CN101273063A - 用于b细胞淋巴瘤治疗的针对cd20的单克隆抗体的生产方法 - Google Patents
用于b细胞淋巴瘤治疗的针对cd20的单克隆抗体的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于生产可溶形式的抗体的重组方法,所述抗体结合CD20,用于治疗患有复发的或难治的、低级的或滤泡的、CD20阳性B细胞非何杰金淋巴瘤(NHL)的患者。所述治疗将包括免疫活性抗CD20抗体;或放射性标记的抗CD20抗体和/或协同策略的使用,所述协同策略中标记和非标记抗体将用于NHL治疗。该方法描述了编码抗-CD20的核酸序列的从头合成、构建的核酸序列向感受态细菌中的转化、以及构建的核酸序列向哺乳动物表达载体中的亚克隆,以表达期望的蛋白质。包含与感兴趣的基因相连的控制元件的DNA构建体已被公开。感兴趣的核酸序列已经密码子优化,以允许在适合的哺乳动物宿主细胞中表达。
Description
发明领域:
本发明涉及用于生产可溶形式的抗体的重组方法,所述抗体结合CD20,用于治疗患有复发的或难治的、低级的或滤泡的、CD20阳性B细胞非何杰金淋巴瘤(NHL)的患者。所述治疗将包括免疫活性抗CD20抗体;或放射性标记的抗CD20抗体和/或协同策略的使用,所述协同策略中标记和非标记抗体将用于NHL治疗。该方法描述了编码抗-CD20的核酸序列的从头合成、构建的核酸序列向感受态细菌中的转化、以及构建的核酸序列向哺乳动物表达载体中的亚克隆,以表达期望的蛋白质。包含与感兴趣的基因相连的控制元件的DNA构建体已被公开。感兴趣的核酸序列已经密码子优化,以允许在适合的哺乳动物宿主细胞中表达。
发明背景:
抗体已经被公认为是以高度的特异性和亲和性来识别并靶向几乎任何分子的有力工具。单克隆抗体(mAbs)已经被用作体外诊断剂,因而容许用于RIA、ELISA免疫细胞病理法和流式细胞术的试剂的世界性标准化。单克隆抗体也已经广泛地用于肿瘤抗原的体内定位以及癌症的免疫治疗。
这种难题已经通过两种基本类型的抗体的开发来解决。第一种类型,称为嵌合抗体,其中仅鼠恒定结构域被人源的等效结构域替换(Morrison et al,P.N.A.S.,1984,81,6851-6855;Boulianne et al,Nature,1985,314,268-270;和Neuberger et al,Nature,1985,314,268-270)。第二种类型是其中鼠恒定结构域和鼠框架区都被人源的等效结构域和区域替换。该第二种抗体被称为人源化的或CDR移植抗体(Jones et al,Nature,1986,321,522-525;和Riechmann et al,Nature,1988,332,323-327)。例如,对于治疗用途,人IgG1和大鼠IgG2b是当前偏爱的同种型。进一步地,在人IgG同种型中,IgG1和IgG3似乎对于补体和细胞介导的裂解最有效,因而用于杀死肿瘤细胞。人抗体无需“人源化”,然而分泌人抗体的细胞系是非常不稳定的,一般被证明不适合大规模生产。
为了产生足够量的抗体用于完全的临床使用,期望的是采用有效的重组表达系统。由于骨髓瘤细胞代表了专用于抗体生产和分泌的天然宿主,来自骨髓瘤细胞的细胞系已经被用于重组抗体的表达。通常,需要基于免疫球蛋白基因调节元件的复杂载体设计,并且高度可变的最终表达水平已被报道(Winter et al,Nature,1988,332,323-327;Weidle et al,Gene,1987,60,205-216;Nakatani et al,Bio/Technology,1989,7,805-810;和Gillies et al,Bio/Technology,1989,7,799-804)。可选择的哺乳动物表达系统是通过使用中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞提供的那些。使用这些细胞容许几种治疗蛋白的大量产生,用于研究和临床使用(Kaufman et al,Mol.Cell.Biol,1985,5,1750-1759;和Zettlmeissl et al,Bio/Technology,1987,5,720-725)。然而,很少情况下使用这些细胞用于抗体的表达,迄今为止报道的鼠抗体表达水平是很低的,约0.01-0.1mu.g/ml(Weidle et al,Gene,1987,51,21-29;和Feys et al,Int.J.Cancer,1988,2,26-27)。
抗CD20抗体特异性地结合抗原CD20(人B淋巴细胞限制的分化抗原,Bp35),为具有约35kD分子量位于前B淋巴细胞和成熟B淋巴细胞上的疏水性跨膜蛋白。该抗原还在>90%的B细胞非何杰金淋巴瘤(NHL)上表达,但未在造血干细胞、原B细胞、正常血浆细胞或其他正常组织上发现。CD20调节细胞周期起始和分化的活化过程中的早期步骤,并且可能作为钙离子通道起作用。CD20不从细胞表面脱落,在抗体结合时不被内在化。游离CD20抗原未在循环中发现。抗CD20抗体通过征募身体的天然防御来攻击和杀死其经由CD20抗原而结合的B细胞来起作用。宿主细胞杀伤通过两种机制发生:1)补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)途径和2)抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)途径。
抗CD20抗体是遗传工程化的嵌合鼠/人单克隆抗体。该抗体是含有鼠的轻链和重链可变区序列以及人恒定区序列的IgG1κ免疫球蛋白。抗CD20抗体由两条451个氨基酸的重链和两条213个氨基酸的轻链(根据cDNA分析)组成,具有约145kD的分子量。抗CD20抗体对CD20抗原有大约8.0nM的结合亲合性。嵌合的抗CD20抗体通过含有抗生素庆大霉素的营养培养基中的哺乳动物细胞(中国仓鼠卵巢)悬浮培养物产生。抗CD20抗体通过亲和层析和离子交换层析来纯化。
本发明涉及可结合CD20的抗体的构建、克隆、表达、纯化和生产。该抗体将是靶向治疗剂,指明用于治疗患有复发的或难治的、低级的或滤泡的、CD20阳性B细胞非何杰金淋巴瘤(NHL)的患者。
发明概述:
本发明涉及编码多肽抗-CD20的核酸序列的转化。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了编码抗-CD20分子的重链和轻链的核酸序列。根据本发明的另一方面,提供了由所述核酸序列编码的相应的氨基酸序列。
本发明的特别的方面涉及抗-CD20分子的重链和轻链的可变区的从头合成。进一步公开的是,具有感兴趣的核酸序列的载体构建体的构建、所述载体构建体向感受态细菌中的转化、以及抗-CD20链向哺乳动物表达载体中的亚克隆。
发明的详细说明:
抗CD20抗体是小鼠-人嵌合抗体。它由两条链组成:1)轻链,其由来自小鼠单克隆抗体2B8的轻链的可变区和人κ恒定区组成;和2)重链,其由来自小鼠单克隆抗体2B8的重链的可变区和人IgG1恒定区组成。该抗体序列在专利WO94/11026中有描述。
对于cDNA构建体的编码区的合成,遵循了从头开始的方法,因为分泌抗CD20小鼠单克隆抗体的杂交瘤2B8在公众领域不是可获得的。从头的基因合成还将允许针对用于蛋白表达的特定哺乳动物细胞系的密码子优化。
编码抗CD20抗体的轻链的核苷酸序列表示在SEQ ID 1中。
编码抗CD20抗体的轻链的核苷酸序列的经密码子优化的版本表示在SEQ ID 2中。
在抗CD20抗体轻链的编码DNA序列中的密码子作为密码子优化过程的一部分被改变,以确保在哺乳动物细胞系,例如CHO K1和HEK293中的最佳的重组蛋白表达。编码抗CD20抗体的重链的核苷酸序列表示在SEQ ID 3中。
编码抗CD20抗体的重链的核苷酸序列的经密码子优化的版本描述在SEQ ID 4中。
在抗CD20抗体重链的编码DNA序列中的密码子作为密码子优化过程的一部分被改变,以确保在哺乳动物细胞系,例如CHO K1和HEK293中的最佳的重组蛋白表达。
表达载体的选择:
用于抗CD20抗体表达的哺乳动物表达载体的设计可以基于商业上可获得的载体之一(例如,分别来自Invitrogen或BD Biosciences的pcDNA或pIRES),其被修改以包括以下特征:
(a)多克隆位点,用于将编码抗CD20抗体的轻抗体链和重抗体链的cDNA插入到同一载体的独立表达盒中。
(b)表达载体的设计还可以接纳独立的(双顺反子)IRES介导的绿色荧光蛋白共表达,其将容许使用荧光辅助的细胞分选来快速筛选高表达性转染子。
(c)嵌合的轻抗体链和重抗体链向具有不同选择标记的两个独立的哺乳动物表达系统中的克隆。
RTX抗体链在哺乳动物表达载体中的亚克隆
从头合成的抗CD20抗体重链(RTX-HC)和抗CD20抗体轻链(RTX-LC)作为cDNA片段获得,被克隆到pBSKII载体和构建体中,分别称为pBSKII-RTX-LC和pBSKII-RTX-HC。DNA被转化到DH10bE.coli细胞中,接种在含有氨苄青霉素的LB琼脂平板上。将来自平板的菌落接种到液体培养基中,进行DNA迷你制备。通过测序确认了两条抗体链的序列。
全长抗CD20抗体轻链和重链分别亚克隆到哺乳动物表达载体pCAIN和pCAID中。用BglII和EcoRI消化pBSKII/RTX-LC克隆和pCAIN载体。产生的构建体称为pCAIN/RTX-LC。来自前者的插入片段(700bp)和来自后者的载体主干进行凝胶纯化并连接(图5)。连接混合物转化到热激感受态DH10b细胞中,并接种在含有氨苄青霉素作为选择抗生素的LB琼脂平板上。挑选出几个转化体,进行DNA迷你制备。通过限制性内切酶消化来检查克隆(图6)。
用BamHI和EcoRI消化pBSKII/RTX-HC克隆和pCAID载体,产生的构建体称为pCAID/RTX-HC。来自前者的插入片段(1429bp)和来自后者的载体主干进行凝胶纯化并连接(图7)。连接混合物转化到热激感受态DH10b细胞中,并接种在含有氨苄青霉素作为选择抗生素的LB琼脂平板上。挑选出几个转化体,进行DNA迷你制备。通过限制性内切酶消化来检查克隆(图8)。
DNA测序和分析:
对分别克隆到pCAID和pCAIN哺乳动物表达载体中的RTX-HC和RTX-LC的最终克隆进行测序并确认它们的序列精确性。
编码抗CD20抗体抗体链的基因的维持和增殖:
编码抗CD20抗体的嵌合轻链和重链的cDNA构建体将在标准的细菌细胞系,例如Top 10(Invitrogen)中维持和增殖。
在CHO-K1中的短暂的/稳定的重组蛋白表达:
(a)构建体的短暂的/稳定的表达将使用中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)进行,这是FDA批准用于工业应用的哺乳动物细胞系。短暂的表达对于检查构建体的表达和快速获得少量的重组蛋白是有用的。
(b)随后,使用标准方法来发展显示了期望的单克隆抗体的稳定和高度表达的CHO细胞。
抗CD20抗体的纯化:
抗CD20抗体的成熟嵌合抗体由两条抗体重链(451个氨基酸×2)和两条抗体轻链(213个氨基酸×2)组成,并具有约145kDa的分子量。两条链都具有N-末端20个氨基酸的前导序列,其在激素的分泌之前被裂解下来。
在根据上述建议的功能/结合分析确立了可重现的生物活性之后,将进行努力来优化纯化步骤。纯化策略将以加工经济性、加速市场化、可扩展性、重现性、以及产物的最大纯度为目标,而功能稳定性和结构完整性作为主要目标。为此,将探索使用过滤(常规过滤和切向流过滤)和层析的组合方法。工艺质量评定要求和验收标准研究将在3个批次上进行。
因而,本发明考虑了纯化过程中的以下步骤:
a.使用COHC/A1HC/0.45μ深度过滤器的初步澄清
b.使用基于切向流过滤的Pellicon XL Biomax 50kDa截留过滤器浓缩
c.层析步骤-I:使用Prosep VA Ultra用于基于血清的(2%胎牛血清[FCS])培养物上清液/以及Prosep VA对于无血清培养物上清液的亲和层析
d.层析步骤-II:强阳离子交换剂,例如SP Sepharose
e.层析步骤-III:流经碱性强阴离子交换剂,例如Cellufine Q(基于纤维素的介质),用于除去宿主细胞蛋白质和核酸。
f.使用体积排阻过滤去除病毒,以及使用Cellufine sulfate滤除蛋白A
g.无菌过滤
h.使用Remtox/Cellufine ET层析的内毒素去除
h.制剂
使用生物化学的、免疫学的和物理化学的方法对目标蛋白身份的确认:
每个阶段的总蛋白回收率使用二喹啉甲酸法(BCA)/Bradford染料结合方法来测定。纯化的每个阶段的目标蛋白浓度将使用高度特异的和可靠的基于酶的免疫分析,例如直接或间接夹心ELISA Qualitative来检测,在每个阶段之后将是目标特异性western分析。采用反相色谱法、等电聚焦和二维凝胶电泳来评估纯化的产物。使用远UV圆二色法来检查二级结构分析。分子量和寡聚状态将使用体积排阻和MALDI-TOF来研究。研究还将集中于蛋白质相对于pH值和温度的稳定性。NESP是超糖基化蛋白,纯化的蛋白的糖基化模式将使用气相色谱法(GC分析)来记录。
7.抗CD20抗体的体外和体内活性分析:
检测抗CD20抗体的体外CD20结合以及抗体的效应子功能的生物分析将使用以下方式进行:
a)在流式细胞计分析中使用荧光标记的C1q的人C1q结合和CD-20阳性SB细胞
b)CD20阳性SB细胞的补体依赖性细胞裂解
c)使用CD20阳性细胞和CD20阴性细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性效应物分析
抗CD20抗体的临床前体内生物活性将在非人灵长类(猕猴)上测试:
a)来自外周血淋巴结和骨髓的B细胞减少效力
b)与嵌合抗体相关的任何毒性的评估
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Morawala patell,Villoo
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Claims (7)
1. 制备具有体内生物学活性的抗CD20单克隆抗体的方法,包括以下步骤:
·抗CD20单克隆抗体的轻链和重链的从头合成的步骤
·抗CD20抗体的全长κ轻链的构建的步骤
·抗CD20抗体的全长IgG1重链的构建的步骤
·载体的构建步骤,所述载体包含编码抗-CD20分子的轻多肽链和重多肽链的核酸序列。
·抗CD20抗体链在哺乳动物表达载体中亚克隆以生产生物学活性抗体分子的步骤。
2. 根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述编码抗CD20抗体的轻链的核苷酸序列表示在SEQ ID 1中。
3. 根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述编码抗CD20抗体的重链的核苷酸序列表示在SEQ ID 2中。
4. 根据权利要求1的方法,其中包含编码抗-CD20的重链的核酸片段的载体经历定点诱变。
5. 根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述全长抗CD20重链和轻链被亚克隆到哺乳动物载体中
6. 具有体内生物学活性的抗CD20单克隆抗体的制备方法,包括用图No.的载体构建体转化宿主细胞、以及从所述宿主细胞或其生长培养基分离所述产物的步骤。
7. 一种药物组合物,包含治疗有效量的抗CD20抗体和药学上可接受的稀释剂、佐剂或载体,其中所述抗体是从培养基中生长的哺乳动物细胞纯化的。
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- 2006-05-24 WO PCT/IB2006/001358 patent/WO2006126069A2/en active Application Filing
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CN108456660A (zh) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-08-28 | 浙江特瑞思药业股份有限公司 | 生产利妥昔单抗的高表达、高稳定性cho细胞株及其构建方法 |
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AP2007004252A0 (en) | 2007-12-31 |
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JP2009508467A (ja) | 2009-03-05 |
AU2006250888A2 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
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US20090285795A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
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BRPI0610203A2 (pt) | 2010-06-01 |
ZA200711010B (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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AU2006250888A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
WO2006126069A3 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
RU2007147598A (ru) | 2009-06-27 |
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