CN101496472A - Self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, which includes an engine installed on a self-propelled chassis, a harvesting platform, a conveying bridge, a feeding device, a chopping device, a throwing device, and a cotton stalk box. The conveying bridge is connected to the feeding device. The outlet of the feeding device is connected to the inlet of the cutting device. The outlet of the cutting device is connected to the cotton stalk box through the thrower. The cotton stalk box is equipped with a hydraulic turning device. Platform, conveying bridge, feeding device, shredding device, ejector and hydraulic turning device power connection. The invention has a compact structure, can complete harvesting, conveying, chopping, throwing, packing and unloading at one time, has high harvesting efficiency, realizes harvesting without branching, has wide adaptability to the row spacing of cotton stalks, and meets the needs of cotton stalk harvesting in different regions. It can be used for harvesting other stalk plants.

Description

Self-propelled Cotton Stalk Combine Harvester

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural harvesting machine, in particular to a self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, which is mainly used for harvesting stalk plants such as cotton stalks.

Background technique

At present, there are three types of cotton stalk harvesting technologies available in China, namely: shovel cutting, lifting and harvesting and crushing. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvesting and chopping combined harvesting technology is still blank. The structure of the cotton stalk cutting machine is relatively simple, and the main working part is a "herringbone"-shaped blade; during operation, the cotton stalk cutter is installed in front of the tractor, and the tractor drives forward, and the "herringbone"-shaped blade suspended at the front penetrates the soil to a certain depth Pass through, thus cutting off the cotton roots, and lifting the cotton stalks upwards, and pulling a rake behind some of them, and wrapping the cotton stalks into paving strips. The lifting cotton stalk harvester uses the pulling mechanism to lift the cotton stalks out of the soil. According to the shape and structure of the puller, it is divided into three types: roller type, clip type and chain stalk type; the roller type puller is divided into cylindrical Roller, semi-cylindrical roller, tapered roller, cylindrical-conical composite roller; clip-type pullers are divided into translation clip type, clamp type, and disk clip type; chain-type pullers are divided into single-chain stalk type and double-chain stalk type , tooth plate chain stalk type and chain grab type. Cotton stalk harvesting and pulverizers are divided into traction cotton stalk harvesting pulverizers, throwing knife type cotton stalk pulverizers and front-mounted cotton stalk combine harvesters; Trailer; the throwing knife type cotton stalk crushing harvester is a miniaturized cotton stalk harvester, mainly matched with small four-wheel tractors, the connection method is four-point rear suspension, and the rear traction trailer is used; the front suspension cotton stalk combine harvester adopts front suspension The horizontal green feeding machine header is restructured, and the power is an upside-down tractor, which can complete harvesting, transportation, chopping, throwing, and boxing in the field at one time.

The existing domestic cotton stalk harvesting machinery has the following problems: the cotton stalk shovel cutter consumes a lot of power, is not laid neatly, and does not have the function of chopping; The surface hardening and pulling out rate is low, and some models need to harvest in opposite rows, and the row spacing adaptability is poor; the overall structural strength of the traction cotton stalk harvester is not enough; the throwing knife type cotton stalk crushing harvester is inefficient; The operation is inconvenient, especially when the reverse gear is changed to a forward gear, the harvesting speed is limited, and the working efficiency is low. Therefore, the existing domestic cotton stalk harvesting machinery cannot meet the requirements of high efficiency, low cost, and large-scale industrial utilization of cotton stalks as raw materials.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, which can complete harvesting, conveying, chopping, throwing, packing and unloading at one time in the field, and can overcome the above-mentioned cotton stalk harvesting machinery. shortcoming.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, which is characterized in that it includes an engine installed on the self-propelled chassis, a header, a conveying bridge, a feeding device, a chopping device, a throwing The harvesting platform is connected to the feeding device through the conveying bridge, the outlet of the feeding device is connected to the inlet of the cutting device, and the outlet of the cutting device passes through the throwing device. The feeder is connected to the cotton stalk box, and a hydraulic overturning device is installed on the cotton stalk box body, and the engine is connected with the harvesting platform, the conveying bridge, the feeding device, and the chopping device respectively. , The ejector is connected with the power of the hydraulic turning device.

The above-mentioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, wherein the harvesting platform includes: a harvesting platform, a grain divider installed on the harvesting platform in sequence, a reel, a reciprocating cutter, a header auger .

The above-mentioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, wherein the chopping device is a drum-type chopping device, comprising a housing, a fixed knife assembly installed on the housing, a drum arranged in the housing, and a drum mounted on the drum. The moving knife.

In the aforementioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, the movable knives are arranged in two groups and are staggeredly mounted on the drum.

In the aforementioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, the fixed knife assembly is installed axially, and the movable knife is installed obliquely to the axial direction.

In the aforementioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, the feeding device includes two power rollers rotating inwards.

In the aforementioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, the conveying bridge is a chain rake conveying device.

The above self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, wherein, the top hinge of the cotton stalk box is provided with a ventilating upper cover.

In the aforementioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester, the thrower is a cylinder with a large lower opening and a small upper opening.

In the self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester mentioned above, a hydraulic lifting device is further provided on the harvesting platform, and the hydraulic lifting device is connected with the power of the engine.

The above-mentioned self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester further includes a transmission device installed on the self-propelled chassis, which is power-connected with the engine.

The efficacy of the present invention lies in: T-shaped arrangement is adopted, the structure is compact, harvesting, conveying, chopping, throwing, packing and unloading can be completed at one time, the harvesting efficiency is high, and the economic benefit is obvious; the harvesting without branching is realized, and the row spacing of cotton stalks is adapted to It has a wide range of properties, which can meet the needs of cotton stalk harvesting in different regions, and can also be used for harvesting other stalk plants; the moving knives of the drum-type chopping device are divided into two rows on the left and right, and are evenly staggered and symmetrically installed on the drum body. The load is small, and the cutting edge is inclined inward to ensure that the cotton stalks are shredded by sliding cutting, with low power consumption and good shredding quality; The change of the outlet area completes the transportation of the chopped cotton stalks. The structure is simple and the cost is low; the cotton stalk box has a large volume and is equipped with a ventilated upper cover. Driven by the device, the upper cover of the cotton stalk box can be opened and closed automatically when it is turned over, and the unloading speed is fast and clean, which increases the working time and improves the economic benefits.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 cotton stalk box structure schematic diagram;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the moving knife of the drum-type shredding device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fixed knife of the drum-type shredding device;

Figure 4a and Figure 4b are structural diagrams of the fixed knife assembly of the drum-type shredding device.

Among them, reference signs

1 Harvesting platform 2 Wheeled self-propelled chassis

3 Drum type chopping device 4 Ejector

5 Engine 6 Cotton stalk box

61 Breathable upper cover 62 Hydraulic turning device

7 Grain divider 8 Reel

9 Duplex cutter 10 Header auger

11 Transport bridge 12 Cab

13 Feeding device 14 Fixed knife assembly

15 Moving Knife 16 Roller

17 Eccentric nut 18 Fixed knife seat

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle and working principle of the present invention are specifically described:

Please refer to Fig. 1 for the structural schematic diagram of the self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester of the present invention.

The self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester of the present invention includes an engine 5 installed on the self-propelled chassis 2, a harvesting platform 1, a conveying bridge 11, a feeding device 13, a chopping device 3, a throwing device 4, and a cotton stalk box 6. The harvesting platform 1 is connected to the feeding device 13 through the conveying bridge 11, the outlet of the feeding device 13 is connected to the inlet of the cutting device 3, and the outlet of the cutting device 3 is connected to the cotton stalk box 6 through the thrower 4, and the cotton stalk box 6. A hydraulic overturning device 62 is installed on the casing, and the engine 5 is respectively connected to the harvesting platform 1, the conveying bridge 11, the feeding device 13, the chopping device 3, the throwing device 4 and the hydraulic overturning device 62.

The harvesting platform 1 of the present invention comprises: a crop divider 7, a reel 8, a reciprocating cutter 9, and a header auger 10 installed on the harvesting platform in sequence.

The feeding device 13 of the present invention comprises two inwardly rotating powered rollers.

The conveying bridge 11 of the present invention is a chain rake conveying device.

Please refer to Figure 3, a schematic diagram of the installation of the moving knife of the drum-type shredding device, and Figures 4a and 4b, the structural diagrams of the fixed-knife assembly of the drum-type shredding device.

The shredding device 3 of the present invention is a drum-type shredding device, comprising a housing, a fixed knife assembly 14 mounted on the housing, a drum 16 arranged in the housing, and a moving knife 15 mounted on the drum. The fixed knife assembly 14 is installed in the axial direction, and the movable knife 15 is arranged in two groups and is staggeredly installed on the drum 16 and installed obliquely with the axial direction.

Please refer to Fig. 2 for a structural schematic diagram of the cotton stalk box.

The top hinge of the cotton stalk box of the present invention is provided with a ventilating upper cover.

In the self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester of the present invention, the engine 5 on the wheeled self-propelled chassis 2 transmits power to the harvesting platform 1 through the intermediate transmission mechanism, and the cotton stalks are divided into the harvest area and the uncut area by the left and right grain dividers 7. area, the cotton stalks in the harvesting area are turned to the header auger 10 under the action of the reel 8, cut by the reciprocating cutter 9, enter the header auger 10, and are transported by the header auger 10 to the conveying process. The bridge 11 is transported to the feeding device 13 by a chain rake transported across the bridge 11 .

There is also a hydraulic lifting device on the harvesting platform, which is connected with the engine power. The harvesting height of the harvesting platform 1 is controlled by the hydraulic control handle in the cab 12 located on the wheeled self-propelled chassis 2, so as to meet the needs of farmers for cotton stalk cutting. Requirements, except that the reel 8 has the effect of dialing the cotton stalk to the header auger, it also has a supporting effect on the lodging cotton stalk.

The feeding device 13 continues to compress the cotton stalks conveyed by the conveying bridge 11, and then sends it to the drum-type shredding device 3 . Feeding device 13 is made up of two feeding rollers up and down, and upper feeding roller is a smooth roller mechanism, is fixed on the frame, can only rotate, can not move.

Please refer to Figure 4 for a schematic diagram of the installation of the fixed knife of the drum-type shredding device; Figure 4a and Figure 4b for the structural diagram of the fixed-knife assembly of the drum-type shredding device. The drum type chopping device 3 chops the material under the cooperation of the movable knife 15 and the fixed knife 18, and throws the chopped material to the thrower 4 backward and upward. The fixed knife 18 of the drum-type shredding device 3 is installed on the housing through the fixed knife seat 19, and the moving knife 15 is distributed in two rows on the left and right. Above, the impact load on the fixed knife 18 is small, and the cutting edge is inclined at an angle to ensure that the cotton stalks are chopped in a sliding cutting manner, with less power consumption and good chopping quality; the fixed knife 18 on the fixed knife assembly 14 is eccentric Under the action of the nut 17, as shown in Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, it can move back and forth to ensure the gap between the movable knife 15 and the fixed knife 18, the gap is generally 0.5mm ~ 1.0mm.

Throwing device 4 adopts variable cross-section design according to the characteristics of air-flow conveying, the lower opening is large, and the upper opening is small, and the material after chopping is thrown in the cotton stalk case 6.

Cotton stalk case 6 is equipped with breathable loam cake 61, and the shredded thing sent by ejector 4 is stored and air is discharged. After the shredded material is basically filled with the cotton stalk box, the hydraulic control handle in the cab 12 on the wheeled self-propelled chassis 2 is manipulated to drive the hydraulic turning device on the cotton stalk box 6 to turn over the cotton stalk box 6, and at the same time, the hinged ventilating Loam cake 61 overturns, and as shown in Figure 2, after cotton stalk box 6 arrives unloading position, shredded thing is quickly and cleanly unloaded on the transport vehicle or on the field. During operation, the cotton stalk box 6 is in a horizontal position, and the ventilating upper cover is in a closed state.

The wheeled self-propelled chassis 2 is also equipped with a speed change device connected with the engine power, and the walking speed adopts a combination of machinery and hydraulic pressure, and the walking speed realizes stepless speed change. Mechanical auxiliary speed change is adopted, and hydraulic stepless speed regulation is adopted in each gear.

The self-propelled cotton stalk combine harvester of the present invention has following advantages:

1. When the machine is working, it can clear the way by itself, and can steplessly adjust the working speed according to the condition of the cotton field. It can complete harvesting, conveying, chopping, throwing, packing and unloading at one time, with high harvesting efficiency and obvious economic benefits;

2. This machine adopts a reciprocating cutter to achieve no-row harvesting. It has wide adaptability to the row spacing of cotton stalks, which can meet the harvest of cotton stalks in different regions, and can also be used for harvesting other stalk plants;

3. The moving knives of the drum-type shredding device are divided into two rows on the left and right, and are evenly staggered and symmetrically installed on the drum body. The impact load on the fixed knives is small, and the cutting edge is inclined inward at an angle to ensure that the cotton stalks are chopped in a sliding cutting manner. , less power consumption, good chopping quality;

4. The thrower uses the initial velocity and wind pressure generated by the rotation of the chopping drum, as well as the change of its own import and export area, to complete the transportation of chopped cotton stalks, with a simple structure and low cost;

5. The cotton stalk box has a large volume and is equipped with a breathable upper cover. The broken cotton stalks are basically filled with the cotton stalk box, and the volume utilization rate is high. The cotton stalk box is driven by a hydraulic device. The speed is fast and clean, which increases the working time and improves the economic benefits.

Of course, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1, a kind of self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester, it is characterized in that, comprise the engine that is installed on the self-propelled chassis, header, carry and pass a bridge, feeding unit, shredding mechanism, throwing device, the cotton stalk case, described header is passed a bridge through described conveying and is connected described feeding unit, the outlet of described feeding unit connects the inlet of described shredding mechanism, the outlet of described shredding mechanism connects described cotton stalk case by described throwing device, on the described cotton stalk box body hydraulic pressure turn-over device is installed, described engine respectively with described header, described conveying is passed a bridge, described feeding unit, described shredding mechanism, described throwing device is connected with described hydraulic pressure turn-over device power.

2, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described header comprises: the harvesting stand, be installed in nearside divider, straw shift wheel, reciprocating cutterbar, ceding of Taiwan screw feeder on the described harvesting stand successively.

3, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described shredding mechanism is a cylinder cutting mechanism, comprises housing, is installed in stationary knife assembly on the housing, is arranged on the cylinder in the housing and is installed in moving knife on the cylinder.

4, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described moving knife is set to two groups and staggered being installed on the described cylinder.

5, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described stationary knife assembly is axially to install, and described moving knife and axioversion are installed.

6, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described feeding unit comprises two inwardly live rolls of rotation.

7, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described conveying is passed a bridge and is the chain-and-harrow type conveying plant.

8, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the top of described cotton stalk case is hinged with ventilative loam cake.

9, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described throwing device is big, the last young cylinder of end opening.

10, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, also is provided with hydraulic lift on the described header, and described hydraulic lift is connected with described engine power.

11, self-propelled cotton stalk combine-harvester according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the speed change gear that is installed on the self-propelled chassis, is connected with described engine power.

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