CN101247812A - 巴柳氮制剂及其生产和应用 - Google Patents
巴柳氮制剂及其生产和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101247812A CN101247812A CNA2006800308092A CN200680030809A CN101247812A CN 101247812 A CN101247812 A CN 101247812A CN A2006800308092 A CNA2006800308092 A CN A2006800308092A CN 200680030809 A CN200680030809 A CN 200680030809A CN 101247812 A CN101247812 A CN 101247812A
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- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutical preparation
- balsalazide
- powders
- mixture
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种巴柳氮的制剂和剂量时间表。本发明进一步涉及制备巴柳氮的药物制剂的方法。
Description
背景技术
巴柳氮是一种非甾族、消炎的氨基水杨酸酯衍生物,其用于治疗胃肠疾病,例如活性溃疡结肠炎、结肠癌和克罗恩氏病。可以参见例如WO95/18622、US6197341和US6326364,其通过引用,全部引入本文中。
巴柳氮的一个缺陷在于相对大的剂量,这使得其难以在单一剂量中给药。巴柳氮还是深色的,由于其会污染口腔,因此以溶液形式给药存在缺陷。为了顺从的原因,将要被病人每天吞咽的大量胶囊必须尽可能地小。
目前,巴柳氮被每天给药3次,每次3颗胶囊。因此,患者顺从性是一个问题。在现有技术中需要更方便地将巴柳氮给药,需要减少每天给药的次数。因此,在现有技术中还需要新的制备巴柳氮的方法,以适应更方便的剂量时间表。
发明概述
本申请中所述的是能适应目前工业需要的巴柳氮的新制备方法和给药时间表,其用于更方便的给药,还能减少处理患者所需巴柳氮的量。
根据一个方面,本申请示出的是一种用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂,其包括每天约6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量。
根据一个方面,示出的是一种用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂,其包括每天约6.6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量。
在一个实施方式中,所述的两个每日剂量每个包括约3.3g。
在另一个实施方式中,所述的胃肠疾病是胃肠细菌感染、细菌过度繁殖、直肠炎或结肠癌中的一种或多种。
根据另一个实施方式,所述的药物制剂为可注射液体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
根据一个实施方式,本申请示出的药物制剂可以进一步包括赋形剂(例如羟丙甲纤维素、硬脂酸镁和Opadry II黄)。在相关的实施方式中,制剂包含占制剂总重量的约1~约5%的羟丙甲纤维素。在另一个相关实施方式中,制剂包括占制剂总重量约0.5%~2.5%的硬脂酸镁。
根据一个实施方式,本申请示出的药物制剂可以进一步包括二氧化钛、聚葡萄糖、甘油三乙酸酯、聚乙二醇(macrogol)、D&C黄#10铝色淀或F D&C黄#6铝色淀。
根据另一个实施方式,本申请示出的药物制剂可以进一步包括涂料溶液。在一个相关实施方式中,涂料溶液包括羟丙甲纤维素和羟丙纤维素。
一种含有治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂的包装,其包含相当于每天约6g巴柳氮的两个每日剂量。
根据另一方面,本申请示出的是一种含有治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂的包装,其包含约3.3g每一种巴柳氮的两个每日剂量。在一个相关实施方式中,该包装可以进一步含有用于治疗一种或多种胃肠疾病的说明书。
根据一个实施方式,所述剂量为可注射液体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
根据一个方面,本申请还示出的是治疗胃肠疾病的方法,其包括以两个每日剂量每天向需要治疗胃肠疾病的患者给药约6g~约6.7g的巴柳氮。
在一个实施方式中,所述两个每日剂量每个为约3.3g。在一个相关实施方式中,所述的三个片剂每个包括约1100mg巴柳氮。在一个相关实施方式中,所述剂量是可注射液体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
根据一个方面,所述治疗方法可以进一步包括鉴定需要治疗一种或多种胃肠疾病或直肠炎的患者。
根据另一个方面,本申请示出的是制备胶囊的方法,包括:
将巴柳氮二钠和一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;
筛分颗粒;
将颗粒混合约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;和
将粉末混合物装入胶囊。
在一个实施方式中,将一种或多种赋形剂与巴柳氮混合并且所述赋形剂可以包含胶体二氧化硅或硬脂酸镁中的一种或多种。在一个相关实施方式中,所述赋形剂占颗粒重量的约2~约3%。在另一个实施方式中,所述筛分采用12目筛网。在另一个相关实施方式中,所述混合采用双锥体混合机进行。
根据一个实施方式,制备方法进一步包括将装入胶囊的粉末混合物抛光。
在一个实施方式中,将约700mg~约1200mg的粉末混合物装入胶囊。在另一个实施方式中,每一个胶囊含有772mg最终混合物。
根据另一个方面,本申请还示出的是用于溶解测试巴柳氮胶囊的方法,包括:
在溶解介质中搅拌巴柳氮胶囊;
过滤溶液以形成滤液;
采用滤液样品;和
稀释滤液。
在一个实施方式中,溶解介质包括50mM pH约为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液。在一个相关实施方式中,稀释滤液包括将2mL稀释在约98mL溶解介质中。在另一个相关实施方式中,搅拌在50rpm下进行。
根据另一个实施方式中,所述方法可以进一步包括分析稀释的滤液。
根据一个实施方式,本申请提供的是通过下列方法制备的巴柳氮药物制剂,所述方法包括将巴柳氮二钠进料粉末与一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;混合颗粒约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;以及将粉末混合物装入胶囊,其中将每天约6g的巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量给药。
根据一个实施方式,本申请提供的是通过下列方法制备的巴柳氮药物制剂所述方法包括将巴柳氮二钠与一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;混合颗粒约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;以及将粉末混合物装入胶囊,其中所述粉末混合物的平均粒径为约300~约675μm。
在一个实施方式中,所述方法进一步包括在混合前筛分颗粒。
在另一个实施方式中,所述进料粉末的平均粒径为约8~约30μm。
在一个实施方式中,所述粉末混合物的平均粒径为约300~约675μm。
在另一个实施方式中,所述粉末混合物的比表面积为约3500~约8500cm2/ml。
在一个实施方式中,所述粉末混合物的硬度(保持力)为约85~约90(60目)。
在另一个实施方式中,所述粉末混合物的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.67~约0.69g/cc。
在一个实施方式中,巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的20K压缩力为约1.28~约1.47g/cc。
在另一个实施方式中,巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.57~约0.63g/cc。
在一个实施方式中,巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的湿度为约0.10%~约0.15%。
在以下描述本发明的另一个实施方式。
附图说明
图1描述了制备巴柳氮胶囊的方法流程图。
图2描述了第一批药物物质(进料材料)的粒度分布。
图3描述了第二批药物物质(进料材料)的粒度分布。
图4描述了第三批药物物质(进料材料)的粒度分布。
图5描述了第四批药物物质(进料材料)的粒度分布。
图6描述了四批药物物质(进料材料)粒度分布的对比。
图7描述了三批药物物质(进料材料)粒度分布的对比。
图8描述了使用图7中描述的三批药物物质(进料材料)的三批药物制品的最终混合物的粒度分布对比。
发明详述
本申请中公开的巴柳氮和制剂的剂量方案提供无法预料的效果,这些效果对患者具有极大的重要性。含有较少巴柳氮的新剂量制剂比已知的制剂更安全,但本发明的剂量方案获得的症状缓解,尤其是腹部疼痛、浮肿和痉挛的减轻与每天给药三次的剂量方案基本相同,并且其中活性基本水平更高。如通过不利事件发生所测定的,本发明提供了更方便的制剂,降低了患者顺从的明显壁垒。与更频繁、更多药量给药相比,本发明剂量方案的另一个优点是其提供了更高的安全边界,这是由于其较低的药量。新的剂量制剂使得有必要重新制定包装巴柳氮的方法,因此本申请示出的是新的制备巴柳氮胶囊和片剂的方法。
新的制备巴柳氮产品方法的优点是由于其能使用来自具有不同粒度的一种以上的产品(例如API)的粉末混合物,并且混合而意外地具有相似的溶解曲线。
巴柳氮是一种前药,其会在结肠中被酶切割而产生马沙拉嗪(mesalamine)(5-氨基水杨酸)-一种消炎药。巴柳氮二钠的化学名是(E)-5-[[-4-[[(2-羧基乙基)氨基]羰基]苯基]偶氮]-2-羟基苯甲酸二钠盐二水合物。其结构式是C17H13N3O6Na2·2H2O,分子量为437.32。
巴柳氮二钠是稳定的、无味的、橙色到黄色的微晶粉末。其在水中自由地溶解并且是等渗的盐,在甲醇和乙醇中少量溶解,在所有其它的有机溶剂中基本上不溶。
巴柳氮二钠被完整地输送至结肠,在此,其被细菌偶氮还原而释放出等摩尔量分子治疗活性部分的马沙拉嗪以及4-氨基苯甲酰基-β-丙氨酸。对于活性疾病的治疗,目前的推荐剂量为6.75g/天,从而向结肠提供2.4g游离的5-氨基水杨酸。本申请示出的制剂有利之处在于可以向患者提供较少的巴柳氮。一旦给药,在巴柳氮二钠分解时,能释放出4-氨基苯甲酰基-β-丙氨酸。载体仅会被最少量地吸收且是非常惰性的。5-氨基水杨酸的活性机理是未知的,但显示出局部性的,而不是系统性的。伴随着慢性炎症肠疾病,花生四烯酸代谢物的粘膜产物通过环加氧酶途径,即前列腺素类化合物,以及通过脂加氧酶途径,即白三烯和二十碳四烯酸,会在患者内增加,5-氨基水杨酸可以通过在结肠中阻断花生四烯酸代谢物的产生而减轻炎症。
到达结肠后,细菌偶氮还原酶将化合物切割,从而释放出分子治疗活性部分的5-氨基水杨酸以及4-氨基苯甲酰基-β-丙氨酸。
如本申请中使用的,“治疗、防止或缓解胃肠疾病”是指本申请中描述的治疗剂,例如巴柳氮的预防用途,和其预防用途,在诊断胃肠疾病后的用途。
术语“患者”包括能患有胃肠疾病或其它能从本发明组合物的给药中获利的生物体,例如人类和非人类动物。优选的人类动物包括患有或倾向于患有胃肠疾病或如本申请所述相关状态的人类患者。本发明的术语“非人类动物”包括所有的脊椎动物,例如哺乳动物,如啮齿动物,比如老鼠,和非哺乳动物,例如非人类灵长类动物,如绵羊、狗、牛、小鸡、两栖动物、爬行动物等。制剂也可以用于兽医用途。包括本申请中所述的5-氨基水杨酸化合物的组合物也可以向非人类脊椎动物给药,这些动物包括,但不限于野生、驯养或农场动物。
如本申请中使用的用于“预测或诊断”的方法是指基于观察、测试或状况,对患者状况的临床或其它诊断。
如本申请中使用的“治疗有效量”是指在向细胞或患者给药一剂或多剂后,在患有这种病症的患者的存活或延长存活或舒适度方面比没有这样治疗所预期的有效的制剂量。术语“有效量”是指足以在患者中减少、减轻或改善胃肠疾病的症状或在在本申请中所述诊断测试中测量时,获得期望的生物学结果。
如本申请中使用的,“胃肠病症”是指并包括例如溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩氏病、急性肠综合症、结肠癌、细菌感染、细菌增生、和/或直肠炎(例如辐射导致的直肠炎)。
如本申请中使用的,“治疗”被定义为将治疗剂向患者施用或给药,或为了治疗、治愈、缓解、减轻、改变、救护、改善、提高或影响症状,将治疗剂向从患有胃肠病症,或存在患有胃肠病症风险的患者提取的分离组织或细胞线施用或给药。
药物制剂
在本申请中描述了巴柳氮的药物制剂。该制剂适用于治疗胃肠疾病,例如细菌感染或细菌增生,合适的非全身输送途径包括例如摄食性输送途径,其中巴柳氮通过经由口腔的自愿或强迫服用进行胃肠道或消化道。胃肠道器官包括食管、胃、大肠、小肠和直肠。本领域技术人员会注意到在非人类脊椎动物中,消化道可能包括瘤胃、嗉囊、食道、盲肠、或属于特有脊椎动物类的其它特殊器官。
适于口服给药的剂型可以被包衣而减轻或避免活性成分在胃肠道中降解。
药物制剂例如是片剂、囊片和胶囊的形式,其中含有约100mg~1400mg药物组合物(即巴柳氮和赋形剂),更优选含有约700mg~约1200mg组合物。本发明的特定单一单元剂型含有50、100、150、200、250、300、350、400、450、500、750、1000、1100、1200、1300、2000、2500、3000或3300mg活性成分。胶囊可以是任意尺寸的。标准尺寸的例子包括#000、#00、#0、#1、#2、#3、#4和#5。参见例如Remington’s Pharmaceutical Science,p1658-1659(Alfonso Gennaroed.,Mack Publishing Company,Easton Pa.,18th ed.,1990)本发明的优选胶囊尺寸为#00、#2或#4。
本发明的药物制剂和剂型优选含有少于全部组合物或剂型重量约75%的一种或多种赋形剂。本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂含有约0.1~约60重量%,优选约0.5~约10重量%,更优选为约3%的赋形剂。
赋形剂包括载体、稀释剂、填料、润滑剂、助流剂、湿润剂、乳化剂、着色剂和pH缓冲剂。本发明的一个实施方式的药物组合物包括巴柳氮、载体、稀释剂或填料。载体、稀释剂或填料优选为约0.1~约30重量%,更优选为约1~约5重量%。优选的药物组合物进一步包括润滑剂、助流剂,其量为约0.01~约4重量%,更优选为约0.1~约1重量%。在另一个实施方式中,组合物进一步包括崩解剂,其量优选为约1~约8重量%,更优选为约1~约3重量%。
适用于药物组合物和制剂的载体、稀释剂和填料包括,但不限于碳酸钙、磷酸钙、二碱价磷酸钙、三碱价硫酸钙、羧基甲基纤维素钙、纤维素、纤维素(例如微晶纤维素、硅酸化微晶纤维素和纤维素乙酸酯)、dextrate、糊精、葡萄糖(glucose)、果糖、乳糖醇、乳糖、碳酸镁、氧化镁、羟丙甲纤维素、麦芽糖醇、麦芽糊精(maltodextine)、麦芽糖、聚葡萄糖、山梨糖醇、淀粉(例如预明胶化淀粉)、蔗糖、糖和木糖醇。预明胶化淀粉的一个例子是SPRESS B-820。微晶纤维素的优选例包括,但不限于出售的材料,如AVICEL-PH-101、AVICEL-PH-103 AVICELRC-581、AVICEL-PH-105(有FMC Corporation,Amercian ViscoseDivision,Avicel Sales,Marcus Hook,Pa.),PROSOLV SMCC 90HD(Penwest,Patterson,N.Y.)及其混合物。载体、稀释剂和填料还可以以预混合物的形式使用。可以用于本发明药物组合物和剂型的润滑剂包括,但不限于琼脂、硬脂酸钙、油酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、甘油、棕榈酸硬脂酸甘油酯、氢化植物油(例如玉米油、棉籽油、橄榄油、花生油、芝麻油、大豆油和向日葵油)、聚乙二醇、氧化镁、硬脂酸镁、甘露糖醇、泊洛沙姆、二醇(例如聚乙二醇)、苯甲酸钠、月桂基硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠、山梨糖醇、硬脂酸、滑石、甘油醋酸酯、硬脂酸锌及其混合物。助流剂包括例如胶体二氧化硅、合成二氧化硅胶体二氧化硅的凝固气溶胶、三硅酸镁、粉末纤维素、热解二氧化硅制品(例如Boston,Mass.的Cabot Co.出售的CAB-O-SIL)、淀粉、syloid二氧化硅凝胶(例如AEROSIL200,由Baltimore,Md.的W.R.Grace Co.制备)、滑石、三碱价磷酸钙及其混合物。如果使用,润滑剂的使用量通常小于包括它们的药物组合物或剂型重量的约1%。
着色剂可以包括例如D&C黄#10铝色淀和/或FD&C黄#6铝色淀。
可以将崩解剂用于组合物中以提供当暴露于含水环境时能崩解的片剂。含有过多崩解剂的片剂在贮藏时会发生崩解,但含有过少崩解剂的片剂无法以期望的速率崩解或在期望的环境下无法崩解。因此,崩解剂的足够量是既不过多,也不过少而不利地改变用于形成本发明组合物的活性成分的释放。崩解剂的使用量可以基于制剂的类型而进行改变,并且本领域普通技术人员能容易地获知。可以用于本发明药物组合物和剂型的崩解剂包括,但不限于琼脂、褐藻胶(例如褐藻酸)、碳酸钙、羧基甲基纤维素、纤维素(例如羟基丙基纤维素、微晶纤维素和硅酸化微晶纤维素)、粘土、胶体二氧化硅、交联的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、树胶、硅铝酸钠、甲基纤维素、波拉克林钠、藻酸钠、乙醇酸淀粉钠、淀粉(预明胶化的淀粉、土豆淀粉和木薯淀粉)和它们的混合物。
适于给药的本发明药物组合物可以是分散剂型,例如胶囊(例如胶囊锭)、囊片、片剂、锭剂、糖锭、分散体、栓剂,其分别含有预定量的活性成分,该活性成分为粉末、颗粒、溶液、在水性液体或非水性液体中的悬浮液、水包油乳液或油包水液体乳液的形式。由于它们易于给药,因此片剂、囊片和胶囊是优选的口服剂型单元形式。
片剂可以通过任选地与一种或多种辅助成分挤压或模压而制造。挤压片剂可以使用粘合剂(例如明胶或羟基丙基甲基纤维素)、润滑剂、惰性稀释剂、防腐剂、崩解剂(例如乙醇酸淀粉钠或交联羧基甲基纤维素钠)、表面活性剂或分散剂来制备。模压片剂可以在适合的机器中,将用惰性液体稀释剂湿润的粉末化合物模压而制备。
片剂和本发明药物组合物的其它固体剂型,例如糖衣丸、胶囊、丸剂和颗粒剂,可以任选地采用包衣或外壳获得或制备,例如采用药物制剂领域中公知的肠包衣和其它包衣。其可以进行配制,使能减慢或控制活性成分在使用中的释放,例如,改变比例的羟基丙基甲基纤维素能提供期望的释放曲线,其它的聚合物材料、脂质体和/或微球体。其可以通过如下方式进行无菌化,例如,通过截留细菌的过滤器进行过滤,或通过引入灭菌剂进行,该灭菌剂为在使用前能迅速地溶解在无菌水或其它无菌注射介质的无菌固体组合物。这些组合物可以任选含有乳浊剂并可以形成如下的组合物:其仅释放活性成分或优选在胃肠道的某特定部分,任选以延迟的方式释放活性成分。可以使用的包含的组合物例子包括聚合物物质和蜡。活性成分还可以为微胶囊形式,如果合适,具有一种或多种上述赋形剂。
本申请示出,与目前已经批准的750mg/胶囊的剂量浓度/剂相比,在一个用于巴柳氮二钠的改变片剂剂型中,含有1.1g巴柳氮二钠/片剂。用于Colazal(巴柳氮二钠)胶囊(NDA 20-610)在2000.07.18由FDA批准用于温和治疗溃疡性结肠炎,使用的剂量和服用方法为每天三次,每次三粒750mgColazal胶囊(6.75g/天),持续8周。本申请示出的服用方法是每天两次,每次三片巴柳氮片(1.1g/片)(6.6g/天)。治疗周期可以为1天~15周,1~9周,或例如6周。
对于例如溃疡性结肠炎的治疗效果可以通过修改的Mayo疾病活性指数(MMDAI)的直肠出血扩散测定,其中,临床改进被定义为比MMDAI中的基线降低3点。此外,单剂量食用效果研究也可以用于确认效果。
根据本发明的单元制剂优选提供了包衣,优选是抗唾液的,任选为肠衣的包衣的。包衣优选含有4~8重量%,更优选约6%的单元制剂。包衣优选为含有聚合物(例如羟基丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、聚丙烯酸酯甲酯(例如Eudragit E、Eudragit L、Eudragit S或乙基纤维素)、增塑剂(例如PEG、丙二醇、甘油和其酯或邻苯二甲酸酯))和/或着色剂,例如水不溶性颜料的薄膜。
优选的药物制剂包括两个每日剂量,每天约6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物。更优选的剂型包括两个每日剂量,每天约6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物,其中,每日2次的剂量包括每次约3.3g。每日2次的剂量可以以3片的形式给药。
除了巴柳氮以外,本申请提供的制剂可以进一步包括羟丙甲纤维素、硬脂酸镁和Opadry II黄中的一种或多种。羟丙甲纤维素可以占制剂总重量的约1~约5重量%,硬脂酸镁可以占制剂总重量的约0.5~约2.5重量%。该制剂可以进一步包括二氧化钛、聚葡萄糖、三醋精、聚乙二醇、D&C黄#10铝色淀或F D&C黄#6铝色淀以及涂料溶液(例如羟丙甲纤维素和羟基丙基纤维素)中的一种或多种。
表1示出了例示性的巴柳氮制剂:
成分 | mg/片 |
巴柳氮二钠,二水合物 | 1100 |
羟丙甲纤维素 | 36 |
硬脂酸镁(植物来源) | 17 |
Opadry II黄(#Y-22-12553) | 35 |
羟丙甲纤维素 | |
二氧化钛 | |
聚葡萄糖 | |
三醋精 | |
聚乙二醇 | |
D&C黄#10铝色淀 | |
F D&C黄#6铝色淀 | |
涂料溶液 | 4.3 |
羟丙甲纤维素 | |
羟基丙基纤维素 |
本发明的药物组合物和剂型还可以含有一种或多种第二活性成分或可以与第二活性成分共给药。第二活性成分的例子包括,但不限于抗癌药物、消炎剂(类固醇或非类固醇药物制剂)和/或防呕吐剂。
有效的非类固醇消炎剂包括,但不限于阿司匹林、布洛芬、双氯芬酸、萘普生、苯洛芬、艾氟洛芬、非诺洛芬、flubufen、酮洛芬、吲哚洛芬、piroprofen、卡洛芬、奥沙普秦、pramoprofen、muroprofen、trioxaprofen、舒洛芬、aminoprofen、噻洛芬酸、氟洛芬、布氯酸、吲哚美辛、舒林酸、托美丁、佐美酸、硫平酸、齐多美辛、阿西美辛、芬替酸、环氯茚酸、oxpinac、甲芬那酸、甲氯芬那酸、氟芬那酸、尼氟酸、托芬那酸、diflurisal、氟苯柳、吡罗昔康、舒多昔康、伊索昔康、水杨酸衍生物类、包括阿司匹林、水杨酸钠、胆碱镁、三水杨酸酯、双水杨酯、二氟尼柳、水杨基水杨酸、柳氮磺吡啶和奥沙拉秦;对氨基苯酚衍生物类,包括对乙酰氨基酚、非那西丁;吲哚和茚乙酸类,包括吲哚美辛、舒林酸和依托度酸;杂酰基乙酸类,包括托美丁、双氯芬酸和酮咯酸;邻氨基苯甲酸类(芬那酯),包括甲芬那酸和甲氯芬那酸;烯醇酸类,包括昔康(吡罗昔康、替诺昔康)和吡唑烷酮类(苯基丁氮酮、oxyphenthartazone);和链烷酮类包括萘丁美酮及其药学上可接受的盐和其混合物。对于NSAIDs的更详细描述,参见PaulA.Insel,Anagesic-Antipyretic and Antiinflammatory Agents and DrugsEmployed in the Treatment of Gout,in th Goodman&Gilman’sThePharmacological Basis of Therapeutics6 17-57(Perry B.Molomhoffand Raymond W.Ruddon eds.,9th ed 1996)和Glen R.Hanson,Analgesic,Analgesic,Antipyretic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Remington:TheScience and Practice of Pharmacy Vol II 1196-1221(A.R.Gennaro ed.19thed.1995),其通过引用整体引入本申请中。
其它第二活性成分可以包括,但不限于免疫调节剂,消炎剂(例如肾上腺类固醇类、皮质类固醇类(例如倍氯米松、布地奈德、氟尼缩松、氟替卡松、曲安西龙、甲泼尼龙、泼尼松龙、泼尼松、氢化可的松)、糖皮质激素类、类固醇类、非类固醇消炎药(例如阿司匹林、布洛芬、双氯芬酸和COX-2抑制剂)和leukotreine拮抗剂(例如孟鲁司特、甲基黄嘌呤类、扎鲁司特和齐留通)、β2-促效剂(例如沙丁胺醇(albuterol)、biterol、非诺特罗、isoetharie、奥西那林、吡布特罗、沙丁胺醇(salbutamol)、特布他林、福莫特罗、沙美特罗、和沙丁胺醇(salbutamol)特布他林)、抗类胆碱剂(例如异丙托溴铵和氧托溴铵)、柳氮磺吡啶、青霉胺、氨苯砜、抗组胺剂类、抗疟剂类(例如羟化氯喹)、抗病毒剂和抗生素类(例如放线菌素(正式地为actinomycin)、博来霉素、红霉素、青霉素、普卡霉素、安曲霉素(AMC)))和抗癌药。
抗癌药的例子包括例如阿西维辛、阿柔比星、阿考达唑盐酸盐、阿克罗宁、阿多来新、阿地白介素、六甲蜜胺、安波霉素、阿美蒽醌乙酸盐、氨鲁米特、安吖啶、阿那曲唑、安曲霉素、门冬酰胺酶、曲林菌素、阿扎胞苷、阿扎替派、阿佐霉素、巴马司他、苯佐替派、比卡鲁胺、比生群盐酸盐、双奈法德二甲磺酸盐、比折来新、博来霉素硫酸盐、布喹那钠、溴匹立明、白消安、放线菌素、卡普睾酮、卡醋胺、卡贝替姆、卡铂、卡莫司汀、卡柔比星盐酸盐、卡折来新、西地芬戈、苯丁酸氮芥、西罗霉素、顺铂、克拉屈滨、crisnatol甲磺酸盐、环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷、达卡巴嗪、放线菌素D、柔红霉素盐酸盐、地西他滨、右奥马铂、地扎胍宁、地扎胍宁甲磺酸盐、达佐霉素、依达曲沙、eflomithine盐酸盐、依沙芦星、恩洛铂、恩普氨酯、依匹哌啶、表柔比星盐酸盐、厄布洛唑、吉西他滨、吉西他滨盐酸盐、羟基脲、伊达比星盐酸盐、异环磷酰胺、伊莫福新、白介素II(包括重组白介素II或II2)、干扰素α-2a、干扰素α-2b、干扰素α-n1、干扰素α-n3、干扰素β-Ia、干扰素γ-Ib、异丙铂、伊立替康盐酸盐、兰瑞肽乙酸盐、来曲唑、亮丙瑞林乙酸盐、利阿唑盐酸盐、洛美曲索钠、洛莫司汀、洛索蒽醌盐酸盐、马索罗酚、美诺立尔、巯嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤、甲氨蝶呤钠、metoprine、美妥替哌、米丁度胺、mitocarcin、米托洁林、米托马星、丝裂霉素、米托司培、卟吩姆钠、泊非霉素、泼尼莫司汀、丙卡巴肼盐酸盐、嘌罗霉素、嘌罗霉素盐酸盐、吡唑呋喃菌素、利波腺苷、罗谷亚胺、沙芬戈、沙芬戈盐酸盐、司莫司汀、辛曲秦、sparfosate钠、司帕霉素、锗螺胺盐酸盐、螺莫司汀、螺铂、链黑霉素、链佐星、磺氯苯脲、他利霉素、tecogalan钠、替加氟、替洛蒽醌盐酸盐、替莫泊芬、曲普瑞林、妥布氯唑盐酸盐、乌拉莫司汀、乌瑞替派、伐普肽、维替泊芬、长春碱硫酸盐、长春新碱硫酸盐、长春地辛、长春地辛硫酸盐、长春匹定硫酸盐、长春甘酯硫酸盐、长春罗新硫酸盐、长春瑞滨酒石酸盐、长春罗定硫酸盐、长春利定硫酸盐、伏氯唑、折尼铂、净司他丁、佐柔比星盐酸盐、端粒酶抑制剂、替莫泊芬、替莫唑胺、替尼泊苷、四氯十氧化物(tetrachlorodecaoxide)、tetrazomine、thaliblastine、thiocoraline、血小板生成素、拟血小板生成素、胸腺法新、胸腺生成素受体促效剂、胸腺曲南、甲状腺刺激激素、乙基初卟啉锡、替拉扎明、尿激酶受体拮抗剂、伐普肽、variolin B、载体体系、红血球基因治疗、维拉雷琐、藜芦胺、verdins、维替泊芬、长春瑞滨、vinxaltine、vitaxin、伏氯唑、扎诺特隆、折尼铂、亚苄维和净司他丁斯酯。
在联合治疗中,本发明的化合物和其它药物制剂可以通过常规方法向哺乳动物给药(例如人类,男性或女性)。该药物制剂可以以一个剂型或多个剂型给药。其它治疗剂的有效量对于本领域技术人员是公知的。然而,可以在本领域技术人员的观点下确定其它治疗剂的适合有效量的范围。在本发明的一个实施方式中,在将另一种治疗剂向动物给药中,本发明化合物的有效量小于在不给药其它治疗剂中它的有效量。在另一个实施方式中,常规药物制剂的有效量小于在不给药本发明化合物中它的有效量。在该方法中,可以减小伴随着高剂量的其它试剂导致的不期望的副效果。其它潜在的优点(包括没有限制的改进的服药方法和/或降低的药物成本)对本领域技术人员是显而易见的。
含有本申请公开的药物组合物或剂型的药物包装或试剂盒也被包含在本发明中。试剂盒的例子包括由政府机构规定的控制药物或生物制品的制造、使用或销售的注意事项,该注意事项反映了机构批准对人类的给药可以进行制造、使用或销售。
含有治疗胃肠疾病药物制剂的包装可以包括例如相当于每天约6g~约6.7g的巴柳氮,优选约6.6g的两个每日剂量。包装可以含有例如约3.3g每一种巴柳氮的两个每日剂量。
治疗方法
本申请中示出的治疗胃肠疾病的方法优于已知的方法。治疗方法可以以预防方式使用或在诊断后使用。对诊断(鉴定需要治疗的患者)方法已经进行了讨论,也在以下讨论了监护治疗。
本发明还包括减轻或防止伴随化疗或放疗导致的不利效果的方法,其包括向需要该治疗或防护的患者给药本发明的药物组合物或剂型,其量足以减轻化疗或放疗导致的不利效果。该实施方式包括使用药物组合物和剂型以保护或治疗使用化疗或放疗导致的不利效果,这包括提高患者对化疗或放疗的耐受力。
需要治疗、诊断和治疗监视的患者的鉴定可以通过本领域技术人员公知的方法测定,例如通过测定肠道中细菌过度繁殖。在胃肠道中存在的大量发酵细菌种类在特定糖的存在下会产生可探测量的氢或甲醇气体,该气体进入主体的血流并被呼出。这是肠道细菌细菌过度繁殖测定方法的基础,例如,但不限于乳果糖、葡萄糖或乳糖的呼吸氢测试(例如,P.Kerlin and L.Wong,Breath hydrogen testing in bacterial overgrowth ofthe small intestine,Gastroenterol.95(4):982-88[1988];A.Strocchi etal.,Detectioin of malabsorption of low doses of carbohydrate;accuracy ofvarious breath H2 criteria,Gastroenterol.105(5):1404-1410[1993])。
可替代地,胃肠道中的细菌过度繁殖通过在同位素标记糖给药后,测定13CO2或14CO2呼出来测定,该糖会被胃肠道细菌代谢,但不会被主体消化,例如,但不限于木糖或乳果糖。(例如,G.R.Swart and J.W.vanden Berg,13C breath test in gastrointestinal practice,Scand.J.Gastroenterol.[Suppl.]225:13-18[1998];C.E.King and P.P.Toskes,Breathtests in the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth,Crit.Rev.Lab.Sci.21(3):269-81[1984];C.S.Chang et al.,Increased accuracy of thecarbon-14D-xylose breath test in detecting small-intestinal bacterialovergrowth by correction with the gastric emptying rate,Eur.J.Nucl.Med.22(10):1118-22[1995];A.Schneider et al.,Value of the14C-D-xylose breath test in patients with intestinal bacterial overgrowth,Digestion 32(2):86-91[1985])。
来自任意身体部位或组织的直接胃肠取样或活组织检查还可以用于测定对细菌在胃肠道或其它身体部位或组织中繁殖的抑制。如本领域技术人员注意到的,在一定时间内的直接取样可以提供关于感兴趣的特定细菌种类繁殖的抑制,这是呼吸测试无法适合的。将试样稀释,并且细菌数量可以通过常规微生物方法确定,例如,但不限于菌落培养或最大可能数量(MPN)技术,或细菌细胞的直接计数。对于直接细菌细胞计数,可以任选用特定标记标记细胞,计数可以人工或通过装置完成,例如通过荧光活性细胞挑选(FACS)。
此外,细菌繁殖抑制的证据可以通过如下推断:医生在治疗人类或非人类脊椎动物患者中的细菌感染或肠细菌过度繁殖时,对将本发明抗微生物组合物给药所反应出的不同感染或过度繁殖相关症状改进的观察。
在根据本发明方法抑制的细菌种类中有专性厌氧菌,例如,但不限于梭菌类。本发明的特定优点在于5-氨基水杨酸是如下的一种抗微生物剂,其不会影响大量有益的共生的胃肠道细菌,但能选择性地抑制致病性的梭菌类物种,例如,但不限于产气荚膜梭菌、艰难梭菌、破伤风梭菌和肉毒梭菌。
患者还可以被自我鉴定或由治疗呼吸护理专业人员基于症状进行鉴定。
本申请提供的胃肠道疾病的治疗方法可以包括向需要的患者给药,两个每日剂量,每天约6g~6.7g的巴柳氮。两个每日剂量可以例如是每个剂量约3.3g。两个每日剂量可以包括每剂3片,其中,这3片每个包括约1100mg的巴柳氮。两个每日剂量可以不与或与食物或液体一起服用,并且可以间隔约1~23小时,优选间隔约4至约12小时。
巴柳氮片剂的制备方法
以下示出的是制备巴柳氮片剂例示性的方法:
初始称重
分配合适量的巴柳氮二钠和其它合适的赋形剂,例如羟丙甲纤维素和硬脂酸镁。
湿造粒
使用低剪切(卫星)混合器将巴柳氮二钠羟丙甲纤维素造粒。将湿颗粒在烘箱中托盘干燥至潮湿程度为约NMT2.0%。
碾磨
通过Fitzpatrick碾磨机去碾磨干燥的颗粒,该碾磨机装配了例如#2AA目不锈钢筛,刀以中速前进。
最终混合
在碾磨后,将紧密的颗粒装入V-混合器并与硬脂酸镁混合。
压缩
使用自动片剂压制机,最终混合物被压缩成1100mg的片剂。
片剂包衣
将压制的片剂包衣。
封装
将巴柳氮片剂封装入箔泡或HDPE瓶中。
制备巴柳氮胶囊的方法
以下示出的是制备巴柳氮胶囊例示性的方法:
750mg巴柳氮二钠胶囊是立即释放的药物制品。巴柳氮胶囊的制备方法包括将成分辊压缩、振动和混合而制备出最终混合物,其可以在限定填料重量范围内被装入胶囊,从而制备出均匀分布的巴柳氮二钠。
本申请中描述的巴柳氮胶囊包括活性药物成分巴柳氮二钠和(2)赋形剂。赋形剂占制剂的约1%~约5%,优选约2.84%。胶体二氧化硅可用于降低内部特定粘合力并提供流动性;硬脂酸镁部分作为润滑剂并且能帮助粉末流动而封入胶囊。一旦巴柳氮二钠被辊挤压和振动,其会与赋形剂在最终混合物中组合,完成复合过程。以下描述的该分步完成方法能确保在最终混合物装入硬明胶00胶囊中之前,可以将活性成分充分、均匀地混合。该方法包括将巴柳氮二钠和一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;筛分颗粒;将颗粒混合约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;以及将粉末混合物装入胶囊。可以任选对装入胶囊的粉末混合物在装入胶囊后进行清洁。适宜的胶囊清洁器包括例如Acta胶囊清洁器。
分配
称出巴柳氮二钠和赋形剂(例如胶体二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁)并将其移送至复合区域。
造粒
通过辊挤压将巴柳氮二钠造粒。通过水平螺旋钻,将巴柳氮二钠强迫进料至2个水平方向相反的辊鼓中。该挤压过程将药物成分转换为巴柳氮二钠的紧密颗粒条。颗粒化例如可以通过Fitzpatrick RollerCompactor完成。
调整尺寸
通过振荡器装置减小巴柳氮二钠紧密颗粒条的尺寸,例如使用12目不锈钢筛网得到均匀尺寸的颗粒。胶体二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁也可以通过12目不锈钢筛网过筛。其它适合的筛网包括11目筛网和13目筛网。用于筛分的振荡器包括例如具有#12目筛网的Colton摇振器#1。
混合
将上述筛过的胶体二氧化硅、硬脂酸镁和巴柳氮二钠颗粒移送至双圆锥混合器中并混合约15分钟~20分钟。适宜的混合包括例如Gemco双圆锥混合器。
装入胶囊
使用半自动化或全自动灌封器,将粉末混合物装入硬明胶00胶囊中。然后,在将填充的胶囊分散在发泡容器中之前进行清洁。适宜的半自动灌封器包括例如Parke Davis Type8。适宜的全自动灌封器包括例如Bosch 1500。
在制剂中,装入或挤压本申请所述的约700mg~约1200mg粉末混合物。每片和/或每胶囊优选约750mg~约1100mg。
以下,表2概括了根据本申请所述新方法的用于制备巴柳氮胶囊的例示性操作条件。
操作条件
操作参数 | 先前确定的操作范围 | 对于目前确认批次的目标设置 | 对于目前确认批次的实际范围 |
空气压力 | 30psi | 30psi | 30psi |
辊压力 | 800kp | 800kp | 800kp |
辊速 | 8-15rpm | 8-15rpm | 12.1-14.6rpm |
水平螺旋速度 | 17-30rpm | 17-30rpm | 26-30rpm |
垂直螺旋速度 | 300-400rpm | 300-400rpm | 365-375rpm |
辊缝隙 | 在设备上0.02-0.03 | 监视 | 0.070-0.203* |
振荡筛网 | #12目 | #12目 | #12目 |
混合时间 | 28-32分钟 | 20分钟 | 20分钟 |
混合速度 | 12rpm | 12rpm | 12rpm |
灌封器的环尺寸 | N/A | “00”环尺寸 | 00”环尺寸 |
灌封器速度 | 10rpm | 10rpm | 10rpm |
清洁速度 | 5-9rpm | 5-9rpm | 7rpm |
*在批次处理中辊缝隙的监视范围(每30分钟检查)
以下,表3概述了根据本申请所述方法制备胶囊的例示性过程中的混合确认结果。
测试 | 规范 | 测试结果 |
体积密度 | 记录信息 | 顶部0.57g/ml中段0.60g/ml底部0.60g/ml |
振实密度 | 0.83-0.93g/ml | 顶部0.86g/ml中段0.86g/ml底部0.86g/ml |
混合分析** | 95.0-105.0%RSD NMT 6.0 | 96-101%RSD=1.4 |
以下,表4概述了根据本申请所述方法制备胶囊的例示性最终产品的确认结果。
测试 | 规范 | 测试结果 |
胶囊重量 | 870mg-924mg | 顶端892mg中部891mg末端875mg |
分析 | 95.0-105.0% | 顶端100%中部99%末端97% |
重量变化(10个胶囊的范围) | 85-115%Per USP | 顶端98-103%中部95-105%末端95-104% |
溶解(6个胶囊平均) | 在30分钟内NLT Q+5%其中,Q=70% | 顶端101%中部100%末端98% |
溶解测试
本申请中还示出的是用于巴柳氮制剂溶解测试的新方法。以下,该方法在实施例中会进一步被示出。
用于巴柳氮胶囊溶解测试的方法包括:在溶解介质中搅拌根据本申请所述方法制备的巴柳氮胶囊;过滤溶液以形成滤液;采集滤液的样品;和稀释滤液。
溶解介质可以包括约40~约60mM的pH约6.2~7的磷酸盐缓冲液。优选溶解缓冲液为50mM的pH约6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液。
稀释滤液包括将约0.5mL~约4mL稀释在约25mL~约198mL溶解介质中。
稀释滤液的分析可以通过色度分析法、UV法、或其它本领域技术人员公知的方法进行。一种优选的方法是通过352mm的UV光度分光计进行。
巴柳氮的搅拌可以在约25~约75rpm下进行。优选搅拌在约50rpm下进行。
这些新的溶解测试方法是有利的,这是由于它们允许进行更高程度的区分。
实施例
需要注意的是本发明并不限定于现在描述的这些实施例;而是本发明包括任意和所有本文中提供的申请和本领域普通技术人员知道的等同变化。
实施例1
Colazal胶囊,750mg的溶解测试
材料
高纯度水(18MΩ电阻率或更高)
巴柳氮二钠参考标准
一碱价磷酸钠,ACS试剂级
10N氢氧化钠
Type 316不锈钢螺线罩,实验室质量附件,目录编号:CAPWHT-4SGelman尼龙过滤器,25mm,0.2μm孔径,Part编号4436TVankel 10-μm全流动过滤器,部件编号17-400
规格(参考目前USP第<171>章)
阶段1在30分钟后,每一个制剂单元必须不少于75%溶解(Q=70%)
阶段2在30分钟后,来自阶段1和阶段2的12个制剂单元平均必须不少于70%溶解。在30分钟后,每一个制剂单元必须不少于55%溶解。
阶段3在30分钟后,来自阶段1、2和3的24个制剂单元平均必须不少于70%溶解。在30分钟后,不超过2个制剂单元溶解少于55%。在30分钟后,没有一个制剂单元溶解少于45%。
溶解介质制剂(50mM磷酸盐缓冲液,pH6.8)
对于每升溶解介质的制备,在1000mL高纯度水中溶解6.8g一碱价磷酸钾并充分混合。用10N氢氧化钠将pH调整至6.8±0.05。对每6升制备的介质,通过氦喷射将溶解介质去气约15分钟。
巴柳氮二钠原料标准制剂(0.175mg/mL)
制备两份相同的储备标准溶液。对每一份制剂,将约35mg准确称重的巴柳氮二钠参考标准移送至200mL体积的烧瓶中。加入150mL溶解介质,旋转并声波处理以溶解烧瓶的内含物。用溶解介质稀释至体积并充分混合。原料标准制剂A应当被用于分析溶解试样。制剂B应当被用作标准的检测制剂。将储备标准制剂在室温和避光下保存,其能稳定存在4天。
巴柳氮二钠加工标准制剂(0.0175mg/mL)
对于每份储备标准制剂,将5.0mL储备溶液移至50mL体积的烧瓶中,用溶解介质稀释至体积并充分混合。将工作标准制剂在室温并避光下保存,其能稳定存在4天。
试样制剂
在下述列出的溶解条件下,使用USP装置2,在6个单独的胶囊上进行溶解测试。立刻使用0.2μm Gelman尼龙过滤器或10μm Vankel全流动过滤器过滤试样,抛弃最初的2mL试样。将2.0mL试样滤液移液至100mL体积的烧瓶中,用溶解介质稀释至体积并充分混合(名义浓度:0.017mg巴柳氮二钠/mL)。将试样制剂在室温和避光下保存,其能稳定存在4天。
溶解条件
装置: USP旋转桨(装置2)
试样尺寸:6个具有钻孔器的单独胶囊
温度: 37℃±0.5℃
搅拌速度:50rpm
介质: 900mL
牵引体积:10mL
取样时间:10、20和30分钟
步骤
使用处于352nm和1.0cm通路长度石英单元下的合适的UV分光光度计,获得溶解介质空白读数、五个平行测定标准读数和两个平行标准检测读数以证明系统的适合性(参见以下的系统适合性条件)。按照如下顺序分析标准物和试样,以能在每6个试样制剂读数后使用标准定标试验。试样只能读取一次。计算如下示出的巴柳氮二钠溶解的百分比(%LC)。报告各个结果并将全部数字平均。将%RSD报告到一个小数位。
系统适应性测试
通过分析获得的巴柳氮二钠吸收读数的相对标准偏差(RSD)不能超过2.0%。巴柳氮二钠标准物和标准无检测制剂必须在98.0~102.0%内一致。
计算
计算在每一个时间点(n)处测定的巴柳氮二钠的试样浓度(Ci):
其中:
Aspl=试样溶液的吸收度(AU)
Astd=通过分析获得的全部标准读数的平均吸收度(AU)
Wstd=标准物重量(mg)
Pstd=如分析证书设立的标准无的纯度因子(十进位)\
Vstd=原料标准溶液的体积(mL)
Dstd=工作标准溶液的稀释因子(mL/mL)
Dspl=工作试样溶液的稀释因子(mL/mL)
计算在每一个时间点时溶解的巴柳氮二钠的量:
其中
Ci=在时间点n时试样的浓度(mg/mL)
V=在测试开始,溶液容器中溶液介质的体积(mL)
Vr=在取样过程中在每一个时间点处移除的稀释介质的体积(mL)
n=时间点编号
LC=标记要求
100=转化为百分比
注意:只要计算是相同的,则计算结果的可替代方法是允许的。
实施例2
对于试样1的算术统计信息,图2进行了图示且对下述数据进行了列表,该算术统计信息描述了一批药物(进料物质)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征。该批次的粒度分布在图2中示出。
试样1:
光学模型: Fraunhofer.rfz
LS 200 小体积模块
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算
体积: 100%
平均值: 6.967μm
中值: 5.584μm
比表面积: 19389cm2/mL
%< 10 25 50 75 100
μm 1.266 2.82 75.58 49.624 43.67
表5
粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% |
0.375 | 0 | 2.66 | 33.01 | 99.97 | 0.030 |
0.656 | 2.66 | 6.09 | 57.77 | 100 | 0 |
1.149 | 8.74 | 8.50 | 101.1 | 100 | 0 |
2.011 | 17.2 | 14.4 | 176.9 | 100 | 0 |
3.519 | 31.6 | 22.8 | 309.6 | 100 | 0 |
6.158 | 54.5 | 25.3 | 541.9 | 100 | 0 |
10.78 | 79.8 | 15.8 | 948.3 | 100 | 0 |
18.86 | 95.6 | 4.34 | 1660 | 100 | 0 |
实施例3
对于试样2的算术统计信息,图3进行了图示且对下述数据进行了列表,该算术统计信息描述了一批药物(进料物质)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征。该批次的粒度分布在图3中示出。
试样2:
光学模型: Fraunhofer.rfz
LS 200 小体积模块
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算
体积: 100%
平均值: 6.503μm
中值: 5.044μm
比表面积: 20709cm2/mL
%< 10 25 50 75 100
μm 1.19 22.58 65.04 48.715 47.94
表6
粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% |
0.375 | 0 | 2.91 | 33.01 | 99.8 | 0.23 |
0.656 | 2.91 | 6.59 | 57.77 | 100 | 0 |
1.149 | 9.50 | 9.37 | 101.1 | 100 | 0 |
2.011 | 18.9 | 16.1 | 176.9 | 100 | 0 |
3.519 | 35.0 | 24.3 | 309.6 | 100 | 0 |
6.158 | 59.3 | 24.1 | 541.9 | 100 | 0 |
10.78 | 83.4 | 12.6 | 948.3 | 100 | 0 |
18.86 | 96.0 | 3.78 | 1660 | 100 | 0 |
实施例4
对于试样3的算术统计信息,图4进行了图示且对下述数据进行了列表,该算术统计信息描述了一批药物(进料物质)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征。该批次的粒度分布在图4中示出。
试样3:
光学模型: Fraunhofer.rfz
LS 200 小体积模块
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算
体积: 100%
平均值: 8.399μm
中值: 6.679μm
比表面积: 16802cm2/mL
%< 10 25 50 75 100
μm 1.498 3.385 6.679 11.50 63.41
表7
粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% |
0.375 | 0 | 2.13 | 33.01 | 99.2 | 0.79 |
0.656 | 2.13 | 4.92 | 57.77 | 99.997 | 0.0029 |
1.149 | 7.05 | 6.97 | 101.1 | 100 | 0 |
2.011 | 14.0 | 12.1 | 176.9 | 100 | 0 |
3.519 | 26.1 | 20.4 | 309.6 | 100 | 0 |
6.158 | 46.4 | 25.7 | 541.9 | 100 | 0 |
10.78 | 72.2 | 19.8 | 948.3 | 100 | 0 |
18.86 | 92.0 | 7.20 | 1660 | 100 | 0 |
实施例5
对于试样4的算术统计信息,图5进行了图示且对下述数据进行了列表,该算术统计信息描述了一批药物(进料物质)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征。该批次的粒度分布在图5中示出。
试样4:
光学模型: Fraunhofer.rfz
LS 200 小体积模块
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算
体积: 100%
平均值: 22.93μm
中值: 17.82μm
比表面积:7553cm2/mL
%< 10 25 50 75 100
μm 3.85 18.660 17.82 30.86 309.6
表8
粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 粒径(较低)μm | 累计的<体积% | 差分体积% |
0.375 | 0 | 0.61 | 33.01 | 78.0 | 17.2 |
0.656 | 0.61 | 1.55 | 57.77 | 95.3 | 3.43 |
1.149 | 2.17 | 2.46 | 101.1 | 98.7 | 1.08 |
2.011 | 4.62 | 4.37 | 176.9 | 99.8 | 0.24 |
3.519 | 8.99 | 8.23 | 309.6 | 100 | 0 |
6.158 | 17.2 | 14.1 | 541.9 | 100 | 0 |
10.78 | 31.3 | 21.2 | 948.3 | 100 | 0 |
18.86 | 52.5 | 25.5 | 1660 | 100 | 0 |
图6图示了4批药物(进料物质)的粒度分布对比。该数据示出在这4批药物物质中的显著物理差别,其平均粒度从6.503μm到22.93μm。
表9图示了3批药物(进料粉末试样)和使用相同批次的相应药物制品(装入胶囊的颗粒试样)的物理性质。
表9:
进料粉末试样 | ||||||||||||
产品 | 湿度-L.O.D | LBDg/cc | TBDg/cc | 静止角度 | 压缩20K | API粒度(Micons)100%< | 中值 | 平均值 | ||||
试样_(Omni Chem) | 0.15% | 0.46 | 0.6 | 45 | 1.28g/cc | 373 | 19.1 | 28.1 | ||||
试样_(Omni Chem) | 0.10% | 0.46 | 0.63 | 50 | 1.47g/cc | 83.9 | 8.0 | 10.8 | ||||
试样_(Omni Chem) | 0.10% | 0.43 | 0.57 | 60 | 1.32g/cc | 69.6 | 6.9 | 8.7 | ||||
装入胶囊的颗粒试样 | ||||||||||||
产品 | 粒度(微米) | LBDglee | 硬度(保持力) | 比表面积cm2/ml | ||||||||
100%<中值平均值 | ||||||||||||
试样_(Omni Chem) | 2000 695.3 650.6 | 0.67 | 89.2+60目 | 3535 | ||||||||
试样_(Noveon 35) | 1660 428.0 427.9 | 0.69 | 85.8+60目 | 5700 | ||||||||
试样_(Noveon 53) | 1512 194.3 315.9 | 0.68 | 86.5+60目 | 8399 |
图7图示了3批药物(进料物质)的粒度分布对比。该数据示出在这3批药物物质中的显著物理不同,其平均粒度从8.721μm~28.10μm。
该数据示出在这4批药物物质中的显著物理不同,其平均粒度从6.503μm到22.93μm。
表10
文件名: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#35.$01 |
组ID: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#35 |
试样ID: | Salix-EL05-020105 |
运行编号: | 1 |
光学模型 | FraunhOfer.rfz |
LS 200 | 小体积模块 |
文件名: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#41.$02 |
组ID: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#41 |
试样ID: | Salix-EL05-020105 |
运行编号: | 2 |
光学模型 | Fraunhofer.rfz |
LS 200 | 小体积模块 |
文件名: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#53.$02 |
组ID: | 巴柳氮-进料批号#53 |
试样ID: | Salix-EL05-020105 |
运行编号: | 2 |
光学模型 | Fraunhofer.rfz |
LS 200 | 小体积模块 |
表11A-D将描述三批药物(进料物质)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征的算术统计信息制成表格。在图7中图示了这些批次的粒度分布。该数据确认了大比表面积与小粒度的相反关系。这三批药物,100%的颗粒分别小于83.89μm、373.1μm和69.61μm。
表11A
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮进料粉末试样A(#35.$01) | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 10.85μm | ||||
中值: | 8.031μm | ||||
比表面积: | 14230cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 1.899 | 4.253 | 8.031 | 13.88 | 83.89 |
表11B
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮进料粉末试样B(#41.$02) | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 2810μm | ||||
中值: | 19.10μm | ||||
比表面积: | 6894cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 4.638 | 9.736 | 19.10 | 35.30 | 373.1 |
表11C
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮进料粉末试样B(#41.$02) | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 8.721μm | ||||
中值: | 6.993μm | ||||
比表面积: | 15822cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 1.664 | 3.686 | 6.993 | 11.80 | 69.61 |
表11D
粒径(较低)μm | 巴柳氮进料粉末试样A(#35.$01)累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 巴柳氮进料粉末试样B(#41.$02)累计的<体积% | 差分体积% | 巴柳氮进料粉末试样C(#53.$02)累计的<体积% | 差分体积% |
0.375 | 0 | 1.82 | 0 | 0.64 | 0 | 1.96 |
0.656 | 1.82 | 3.88 | 0.64 | 1.50 | 1.96 | 4.37 |
1.149 | 5.70 | 4.90 | 2.15 | 1.94 | 6.33 | 6.03 |
2.011 | 10.6 | 9.30 | 4.08 | 3.16 | 12.4 | 11.3 |
3.519 | 19.9 | 18.4 | 7.24 | 6.98 | 23.7 | 20.6 |
6.158 | 38.3 | 25.7 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 44.2 | 26.7 |
10.78 | 63.9 | 21.8 | 28.1 | 21.3 | 70.9 | 20.7 |
18.86 | 85.7 | 10.2 | 49.5 | 23.1 | 91.6 | 7.30 |
33.01 | 95.9 | 3.32 | 72.5 | 17.0 | 98.9 | 1.07 |
57.77 | 99.3 | 0.75 | 89.5 | 7.10 | 99.99 | 0.013 |
101.1 | 100 | 0 | 96.6 | 2.65 | 100 | 0 |
176.9 | 100 | 0 | 99.3 | 0.73 | 100 | 0 |
309.6 | 100 | 0 | 99.999 | 0.0011 | 100 | 0 |
541.9 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
948.3 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
1660 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
表12将描述三批药物产品(灌封颗粒试样)的表面积、粒度和累积体积特征的算术统计信息制成表格,该药物产品由图7中图示的药物物质(进料物质)制备。在图7中图示了这些批次药物产品的粒度分布为315.9~650.6。这三批药物产品,100%的颗粒分别小于1600μm、2000μm和1512μm。这三批药物产品的粒度分布在图8中图示出。尽管在药物中存在显著的物理差别,但药物产品的制造过程会使得这些差别被最小化,并且药物产品的溶解曲线在其各自的溶解速率上具有可比性。
表12
制成胶囊的试样1 | |||||
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮-产品批号#35.$04 | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 427.9μm | ||||
中值: | 318.7μm | ||||
比表面积: | 5700cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 3.890 | 13.86 | 318.7 | 770.6 | 1660 |
制成胶囊的试样2 | |||||
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮-产品批号#41.$04 | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 650.6μm | ||||
中值: | 695.3μm | ||||
比表面积: | 3535cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 6.747 | 33.83 | 695.3 | 1072 | 2000 |
制成胶囊的试样3 | |||||
体积统计学(算术) 巴柳氮-产品批号#53.$05 | |||||
从0.375μm~2000μm进行的计算 | |||||
体积: | 100% | ||||
平均值: | 315.9μm | ||||
中值: | 194.3μm | ||||
比表面积: | 8399cm2/mL | ||||
%< | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
μm | 2.574 | 7.214 | 194.3 | 554.2 | 1512 |
本申请中引用的每一份和所有专利、专利申请和公开文本的内容均通过引用整体引用本申请中。
本发明已经通过具体的实施方式公开,但显而易见的是只要不脱离本发明的真是精神和范围,可以由其它本领域技术人员设计出本发明的其它实施方式和变型。附加的权利要求试图包括所有的该实施方式和等同的变型。
Claims (58)
1、一种用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂,其包括每天约6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量。
2、一种用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂,其包括每天约6.6g巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量。
3、根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,其中两个每日剂量每个包括约3~3.3g。
4、根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,其中所述的胃肠疾病是胃肠细菌感染、细菌过度生长、直肠炎或结肠癌中的一种或多种。
5、根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,其中所述的药物制剂是可注射流体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
6、根据权利要求1的药物制剂,其进一步包括载体、润滑剂或着色剂中的一种或多种。
7、根据权利要求1的药物制剂,其中所述的载体是羟丙甲纤维素、碳酸钙、磷酸钙、二碱价磷酸钙、三碱价硫酸钙、羧基甲基纤维素钙、纤维素、纤维素、dextrate、糊精、葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖醇、乳糖、碳酸镁、氧化镁、麦芽糖醇、麦芽糊精、麦芽糖、聚葡萄糖、山梨糖醇、淀粉、蔗糖、糖和木糖醇。
8、根据权利要求6的药物制剂,其中所述润滑剂是硬脂酸镁、琼脂、硬脂酸钙、油酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、甘油、棕榈酸硬脂酸甘油酯、氢化植物油、聚乙二醇、氧化镁、甘露糖醇、泊洛沙姆、二醇、苯甲酸钠、月桂基硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠、山梨糖醇、硬脂酸、滑石、甘油醋酸酯、硬脂酸锌中的一种或多种。
9、根据权利要求6的药物制剂,其中所述着色剂是Opadry II黄、D&C黄#10铝色淀、或FD&C黄#6铝色淀中的一种或多种。
10、根据权利要求6的药物制剂,其中所述羟丙甲纤维素占制剂总重量的约1~约5%。
11、根据权利要求6的药物制剂,其中所述硬脂酸镁占制剂总重量的约0.5~约2.5%。
12、根据权利要求1的药物制剂,其进一步包括二氧化钛、聚葡萄糖、甘油三乙酸酯、聚乙二醇、D&C黄#10铝色淀或FD&C黄#6铝色淀中的一种或多种。
13、根据权利要求1的药物制剂,其进一步包括涂料溶液。
14、根据权利要求13的药物制剂,其中所述涂料溶液包括羟丙甲纤维素和羟丙纤维素。
15、一种含有用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂的包装,其包含相当于每天约6g的巴柳氮的两个每日剂量。
16、一种含有用于治疗胃肠疾病的药物制剂的包装,其包含约3.3g每一种巴柳氮的两个每日剂量。
17、根据权利要求16的包装,其进一步含有用于治疗一种或多种胃肠疾病的说明书。
18、根据权利要求16的包装,其中所述剂量是可注射流体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
19、一种治疗胃肠疾病的方法,其包括以两个每日剂量每天向需要治疗胃肠疾病的患者给药约6g~约6.7g的巴柳氮。
20、根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述两个每日剂量每个为约3.3g。
21、根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述两个每日剂量每个包含3个片剂。
22、根据权利要求21的方法,其中所述三个片剂每个包括约1100mg巴柳氮。
23、根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述剂量是可注射液体、气溶胶、乳膏、凝胶、片剂、胶囊、糖浆或经皮肤贴的形式。
24、根据权利要求23的方法,所述治疗方法进一步包括鉴定需要治疗一种或多种胃肠疾病或直肠炎的患者。
25、根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述患者是哺乳动物。
26、根据权利要求19的方法,其中所述患者是人类。
27、一种制备胶囊的方法,包括:
将巴柳氮二钠和一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;
筛分颗粒;
将颗粒混合约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;和
将粉末混合物装入胶囊。
28、根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述赋形剂包括胶体二氧化硅或硬脂酸镁中的一种或多种。
29、根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述赋形剂占颗粒重量的约2~约3%。
30、根据权利要求27的方法,其中所述筛分采用12目筛网。
31、根据权利要求27的方法,其中混合采用双锥体混合机。
32、根据权利要求27的方法,所述方法进一步包括将装入胶囊的粉末混合物抛光。
33、根据权利要求27的方法,其中将约700mg~约1200mg的粉末混合物装入胶囊。
34、一种用于溶解测试巴柳氮胶囊的方法,包括:
在溶解介质中搅拌根据权利要求19制备的巴柳氮胶囊;
过滤溶液以形成滤液;
采集滤液样品;和
稀释滤液。
35、根据权利要求34的方法,其中所述溶解介质包括50mM pH约为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液。
36、根据权利要求34的方法,其中所述稀释滤液包括将2mL稀释在约98mL溶解介质中。
37、根据权利要求34的方法,其进一步包括分析稀释的滤液。
38、根据权利要求34的方法,其中所述搅拌在50rpm下进行。
39、一种通过下列方法制备的巴柳氮药物制剂,所述方法包括:
将巴柳氮二钠进料粉末与一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;
混合颗粒约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;
以及将粉末混合物装入胶囊,
其中将每天约6g的巴柳氮或其药学上可接受的前药、盐、溶剂化物或包合物的两个每日剂量给药。
40、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述方法进一步包括在混合前筛分颗粒。
41、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述进料粉末的平均粒径为约8~约30μm。
42、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的平均粒径为约300~约675μm。
43、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的比表面积为约3500~约8500cm2/ml。
44、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的硬度(保持力)为约85~约90(60目)。
45、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.67~约0.69g/cc。
46、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的20K压缩力为约1.28~约1.47g/cc。
47、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.57~约0.63g/cc。
48、根据权利要求39的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的湿度为约0.10%~约0.15%。
49、一种通过下列方法制备的巴柳氮药物制剂,所述方法包括:
将巴柳氮二钠进料粉末与一种或多种赋形剂造粒以形成颗粒;
混合颗粒约20分钟以形成粉末混合物;
以及将粉末混合物装入胶囊,
其中所述粉末混合物的平均粒径为约300~约675μm。
50、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述方法进一步包括在混合前调整颗粒的大小。
51、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述进料粉末的平均粒径为约8~约30μm。
52、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的平均粒径为约300~约675μm。
53、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的比表面积为约3500~约8500cm2/ml。
54、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的硬度(保持力)为约85~约90(60网眼)。
55、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述粉末混合物的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.67~约0.69g/cc。
56、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的20K压缩力为约1.28~约1.47g/cc。
57、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的松体积密度(LBD)为约0.57~约0.63g/cc。
58、根据权利要求49的药物制剂,其中所述巴柳氮二钠进料粉末的湿度为约0.10%~约0.15%。
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2006
- 2006-08-24 BR BRPI0615195A patent/BRPI0615195A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-08-24 JP JP2008528199A patent/JP2009506067A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-24 CN CN201510711437.0A patent/CN105267226A/zh active Pending
- 2006-08-24 CA CA002620091A patent/CA2620091A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-08-24 NZ NZ593132A patent/NZ593132A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-08-24 AU AU2006282865A patent/AU2006282865B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-08-24 WO PCT/US2006/033255 patent/WO2007025146A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-08-24 MX MX2008002283A patent/MX2008002283A/es unknown
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- 2006-08-24 CN CN2012100363190A patent/CN102670626A/zh active Pending
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- 2006-08-24 CN CN201310552992.4A patent/CN103948609A/zh active Pending
- 2006-08-24 CN CNA2006800308092A patent/CN101247812A/zh active Pending
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2008
- 2008-01-29 IL IL189104A patent/IL189104A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-02-22 US US12/072,112 patent/US20090252788A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2012
- 2012-09-18 JP JP2012204737A patent/JP2012246322A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2013
- 2013-04-11 IL IL225695A patent/IL225695A0/en unknown
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2015
- 2015-03-05 JP JP2015043206A patent/JP2015108021A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2016
- 2016-02-01 US US15/012,367 patent/US20160279153A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104546949A (zh) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 天津市宝坻区人民医院 | 一种治疗溃疡性结肠炎改进型复合药物配方 |
Also Published As
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JP2009506067A (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
JP2012246322A (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
EP2586427A3 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
CA2620091A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
IL225695A0 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
AU2006282865B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
NZ593132A (en) | 2013-02-22 |
BRPI0615195A2 (pt) | 2011-05-10 |
EP2529729A1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
EP1931354A2 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
EP2586427A2 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
CN103948609A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
AU2006282865A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
JP2015108021A (ja) | 2015-06-11 |
CN102670626A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
WO2007025146A3 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
US20090252788A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
WO2007025146A2 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
CN105267226A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
MX2008002283A (es) | 2008-09-08 |
EP1931354A4 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
US20160279153A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
CA2816276A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
BRPI0615195A8 (pt) | 2018-03-06 |
IL189104A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
JP2018145202A (ja) | 2018-09-20 |
IL189104A0 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
NZ565974A (en) | 2012-07-27 |
NZ603744A (en) | 2014-06-27 |
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