CN101265000B - Treatment method of waste water in wine brewing - Google Patents
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(一)技术领域(1) Technical field
本发明涉及废水深度处理技术，属于环保净化处理技术领域，具体为葡萄酒酿造中废水的处理方法。The invention relates to a wastewater advanced treatment technology, belongs to the technical field of environmental protection purification treatment, and specifically relates to a treatment method for wastewater in wine brewing.
(二)背景技术(2) Background technology
葡萄酒是利用葡萄榨汁后的葡萄汁经微生物发酵、储存和勾兑后获得的一种产品。葡萄酒酿造中的废水来自生产的全过程，前处理、发酵、后处理、洗涤等过程均产生大量的废水。废水的主要污染物是糖，大多是几个葡萄糖分子的小分子结构，通过微生物技术就可以对废水中的糖分子分解处理，因此采用生物技术对本废水处理是经济有效的方法。Wine is a product obtained from grape juice squeezed from grapes through microbial fermentation, storage and blending. Wastewater in wine brewing comes from the whole process of production, and processes such as pre-treatment, fermentation, post-treatment, and washing all produce a large amount of waste water. The main pollutant of wastewater is sugar, most of which are small molecular structures of several glucose molecules. The sugar molecules in wastewater can be decomposed and treated by microbial technology, so the use of biotechnology is an economical and effective method for wastewater treatment.
活性污泥法处理葡萄酒废水具有运行可靠、处理效果好的优点。但是，污泥产量高，处置麻烦，在高负荷率下，活性污泥不易发生生物絮凝，沉降性能差，出水悬浮物浓度比较高，不适合对出水水质要求高的污水处理，还需要大量充氧，增加了基建运行费用。生物接触氧化法在国内应用很广，其主要优点是处理能力大，耐冲击负荷能力强，占地面积少，污泥生成量少，无污泥膨胀，运行管理方便等。但是，如果废水中污染物浓度较高或前处理效果不理想，生物接触氧化池前端的有机物负荷较高，使得供氧相对不足，该处的生物膜呈灰白色，处于严重的缺氧状态，而池末端成熟的好氧生物膜呈琥珀黄色。同时，水中的生物活性抑制性物质浓度也较高，对微生物也有一定的抑制作用。这些因素使得生物接触氧化池没有发挥出应有的作用，处理效果不理想。The activated sludge process for wine wastewater treatment has the advantages of reliable operation and good treatment effect. However, the sludge output is high, and the disposal is troublesome. Under high load rate, the activated sludge is not easy to flocculate, has poor settling performance, and the concentration of suspended solids in the effluent is relatively high. Oxygen increases the cost of infrastructure operation. The biological contact oxidation method is widely used in China. Its main advantages are large processing capacity, strong impact load resistance, small footprint, less sludge generation, no sludge bulking, and convenient operation and management. However, if the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater is high or the pretreatment effect is not ideal, the organic matter load at the front end of the biological contact oxidation tank is high, which makes the oxygen supply relatively insufficient. Mature aerobic biofilms at the end of the pool are amber yellow. At the same time, the concentration of biologically active inhibitory substances in the water is also high, which also has a certain inhibitory effect on microorganisms. These factors make the biological contact oxidation pond not play its due role, and the treatment effect is not ideal.
而生物转盘法是较早用于葡萄酒废水处理的方法，具有处理效果比较稳定、运行费用低、动力消耗小、耐冲击负荷、无污泥膨胀等优点，但前期基建投资高，受气温变化影响大，在气温偏低的地区处理效果较差。The biological turntable method is an earlier method for wine wastewater treatment. It has the advantages of relatively stable treatment effect, low operating cost, low power consumption, impact load resistance, and no sludge expansion. However, the initial capital investment is high and affected by temperature changes. Large, the treatment effect is poor in areas with low temperature.
(三)发明内容(3) Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种葡萄酒酿造中废水的处理方法，其处理效率高，能耗小处理程度高，并对能源循环利用，可以做到废水的零排放。The invention provides a treatment method for waste water in wine brewing, which has high treatment efficiency, low energy consumption and high treatment degree, and can realize zero discharge of waste water by recycling energy.
其技术方案是这样的，其特征在于：其包括以下步骤，Its technical scheme is such, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps,
(1)调酸(1) Acid adjustment
将从集水井出来的葡萄酒废水，用氢氧化钠调节pH值在6.5～7.5之间；Use sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value between 6.5 and 7.5 for the wine wastewater from the water collection well;
(2)固液分离(2) Solid-liquid separation
将调酸后的废水打入固液分离器，去除固体颗粒，滤液进入调节池；Put the acid-adjusted waste water into the solid-liquid separator to remove solid particles, and the filtrate enters the regulating tank;
(3)预酸化处理(3) Pre-acidification treatment
将调节池内的废水打入预酸化罐预酸化处理；Put the wastewater in the regulating tank into the pre-acidification tank for pre-acidification treatment;
(4)厌氧反应(4) Anaerobic reaction
将预酸化处理的废水送入厌氧反应器，在反应器启动前添加含耐低温的微生物菌种的厌氧颗粒污泥，添加量占反应器有效容积的1/5～1/2，反应温度在14摄氏度～20摄氏度之间，厌氧反应产生的沼气经气水分离、脱硫、脱水后作为能源循环使用；Send the pre-acidified wastewater into the anaerobic reactor, and add anaerobic granular sludge containing low-temperature-resistant microbial strains before the reactor is started. The amount added accounts for 1/5 to 1/2 of the effective volume of the reactor. The temperature is between 14 degrees Celsius and 20 degrees Celsius, and the biogas generated by anaerobic reaction is recycled as energy after gas-water separation, desulfurization, and dehydration;
(5)三段式生物反应(5) Three-stage biological reaction
将经过厌氧反应的废水送入三段生物反应池，每一段分别包含单独的兼氧和好氧反应单元、单独的废水和菌种回流系统，依次经过三段的多级兼氧和好氧反应；The wastewater that has undergone anaerobic reaction is sent to the three-stage biological reaction tank, each section contains a separate facultative and aerobic reaction unit, a separate wastewater and strain return system, and passes through three stages of multi-stage facultative and aerobic reaction units in turn. reaction;
(6)沉淀处理(6) Precipitation treatment
将经过好氧反应的废水通入沉淀池进行沉淀；Pass the waste water after aerobic reaction into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation;
(7)混凝反应(7) coagulation reaction
对经过沉淀后的废水进行混凝反应，按每吨废水投入固体聚合氯化铝1克～15克或液体聚合氯化铝3克～40克Coagulation reaction is carried out on the wastewater after precipitation, and 1 to 15 grams of solid polyaluminum chloride or 3 to 40 grams of liquid polyaluminum chloride are added per ton of wastewater
(8)砂滤、消毒及排放(8) Sand filtration, disinfection and discharge
向经过混凝反应的废水中投入石英砂填料，进行砂滤，然后采用二氧化氯消毒；Put quartz sand filler into the waste water after coagulation reaction, perform sand filtration, and then disinfect with chlorine dioxide;
(9)污泥处理(9) Sludge treatment
将从调节池、厌氧反应器、沉淀池及混凝沉淀出来的污泥通入加药池，加药池中的聚合氯化铝的用量为污泥的0.05％、聚丙烯酰胺用量为污泥的0.01％，然后用压滤机脱水，最后排放。The sludge from the adjustment tank, anaerobic reactor, sedimentation tank and coagulation sedimentation is passed into the dosing tank, the dosage of polyaluminum chloride in the dosing tank is 0.05% of the sludge, and the dosage of polyacrylamide is 0.5% of the sludge. 0.01% of the mud, then dehydrated with a filter press, and finally discharged.
其进一步特征在于：当预酸化罐内废水的有机物含量偏高时，将厌氧反应器排出的部分污水送回预酸化罐进行缓和，然后在循环泵的作用下，再将预酸化罐的废水送回厌氧反应器进行厌氧反应；将沉淀池内的污泥在混凝反应之前送回三段好氧反应池，和池内的废水进一步好氧反应。Its further feature is: when the organic matter content of the wastewater in the pre-acidification tank is high, part of the sewage discharged from the anaerobic reactor is sent back to the pre-acidification tank for relaxation, and then the wastewater in the pre-acidification tank is discharged Send back to the anaerobic reactor for anaerobic reaction; send the sludge in the sedimentation tank back to the three-stage aerobic reaction tank before the coagulation reaction, and further aerobic reaction with the wastewater in the tank.
本发明中采用低温厌氧反应菌种及反应系统、多级兼氧好氧反应体系进行废水处理，运行稳定性高，具有很强的抗冲击负荷的能力，处理效率高，一般COD出水标准为100mg/L，本工艺出水COD仅为40mg/L，可直接中水回用，达到废水的零排放，污泥量少，简单实用，运行管理和操作方便，电耗、药耗小，运转费用低，造价一般。而厌氧发酵产生的甲烷气燃烧用于加热反应器，进行二次能源利用，能源的循环利用进一步降低了运转费用。In the present invention, low-temperature anaerobic reaction strains and reaction systems, and multi-stage facultative aerobic reaction systems are used for wastewater treatment, with high operational stability, strong resistance to impact loads, and high treatment efficiency. The general COD effluent standard is 100mg/L, the effluent COD of this process is only 40mg/L, which can be directly reused as reclaimed water to achieve zero discharge of waste water, less sludge, simple and practical, convenient operation management and operation, low power consumption and chemical consumption, and low operating costs Low, average cost. The methane gas generated by anaerobic fermentation is used to heat the reactor for secondary energy utilization, and the recycling of energy further reduces operating costs.
(四)附图说明(4) Description of drawings
图1为本发明的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.
(五)具体实施方式(5) Specific implementation methods
下面结合实施例描述本发明的处理过程：Describe the processing procedure of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
实施例1Example 1
(1)调酸(1) Acid adjustment
将从集水井出来的葡萄酒废水，用氢氧化钠调节pH值到6.5；Adjust the pH value of the wine wastewater from the water collection well to 6.5 with sodium hydroxide;
(2)固液分离(2) Solid-liquid separation
将调酸后的废水打入固液分离器，去除固体颗粒，滤液进入调节池；Put the acid-adjusted waste water into the solid-liquid separator to remove solid particles, and the filtrate enters the regulating tank;
(3)预酸化处理(3) Pre-acidification treatment
将调节池内的废水打入预酸化罐预酸化处理，预酸化的作用是对那些难降解的有机污染物进行预酸化处理，便于更大程度的去除有机污染物；当预酸化罐内废水的有机物含量偏高时，将厌氧反应器排出的部分污水送回预酸化罐进行缓和，然后在循环泵的作用下，再将预酸化罐的废水送回厌氧反应器进行厌氧反应；Put the wastewater in the regulating tank into the pre-acidification tank for pre-acidification treatment. The function of pre-acidification is to perform pre-acidification treatment on those refractory organic pollutants to facilitate the removal of organic pollutants to a greater extent; when the organic matter in the wastewater in the pre-acidification tank When the content is too high, send part of the sewage discharged from the anaerobic reactor back to the pre-acidification tank for mitigation, and then under the action of the circulating pump, send the wastewater from the pre-acidification tank back to the anaerobic reactor for anaerobic reaction;
(4)厌氧反应(4) Anaerobic reaction
将预酸化处理的废水送入厌氧反应器，在反应器启动前添加含耐低温的微生物菌种的厌氧颗粒污泥，添加量占反应器有效容积的5/12，反应温度在14摄氏度，厌氧反应产生的沼气经气水分离、脱硫、脱水后产生的沼气燃烧自加热厌氧反应技术和装置；Send the pre-acidified wastewater into the anaerobic reactor, add anaerobic granular sludge containing low-temperature resistant microbial strains before the reactor starts, the amount added accounts for 5/12 of the effective volume of the reactor, and the reaction temperature is 14 degrees Celsius , self-heating anaerobic reaction technology and device for biogas generated by anaerobic reaction after gas-water separation, desulfurization, and dehydration;
(5)三段生物反应(5) Three-stage biological reaction
将经过厌氧反应的废水送入三段生物反应池，每一段分别包含单独的兼氧和好氧反应单元、单独的废水和菌种回流系统，依次经过三段的多级兼氧和好氧反应；The wastewater that has undergone anaerobic reaction is sent to the three-stage biological reaction tank, each section contains a separate facultative and aerobic reaction unit, a separate wastewater and strain return system, and passes through three stages of multi-stage facultative and aerobic reaction units in turn. reaction;
(6)沉淀处理(6) Precipitation treatment
将经过好氧反应的废水通入沉淀池进行沉淀，将沉淀池内的污泥在进入下道工序之前送回三段好氧反应池，和池内的废水进一步好氧反应；Pass the waste water after aerobic reaction into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and send the sludge in the sedimentation tank back to the three-stage aerobic reaction tank before entering the next process, and further aerobic reaction with the waste water in the tank;
(7)混凝反应(7) coagulation reaction
对经过沉淀后的废水进行混凝反应，按每吨废水投入固体聚合氯化铝8克或液体聚合氯化铝40克；Carry out coagulation reaction to the waste water after precipitation, put 8 grams of solid polyaluminum chloride or 40 grams of liquid polyaluminum chloride into per ton of waste water;
(8)砂滤、消毒及排放(8) Sand filtration, disinfection and discharge
向经过混凝反应的废水中投入石英砂填料，进行砂滤，然后采用二氧化氯消毒；Put quartz sand filler into the waste water after coagulation reaction, perform sand filtration, and then disinfect with chlorine dioxide;
(9)污泥处理(9) Sludge treatment
将从调节池、厌氧反应器、沉淀池及混凝沉淀出来的污泥通入加药池，加药池中的聚合氯化铝的用量为污泥的0.05％、聚丙烯酰胺用量为污泥的0.01％，然后用压滤机脱水，最后排放。The sludge from the adjustment tank, anaerobic reactor, sedimentation tank and coagulation sedimentation is passed into the dosing tank, the dosage of polyaluminum chloride in the dosing tank is 0.05% of the sludge, and the dosage of polyacrylamide is 0.5% of the sludge. 0.01% of the mud, then dehydrated with a filter press, and finally discharged.
实施例2Example 2
(1)调酸(1) Acid adjustment
将从集水井出来的葡萄酒废水，用氢氧化钠调节pH值到7.5；Adjust the pH value of the wine wastewater from the water collection well to 7.5 with sodium hydroxide;
(2)固液分离(2) Solid-liquid separation
将调酸后的废水打入固液分离器，去除固体颗粒，滤液进入调节池；Put the acid-adjusted waste water into the solid-liquid separator to remove solid particles, and the filtrate enters the regulating tank;
(3)预酸化处理(3) Pre-acidification treatment
将调节池内的废水打入预酸化罐预酸化处理，预酸化的作用是对那些难降解的有机污染物进行预酸化处理，便于更大程度的去除有机污染物；当预酸化罐内废水的有机物含量偏高时，将厌氧反应器排出的部分污水送回预酸化罐进行缓和，然后在循环泵的作用下，再将预酸化罐的废水送回厌氧反应器进行厌氧反应；Put the wastewater in the regulating tank into the pre-acidification tank for pre-acidification treatment. The function of pre-acidification is to perform pre-acidification treatment on those refractory organic pollutants to facilitate the removal of organic pollutants to a greater extent; when the organic matter in the wastewater in the pre-acidification tank When the content is too high, send part of the sewage discharged from the anaerobic reactor back to the pre-acidification tank for mitigation, and then under the action of the circulating pump, send the wastewater from the pre-acidification tank back to the anaerobic reactor for anaerobic reaction;
(4)厌氧反应(4) Anaerobic reaction
将预酸化处理的废水送入厌氧反应器，在反应器启动前添加含耐低温的微生物菌种的厌氧颗粒污泥，添加量占反应器有效容积的1/3，反应温度在20摄氏度之间，厌氧反应产生的沼气经气水分离、脱硫、脱水后产生的沼气燃烧自加热厌氧反应技术和装置；Send the pre-acidified wastewater into the anaerobic reactor, add anaerobic granular sludge containing low-temperature resistant microbial strains before the reactor starts, the amount added accounts for 1/3 of the effective volume of the reactor, and the reaction temperature is 20 degrees Celsius Among them, the biogas produced by anaerobic reaction undergoes gas-water separation, desulfurization, and dehydration, and the biogas combustion self-heating anaerobic reaction technology and device;
(5)三段生物反应(5) Three-stage biological reaction
将经过厌氧反应的废水送入三段生物反应池，每一段分别包含单独的兼氧和好氧反应单元、单独的废水和菌种回流系统，依次经过三段的多级兼氧和好氧反应；The wastewater that has undergone anaerobic reaction is sent to the three-stage biological reaction tank, each section contains a separate facultative and aerobic reaction unit, a separate wastewater and strain return system, and passes through three stages of multi-stage facultative and aerobic reaction units in turn. reaction;
(6)沉淀处理(6) Precipitation treatment
将经过好氧反应的废水通入沉淀池进行沉淀，将沉淀池内的污泥在进入下道工序之前送回三段好氧反应池，和池内的废水进一步好氧反应；Pass the waste water after aerobic reaction into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and send the sludge in the sedimentation tank back to the three-stage aerobic reaction tank before entering the next process, and further aerobic reaction with the waste water in the tank;
(7)混凝反应(7) coagulation reaction
对经过沉淀后的废水进行混凝反应，按每吨废水投入固体聚合氯化铝1克或液体聚合氯化铝3克；Carry out coagulation reaction to the wastewater after precipitation, and put 1 gram of solid polyaluminum chloride or 3 grams of liquid polyaluminum chloride into each ton of waste water;
(8)砂滤、消毒及排放(8) Sand filtration, disinfection and discharge
向经过混凝反应的废水中投入石英砂填料，进行砂滤，然后采用二氧化氯消毒；Put quartz sand filler into the waste water after coagulation reaction, perform sand filtration, and then disinfect with chlorine dioxide;
(9)污泥处理将从调节池、厌氧反应器、沉淀池及混凝沉淀出来的污泥通入加药池，加药池中的聚合氯化铝的用量为污泥的0.05％、聚丙烯酰胺用量为污泥的0.01％，然后用压滤机脱水，最后排放。(9) Sludge treatment Lead the sludge from regulating tank, anaerobic reactor, settling tank and coagulation sedimentation into the dosing tank, and the consumption of polyaluminum chloride in the dosing tank is 0.05% of the sludge, The dosage of polyacrylamide is 0.01% of the sludge, and then dehydrated with a filter press, and finally discharged.
实施例3Example 3
(1)调酸(1) Acid adjustment
将从集水井出来的葡萄酒废水，用氢氧化钠调节pH值到7；Adjust the pH value of the wine wastewater from the water collection well to 7 with sodium hydroxide;
(2)固液分离(2) Solid-liquid separation
将调酸后的废水打入固液分离器，去除固体颗粒，滤液进入调节池；Put the acid-adjusted waste water into the solid-liquid separator to remove solid particles, and the filtrate enters the regulating tank;
(3)预酸化处理(3) Pre-acidification treatment
将调节池内的废水打入预酸化罐预酸化处理，预酸化的作用是对那些难降解的有机污染物进行预酸化处理，便于更大程度的去除有机污染物；当预酸化罐内废水的有机物含量偏高时，将厌氧反应器排出的部分污水送回预酸化罐进行缓和，然后在循环泵的作用下，再将预酸化罐的废水送回厌氧反应器进行厌氧反应；Put the wastewater in the regulating tank into the pre-acidification tank for pre-acidification treatment. The function of pre-acidification is to perform pre-acidification treatment on those refractory organic pollutants to facilitate the removal of organic pollutants to a greater extent; when the organic matter in the wastewater in the pre-acidification tank When the content is too high, send part of the sewage discharged from the anaerobic reactor back to the pre-acidification tank for mitigation, and then under the action of the circulating pump, send the wastewater from the pre-acidification tank back to the anaerobic reactor for anaerobic reaction;
(4)厌氧反应(4) Anaerobic reaction
将预酸化处理的废水送入厌氧反应器，在反应器启动前添加含耐低温的微生物菌种的厌氧颗粒污泥，添加量占反应器有效容积的1/2，反应温度在17摄氏度，厌氧反应产生的沼气经气水分离、脱硫、脱水后产生的沼气燃烧自加热厌氧反应技术和装置；Send the pre-acidified wastewater into the anaerobic reactor, add anaerobic granular sludge containing low-temperature-resistant microbial strains before the reactor starts, the amount added accounts for 1/2 of the effective volume of the reactor, and the reaction temperature is 17 degrees Celsius , self-heating anaerobic reaction technology and device for biogas generated by anaerobic reaction after gas-water separation, desulfurization, and dehydration;
(5)三段生物反应(5) Three-stage biological reaction
将经过厌氧反应的废水送入三段生物反应池，每一段分别包含单独的兼氧和好氧反应单元、单独的废水和菌种回流系统，依次经过三段的多级兼氧和好氧反应；The wastewater that has undergone anaerobic reaction is sent to the three-stage biological reaction tank, each section contains a separate facultative and aerobic reaction unit, a separate wastewater and strain return system, and passes through three stages of multi-stage facultative and aerobic reaction units in turn. reaction;
(6)沉淀处理(6) Precipitation treatment
将经过好氧反应的废水通入沉淀池进行沉淀，将沉淀池内的污泥在进入下道工序之前送回三段好氧反应池，和池内的废水进一步好氧反应；Pass the waste water after aerobic reaction into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and send the sludge in the sedimentation tank back to the three-stage aerobic reaction tank before entering the next process, and further aerobic reaction with the waste water in the tank;
(7)混凝反应(7) coagulation reaction
对经过沉淀后的废水进行混凝反应，按每吨废水投入固体聚合氯化铝15克或液体聚合氯化铝21克；Carry out coagulation reaction to the wastewater after precipitation, put into 15 grams of solid polyaluminum chloride or 21 grams of liquid polyaluminium chloride per ton of waste water;
(8)砂滤、消毒及排放(8) Sand filtration, disinfection and discharge
向经过混凝反应的废水中投入石英砂填料，进行砂滤，然后采用二氧化氯消毒；Put quartz sand filler into the waste water after coagulation reaction, perform sand filtration, and then disinfect with chlorine dioxide;
(9)污泥处理(9) Sludge treatment
将从调节池、厌氧反应器、沉淀池及混凝沉淀出来的污泥通入加药池，加药池中的聚合氯化铝的用量为污泥的0.05％、聚丙烯酰胺用量为污泥的0.01％，然后用压滤机脱水，最后排放。The sludge from the adjustment tank, anaerobic reactor, sedimentation tank and coagulation sedimentation is passed into the dosing tank, the dosage of polyaluminum chloride in the dosing tank is 0.05% of the sludge, and the dosage of polyacrylamide is 0.5% of the sludge. 0.01% of the mud, then dehydrated with a filter press, and finally discharged.
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| CN102557357B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-04-02 | 东莞理工学院 | Treatment method and treatment system for soy sauce brewing industrial wastewater |
| CN102659281B (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2014-07-09 | 重庆晨鸣水处理设备有限公司 | Treatment method of liquor production wastewater |
| CN102659285B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-10-30 | 重庆晨鸣水处理设备有限公司 | Integrated white wine production waste water treatment device |
| CN104261621A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 四川维尔仕生物科技有限公司 | Resveratrol sewage treatment process |
| CN111675326B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江海元环境科技有限公司 | High-concentration biological enrichment reactor and method for treating manual yellow wine wastewater by using same |
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| CN1040971A (en) * | 1989-06-21 | 1990-04-04 | 成都环保建设工程技术设备公司 | Process for treatment of waste water from distillers ' grains |
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| CN1271692A (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-01 | 辽宁中绿环境工程有限公司 | Process for treating high-concentration sewage |
| US20060163156A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Aquatech, Ltd. | Degradation treatment process and system for organics in organically-polluted water |
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| CN1040971A (en) * | 1989-06-21 | 1990-04-04 | 成都环保建设工程技术设备公司 | Process for treatment of waste water from distillers ' grains |
| CN1128736A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1996-08-14 | 济南啤酒(集团)股份有限公司白马山啤酒厂 | Process for treatment and reuse of wastewater from brewery |
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| US20060163156A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Aquatech, Ltd. | Degradation treatment process and system for organics in organically-polluted water |
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