CN101234269A - Planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a continuous pressurized filter for filtering suspension. Its main technical features are: a plurality of filter units are distributed in the circumferential direction of the filter housing, and each filter unit consists of a filter cartridge, a filter shaft and a The internal channels of the connected planetary carriers are formed. As a filter element, the filter cartridge is fixed by the filter shaft and supported on the planetary carrier, and performs planetary motion during operation. After the fluid passes through the filter medium on the filter cartridge, it is collected inside the filter cartridge and enters the channel of the planetary carrier through the hollow filter shaft for distribution. Discharge after head switching. The main features of the present invention are high-efficiency filtration and dehydration, effective washing and drying of filter cake, reliable discharge mode and back-blowing regeneration function of filter medium, and these operation steps are carried out sequentially and continuously.

Description

Planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter

technical field

The invention is a new type of solid-liquid separation equipment, which relates to a filter that uses gas pressure as the driving force to continuously filter and separate suspensions. It has the basic characteristics of continuous and efficient operation, and is especially suitable for difficult-to-filter materials and bulk chemical It is suitable for the production of petrochemical products and products with harsh process conditions, and is also suitable for the production of food, biological products, pharmaceuticals and other valuable chemicals.

technical background

Theoretically, the filtration driving force of pressure filtration is not limited, and because of its remarkable advantages, it is widely used in filtration and separation. The filtration driving force of pressure filtration breaks through the bottleneck of limited vacuum filtration driving force, and has the advantages of high filtration strength, large production capacity, low moisture content of filter cake, etc., and the process equipment is simple, the process is short, the operating cost is low, and the equipment purchase cost and Equipment maintenance costs are low. In recent decades, due to the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for separation have become higher and higher. All countries are looking for a more efficient, reliable and green continuous pressurized filter to meet the increasingly stringent separation conditions.

"Development and Application of KDF Continuous Filter Press" in the fifth issue of "Fluid Engineering" magazine in 1993 introduced a continuous pressurized filter called KDF invented by Amafilter Company in the Netherlands. This filter is a horizontal structure. , a closed gearbox and a small pressure box are placed in the horizontal shell, and several hollow filter shafts capable of revolution and rotation are installed at the output end of the gearbox. The main transmission shaft is connected with the gearbox to transmit the power to the filter shaft. Several small filter discs are installed vertically on the filter shaft as filter elements, and the filter discs do planetary motion with the filter shaft. The central hole of the filter shaft communicates with the filtrate channel, and the other end of the filtrate channel is connected with the filtrate valve. A filter slag conveying device is provided in the central space of the filter housing, and a slag discharge control mechanism is connected to the outlet of the conveying device. When the KDF filter is working, compressed air is introduced into the shell to maintain a constant filter pressure above the slurry pool. The hollow filter shaft revolves once in the filter housing to complete the processes of filtration, dehydration, backflushing and unloading in sequence. At the same time, due to the rotation of the filter shaft, the filter cake formed in the filtration stage is uniform. The filter disc rotates and revolves with the filter shaft, and periodically enters and exposes the slurry pool. When the filter shaft is immersed in the slurry, under the action of compressed air, the liquid phase passes through the filter medium on the filter disc and enters the filter shaft. The filtrate channel connecting the filter shaft and the filtrate valve is drained. The filtrate valve is installed at the end of the filtrate channel to communicate with the atmosphere. During the dehydration process, air and filtrate are discharged through the same channel. During the entire filtration and dehydration period, the filtrate valve is always open, the filtrate flows into the liquid collection pipe under the action of gravity, and the separated air is discharged through the exhaust pipe. When the filter shaft rotates to the highest point, the filtrate valve is closed, the blowback valve is opened, and the compressed air enters the filter disc from the internal pressure box through the hollow shaft, and blows the filter cake from the opposite direction into the material installed in the same direction as the shell. In the tank, the filter residue conveying device is then transported to the discharge pipe of the slag discharge control mechanism, and finally the discharge is completed. The KDF continuous pressurized filter adopts many new design methods and ideas, and has made great contributions to the research and development of the new filter, but this type of filter still has many shortcomings and deficiencies: unloading adopts back blowing Gas unloading, the unloading method is single, unreliable, and tends to re-wet the filter cake; the unit filtration area on the cross section of the pressure shell is small; the structure is complex, and the required manufacturing precision is high.

In January 2001, "Filtration & Separation" magazine "Improving Process Operations with a Rotary Pressure Filter" introduced the characteristics and application of the rotary pressure filter (RPF) of the German BHS company. This model divides the drum into a series of unit chambers of the same size and similar to funnels on the circumferential surface as filter units. Adjacent unit cells are separated by strip baffles and joint rings. A filter insert is installed at the position parallel to the cross-section of the drum at the bottom of each unit chamber. The filter insert is covered with a layer of filter media above, and the bottom is tightly connected with the filtrate discharge system. The upper space of the filter screen in the unit room is the accumulation place of the filter cake, and its height can be adjusted by the position of the filter insert. The drum rotates continuously in a cylindrical frame. The cylinder is an annular sandwich structure composed of inner and outer layers, which are sealed and connected at both ends by sealing sleeves or similar materials. Its characteristics are: a series of separation partitions parallel to the rotating shaft are installed on the wall of the cylinder, which divides the interlayer space of the cylinder into closed independent chambers, and the suspension, washing liquid and drying gas pass through different independent chambers respectively. Enter the unit room for operation. The operation of the RPF filter can be divided into five steps in the circumferential direction with the rotation of the drum: pumping into the suspension, under the action of the pump pressure, the filter cake is formed above the filter medium in the unit chamber, and the filtrate is formed below the filter medium; The unit chamber of the filter cake enters the rough washing area driven by the rotation of the drum, and the washing liquid is the washing filtrate from the next level of washing; add pure washing liquid to clean the filter cake, replace the filtrate in the original filter cake and collect it for the upper It is used in the first-level washing; the compressed gas is used for drying, and the compressed gas blows out the filtrate in the filter cake and collects it for use in the first-level washing process after being condensed. , to blow out the filter cake from the unit chamber, and regenerate the filter medium while unloading the filter cake. RPF rotary pressure filter is widely used, but its seals are easy to wear and have a short life; when filtering, the filling of the filter cake in the unit chamber has a great influence on the filtering operation. If the formed filter cake is not full of the unit chamber, the inner and upper If there is still space left, there will be interference between the working area and the adjacent area, which is especially unfavorable when it occurs in the final washing area, and the water will enter the drying area from the washing area, affecting the filtering effect; at the same time, the price Expensive, proprietary technology is in the hands of foreign companies.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a new type of continuous processing machine with simple structure, large processing capacity, good filter cake dehydration, washing and separation effect, continuous, stable and reliable operation, economical operation, and convenient manufacture, use and maintenance. Press filter.

The main technical point of the present invention is that the filter element is a filter cartridge 10 with a large length-to-diameter ratio. The filter cartridge 10 is connected and supported by the filter shaft 9, and the interior is communicated with the filter shaft center hole 41 and communicated with the filtrate channel 30. The filter cartridge 10 is in the Driven by the main transmission shaft 28, it rotates around the axis of the main transmission shaft 28 (i.e., revolves), and at the same time rotates around its own axis. After the filtrate is collected, it enters the central hole 41 of the filter shaft 9 through the central tube 38 inside the filter cartridge 10, and then enters the compartment drum 32 chamber of the planet carrier 6 through the through hole 40 at one end of the central hole of the filter shaft. Then the filtrate channel 30 is connected to the two distribution heads to switch and then discharged. The connection between the static distribution head 2 and the dynamic distribution head 29 is sealed by the two end faces of the dynamic dislocation air disc 19 and the static dislocation air disc 20. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter housing, the dynamic dislocation air disc 19 and the static dislocation air disc 20 are sealed. The opposite two ends of the air disc 20 are automatically pressed together to form an end face seal. The static distribution head 2 is fixedly installed on the bearing seat 3 .

Achieving the purpose of the present invention is a planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter, which includes: a dynamic distributing head 29, a static distributing head 2, and a filtrate switching device composed of a dynamic distributing air disc 19 and a static distributing air disc 20 connected to the two distributing heads , Bearing seat 3, pressure shell composed of head 4, 11 and cylinder 7, planet carrier 6, filter element filter cartridge 10, filter shaft 9 and discharge mechanism, etc. The unloading mechanism is installed in the center of the static pressure shell head 11 through the receiving trough 16, and the unloading scraper 25 is placed above the receiving trough 16, and a screw conveyor 12 is inside the receiving trough 16, and the scraper is unloaded. The filter cake is transported to the discharge pipe 14 under the rotation of the spiral, and enters the discharge pipe 14 under the action of gravity. A discharge controller 15 is connected below the discharge pipe 14 (the discharge controller can be purchased and installed directly). At the same time, the pressure inside the shell makes the filter cake discharge smoothly, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the discharge.

Realize the purpose of the present invention planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurization filter, its planet carrier 6 is an important structure. The compartment drum 32 of the planet carrier 6 is divided into a plurality of compartments, each compartment is independent of each other, and a filtrate channel 30 communicates with it, and the other end of the channel communicates with the moving disc 19 . The formed filtrate enters the central tube 38 of the filter cartridge after being collected by the filter cartridge 10, and then enters the compartment drum 32 through the center hole 41 of the filter shaft, and then enters the filtrate channel 30, and is further switched by the gas distributing head end through the static distribution head. discharge. There is a planetary pinion 39 at one end of the filter shaft 9, which meshes with the sun gear 5 to generate a planetary motion, which facilitates the generation of filter cake on the surface of the filter cartridge 10, the washing, drying and dehydration of the filter cake and discharge. The filter shaft at the right end of the filter shaft 9 is connected with the filter cartridge coupling section 42 with the filter cartridge shaft hole 34 of the filter cartridge 10, and the filter shaft central hole 41 communicates with the filter cartridge central tube 38 to form an internal filtrate passage, and is connected with the inner part of the compartment drum 32 The grid space and the corresponding filtrate channel 30 are correspondingly communicated.

The unloading and slag discharge mechanism is placed in the center of the head 11 at the right end of the pressure shell through the material receiving trough 16. The upper part of the material receiving trough 16 is opened, and baffles 27 are erected on both sides of the opening. Angle of the discharge scraper 25, the discharge scraper 25 is fixedly arranged on the receiving tank 16. Inside the material receiving trough 16 is a screw conveyor 12, and the screw conveyor 12 is directly driven by another power machine 13 whose rotation speed is different from the rotation speed of the main rotor (or is connected with the main body of the planetary carrier through a differential).

The discharge controller 15 is arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe 14, and the discharge pipe 14 is vertically fixed to the rear end of the receiving tank 16.

When the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter of the present invention is working, the upper part of the pressure shell is filled with compressed air, and the lower part is a slurry pool. The planet carrier 6 rotates continuously in the pressure housing, and at the same time drives multiple sets of filter elements to rotate together. While the filter cartridge 10 is revolving with the planet carrier 6, it is driven by the planetary mechanism to rotate around its own axis, and the rotation speed is much higher than the revolution, and the speed ratio is determined by the planetary mechanism. Seen from the cross-sectional circumference of the pressure shell, the operation of filter cartridge 10 revolution can be divided into these five stages of filtration, washing, dehydration, discharge and filter medium regeneration (see accompanying drawing 3): in the first stage, filter cartridge 10 rotates Until it is completely submerged in the slurry tank, the filtration begins. The filtrate formed by the filtration enters the inside of the filter cartridge 10 and forms a filter cake on the surface thereof. At this time, due to the rotation of the filter cartridge 10, the generation of the filter cake and the filtrate formed are all very effective. The filtration phase is complete when the filter cartridge 10 orbits away from the slurry sump. The thickness of the formed filter cake is determined by the filtration time, filtration driving force and the properties of the filter medium, wherein the filtration time is determined by the radian α of the filtration section and the revolution speed of the planet carrier 6; the former can be adjusted by the liquid level of the slurry pool, and the latter can be adjusted Through the adjustment of the rotational speed of the main drive shaft 28, the filtering process is optimized through two adjustments. In stage II, the washing water flowing out of the washing tank 22 is showered on the filter cake on the surface of the filter cartridge 10 to wash the filter cake. In order to achieve the purpose of sufficient washing, the corresponding arc β of the washing section needs to satisfy the condition that the filter cartridge 10 rotates with an arc ≥ 2π during the time when the planet carrier 6 revolves through the arc β. In stage III, the washed filter cake is further dried with compressed air to reduce the moisture content. The arc that the planet carrier 6 revolves at this stage is γ. In the IV stage, the discharge scraper 25 cuts the filter cake and falls into the receiving tank 16 and is transported to the top of the discharge pipe 14 by the screw conveyor 12 . In order to ensure that the filter cake on the filter cartridge 10 is completely and cleanly unloaded, there is only a small gap between the working surface of the discharge scraper 25 and the surface of the filter cartridge 10. At the same time, the arc of the discharge section in the circumferential direction is δ. All the cakes are unloaded, and the size of δ is related to the revolution speed, transmission ratio, and the number of scrapers. In the V stage, the back-blowing high-pressure air is introduced through the static distribution head 2, the filtrate channel 30 and the central tube 38 of the filter cartridge to blow back the filter medium 35 to regenerate it. The arc distribution of the regeneration section of the filter medium is ε. The arcs of these five stages are distributed within 360° of the circumference of the filter. This goes round and round to realize continuous pressurized filtration operation.

The operating procedure of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter of the present invention is as follows: ①The valves of the pipelines are ready; ②Close the discharge controller to make the inside of the filter a closed space; ③Start the main rotary body and the conveying screw The power machine; ④ Add slurry to the shell, and at the same time pass compressed gas; ⑤ Start the discharge controller to control the discharge of filter residue; ⑥ The filter enters the normal working state.

Compared with the existing models, the present invention adopts the design of planetary motion mechanism, the filter element adopts the filter cartridge with large length-to-diameter ratio and flexible and diverse discharge methods, including stable mechanical scraper discharge, and has the following outstanding advantages:

① Each filter unit revolves within a circle, so that the filter can operate continuously within the 360° range inside the shell, and let each filter unit complete a series of operations such as filtration → washing → dehydration → unloading → filter medium regeneration, etc., to achieve Overall continuous operation. And the revolution makes the slurry fully stirred, avoiding the precipitation of the material, and making the filtration operation reliable and stable.

②The rotation of the filter element in the filter section makes the thickness and structure of the filter cake layer formed on the surface of the filter cartridge tend to be uniform; in the washing section, the rotation makes the filter cake layer on the filter cartridge get uniform and all-round washing; when unloading , self-rotation provides power for scraper discharge.

③The unloading method is flexible and diverse, and the mechanical scraper unloading solves the anti-humidity tendency of the back-blowing unloading filter cake, and is stable and reliable.

④Blowback regeneration function of the filter medium.

These operating procedures are carried out continuously, so that the machine has the advantages of large processing capacity, good filter cake dehydration effect, stable and reliable operation, and suitable for harsh working conditions.

The planetary rotary small cylinder filter of the present invention also has some other advantages.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planet carrier of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurization filter;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the filter cartridge structure of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter;

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter cartridge of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter along the A-A section;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the filter shaft structure of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter.

Explanation of reference signs

1——Gear reduction mechanism, which provides power for the main rotary body of the filter through connection with the main shaft;

2——Static distribution head, connected with the bearing seat 3 through bolts, is the switching device for the filtrate when the filter is working;

3——The bearing seat is used to fix the static distribution head, support the planet carrier at the same time, and ensure that the dynamic distribution head and the static distribution head at the left end of the planet carrier have good alignment;

4——Head, an integral part of the pressure shell;

5——Sun gear, which is an inner ring gear or an outer gear;

6——Planet carrier;

7—Cylinder body, an integral part of the pressure shell;

8——Sealing element, which acts as a seal, separates the filtrate from the slurry, and ensures the filtration pressure difference;

9 - filter shaft;

10—filter cartridge, filter element;

11——Head, an integral part of the pressure shell;

12 - screw conveyor;

13——motor, provides power for screw conveyor;

14 - discharge pipe;

15——unloading controller;

16——feeding trough;

17 - support;

18 - feed pipe;

19——Move the wrong gas plate;

20—Static wrong gas plate;

21——washing liquid inlet pipe;

22 washing sink;

23—compressed steam (or air) inlet pipe;

24 - pressure gauge;

25 - unloading scraper;

2——observation window;

27 - baffle;

28——main transmission shaft;

29 - dynamic distribution head;

30 - filtrate channel;

31——Planet carrier end cover;

32——grid drum;

33 - filter shaft placement hole;

34——filter cartridge shaft hole;

35 - filter medium;

36 - filtrate tank;

37 - deflector;

38 - filter cartridge central tube;

39——Planetary pinion, which can be made of gears through key connection, and can also be directly processed on the filter shaft;

40—hole, filtrate channel;

41 - the center hole of the filter shaft is the filtrate channel;

42——The connecting section between the filter shaft and the filter cartridge.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

Implementation mode 1:

The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is used for the filtration and separation of PTA (purified terephthalic acid). The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter has a pressure shell consisting of a head 4, a cylinder body 7 and a head 11, and is fixedly supported on the base by a support 17. Inside the pressure shell, the main rotary body and the unloading and slag discharge mechanism are arranged. Among them, after the filter cartridge 10 is connected with the filter shaft 9, it is installed on the divided drum 32 of the planet carrier 6 to form a filter unit; the length of the filter cartridge is 1m, the filtering area of a single filter cartridge is 1m ² , and the total filtering area is 10m ² There are 10 groups of such filter units in the whole pressure shell, which are jointly installed on the grid drum 32 to form the main rotary body, which is the main core component of the filter work. The main revolving body is driven by a motor through a gear (or worm gear) reduction mechanism 1 . The subdivided drum 32 of the planet carrier 6 is divided into 10 independent parts, and each subdivision corresponds to a group of filter units. The filtrate channel 30 communicates with the dynamic distribution head 29 at the left end of the planet carrier 6, and forms a filtrate switching device together with the static distribution head 2. The disk 20 contacts and achieves a seal. The planetary pinion 39 at one end of the filter shaft 9 meshes with an inner ring gear as the sun gear 5, and is driven by the planetary carrier 6 to move at a differential speed. The transmission ratio adopted by the planetary differential mechanism is 1:20, the revolution speed of the main drive shaft 28 is 1.5 rpm, and the rotation speed of the filter cartridge 10 is 30 rpm. The unloading and slagging mechanism is composed of a conveying screw 12 , a receiving chute 16 , a unloading scraper 25 and a baffle 27 . The upper opening of the receiving trough 16, the baffle plate 27 is placed on both sides of the opening, and 2 discharge scrapers 25 are arranged through the scraper frame above the baffle plate 27. The distance between the two discharge scrapers is 18°, and the symmetrical plane of the two scrapers is in the same direction as the horizontal plane 30° angle. When unloading, each scraper unloads the filter cake on the half of the circular arc of the filter cartridge. The screw conveyor 12 is driven by a motor 13 .

When the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter is running, the upper half of the pressure shell of the filter is filled with high-pressure steam, and the steam with T>155°C and P>0.6MPa is introduced into the compressed steam inlet pipe 23, and the lower half is The slurry tank is fed into the feed pipe 18 to filter the suspension at T=155°C. Because the pressure of 0.6MPa is on when discharged from the upstream process, the slurry can be fed into the filter without a booster pump. The filter cartridge 10 enters the slurry pool driven by the orbital movement of the planet carrier 6, the pressure below the filter medium 35 is P=0.48MPa, and the filter pressure drop ΔP=0.12MPa. Under the action of the filtering driving force (pressure difference), a filter cake is formed on the surface of the filter cartridge 10, and a filtrate is formed under the filter medium 35 at the same time, the temperature of the filtrate is T=150° C., and the pressure is P=0.48 MPa. The filtrate enters the central pipe 38 of the filter cartridge through the filtrate tank 36 under the guidance of the deflector 37 . At the same time, the filter cartridge 10 is also rotating, so that the formed filter cake has a good effect. The arc distribution of the filter section on the circumference is α=135°. When the filter cartridge 10 rotates away from the slurry tank and enters the washing section, the washing water is liquid steam with T>155°C and P>0.6 MPa, which is introduced through the washing solution inlet pipe 21 . Washing is carried out in the range of β=70° in the circumferential direction. The washing water flows out through the washing water tank 22 and is sprayed on the filter cake on the surface of the filter cartridge 10. Due to the simultaneous rotation, the washing is even and comprehensive. After washing, it enters the drying and dehydration section, and the arc distribution of the dehydration section is γ=80°. The filter cake is further dried by compressed steam to reduce the moisture content. After drying, it enters the unloading section, and the unloading is carried out within the range of δ=45°. The simultaneous revolution and rotation of the filter cartridge 10 causes relative motion between the filter cartridge 10 and the discharge scraper 25. Driven by the filter cartridge 10, the dried filter cake contacts and unloads the discharge scraper 25; The filter residue is transported to the top of the discharge pipe 14 under the action of the screw conveyor 12, and enters the discharge pipe 14 under the action of gravity. A double-level gate type discharge controller 15 is connected under the discharge pipe 14 to ensure that the filter The filter residue is discharged while the pressure in the shell is released. The unloaded filter cartridge 10 enters the filter medium backflush area driven by revolution, and the high pressure backflush gas T>160°C, P>0.65MPa is introduced into the filter through the static distribution head 2, the filtrate channel 30 and the filter cartridge central tube 38. The media 35 is backflushed to regenerate it. The radian distribution of the backflushing section of the filter medium is ε=30°. So far, one filtration cycle of a single filter cartridge is completed, and the continuous production of the filter is realized under the circulation operation of multiple filter cartridges.

The operating pressure of the filter is P>0.6MPa, and the operating temperature is T=200°C. During the filtration process, the solid phase concentration of the PTA slurry is ~36.4%, and a filter cake layer of more than 50mm can be formed on the filter cartridge. The production capacity of the filter can reach 37t/h (dry basis), and the moisture content of the filter cake can be controlled. Within 10%, the solid content in the filtrate is <0.5%.

Implementation mode 2:

The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is used for the filtration and separation of heavy alkali in the production of soda ash. The shell of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter is supported by the saddle 17 and fixed on the machine base. A bearing seat 3 is installed in the center of the left head 4, and the static distribution head 2 is fixedly placed in the bearing seat 3. At the same time, the planet carrier 6 is placed in the bearing seat 3 through two pairs of bearings, and the left end shoulder of the planet carrier 6 is used as the dynamic distribution head 29. , and opposite to the static distribution head 2, the dynamic distribution head 29 and the static distribution head 2 respectively have a dynamic dislocation gas disc 19 and a static dislocation gas disc 20 fixedly connected with them, and the end faces of the two dislocation gas discs are tightly combined to realize sealing, and at the same time achieve The purpose of filtrate switching. The main transmission shaft 28 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 6 through the hollow part of the static distribution head 2 and the two offset gas discs, and is driven by the gear reduction mechanism 1 . A large gear is installed on the right-hand side of the bearing housing 3 as the sun gear 5, and is sealed inside the planet carrier 6 with the planet carrier end cover 31. There is a divided drum 32 on the planet carrier 6 , and the inner part of the divided drum 32 is divided into 8 independent parts, and each divided space has a filtrate channel 30 communicated with the dynamic distribution head 29 . On the grid drum 32, there are filter shaft placement holes 33 with the same number of grids. The filter shaft 9 is placed on the grid drum 32 through the filter shaft placement hole 33, and the sealing member 8 is used to ensure the necessary sealing performance. The planetary pinion 39 at one end of the filter shaft 9 meshes with the sun gear 5 to realize differential motion. The rotating speed of the main drive shaft 28 is 2rpm, the transmission ratio is 1:30, and the rotating speed of the filter shaft 9 is 60rpm. The filter cartridge shaft hole 34 of the filter cartridge 10 is connected with the filter shaft of the filter shaft 9 and the filter cartridge coupling section 42, and the filter shaft central hole 41 is connected with the filter cartridge central pipe 38 to form an internal filtrate channel. The filter cartridge 10 is a porous cylindrical member on which a filter medium 35 is covered to form a filter element. The size of the filter cartridge 10 is l=1m in length, d=0.5m in diameter, and the total filtering area is 12m ² . The filter shaft 9, the filter cartridge 10 and the filtrate channel 30 communicating with it form a group of filter assemblies, and these 8 groups of filter assemblies are installed on the circumferential direction of the planet carrier 6 together to form the main rotating body of the filter. A discharge and slag discharge mechanism is arranged in the central space on the right side of the main gyratory body, and is arranged in the center of the right head 11 through its shell receiving trough 16 . A conveying auger 12 is arranged in the center of material receiving trough 16, and is driven by the moisture-proof motor 13 that is arranged in the right end inside the pressure shell. Put an opening on the receiving trough 16, two baffle plates 27 are installed on both sides of the opening, and three discharge scrapers 25 are fixedly installed on the inside and top of the baffle plate 27, and the scrapers are distributed at 10°, and the middle scraper is 30° from the horizontal plane . A discharge pipe 14 is vertically installed at the tail end of the material receiving chute 16, and a discharge controller 15 is connected below the discharge pipe 14.

When the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is running, the suspension slurry from the carbonization process is introduced through the feed pipe 18. The solid phase in the suspension is NaHCO ₃ with a content of 25%, and the liquid phase contains NaCl and NH ₄ The aqueous solution of Cl, the suspension forms a slurry pool in the lower part of the filter housing, and the temperature is 42°C. Simultaneously, the compressed air inlet pipe 23 is connected with the air compressor through an external pipeline to introduce compressed air and maintain a constant pressure above the inside of the filter housing. Compressed air parameter P=0.3MPa, T=45°C. Driven by the main transmission shaft 28 , the filter cartridge 10 enters the slurry pool with the revolution of the planet carrier 6 , and a filter cake is formed above the filter medium 35 under the action of the pressure difference. At the same time, a filtrate is formed under the filter medium 35 , and the filtrate enters the central tube 38 of the filter cartridge through the filtrate tank 36 under the action of the deflector 37 . The filtrate is further led by the filtrate channel 30 to the dynamic distribution head 29 and the static distribution head 2 for switching. After switching, the filtrate is discharged from the filter through the filtrate pipe. During this process, due to the rotation of the filter cartridge 10, the formation of the filter cake is excellent, and the arc distribution of the filter section on the circumference is α=140°. After the filter cartridge 10 rotates away from the slurry pool, it enters the washing section, and the washing is carried out within the range of β=75°. The washing liquid (clear water) flows out through the washing tank 22 and is sprayed on the filter cake on the surface of the filter cartridge 10. Due to the simultaneous rotation, the washing is uniform and comprehensive, and the solutes such as NaCl in the filter cake are fully washed and removed. After washing, it enters the drying and dehydration section, and the filter cake is further dried by compressed air in the range of γ=75° to reduce the moisture content. When the dried filter cake is transferred to the discharge area with the filter cartridge 10, the filter cartridge 10 is close to the discharge scraper 25 and there is a relative movement, and the filter cake is in contact with the discharge scraper 25 and unloaded. Unloading takes place in the range of δ = 40°. The unloaded filter residue is transported to the top of the discharge pipe 14 under the action of the screw conveyor 12, and enters the discharge pipe 14 under the action of gravity. A discharge controller 15 is connected under the discharge pipe. The filter residue is discharged smoothly under the control. After unloading, the filter cartridge 10 enters the filter medium blowback area driven by revolution. The backflush gas is introduced through the 2 ends of the static distribution head, and after switching, enters the inside of the filter cartridge 10 reversely from the filtrate channel 30, and performs backflush regeneration on the filter medium 35, the backflush gas P=0.35MPa, normal temperature. The arc distribution of the blowback section is ε=30°. At the end of one filtering cycle, the next filtering cycle begins when the filter cartridge 10 rotates with the main transmission shaft 28 and enters the slurry pool again. The circular operation of such a plurality of filter cartridges in the inner circumferential direction of the filter housing realizes the continuous production of the filter.

During production, the operating pressure of the filter is P>0.3MPa, and the operating temperature is T=50°C. The solid phase concentration of the suspension is 25%, and a filter cake layer of 30-40 mm can be formed on the filter cartridge. The moisture content of the formed filter cake can be controlled within 8%, and the NaCl content in the filter cake is less than 0.5%. Output up to 60t/h

Implementation mode 3:

The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is used for the filtration and separation of PVC, and the filter cake does not need to be washed during the process of filtering and separating PVC. The whole body of the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is supported and fixed on the machine base by the support 17 through the shell, and the filter shell is composed of three parts, including the head 4, 11 and the cylinder 7. There are main rotary body and unloader conveying mechanism inside the shell. Wherein the main rotating body is composed of a planet carrier 6 and multiple sets of filter assemblies installed thereon. There is a divisional drum 32 with a short axial length on the planet carrier 6. The interior of the divisional drum 32 is divided into 12 independent sections by partitions, and each independent divisional section has a filtrate channel 30 communicating with it. . Each group of filter assemblies is composed of a filter shaft 9, a filter cartridge 10 and a grid space communicated therewith. After the filter cartridge 10 is assembled with the filter shaft 9, it is installed on the compartment drum 32 through the filter shaft placement hole 33, and its sealing performance is guaranteed by the corresponding seal 8. The size of the filter cartridge 10 is l×d=1.5×0.3 (m), and the total filtering area is 17m ² . The planet carrier 6 is supported by a bearing seat 3 placed in the center of one end of the filter housing. The right end of the bearing seat 3 is equipped with an inner ring gear as the sun gear 5, the sun gear 5 meshes with the planetary pinion 39 at one end of the filter shaft 9, the power is transmitted through the main drive shaft 28 to drive the planet carrier 6 to revolve, and at the same time, the rotation of the filter assembly is realized. The ratio is 1:40, and the rotational speed of the main transmission shaft 28 is n=3rpm. The dynamic distributing head 29 is opposite to the static distributing head 2 fixedly installed on the bearing seat 3. At the same time, a group of dynamic distributing air discs 19 and static distributing air discs 20 are fixedly connected with the end faces of the two distributing heads. The air disc forms a face seal and enables filtrate switching. An unloader conveying mechanism is installed in the central space of the main revolving body, and this mechanism is fixedly installed in the center of the right end head 11 of the filter through its shell receiving trough 16 . Inside the material receiving trough 16 is a screw conveyor 12, which is connected with the planet carrier 6 through a differential and drives it to rotate. Opening on the receiving trough 16, two baffle plates 27 of 90° are arranged at the opening. Back blowing is adopted to unload the material, the opening and the baffle face directly upward, and the blown-off material slag is caught by the baffle 27 and falls into the receiving trough 16 .

When the planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter is working, the starting motor drives the planetary frame 6 to rotate, and at the same time, the filtered suspension is introduced through the feed pipe 18 at a temperature of 70° C., and the PVC content is 40%. The suspension forms a slurry pool in the lower part of the filter housing, and at the same time, high-pressure air is introduced from the compressed air inlet pipe 23 to maintain a constant pressure of 0.5 MPa above the filter housing to provide driving force for filtration. The filter cartridge 10 enters the slurry pool with the revolution of the planet carrier 6, and is filtered under the action of pressure difference, and the radian of the filter section is α=160°. When filtering, a filter cake is formed above the filter medium 35 , and due to the rotation of the filter cartridge 10 , the forming effect of the filter cake is excellent. At the same time, a filtrate is formed under the filter medium 35 , and the filtrate enters the central tube 38 of the filter cartridge through the filtrate tank 36 under the action of the deflector 37 . The filtrate is further led to the dynamic and static distribution head to switch, and after switching, the filtrate is discharged from the filter through the filtrate pipe. Since there is no need to wash when filtering PVC, so β=0°, it directly enters the drying and dehydration stage, and the drying and dehydration is carried out within the range of γ=70°. Under the action of compressed air, the formed filter cake is further dehydrated and dried to reduce the moisture content and control it within 5%. After drying and dehydration, enter the unloading area, the unloading area δ = 60°; use high-pressure gas backflush unloading, backflush gas P = 0.55MPa, T = 75°C. When the filter cartridge 10 with the filter cake is transferred to the top of the receiving tank 16, the distribution head is switched to the blowback gas pipe, and the high-pressure blowback gas enters the filter cartridge 10 through the filtrate channel 30 in the planetary carrier, and the filter cake is Under the action of high-pressure gas, it falls into the receiving tank 16 to complete the unloading. The filter medium 35 is also regenerated while backflushing and unloading. In order to ensure the reliability of filter medium regeneration, instantaneous high-pressure gas can be introduced within the range of ε=30° for backflushing, P=0.60MPa. At this point, a filtration cycle is over, and the regenerated filter cartridge enters the slurry pool again under the drive of revolution, and enters the next filtration cycle. The continuous production of the filter is realized under the circulation operation of multiple filter cartridges.

During production, the operating pressure of the filter is P=0.5MPa, and the operating temperature is T=70°C. The solid phase concentration of the suspension is 40%, and a filter cake layer of more than 25 mm can be formed on the filter cartridge. The output can reach 100t/h.

26 is an observation window among the figure, and 24 is a pressure gauge. Auxiliary instruments such as safety valves, liquid level gauges, and thermometers are also installed on the pressure shell to facilitate the measurement and control of the physical parameters in the filter shell.

The structure of the present invention is not limited to the structures described in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims (10)

1. A planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter, comprising: a pressure shell consisting of a head (4, 11) and a cylinder (7), one end of the pressure shell is fixed with a static distribution head (2), The inside of the pressure shell is equipped with a filter element and a discharge and slag discharge mechanism; it is characterized in that: the filter element filter cartridge (10) is installed on the main rotator, and the main rotator consists of a planetary frame (6), a filter shaft (9), a filter The cylinder (10) is composed of; the unloading and slagging mechanism is composed of a screw conveyor (12), a material receiving chute (16), a discharge scraper (25), and a baffle (27); The bearing seat (3) is installed in the center of the bearing seat (3), and the planetary carrier (6) is supported inside the pressure shell through the bearing seat (3), and is coaxial with it; the filter shaft (9) is installed on the divisional drum of the planetary carrier (6) (32), the planetary pinion (39) at one end of the filter shaft (9) meshes with the sun gear (5) fixed at one end of the bearing housing (3); the other end of the filter shaft (9) is connected to the filter shaft (42) is connected with the filter cartridge axis hole (34) of the filter cartridge (10); the unloading and slag discharge mechanism is installed in the center of the head (11) at the other end of the pressure shell through its shell receiving trough (16), and is conveyed by a screw The device (12) is installed inside the receiving trough (16), and the unloading and slag discharge mechanism is located in the central space of the right part of the main revolving body. 2. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter according to claim 1, characterized in that its planetary frame is a combined structure, including: main drive shaft (28), dynamic distribution head (29), filtrate channel (30 ), the planetary carrier end cover (31), the division drum (32), the filter shaft placement hole (33); the division drum (32) has a small axial length, and the interior is divided into multiple fan-shaped spaces, and each fan The space is independent of each other. The number of divisions of the division drum (32) is usually 8 to 16, and the number of divisions is equal to the number of filter units. Each filter unit consists of a filter cartridge (10), a filter shaft (9) and a corresponding The filtrate channel (30) is formed; the filtrate channel (30) is opened on the main body of the planet carrier and communicates with the inner space of the corresponding compartment drum (32); the main drive shaft (28) is fixedly connected with the main body of the planet carrier ; The shaft shoulder at the left end of the planet carrier acts as a dynamic distribution head (29), and its end face is opposite to the end face of the static distribution head (2) that is fixedly installed on the bearing seat (3). 3. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing seat (3) is installed in the center of the head (4) at one end of the static pressure shell; the static distribution head (2 ) is fixedly installed on the bearing seat (3); a thrust bearing is arranged in the bearing seat (3). 4. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the unloading and slag discharge mechanism consists of a screw conveyor (12), a material receiving chute (16), a discharge scraper (25), The baffle plate (27) and the driving mechanism are composed; the unloading and slagging mechanism is installed in the center of the other end of the static pressure shell head (11) through the shell receiving chute (16) of the screw conveyor (12); There is an opening above the trough (16), and the discharge scraper (25) is placed on the receiving chute (16) above the opening and inside the baffle (27); the screw conveyor (12) is directly driven by another rotating speed different from the main The power machine (13) of the rotating body speed is driven or connected with the main rotating body through a differential. 5. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its main motion mechanism is a differential motion mechanism formed by a planetary gear mechanism; each filter element is on the main transmission shaft (28) drives the planetary differential motion; its revolution and rotation speed ratio is the gear ratio of the planetary mechanism, which is determined by the gear ratio of the sun gear (5) and the planetary pinion (39) at one end of the filter shaft (9) , generally 1: 5～100; The sun gear (5) is an internal ring gear or an external gear, which is fixedly connected on the right end of the bearing seat (3). 6. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter cartridge (10) is a formed prefabricated filter element or a filter medium (35) is covered on a porous cylindrical member The filter cartridge (10) is equipped with deflectors (37), and the deflectors (37) are arranged in a star shape around the central tube (38) of the filter cartridge. The interior of the filter cartridge (10) is divided into A plurality of fan-shaped filter areas; a filtrate tank (36) is provided on the central tube (38) of the filter cartridge. 7. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter according to claim 2, characterized in that the two end faces of the dynamic distribution head (29) and the static distribution head (2) are respectively installed with a moving air disc (19) and static staggered gas disc (20), two staggered gas discs are fixedly connected with the end faces of two distribution heads respectively, and two staggered gas discs are made of soft and hard two different materials respectively. 8. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter according to claim 2, characterized in that it has a special filter shaft design: one end of the filter shaft (9) has a planetary pinion (39), and the planetary pinion (39 ) is connected with the filter shaft (9) through a key or directly processed on one end of the filter shaft (9); the part connected between the filter shaft (9) and the filter cartridge (10) must be hollow, and a filter shaft center hole (41 ), one end of the filter shaft center hole (41) communicates with the filter cartridge center pipe (38) of the filter cartridge (10), and the other end has a through hole (40) intersecting with it, so that it is connected with the inner space of the grid drum (32) Together with; a seal (8) is set at the junction of the filter shaft (9) and the grid drum (32) of the planet carrier (6). 9. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressurized filter according to claim 4, characterized in that the unloading method is mechanical scraper unloading or high-pressure gas blowback unloading: the upper opening of the receiving tank (16), A baffle (27) is provided at the opening, and the number of unloading scrapers (25) is determined according to actual needs, which is 2 to 3, located above the baffle (27) and forming a certain angle with each other; or the filter cartridge (10) is located at the baffle When the inside of the plate (27) is above, the high-pressure blowback gas is introduced from the static distribution head to carry out blowback discharge. 10. The planetary rotary small cylinder continuous pressure filter according to claim 4, characterized in that the discharge pipe (14) is vertically fixed to the tail end of the receiving tank (16); and there is a discharge controller ( 15) be arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe (14).

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