CN101283760A - A method for extracting and preparing meal fibre from the peach dregs - Google Patents
A method for extracting and preparing meal fibre from the peach dregs Download PDFInfo
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- CN101283760A CN101283760A CNA2008100532703A CN200810053270A CN101283760A CN 101283760 A CN101283760 A CN 101283760A CN A2008100532703 A CNA2008100532703 A CN A2008100532703A CN 200810053270 A CN200810053270 A CN 200810053270A CN 101283760 A CN101283760 A CN 101283760A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting dietary fibers from peach residue. The method comprises the following steps: (1) impurity removal and sterilization: dispersing peach residue iin water, removing crushed peach stones and sterilizing; (2) lixiviation under heat insulation; (3) solid-liquid separation to obtain filtrate and filter cake; (4) concentration and ethanol precipitation of filtrate and drying of precipitates, to obtain soluble dietary fibers; and (5) mixing filter cake and warter, adjusting pH to 4-5, digesting with compound enzymes at 40-50 DEG C for 10-20 hours, filtering, collecting filtrate and filter cake after enzymolysis, concentrating filtrate after enzymolysis, precipitating with ethanol, drying the precipitates to obtain soluble dietary fibers, drying the filter cake after enzymolysis to obtain insoluble dietary fibers. The invention increases the yield of soluble dietary fibers, reduces the energy consumption, production cycle and production cost, simplifies the operation, doesn't need strict working conditions such as high temperature and pressure and strong acid and base, has no strict requirement for equipment, and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural byproducts discarded object deep processing field, relate to a kind of method of from the discarded peach slag in peach processing back, extracting dietary fiber.
Background technology
Dietary fiber (Dietary Fiber, be called for short DF) means in the food summation of plant cell, polysaccharide, lignin and other material that can not be digested and assimilated by the human body endogenous enzymes.Be divided into insoluble diedairy fiber (Insoluble Dietary Fiber is called for short IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (Soluble Dietary Fiber is called for short SDF) according to the dissolubility in water.Insoluble diedairy fiber has effects such as prevention of obesity disease, constipation, colon cancer, and soluble dietary fiber can reduce serum cholesterol, suppresses postprandial blood sugar, improve gut flora.
At present, the dietary fiber of selling on the market mainly is with cereal kind skin, makes through the mechanical-physical super-fine processing for raw material as maize peel, soybean skin, wheat bran etc., and most of composition of its product is an insoluble diedairy fiber, and soluble dietary fibre content seldom.And the research of relevant high water activity soluble dietary fiber is owing to complex technical process, too tall and big many stages that sample is taken out in the laboratory that still rest on of cost.Therefore, the preparation technology, the developing dietary fiber that improve dietary fiber prepare resource, and further the method and the condition of the suitable suitability for industrialized production of research have important practical significance.
Peach is a kind of characteristic fruit of northern area, and very big output is all arranged every year, and except that being eaten raw, major part is used to produce peach juice, so all has every year a large amount of peach slags to produce.Fresh peach pulp water part and sugared content height, viscosity are difficult to carry out drying greatly to be handled, very easily putrid and deteriorated, and is mingled with a large amount of hard broken peach-pits in the peach slag, therefore is unsuitable for going out of use as feed, causes the waste of resource and environment is polluted.Dietary fiber content enriches in the peach slag, if the employing modern technologies are made with extra care the added value that can not only improve peach processing with dietary fiber extraction wherein and can be turned waste into wealth, the more important thing is to solve its problem of environmental pollution, so has crucial meaning.At present, do not see that with bright peach slag be the technology report that raw material extracts preparation soluble dietary fiber and insoluble diedairy fiber.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag in two steps is provided.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the method that another kind of step extraction from the peach slag prepares dietary fiber.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
From the peach slag, extract the method for dietary fiber in two steps, comprise the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2~1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed with mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60~80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) insulation lixiviate: the feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, at 30~60 ℃ of lixiviate 1~10h;
(3) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the feed liquid that will be incubated after the lixiviate is filtered, and obtains filtrate and filter cake;
(4) described filtrate is concentrated into 1/4~1/5 of former filtrate volume, gets concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber;
(5) be that 1: 4~1: 10 ratio mixes described filter cake and water in mass ratio, transferring pH is 4~5, the complex enzyme that adds described filter cake quality 1%~2%, at 40~50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10~20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6~1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Described complex enzyme is 1~10: 0~3 by mass ratio: 0~5 cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase are composite to be formed.
One step was extracted the method for preparing dietary fiber from the peach slag, comprise the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2~1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed with mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60~80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 4~5, the complex enzyme that adds described peach slag amount 1%~2%, at 40~50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10~20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6~1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Described complex enzyme is 1~10: 0~3 by mass ratio: 0~5 cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase are composite to be formed.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention has improved the soluble dietary fiber yield;
2. the present invention is a raw material with the bright peach slag of undried, therefore saves dry power consumption, shortens preparation process, greatly reduces preparation cost;
3. the product property of the present invention's preparation is good, and after testing, the soluble dietary fiber that the present invention makes has significant cholesterol and sodium taurocholate adsorption capacity, and can effectively promote the propagation of Bifidobacterium; The insolubility dietary fiber has higher retention ability and swellability.
4. the present invention is simple, convenient, does not need high temperature, high pressure, strong acid, highly basic condition, and low for equipment requirements and energy savings is beneficial to environmental protection;
5. the present invention is a raw material with the discarded peach slag in the peach process, has solved well because of putrid and deteriorated environmental pollution that causes of peach slag and wasting of resources problem;
6. the insoluble diedairy fiber of the present invention's preparation can play effects such as prevention of obesity disease, constipation, colon cancer to human body, and soluble dietary fiber has effects such as the human body intestinal canal of improvement environment, control postprandial blood sugar, reduction serum cholesterol.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for water is carried, enzyme is carried SDF to sodium taurocholate adsorbance variation diagram in time;
Fig. 2 is the comparison of SDF to the influence of Bifidobacterium propagation;
Fig. 3 proposes the influence of SDF initial concentration to Bifidobacterium propagation for water;
Fig. 4 proposes the influence of SDF initial concentration to Bifidobacterium propagation for enzyme.
The specific embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
The removal of impurities sterilization: take by weighing the wet peach slag of 1000g and add 4000g water, fully stir material is uniformly dispersed, treat to be removed after peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, then with feed liquid at 60 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
The insulation lixiviate: the material after the removal of impurities sterilization is put into closed container, and lixiviate 2h under 30 ℃ of conditions of temperature dissolves in the water soluble dietary fiber;
Separation of Solid and Liquid: will be incubated the feed liquid press filtration after the lixiviate, and obtain filtrate and filter cake, filtrate volume is 4250ml, and filter cake heavily is 513g;
Vacuum concentrates: described filtrate is concentrated into 870ml under 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum 0.09Mpa condition;
Alcohol precipitation suction filtration: in above-mentioned concentrate, add 95% ethanol water of 3500ml, the soluble dietary fiber precipitation is separated out, then the precipitation solution suction filtration is obtained precipitation;
Vacuum drying: above-mentioned being deposited under 60 ℃, vacuum 0.08Mpa condition carried out drying, then it is crushed to 80~100 orders and promptly gets water and carry soluble dietary fiber, calculating yield with peach slag raw material butt is 15.36%;
Cellulase degradation: the filter cake after the peach pulp water carried is put into closed container, is that 1: 8 ratio adds water in mass ratio, fully stirs to make filter cake disperse to form mixed uniformly feed liquid; The pH that regulates feed liquid with the NaOH aqueous solution of 1M is 4.5, adds cellulase in feed liquid, and enzyme concentration is 1.25% of a filter cake quality, and enzyme is lived and is 30000U/g, fully stirs enzyme-to-substrate is contacted fully, then at 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 18h;
Separation of Solid and Liquid: with above-mentioned enzymolysis liquid press filtration, the filtrate and the filter cake behind the enzymolysis that obtain respectively behind the enzymolysis are stand-by, and filtrate volume is 4125ml, and filter cake heavily is 437g;
Vacuum concentrates: the filtrate behind the above-mentioned enzymolysis is concentrated into 380ml under 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum 0.09Mpa condition;
Alcohol precipitation suction filtration: in above-mentioned concentrate, add 95% ethanol water of 1520ml, the soluble dietary fiber precipitation is separated out, then precipitation solution is carried out suction filtration and obtain precipitation;
Vacuum drying: above-mentioned being deposited under 60 ℃ of temperature, the vacuum 0.08Mpa condition carried out drying, then it is crushed to 80~100 orders and promptly gets the soluble dietary fiber (being that enzyme is carried soluble dietary fiber) of enzyme auxiliary law second extraction, calculating yield with peach slag raw material butt is 14.7%;
Heated-air drying: the filter cake behind the enzymolysis is carried out drying under 60~70 ℃ of temperature, then it is crushed to 80~100 orders and promptly gets insoluble diedairy fiber, calculating yield with peach slag raw material butt is 46%.
Bright peach slag after above-mentioned peach slag is meant and squeezes the juice on the fruit juice production line.
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) insulation lixiviate: the feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, at 60 ℃ of lixiviate 1h;
(3) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the feed liquid that will be incubated after the lixiviate is filtered, and obtains filtrate and filter cake;
(4) described filtrate is concentrated into 1/4 of former filtrate volume, gets concentrate; 85% of 5 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber;
(5) be that 1: 4 ratio mixes described filter cake and water in mass ratio, transferring pH is 4, the complex enzyme (complex enzyme is 10: 3: 5 composite composition of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase by mass ratio) that adds described filter cake quality 1%, at 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 15h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85% of 5 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) insulation lixiviate: the feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, at 40 ℃ of lixiviate 10h;
(3) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the feed liquid that will be incubated after the lixiviate is filtered, and obtains filtrate and filter cake;
(4) described filtrate is concentrated into 1/5 of former filtrate volume, gets concentrate; 95% of 3 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber;
(5) be that 1: 7 ratio mixes described filter cake and water in mass ratio, transferring pH is 5, the complex enzyme (complex enzyme is 5: 1: 3 composite composition of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase by mass ratio) that adds described filter cake quality 2%, at 40 ℃ of following enzymolysis 20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/8 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 99% of 3 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 5 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 70 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) insulation lixiviate: the feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, at 55 ℃ of lixiviate 3h;
(3) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the feed liquid that will be incubated after the lixiviate is filtered, and obtains filtrate and filter cake;
(4) described filtrate is concentrated into 1/5 of former filtrate volume, gets concentrate; 95% of 4 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber;
(5) be that 1: 10 ratio mixes described filter cake and water in mass ratio, transferring pH is 4.5, the complex enzyme (complex enzyme is 8: 2: 3 composite composition of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase by mass ratio) that adds described filter cake quality 1.5%, at 50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 95% of 4 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 5, the complex enzyme (complex enzyme is 10: 3: 5 composite composition of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase by mass ratio) that adds described peach slag amount 1%, at 40 ℃ of following enzymolysis 20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/12 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 95% of 4 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 75 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 4.5, add described peach slag amount 1.5% complex enzyme (complex enzyme by mass ratio be 5: 3 cellulase and hemicellulase is composite forms), at 50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/7 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 95% of 4 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 5 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 4, add described peach slag amount 1% complex enzyme (complex enzyme by mass ratio be 5: 5 cellulase and pectase is composite forms), at 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 15h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 99% of 3 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
A kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag comprises the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 8 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed in mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 70 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 5, the complex enzyme (complex enzyme is 3: 1: 4 composite composition of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase by mass ratio) that adds described peach slag amount 2%, at 48 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85% of 5 times of volumes of adding ethanol water carries out alcohol precipitation in described concentrate, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
Embodiment 9
Comparative study carry soluble dietary fiber (carrying SDF), enzyme as the water that makes among each embodiment and carry soluble dietary fiber (carrying SDF) to the adsorption capacity of cholesterol, sodium taurocholate and to the facilitation of the common beneficial bacterium bifidobacterium longum propagation of human body hereinafter to be referred as enzyme hereinafter to be referred as water, thereby provide strong support for pomace dietary fiber preparation method's selection and the development of functional product.
1. material and instrument
1.1 raw material
Water is carried peach slag SDF (purity 57.87%), enzyme is carried peach slag SDF (purity 80.81%), bifidobacterium longum (Chinese industrial microorganism fungus kind preservation administrative center), new fresh hen egg
1.2 main agents
Cholesterol, sodium taurocholate, soy peptone, tryptone, dusty yeast, cysteine hydrochloride are biochemical reagents, and it is pure that ammonium ferric sulfate, anhydrous calcium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium acid carbonate, glucose, OPA, absolute ethyl alcohol, glacial acetic acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, furfural are analysis
1.3 key instrument
UV7500 ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer: Shanghai Techcomp Instrument Ltd.; Electric-heated thermostatic water bath: Tianjin Tai Site Instr Ltd.; Electronic balance: many Coases balance Co., Ltd is matched in Beijing; Supercentrifuge: Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai; PHS-25 type acidometer: Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd; Portable sterilizer: Shenan Medical Appliances Factory, Shanghai; Anaerobism culture bag: Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd
2 experimental techniques
2.1 peach slag SDF is to the adsorbing assay method of cholesterol
Getting yolk adds 4 times of distilled water and beats into emulsion.Take by weighing that 1.0g water is carried SDF and the 1.0g enzyme is carried each two parts of SDF, add the 20g egg yolk liquid respectively.Water is carried SDF and enzyme carry SDF each is a with salt acid for adjusting pH value to 2.0 pH condition with the simulation stomach, remain two parts and regulate pH value to 7.0 to simulate the pH condition of enteron aisle with NaOH.Above 4 samples at 37 ℃ of 2h that vibrate down, are carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid with supercentrifuge under the 4000rpm condition, adopt the cholesterol level in the spectrophotometry supernatant.
With the cholesterol is that the calibration curve that standard items are drawn is: y=0.0024x+0.0246, R=0.9985.SDF is calculated as follows the adsorbance of cholesterol:
SDF is to cholesterol adsorbance=(cholesterol amount in cholesterol amount in the preceding egg yolk liquid of absorption-absorption back supernatant)/SDF weight
2.2 peach slag SDF is to the adsorbing assay method of sodium taurocholate
Taking by weighing 0.5g water respectively carries SDF and enzyme and carries each six parts of SDF, every part of NaCl solution 100ml that all adds the 0.15mol/L that contains the 0.2g sodium taurocholate, water is carried SDF and enzyme, and to carry each portion of SDF be one group totally six groups, six groups of samples are descended vibration 1,2,3,4,5,6h at 37 ℃ respectively, under the 4000rpm condition, carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid with supercentrifuge, adopt the amount of remaining sodium taurocholate in the furfural colorimetric method for determining supernatant.
With the sodium taurocholate is that standard items drawing standard curve is: y=0.2123x+0.0065, R=0.9991.SDF is calculated as follows the adsorbance of sodium taurocholate:
SDF is to adsorbance=(sodium taurocholate amount in sodium taurocholate amount in the blank solution-absorption back supernatant)/SDF weight of sodium taurocholate
2.3 bifidobacterium longum culture medium preparation
The bifidobacterium longum culture medium, 100ml culture medium composition is composed as follows:
0.5g soy peptone, 0.5g tryptone, 1.0g dusty yeast, 1.0g glucose, 4ml inorganic salt solution 0.05g cysteine hydrochloride (culture medium boils the back and adds)
Above culture medium boils to drive to be inoculated in the anaerobism bag behind the oxygen before inoculation to be cultivated, and wherein the compound method of inorganic salt solution is: mix 0.2g CaCl
2With 0.48g MgSO
47H
2O until dissolving, adds 500ml distilled water in 300ml distilled water, slowly add the NaCl of 2g and the NaHCO of 10g while stirring
3, continue to be stirred to whole dissolvings, add 200ml distilled water mixing, be stored in 4 ℃ and descend standby.
2.4 the assay method of bifidobacterium longum propagation
The assay method of bacterium bacterium number has counter process, Plating, dilution method, turbidimetry etc., and this paper adopts the situation of turbidimetry for Determination Bifidobacterium propagation.Record the absorbance A value of bifidobacterium longum nutrient solution at wavelength 620nm place.
2.5 two kinds of comparative approach that peach slag SDF influences bifidobacterium longum propagation
Adding respectively in the bifidobacterium longum basic culture solution by the addition of 5g/L that water is carried, enzyme is carried SDF and both equal proportion mixtures, as test group, is control group with the basic culture solution, and each nutrient solution is respectively charged into
Test tube in, 10ml/ props up loading amount, inoculation bifidobacterium longum bacterial classification 1ml behind 121 ℃ of sterilization 15min, 37 ℃ of synchronous anaerobics cultivate 6,, 12,18,24,30h, get the bifidobacterium longum nutrient solution then respectively in 620nm place its absorbance A value of mensuration.
2.6 peach slag SDF initial concentration is to the assay method of bifidobacterium longum propagation influence
Prepare respectively that water is carried, to carry the SDF initial concentration be 2.5 to enzyme, 5.0 and A, B, the C three group leader Bifidobacterium nutrient solutions of 10g/L, sterilization, inoculation back be cultivation 6,12,18,24,30h synchronously, measures the absorbance A value of bifidobacterium longum nutrient solution at 620nm then respectively.
2.7 the composition analysis of two kinds of peach slag SDF
Take by weighing 0.5 gram water respectively and carry SDF and enzyme is carried SDF, add the H of 4N
2SO
45ml, inflated with nitrogen sealing back is at 100 ℃ of following hydrolysis 10h, and transferring pH with BaOH is 7, filters the back and carries out analyzing and testing with high performance liquid chromatography.Testing conditions is: instrument: day island proper Tianjin LC-6AD, chromatographic column: nh 2 column, detector: FID, column temperature: room temperature, flow velocity: 1ml/min.
3 experimental results and discussion
3.1 peach slag SDF is to the suction-operated of cholesterol
Table 1 peach slag SDF is to the adsorption capacity of cholesterol
Enzyme is carried SDF and water to carry SDF suitable to the adsorption capacity of cholesterol as can be seen from Table 1, and adsorption effect is remarkable; The amount that water is carried under neutrallty condition, enzyme is carried SDF absorption cholesterol is respectively 23.96mg/g, 23.27mg/g, 12.61mg/g, 15.46mg/g under the acid condition, the Acidity of Aikalinity of explanation system has considerable influence to the ability of two kinds of SDF absorption cholesterol, and the adsorption capacity that the adsorbance under the neutrallty condition is promptly simulated under the enteron aisle condition than the height under the acid condition is better than simulating under the stomach condition.Reason may be to have a large amount of hydrogen ions under the acid condition, makes SDF and cholesterol all carry the part positive charge, has certain repulsion between the two and adhesion weakens, and causes SDF that the adsorption capacity of cholesterol is decreased.
3.2 peach slag SDF is to the suction-operated (see figure 1) of sodium taurocholate
As seen from Figure 1, water is carried, enzyme is carried SDF sodium taurocholate is all had significant absorption property, adsorbance increases sharply in 0~3h, increase behind the 3h slowly, absorption is near saturated, enzyme is carried SDF the adsorption capacity of sodium taurocholate is about 32.63mg/g, and water is put forward the adsorption capacity of SDF up to 186.06mg/g, and water is carried SDF and the adsorption capacity of sodium taurocholate obviously is better than enzyme is carried SDF.Reason may be to carry SDF with enzyme to compare water to carry among the SDF pectin content higher, and the stub area that has height in the pectin molecule is easy to form network structure, compares not only with cellulosic chain structure that adsorption area is big, and more firm to the combination of sodium taurocholate.
3.3 peach slag SDF is to the comparison (see figure 2) of Bifidobacterium propagation influence
Water is carried as seen from Figure 2, enzyme is carried SDF all has significant facilitation to bifidobacterium longum propagation, both more as can be seen, under identical condition, water is carried SDF and is made degree that bifidobacterium longum breeds and speed be higher than enzyme to carry SDF.
3.4 peach slag SDF initial concentration is to the influence of bifidobacterium longum propagation
By Fig. 3,4 as can be seen, in 0~18h, bifidobacterium longum all increases rapidly among three groups of A, B, the C, and difference is not obvious, this moment, SDF concentration did not also become the restraining factors of growth, still sustainable growth of bifidobacterium longum among two groups of B, the C after the 18h, the situation that rate of rise descends and stagnates appears in the A group, and the initial analysis reason may be that two groups of SDF initial concentrations of B, C are bigger, carbon source is abundant to prolong the thalline rise period, and A group SDF initial concentration is low, and carbon source is depleted too early, therefore early enters decline phase.In addition, B, C two group leader Bifidobacterium propagation situations are more or less the same, and B group SDF initial concentration only is 1/2nd of C group, therefore the concentration that increases substrate SDF in the scope of 2.5~5g/l can obviously promote bifidobacterium longum propagation, but the raising of concentration no longer increases cultivation effect after its initial concentration surpasses 5g/L.
The composition that 3.5 water is carried, enzyme is carried SDF
Monose after two kinds of peach slags of table 2 SDF acidolysis is formed and ratio
By table 2 as seen, water is carried the monose that SDF obtains and is mainly comprised rhamnose, wood sugar, arabinose and glucose after acidolysis, because the monose kind in the pectin molecule comprises rhamnose, arabinose, the monose kind comprises wood sugar and arabinose in the hemicellulose molecule, monose in the dextran molecule is mainly glucose, therefore the main component that preliminary deduction water is carried SDF is pectin, hemicellulose and glucan, and beta-dextran content is in the majority.The monose composition that enzyme is carried after the SDF acidolysis has only glucose, therefore tentatively infers that it is glucan that enzyme is carried the SDF Main Ingredients and Appearance, and this carries SDF with enzyme is that the fact of the cellulosic product of cellulose hydrolyzation conforms to.
4 conclusions
Peach slag SDF has the good adsorption performance to cholesterol and sodium taurocholate, and the propagation of bifidobacterium longum had obvious facilitation, utilize the various functions of SDF of method preparation of the present invention all very remarkable, therefore can have remarkable efficacy at aspects such as improving intestinal health, reduction serum cholesterol, control postprandial blood sugar by preliminary judgement peach slag SDF.It is pectin, hemicellulose and glucan that the peach pulp water is put forward the SDF main component, and the main component that enzyme is carried SDF is a glucan.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is extracted the method for preparing dietary fiber from the peach slag, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2~1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed with mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60~80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) insulation lixiviate: the feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, at 30~60 ℃ of lixiviate 1~10h;
(3) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the feed liquid that will be incubated after the lixiviate is filtered, and obtains filtrate and filter cake;
(4) described filtrate is concentrated into 1/4~1/5 of former filtrate volume, gets concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber;
(5) be that 1: 4~1: 10 ratio mixes described filter cake and water in mass ratio, transferring pH is 4~5, the complex enzyme that adds described filter cake quality 1%~2%, at 40~50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10~20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6~1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
2. a kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described complex enzyme is 1~10: 0~3 by mass ratio: 0~5 cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase are composite to be formed.
3. one kind is extracted the method for preparing dietary fiber from the peach slag, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) removal of impurities sterilization: be that 1: 2~1: 10 ratio adds water with the peach slag and stirs material is uniformly dispersed with mass ratio, treat to be removed after broken peach-pit falls to container bottom fully, with feed liquid at 60~80 ℃ of following sterilization 30min;
(2) feed liquid after the sterilization is put into closed container, transferring pH is 4~5, the complex enzyme that adds described peach slag amount 1%~2%, at 40~50 ℃ of following enzymolysis 10~20h, filter, obtain filter cake behind enzymolysis rear filtrate and the enzymolysis respectively, the filtrate behind the described enzymolysis be concentrated into 1/6~1/15 of filtrate volume behind the described enzymolysis, concentrate; 85%~99% the ethanol water that adds 3~5 times of volumes in described concentrate carries out alcohol precipitation, separates out precipitation, and is drying precipitated, obtains soluble dietary fiber; Filtration cakes torrefaction behind the described enzymolysis is obtained insoluble diedairy fiber.
4. a kind of method for preparing dietary fiber of extracting from the peach slag according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described complex enzyme is 1~10: 0~3 by mass ratio: 0~5 cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase are composite to be formed.
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CN107319288A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-07 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of cmaize peel food fibre steamed bun |
CN110200292A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江大学 | The soluble environment-friendly preparation method thereof with insoluble diedairy fiber in a kind of fruits and vegetables residue |
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