CN101307705A - Hierarchical type granule capturing device and its regeneration method - Google Patents
Hierarchical type granule capturing device and its regeneration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101307705A CN101307705A CNA2008100576773A CN200810057677A CN101307705A CN 101307705 A CN101307705 A CN 101307705A CN A2008100576773 A CNA2008100576773 A CN A2008100576773A CN 200810057677 A CN200810057677 A CN 200810057677A CN 101307705 A CN101307705 A CN 101307705A
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Abstract
The invention provides a stage particle trap device which adopts filtering bodies with different trap efficiencies, and the filtering efficiencies of the filtering bodies in different stages increase from an air inlet end to an air outlet end stage by stage. When airflow containing soot or/and particles flows through the device, the particles with different compositions and sizes are trapped on the filtering bodies in different stages respectively, thereby the particles can be completely or partially removed finally. The invention can also adopt any continuous or/and intermittent recovery form to regenerate the filtering bodies in a filtering section or all filtering sections. With the adoption of the stage particle trap device, the problems of initial discharge and fuel of an engine can be ignored. With the adoption of multi-stage filtering, the maximal filtering efficiency of the filtering body in each section can be sufficiently exerted, and the shape and the dimension of each section can be changed according to local conditions, so the actual mounting dimension of the device and the adaptability of the device to space are superior to a DPF system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hierarchical type granule capturing device and regeneration method thereof.
Background technique
Motor Vehicle is the Motor Vehicle of power with compression ignition engine (as diesel engine) especially, contains a large amount of soots in its exhaust gas discharged, and adheres to various organic substances thereon, all can cause bigger injury to human body and environment.To the control of soot or particulate matter discharging, be the emphasis and the focus place of current mobility car Study on Emission, also be the object of the strict control of relevant national standard rules.
At present for the diesel-oil vehicle new car, great majority have adopted advanced emission controls by improving combustion measure (as high-pressure common rail etc.) and external purification measure (as catalytic oxidation or selective reduction), and the gross mass of particulate matter is on a declining curve in its exhaust gas discharged.But the quantity of its particulate matter presents increase trend, because after adopting injection altogether, diesel oil atomization is thinner, the number that becomes at diesel oil diffusive combustion process carbon karyomorphism is more.Adopting particle catcher for diesel engine DPF is the first-selection that solves the pollution problem of new car particulate matter at present.But DPF only uses the one-level filter, need remove part or all of particulate matter on the one-level filter.Owing to there be not sharing of capture task, require DPF that sufficiently high filter efficiency is arranged, require simultaneously in the pollution of engine emission, particle content can not be too high.Otherwise can cause that filter is very fast to be blocked fully, Motor Vehicle can't move; Maybe need filter is regenerated continually, thereby influence its life-span.
Therefore at present when using DPF and carry out particle emission control, at first need the discharging of former machine (motor) is control effectively (machine inner control), with the control particulate emission as far as possible at the state of " can filter ".This will increase the complexity and the cost of the system of motor own.The application need of DPF has the clean diesel of ultra-low sulfur in addition, and this will increase user cost and social cost, and is especially in the period that present oil price skyrockets, more unreasonable.These all are that present DPF technology is promoted a huge difficult problem that is faced.
And for using diesel-oil vehicle, the advantage of native system is more obvious.Using diesel-oil vehicle, especially service life near or surpass 10 years, perhaps distance travelled near or surpass ten thousand kilometers of twenty or thirties use diesel-oil vehicle, its discharging is much abominable than new car.
Practical application experience proves already, and it is unworkable at all at this diesel-oil vehicle the DPF system to be installed.Its reason just is, because the DPF system only adopts the filter of single, the small radius that dams, nearly all particulate matters such as soot all will be held back on single filter, does not share and do not exist, and causes DPF filtration duty load excessive.DPF is very fast to be blocked fully, and can't use.Especially during engine cold starting, particulate matters such as the soot of discharging are more, and as yet before the response, DPF blocks in the dpf regeneration system.But at this moment, generally just utilized the filtration of DPF front end intake duct, the filtration of its filter wall even have little time to work, obviously its filtering function is not utilized fully.In addition, in this case, if by force DPF is regenerated, cause probably then too much that the soot of load reacts suddenly and discharges a large amount of heats on DPF, cause DPF to be hardening cracked or scorification.This is that present DPF uses the biggest problem that runs into, and also is the biggest obstacle that restriction DPF promotes the use of.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of hierarchical type granule capturing device, particle is carried out classification, segmentation capture, filters, thereby the particulate matter in the waste gas is partly or entirely removed.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of regeneration method of hierarchical type granule capturing device.
In order to realize the object of the invention, a kind of hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention, it is made of filter more than two sections, and the filter efficiency difference of every section filter is used to capture or filter the particle of different sizes and different components.
The filter efficiency of the filter of described different stage is increased to the outlet side step by step by inlet end, also is that its filtering hole radius reduces step by step.And as required in the end one-level adopt the highest wall-flow filter bodies of filter efficiency, remove particles all in the waste gas thereby purify.
Described filter is good with 2-5.
The cross section of described filter can be that rectangle, circle or ring etc. can be realized the shape of filtering arbitrarily.
Described filter can be wall-flow type, the partial wall-flow formula or straight-through type, includes but not limited to foam, silk screen, grain catcher, particulate filter, smoke filter, filter dust lane and various forms of integrated type or spherical soot, the particle collector etc. of various materials.
The material of described filter includes but not limited to: metal or its alloy, pottery, oxide or oxide complex, steinheilite, silicon carbide, aluminium titanates, aluminium oxide, Mo Caishi, various fabric and various organic or inorganic compounds or the like.
The filtration mechanism of described filter includes but not limited to: dam in the surface, deep layer is dammed, collision, throttling, absorption, centrifugal and coagulation or the like
The shape of the size of described each section of hierarchical type granule capturing device filter, size, connecting tube and size, Connecting format (flange, clip etc.) etc. can require to decide according to as installed.
The catalyzer or the sorbent of various uses on can load on the described filter, or to the filter heating (as resistance wire or microwave applicator) that heats up, thereby in filtering particle, various harmful gases or micro-organism in the purifying exhaust air.
Establish a pressure transducer before and after each filter of the present invention, all pressure transducers all show with a pressure signal and link to each other with treatment device.
Described hierarchical type granule capturing device can calculate, demonstrate the back pressure of each section filter, thereby whether decision regenerate to a certain section filter or single unit system according to the value of pressure transducer induction before and after each section filter.
Described hierarchical type granule capturing device adopts any continuous or/and step reconstituted form, to arbitrary filtering section wherein or all the filter of filtering sections regenerate.
Described reconstituted form can be step, also can continous way.
Described regeneration method includes but not limited to: regenerated way pulse cleaning, thermal regeneration, cleaning and regeneration, catalytic regeneration and other various forms of physics or chemistry, these regenerated ways all are well known to those skilled in the art.
The present invention adopts the mode of classified filtering, adopts the primary filter body that the filtering hole radius is big, filter efficiency is lower at the gas access end; Adopt the secondary filter body that the filtering hole radius is less relatively, filter efficiency is higher relatively thereafter; Satisfy level and reduce the filtering hole radius, improve filter efficiency, share filtration duty, give full play to every section filter efficient, carry out the purpose of micro particle catching to greatest extent, can not cause filter to be blocked fully thereby reach.
And because the effect of all having brought into play filtration of every grade of filter, total filter efficiency will be much larger than DPF, so the relative DPF of filter can do more a little bit smallerly.And according to demand, wall-flow filter bodies can be installed on the afterbody of this hierarchical type granule capturing device, and filter out all remaining fine particles, purify the particulate matter of removing in the waste gas fully.Because this moment, wall-flow filter was only born the filtration duty to fine particle, it is very little to load, and can not be blocked immediately, has time enough to regenerate, and its relative volume also needn't be so big as DPF.
As required, can adopt multiple mode that the filter of hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention is carried out intermittent type or continous way regeneration.As a certain section or a few sections so that all filter disassemble down, carry out thermal regeneration, pulse cleaning, even wash.Because every section filter is only shared the sub-fraction filtration duty, working load is also little, and the interval of regeneration will be much larger than DPF.If in the ingress of this hierarchical type granule capturing device ingress or certain section filter, or the outside of whole device installs online heating equipment (as resistance wire or microwave applicator), then can carry out cyclic regeneration to it.Because every section load is not heavy, the total amount of every section particle that traps is also few, and even relatively.Therefore be easy to regeneration, generally can not produce the phenomenon of local superheating, thereby can prevent effectively that filter is by scaling loss.
As required therein certain one-level or certain what so that all on the filter, the catalyzer of identical or different composition in the load.For example, can load on the oxidation catalyst of different components, thereby can promote the catalytic combustion that carries out of the particle that is captured, realize cyclic regeneration.Or organic exhaust gas VOCs catalyzer in the load, in filtering particle, to the organic substance in the waste gas or/and microorganism carries out catalytic combustion, thereby aseptic clean air is provided.
Same principle, hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention can be used for various industry and civilian place, are used for the particulate matter of industry or civilian waste gas (stationary source) is carried out purified treatment.
Use hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention, can consider the original discharging of motor and the problem of fuel oil.Owing to adopt multistage filtering, can give full play to the maximum filtering efficient of every section filter, and the shape and size of its each section can suit measures to local conditions also and change, so its actual installation dimension and will be much better than the DPF system to the adaptability in space.
With respect to present DPF or similar device, another characteristics of apparatus of the present invention are exactly that cost is lower.This device is that the filter with at present dissimilar routines makes up, and is not high to the requirement of filter itself, employing matured product, localized purchasing.
Hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention can be used for using various fuel in motor usefulness or new production, automobile, motorcycle, diesel-oil vehicle, boats and ships, generator set, engineering machinery, graden machine and waste gas treatments such as various non-road machine and engine.This device is particularly useful for combustion diesel fuel various motors, dynamic power machine, Motor Vehicle, locomotive, boats and ships, naval vessels, engineering machinery, generator set and the non-road machine etc. of (comprising biodiesel and various diesel replacement fuel).Solid and/or the liquid particles things such as soot that are used for purifying exhaust gas waste gas.
Another important application of hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention is in industry and civilian dedusting field.The waste-gas cleaning and flue dust, the dust that are used for various kilns, stove, pot, kitchen range, production line, manufacturing machine (as wind screen and development machine etc.), process units etc. are handled; The inlet and outlet air port that is used for various holes, well, basement, explosion chamber, dust free room and kind sealing or hemi-closure space is to purify intake and exhaust.
Hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention also can be used for bio-pharmaceuticals, dustless test room etc. ambiance is required strict field.According to application need, the catalyzer of load various uses, sorbent or on filter to its heating that heats up, thereby in filtering particle, various harmful gases or micro-organism in the purifying exhaust air.Be used for gas handling system, thereby the clean environment of dust-free sterile is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hierarchical type granule capturing device structural representation sketch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a-c is the common filter profile of a hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention schematic representation.
Wherein, 1 has the filter of different filter efficiencies, 2 pressure transducers, and 3 pressure signals show and treatment device.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The combining form of present embodiment hierarchical type granule capturing device as shown in Figure 1.N represents to adopt the multistage filtering body.This device is made up of several filter 1 with different arresting efficiencies.Can carry out segmentation, classified filtering and capture at the composition particle different with particle diameter.Wherein, be good with 2-5.
Filter 1 is ascending by filter efficiency, is installed step by step to the outlet side by inlet end.Thereby guarantee to contain soot or/and during this device of the airflow passes of particle, the particle of forming and varying in size is captured respectively on the filter of different sections, thereby finally removed wholly or in part.
A pressure transducer 2 is established in each filter 1 front and back, and all pressure transducers all show with a pressure signal and link to each other with treatment device 3.Can calculate, demonstrate the back pressure of each section filter, thereby whether decision regenerate to a certain section filter or single unit system according to the value of pressure transducer induction before and after each section filter.
The cross section of filter can be that rectangle, circle or ring etc. can be realized the shape of filtering arbitrarily.Shown in Fig. 2 a-c.
Each filter is the load oxidation catalyst respectively.
When the back pressure of filter surpasses the data of setting, then need filter is carried out Regeneration Treatment, can a certain section or a few sections so that all filter disassemble down, carry out thermal regeneration, pulse cleaning, even wash.Because every section filter is only shared the sub-fraction filtration duty, working load is also little, and the interval of regeneration will be much larger than DPF.
Also can be in the ingress of this hierarchical type granule capturing device ingress or certain section filter, or the outside of whole device installs online heating equipment (as resistance wire or microwave applicator), then can carry out cyclic regeneration to it.Because every section load is not heavy, the total amount of every section particle that traps is also few, and even relatively.Therefore be easy to regeneration, generally can not produce the phenomenon of local superheating, thereby can prevent effectively that filter is by scaling loss.
Wherein, the shape of the size of each section filter, size, connecting tube and size, Connecting format (flange, clip etc.) etc. can require to decide according to as installed.
Certainly, hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention can suitably be adjusted filter form, size, size, hop count and progression as required.Because adopt grading type to capture, granule capturing and filtration duty are shared in segmentation, the back pressure that can control whole device is within allowed band.
Application examples 1
Carry out the comparison test of traditional DPF and hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention at engine pedestal.The motor that adopts is 6.0 liters of diesel engine of certain money (state I level was used 5 years), uses-No. 10 diesel oil of Sulpher content as 800ppm.The total volume of DPF is 12L (slenderness ratio is 2: 1), and the last load of DPF has the precious metal oxidation catalyst.Hierarchical type granule capturing device relevant parameter of the present invention such as table 1.All load has the non-noble metal oxidation catalyst on the level Four filter.
Table 1 hierarchical type granule capturing device relevant parameter
13 operating modes by GB GB17691-2001 regulation compare test.Experimental result shows that when adopting traditional DPF to test, test fails to finish.When the 3rd operating point, the motor auto extinguishing is disassembled the back and is found that DPF blocks fully.And hierarchical type granule capturing device operation of the present invention is normal, and the particle emission testing result is 0.08g/kwh, reaches the emission standard requirement, and total filter efficiency is 80%.
Application examples 2
Two same cover granule capturing devices are installed in a certain discharge capacity and are on the bus automobile of 6L and carry out preventing test, and vehicle 230,000 mileages that travelled use Sulpher content to test as-No. 10 diesel oil of 800ppm equally.DPF is installed, and obviously the sensation power character descends behind 50 kilometers of the automobile runnings, accelerated reaction is blunt, travels and disassembles to get off to check that find to be blocked substantially, test stops after 80 kilometers.Change hierarchical type granule capturing device of the present invention, travelled nearly 300 kilometers always, degradation phenomenon under any realizable power do not occur.Final accumulative total has been travelled nearly 1500 kilometers, does not find any tangible problem yet, and test stops.Disassemble the back and find this device, there is not obvious blocking phenomenon in each Duan Jun.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a hierarchical type granule capturing device is characterized in that, it is made of filter more than two sections, and the filter efficiency difference of every section filter is used to capture or filter the particle of different sizes and different components.
2. hierarchical type granule capturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the filtering hole radius of described filter reduces step by step.
3. hierarchical type granule capturing device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the cross section of described filter is rectangle, circle or ring.
4. according to any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described filter is wall-flow type, the partial wall-flow formula or straight-through type, includes but not limited to foam, silk screen, grain catcher, particulate filter, smoke filter, filter dust lane and the various forms of integrated type of various materials or spherical soot, particle collector.
5. according to any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the material of described filter includes but not limited to: metal or its alloy, pottery, oxide or oxide complex, steinheilite, silicon carbide, aluminium titanates, aluminium oxide, Mo Laishi, various fabric and various organic or inorganic compound.
6. according to any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the afterbody of described filter adopts wall-flow filter bodies.
7. according to any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, establish a pressure transducer before and after each filter, all pressure transducers all show with a pressure signal and link to each other with treatment device.
8. according to any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, the catalyzer of load various uses or sorbent on the described filter, or to the filter heating that heats up.
9. the regeneration method of any described hierarchical type granule capturing device of claim 1-8 is characterized in that, adopts any continuous or/and step reconstituted form, to arbitrary filtering section wherein or all the filter of filtering sections regenerate.
10. the regeneration method of hierarchical type granule capturing device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that described regeneration method includes but not limited to: regenerated way pulse cleaning, thermal regeneration, cleaning and regeneration, catalytic regeneration and other various forms of physics or chemistry.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102410066A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-04-11 | 虞跃平 | Multi-stage purifying and filtering device for motor vehicle tail gas |
| CN102454461A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-16 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method for determining filtering efficiency of particle filter in exhaust system of motor vehicle |
| CN103861396A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 北京英泰世纪环境科技有限公司 | Post-treatment purifier for internal combustion engine particle emission |
| CN105833645A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-10 | 深圳市威尔仕机电有限公司 | Waste gas treatment device and method |
| CN106555640A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 武汉洛特福动力技术有限公司 | Guide's heater of purifying internal combustion engine tail gas after-treatment system and method |
| CN106939812A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-07-11 | 江门市资迪科技环保有限公司 | A kind of stagewise oxidation particle trap and preparation method thereof |
| CN108412591A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-17 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile exhaust after-treatment system and automobile |
| CN109915234A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 浙江大学 | A segmented electric heating active regeneration uniform airflow diesel particulate trap |
| CN117085442A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-21 | 华润双鹤利民药业（济南）有限公司 | Pharmacy waste gas filters pretreatment equipment |
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2008
- 2008-02-04 CN CN2008100576773A patent/CN101307705B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102454461A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-16 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method for determining filtering efficiency of particle filter in exhaust system of motor vehicle |
| CN102454461B (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2015-07-29 | 福特环球技术公司 | For determining the method for the filter efficiency of the particulate filter in motor vehicle exhaust system |
| CN102410066A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-04-11 | 虞跃平 | Multi-stage purifying and filtering device for motor vehicle tail gas |
| CN103861396A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 北京英泰世纪环境科技有限公司 | Post-treatment purifier for internal combustion engine particle emission |
| CN106555640A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 武汉洛特福动力技术有限公司 | Guide's heater of purifying internal combustion engine tail gas after-treatment system and method |
| CN106555640B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2019-12-20 | 武汉洛特福动力技术有限公司 | Pilot heating device and method of internal combustion engine tail gas purification post-treatment system |
| CN105833645A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-10 | 深圳市威尔仕机电有限公司 | Waste gas treatment device and method |
| CN106939812A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-07-11 | 江门市资迪科技环保有限公司 | A kind of stagewise oxidation particle trap and preparation method thereof |
| CN108412591A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-17 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile exhaust after-treatment system and automobile |
| CN109915234A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 浙江大学 | A segmented electric heating active regeneration uniform airflow diesel particulate trap |
| CN117085442A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-21 | 华润双鹤利民药业（济南）有限公司 | Pharmacy waste gas filters pretreatment equipment |
| CN117085442B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-03-08 | 华润双鹤利民药业（济南）有限公司 | Pharmacy waste gas filters pretreatment equipment |
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