺包括：分离收集的水葫芦的根和茎，并分别将根、茎粉碎至浓浆状；分别将浓浆状物质进行压滤，得到茎滤渣、根滤渣和根茎压滤液；将根茎压滤液进入人工湿地系统处理后排放；将茎滤渣中加入厌氧发酵接种物后进行厌氧发酵产沼气，其中厌氧反应器TS负荷为2.0～6.0％；将根滤渣用秸秆调节含水率至55～70％、C/N调至25～35后，进行好氧堆肥。本发明将水葫芦根茎分离后分别压滤，对压滤后的茎和渣分别采用厌氧发酵和好氧堆肥的方式进行资源化，不但提高了水葫芦的产气性能(产气量提高了45.99％)，厌氧反应器的处理能力可成倍提高，同时可获得高品质的堆肥产品，具有很好的经济效益和环境效益。
The invention discloses a new water hyacinth recycling process. The process comprises: separating and collecting roots and stems of water hyacinth, and crushing the roots and stems into thick pulp respectively; pressing and filtering the thick pulp respectively to obtain Stem filter residue, root filter residue and rhizome press filtrate; put the rhizome press filtrate into the constructed wetland system for treatment and then discharge; add anaerobic fermentation inoculum to the stem filter residue and perform anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, wherein the TS load of the anaerobic reactor is 2.0~ 6.0%; use straw to adjust the water content of the root filter residue to 55-70%, and adjust the C/N to 25-35, then perform aerobic composting. In the present invention, the rhizomes of water hyacinth are separated and respectively press-filtered, and the stems and slag after the press-filtering are resourced by anaerobic fermentation and aerobic composting respectively, which not only improves the gas production performance of water hyacinth (gas production is increased by 45.99%) %), the processing capacity of the anaerobic reactor can be doubled, and high-quality compost products can be obtained at the same time, which has good economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to regenerative resource development and use and field of environment protection, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing press filtration to handle raising hyacinth resource utilization utilization rate.
Background technology
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Solm.), the formal name used at school Eichhornia crassipes, Pontederiaceae is commonly called as cloth bag lotus, water lotus, false narcissus, states such as original producton location Brazil, Argentina and Peru.Water hyacinth happiness high temperature is moistening, and is surprising 25～35 ℃ of following speeds of growth, just can increase to 600,000 from 10 usually in 8 months, is one of the fastest plant of the growth of generally acknowledging.Import China as feed into from South Asia the thirties in 20th century, for very big contribution has been made in the development of China's aquaculture.Along with China's rapid economic development mixed fodder replaces water hyacinth gradually, cause the utilization rate of water hyacinth to reduce greatly and escape to wild.Simultaneously, the quick breeding that water pollutes increasingly sharpens to water hyacinth provides prescribing adequate nutrition.At present, 19 provinces and cities of south China all exist serious water hyacinth to spread unchecked problem.Because the invasion of water hyacinth has changed the various physicochemical properties of local water body, has influenced local bio-diversity, the living mosquitos and flies of evil.Because the river course has been stopped up in the overgrowing of water hyacinth, caused very big influence, water hyacinth to be listed in one of the world's ten big evil grass for shipping, generating, irrigation etc.
Because the quick growth of water hyacinth has brought a series of problem, but water hyacinth is a kind of water plant after all, a kind of especially potential biomass resource, how rational and effective is utilized this resource is that researcher is had a liking for problem to be solved.At present, the hyacinth resource utilization utilization is mainly comprised following several respects: the exploitation of feed, fertilizer, water body reparation, food, medicine resource, extraction utility (protein, glutathione, the anti-oxidant body of recovery), producing methane through anaerobic fermentation etc.Wherein, compost is 3 kinds of maximum modes of present water hyacinth through engineering approaches utilization after water hyacinth fodderization, direct anaerobic fermentation and the press filtration.At present, because the water body environment more complicated of water hyacinth growth, water hyacinth fodderization is fewer and feweri; The direct anaerobic fermentation of water hyacinth exists unit mass dry gas production low, simultaneously water hyacinth has reduced the disposal ability of anaerobic reactor up to about 95% moisture content, in addition, because the composition difference at each position of water hyacinth, its anaerobic gas generation differs greatly, and then has reduced the economy of this technology; With aerobic compost after the water hyacinth press filtration technically without any problem, but since the economy of aerobic compost far below producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, and the water hyacinth stem aerobic compost that will be rich in easy decomposing organic matter does not have advantage on economy.How to improve the disposal ability of anaerobic reactor and the anaerobic organism conversion ratio of water hyacinth, the economic benefit that finally improves hyacinth resource utilization is that present water hyacinth through engineering approaches is utilized urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
Problem such as the objective of the invention is that the anaerobic reactor disposal ability that exists at present water hyacinth anaerobic fermentation is low, the water hyacinth biological transformation ratio is low and the anaerobic digestion workload is big, provide a kind of not only method simple, and easy and simple to handle, in the method that guarantees to improve under the prerequisite that the anaerobic reactor disposal ability significantly improves the biological transformation ratio of water hyacinth.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of novel technique for hyacinth resource utilization is made of the processing of water hyacinth preliminary treatment, filtrate and processing three parts of filter residue, and its step is as follows:
(1) root of the water hyacinth of separated and collected and stem, and respectively root, stem are crushed to the underflow shape;
(2) respectively underflow shape material is carried out press filtration, obtain stem filter residue, root filter residue and rhizome pressing filtering liquid;
(3) with the discharging after artificial wet land system is handled of rhizome pressing filtering liquid;
(4) carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation after adding the anaerobic fermentation inoculum in the stem filter residue, wherein anaerobic reactor TS load is 2.0～6.0% (mass ratioes), and reaction temperature is 25～55 ℃;
(5) the root filter residue is regulated moisture content to 55～70% (mass ratio), C/N and is transferred to 25～35 with stalk after, carry out aerobic compost.
A kind of novel technique for hyacinth resource utilization of the present invention, detailed step is as follows:
(1) water hyacinth of collecting is carried out rhizome with machinery or manual type and separate, with separating obtained, stem pulverizing, root after the pulverizing and stem are the underflow shape respectively;
(2) step (1) gained underflow shape material is carried out press filtration, can get the pressing filtering liquid (be stem filter residue, root filter residue, and the rhizome pressing filtering liquid that merges stem pressing filtering liquid and root pressing filtering liquid) of the filter residue of stem and root and stem, root;
(3) with the pressing filtering liquid (rhizome pressing filtering liquid) of step (2) gained stem and root through the sedimentation basin post precipitation, handle the back discharging with artificial wet land system;
(4) will carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation behind step (2) the gained stem filter residue inoculation anaerobic sludge, anaerobic reactor TS load is 2.0～6.0%, and reaction temperature is 25～55 ℃.(this stage needs 20～30 days usually) takes out the fermentate in the reactor after treating the aerogenesis peak, carries out the next round fermentation;
(5) step (2) gained root filter residue is regulated the laggard oxygen compost of acting charitably of moisture content to 55～70%, regularly ventilate or artificial turning; The processing cycle of aerobic compost is (to need 25～35 days usually) about 30 days.
The raw material of compost is the filter residue after the root press filtration, and the raw material of anaerobic fermentation is the filter residue after the stem press filtration.
The rhizome pressing filtering liquid carries out precipitation process through sedimentation basin earlier before entering artificial wet land system.The water inlet of artificial swamp is the water outlet of rhizome pressing filtering liquid through post precipitation, has avoided the obstruction of the particle in the filtrate to artificial swamp, has also reduced the processing load of artificial swamp.The present invention specifically adopts which kind of precipitation treatment method and no requirement (NR) for sedimentation basin, as long as can reduce the particle in the pressing filtering liquid.
The anaerobic fermentation inoculum is wherein one or more such as the anaerobically digested sludge of sewage treatment plant, old methane-generating pit mud, corrupt river silt, fresh cow dung, and the inoculum consumption is 5%～30% of fermentate (stem filter residue) dry weight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, technology is simple, and is workable.
2, guaranteeing significantly to improve the anaerobic organism conversion ratio of water hyacinth under the prerequisite that water hyacinth anaerobic fermentation reactor disposal ability significantly improves, the gas production of unit mass water hyacinth has significantly improved 45.99%.
3, water hyacinth root and stem are separately handled, improved the volume yield rate of anaerobic reactor on the one hand, reduced the workload of Anaerobic Treatment on the other hand, better realized thought because of thing usefulness.
4, the present invention has realized the peak use rate of water hyacinth different parts, is utilized accordingly by the characteristic of different material, has both realized the complementation of anaerobic fermentation, aerobic compost and 3 kinds of technology of artificial swamp, has improved the economy of hyacinth resource utilization again greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the daily gas discharge curve of root, root slag and root pressing filtering liquid.
Fig. 3 is the daily gas discharge curve of stem, stem slag and stem pressing filtering liquid.
Fig. 4 is the daily gas discharge curve of whole strain, whole strain slag and whole strain pressing filtering liquid.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below by embodiment.
Embodiment:
To be crushed to the underflow shape after the water hyacinth rhizome separation of collecting, press filtration, the whole strain of water hyacinth, root and the stem (promptly whole strain filter residue, root filter residue and stem filter residue) got after equivalent (in the dry) press filtration are respectively charged in the anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (anaerobically digested sludge or old methane-generating pit mud) inoculates, mix, the addition of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermentate dry weight, adds water and regulate the TS load to 2～6% in reactor.Simultaneously, carry out anaerobic fermentation after getting the pressing filtering liquid inoculation of water hyacinth whole strain, root and stem of equivalent, reactor volume is 1000mL.The sealing installation for fermenting, the gas outlet of installation for fermenting is connected with caisson by appendix, and reaction temperature is controlled at 25～55 ℃, by agitating device fermentate is stirred in the sweat, can produce biogas in the 24h.The change curve of daily output tolerance is seen Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in the sweat.Through 20～30 days fermentation, gas production obviously descended, and the same day, gas production was lower than 30% o'clock of average daily output tolerance, and reaction can finish, and carried out new round fermentation.
In this example, outside digging up the roots, the filter residue of water hyacinth stem and whole strain all has anaerobic gas generation ability preferably, and the per dry matter gas production is respectively 330.83mL/g TS and 271.93mL/g TS.It is little to the influence of total gas production that the water hyacinth rhizome is separated the back anaerobic fermentation, after root, the stem press filtration respectively the total gas production of anaerobic fermentation than the whole strain press filtration of water hyacinth after directly anaerobic fermentation tolerance only improved 7.57%, but the rhizome separating treatment has been reduced the workload of Anaerobic Digestion, improved the disposal ability and the gas deliverability of anaerobic reactor.
The gas deliverability of each position pressing filtering liquid of water hyacinth is all lower, and the cumulative gas production that the 200mL water hyacinth is put in order strain, stem and root pressing filtering liquid is respectively 96.5,367 and 87mL.The COD content of water hyacinth pressing filtering liquid is lower (to be generally 200～400mgL
-1), the economic worth of pressing filtering liquid anaerobic fermentation gas production is lower, so carry out earlier adopting artificial wet land system to handle the back discharging after the precipitation process, the water outlet after the processing can reach the surface water secondary discharge standard.
The anaerobic digestion performance of water hyacinth root is relatively poor, and the content of organic matter of root is 68.62%, volatile solid content is 80.76%, total nitrogen content is 2.18%, C/N is 18.26, moisture content is 87.16%, adopts stalk (straw, wheat straw and cornstalk etc.) to regulate moisture content to 55～70%, regulates the laggard oxygen compost of acting charitably in C/N to 25～35, regularly carries out force ventilation or artificial turning.After the aerobic compost of 30d was handled, the content of organic matter of composting production was 48.65～59.13%, and total nitrogen content is 2.26～2.45%, P
2O
5Content is 1.35～1.54%, K
2O content is 3.56～3.82%.It is a kind of high-quality fertilizer.
Control experiment:
The water hyacinth rhizome of collecting is separated the back pulverize, in the anaerobic reactor of packing into then, add inoculum (anaerobically digested sludge or old methane-generating pit mud) and inoculate, mix, the addition of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermentate dry weight.Add water in compound, making the system TS load of reactor is 2～6%.The sealing installation for fermenting, the gas outlet of installation for fermenting is connected with caisson by appendix, and reaction temperature is controlled at 25～55 ℃, by agitating device fermentate is stirred in the sweat, can produce biogas in the 24h, after the aerogenesis peak, gas production obviously descends, and reaction can finish.The results are shown in Figure 2,3 and 4.
In this example, fermentation time is 33 days, and the cumulative gas production of whole strain, stem and root is respectively 3257,4017 and 954.5mL, and stem has maximum gas deliverability, the per dry matter gas production of stem reaches 191.29mL/g TS, and the per dry matter gas production of root only is 45.45mL/g TS.It is little to the influence of total gas production that the water hyacinth rhizome is separated the back anaerobic fermentation, and root, the stem total gas production of anaerobic fermentation have respectively only improved 8.77% than the direct anaerobic fermentation tolerance of the whole strain of water hyacinth.
The experiment of contrast control group is carried out the anaerobic gas generation property that anaerobic fermentation can obviously improve water hyacinth with the water hyacinth after the press filtration, and after press filtration was handled, the per dry matter gas production that water hyacinth is put in order strain, stem and root had improved 75.33,72.95 and 92.04% respectively.Simultaneously, because the moisture content (the TS content of water hyacinth has improved 1 times before and after the press filtration) that greatly reduces filter residue is handled in press filtration, can significantly improve the organic loading of reactor when carrying out anaerobic fermentation with it.The rhizome separating treatment of water hyacinth is not only reduced the treating capacity of anaerobic digestion, improved the gas deliverability of anaerobic reactor, can obtain high-quality composting production simultaneously, had bigger economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Claims (7)
1. a hyacinth resource utilization technology is characterized in that this technology comprises the steps:
(1) root of the water hyacinth of separated and collected and stem, and respectively root, stem are crushed to the underflow shape;
(2) respectively underflow shape material is carried out press filtration, obtain stem filter residue, root filter residue and rhizome pressing filtering liquid;
(3) with the discharging after artificial wet land system is handled of rhizome pressing filtering liquid;
(4) carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation after adding the anaerobic fermentation inoculum in the stem filter residue, wherein anaerobic reactor TS load is 2.0～6.0% (mass content), and reaction temperature is 25～55 ℃;
(5) the root filter residue is regulated moisture content to 55～70% (mass content), C/N and is transferred to 25～35 (mol ratios) with stalk after, carry out aerobic compost.
2. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out precipitation process through sedimentation basin earlier before described rhizome pressing filtering liquid enters artificial wet land system.
3. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anaerobic fermentation inoculum is wherein one or more of the anaerobically digested sludge of sewage treatment plant, old methane-generating pit mud, corrupt river silt or fresh cow dung.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described technologies, the consumption that it is characterized in that described anaerobic fermentation inoculum is 5%～30% of a stem filter residue dry weight.
5. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the anaerobic fermentation cycle is 20～30 days.
6. technology according to claim 1 when it is characterized in that described filter residue carries out aerobic compost, is regularly carried out force ventilation or artificial turning.
7. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the root filter residue aerobic compost cycle is 25～35 days.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102899115A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-01-30 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Application of artificial wetland plant biomass resource |
| CN103112952B (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The method of comprehensive utilization of a kind of pleuston based on body eutrophication improvement |
| CN104741363B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-07 | 郭志刚 | A kind of comprehensive utilization of waterhyacinth and/or the method for plant husbandry discarded object |
| CN109127645A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 宁波大学 | A kind of method of water hyacinth decrement treatment and use |
| CN109650950A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | The recycling treatment process of water hyacinth |
| CN109772860A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | The recycling treatment process of water hyacinth |
| CN110813238A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-21 | 深圳市碧园环保技术有限公司 | Wetland plant resource utilization method |
| CN115304226B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-12-22 | 昆明学院 | Tail vegetable garbage treatment method |
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