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CN101183668B - 电解电镀形成突起电极的半导体装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents

电解电镀形成突起电极的半导体装置及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101183668B
CN101183668B CN2007101596981A CN200710159698A CN101183668B CN 101183668 B CN101183668 B CN 101183668B CN 2007101596981 A CN2007101596981 A CN 2007101596981A CN 200710159698 A CN200710159698 A CN 200710159698A CN 101183668 B CN101183668 B CN 101183668B
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metal layer
protection film
semiconductor device
wiring
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CN101183668A (zh
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金子纪彦
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Zhao Tan Jing Co ltd
Aoi Electronics Co Ltd
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及用电解电镀形成突起电极的半导体装置及其制造方法,在称为具有突起电极的CSP的半导体装置的制造方法中,可以不需要干膜抗蚀剂的形成和剥离工序,并且通过电解电镀可以形成突起电极。在含有布线8的保护膜5的上面形成由聚酰亚胺类树脂等组成的保护膜9,该保护模9在与布线8的连接焊盘部相对应的部分具有开口部10。接着,形成底层金属层11。接着,通过将底层金属层11作为电镀电流路进行铜的电解电镀,在保护膜9的开口部内10中的布线8连接焊盘部上形成突起电极。此时,可以不需要干膜抗蚀剂的形成和剥离工序,并且通过电解电镀可以形成突起申极。

Description

电解电镀形成突起电极的半导体装置及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用电解电镀形成突起电极的半导体装置及其制造方法。
背景技术
在现有的半导体装置中,称为CSP(chip size package),例如在日本特开2006-229113号公报中所示,在半导体基板上设置的绝缘膜上设置布线,在布线的连接焊盘部上面设置柱状电极,在含有布线的绝缘膜的上面将密封膜和其上面的柱状电极的上面设置为构成一个面,在柱状电极的上面设置锡球。
但是,在上述现有的半导体装置的制造方法中,在布线的连接焊盘部上面形成柱状电极时,使用干膜抗蚀剂。但是,在剥离干膜抗蚀剂时,难以完全地除去,在下层布线间容易作为残渣残留。这样,如果有抗蚀剂残渣,就会有布线图案间的短路或绝缘不良等缺点的原因的问题。
发明内容
为了达到上述目的,本发明的特征在于,具有:多个布线,设置在半导体基板上;保护膜,设置在含有上述布线的上述半导体基板上,且在与上述布线的连接焊盘部相对应部分具有开口部;底层金属层,设置在上述保护膜的开口部内;突起电极,设置在上述保护膜的开口部内的底层金属层内。
另外,本发明的特征还在于,具有:在半导体基板上形成多个布线的工序;在含有上述布线的上述半导体基板上形成保护膜的工序,该保护膜在与上述布线的连接焊盘部相对应部分中具有开口部;在上述保护膜的开口部内形成底层金属层的工序;在上述保护膜的开口部的底层金属层内通过电解电镀形成突起电极的工序。
根据本发明,在与布线的连接焊盘部相对应的部分设置具有开口部的保护膜,由于在保护膜的开口部内设置底层金属层,所以可以不需要干膜抗蚀剂的形成和剥离工序,而且通过电解电镀可以形成突起电极。
附图说明
图1是作为该发明的第一实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。
图2是在图1所示的半导体装置的制造方法的一例子,最初准备的剖面图。
图3是接着图2的工序的剖面图。
图4是接着图3的工序的剖面图。
图5是接着图4的工序的剖面图。
图6是接着图5的工序的剖面图。
图7是接着图6的工序的剖面图。
图8是接着图7的工序的剖面图。
图9是接着图8的工序的剖面图。
图10是在图1所示的半导体装置的制造方法的其它例子,规定的工序的剖面图。
图11是接着图12的工序的剖面图。
图12是作为本发明的第二实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。
图13是作为本发明的第三实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。
图14是在图13所示的半导体装置的制造方法的一个例子,规定的工序的剖面图。
图15是接着图14工序的剖面图。
图16是作为本发明的第四实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。
具体实施方式
(第一实施例)
图1示出了作为本发明第一实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。该半导体装置称为CSP,具有硅基板(半导体基板)1。在硅基板1上面设置集成电路(图未示出),在上面周边部将铝类金属等构成的多个连接焊盘2与集成电路连接设置。
除了连接焊盘2的中央部的硅基板1的上面设置氧化硅等构成的绝缘膜3,连接焊盘2的中央部通过在绝缘膜3上设置的开口部4露出。在绝缘膜3的上面设置由聚酰亚胺类树脂等构成的保护膜5。在与绝缘膜3的开口部4相对应部分的保护膜5中设置开口部6。
在保护膜5上面设置由铜等构成的底层金属层7。在底层金属层7的上面整体设置由铜构成的布线8。在含有底层金属层7的布线8的一端部通过绝缘膜3和保护膜5的开口部4、6与连接焊盘2相连接。在含有布线8的保护膜5的上面设置由聚酰亚胺类树脂等构成的保护膜9。在与布线8的连接焊盘部相对应部分中的保护膜9设置开口部10。
通过保护膜9的开口部10露出的布线8的连接焊盘部上面、保护膜9的开口部10的内壁面及其周围中的保护膜9的上面设置由铜等组成的底层金属层11。在底层金属层11的上面整体设置由铜构成的突起电极12。
此时,突起电极12由设置在保护膜9的开口部10内的下部突起电极部12a和在下部突起电极12a上面及其周围的保护膜9上设置的上部突起电极部12b组成。在突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的上表面设置锡球13,该突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的上面含有设置在保护膜9的上面的底层金属层11的端面。
(制造方法的一例子)
接着,说明该半导体装置制造方法的一例。首先,如图2所示,在晶片状态的硅基板(以下称为半导体晶片21)的上面形成由铝类金属等组成的连接焊盘2、由氧化硅等组成的绝缘膜3和聚酰亚胺类树脂等组成的保护膜5,为了连接焊盘2的中央部通过形成在绝缘膜3和保护膜5中的开口部4、6露出。
此时,半导体晶片21的上面形成各半导体装置的区域中形成规定的功能的集成电路(图未示出),连接焊盘2与分别对应部分中形成的集成电路电连接。另外,在图2中,用符号22所示的区域是与切割线相对应的区域。
接着,如图3所示,在含有通过绝缘膜3和保护膜5的开口部4、6露出的连接焊盘2的上面的保护膜5的上面整体形成底层金属层7。此时,底层金属层7可以仅是通过无电解电镀形成的铜层,另外可以仅是通过溅射形成的铜层,进一步可以是通过溅射形成的钛等的薄膜层上通过溅射形成铜层。
接着,在底层金属层7的上面图案化形成电镀抗蚀剂膜23。此时,在与布线8形成区域相对应的部分中的电镀抗蚀剂膜23中形成开口部24。接着,通过将底层金属层7作为电镀电流路进行铜电解电镀,在电镀抗蚀剂膜23的开口部24内的底层金属层7的上面形成布线8。接着,剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜23,接着,将布线8作为掩模(Mask)通过蚀刻(Etching)除去在布线8下以外的区域中的底层金属层7,则如图4所示,仅在布线8下残留底层金属层7。
接着,如图5所示,在含有布线8的保护膜5的上面,通过旋转涂敷(SpinCoat)法、转移模制(Transfer Mould)法等形成由聚酰亚胺类树脂等构成的保护膜9。接着,在与布线8连接焊盘部分相对应的部分中的保护膜9中通过光刻(Photolitho-graphy)法形成开口部10。
接着,如图6所示,在含有通过保护膜9的开口部10露出的布线8连接的焊盘部上面的保护膜9的上面的整体上,通过铜溅射等形成底层金属层11。接着,在底层金属层11的上面图案化形成电镀抗蚀剂膜25。
此时,在与突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b形成区域相对应的部分的电镀抗蚀剂膜25中形成比保护膜9的开口部10更大的开口部26。电镀抗蚀剂膜25的开口部26比保护膜9的开口部10更大是考虑到形成各开口部10、26时重合的精度。
接着,通过将底层金属层11作为电镀电流路进行铜电解电镀,在保护膜9的开口部10内的底层金属层11内形成下部突起电极部12a,接着,在电镀抗蚀剂膜25的开口部26内的下部突起电极部12a和底层金属层11的上面形成上部突起电极部12b。
此时,由于电镀抗蚀剂膜25的开口部26比保护膜9的开口部10更大,所以在电镀保护膜25的开口部26内各向同性地堆积电镀。因此,在电镀抗蚀剂膜25的开口部26内形成的上部突起电极部12b成凸起的形状。接着,形成由下部突起电极部12a和上部突起电极部12b组成的突起电极12。
接着,剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜25,接着,将突起电极12作为掩模蚀刻除去突起电极12下以外的区域中的底层金属层11时,如图7所示,仅在突起电极12下残留底层金属层11。接着,在突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b上表面通过丝网(Screen)印刷法,涂敷焊剂(Flux)(未图示),接着,在焊剂上面搭载锡球(未图示)。
接着,经过回流工序,熔融在焊剂上面搭载的锡球后由于表面张力球形化固化,如图8所示,在含有保护膜9的上面形成的底层金属层11的端面的突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的上表面形成锡球13。接着,如图9所示,将半导体晶片21、绝缘膜3、保护膜5和保护膜9沿着切割线22进行切割,得到图1所示的多个半导体装置。
如上所述,在该半导体装置的制造方法的一例子中,在含有布线8的保护膜5上形成保护膜9,该保护膜9在与布线8连接焊盘部相对应部分具有开口部10,由于在保护膜9的开口部内10中布线8的连接焊盘部上通过电解电镀形成突起电极12,所以不需要称为研削这样的特殊工序。
但是,在上述专利文献1记载的半导体装置的制造方法中,参考图3进行说明,剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜23,在含有布线8的底层金属层7的上表面形成突起电极形成用的电镀抗蚀剂膜,该突起电极形成用的电镀抗蚀剂膜在布线7的连接焊盘部相对应的部分具有开口部,通过将底层金属层7作为电镀电流路进行电解电镀,在突起电极形成用电镀抗蚀剂膜的开口部内的布线8的连接焊盘部上面形成突起电极,突起电极形成用电镀抗蚀剂膜通过使用抗蚀剂剥离液进行剥离,将布线8作为掩模蚀刻除去在布线8下以外区域中的底层金属层7。
但是,在上述专利文献1中记载的半导体装置的制造方法中,作为突起电极形成用电镀抗蚀剂膜使用干膜抗蚀剂时,将突起电极形成用电镀抗蚀剂膜使用抗蚀剂剥离液剥离时,由于突起电极形成用电镀抗蚀剂膜主要仅从其上侧面进行剥离,所以布线间的间隔变得狭窄,在布线间产生抗蚀剂残渣。该抗蚀剂残渣在将布线作为掩模进行蚀刻底层金属层时,构成掩模引起蚀刻不良,成为布线间的短路的原因。
对此,在上述半导体装置的制造方法的一例中,如图6所示,在含有布线8的保护膜5的上面形成保护膜9,由于在保护膜9的上面整体性形成底层金属层11的上面形成电镀抗蚀剂膜25,所以没有在布线8间插入电镀抗蚀剂膜25,进而可以在剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜25时不易产生抗蚀剂残渣。
(制造方法的其它的例子)
接着,说明如图1所示的半导体装置的制造方法的其他例子。首先,在如图6所示的工序中,如图10所示,在底层金属层11的上面图案化形成电镀抗蚀剂膜31。此时,电镀抗蚀剂膜31的厚度成为比图6所示的电镀抗蚀剂膜25厚度更大的厚度。另外,在突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b形成区域相对应部分的电镀抗蚀剂膜31中形成开口部32。
接着,通过将底层金属层11作为电镀电流路进行铜电解电镀,在保护膜9的开口部10内的底层金属层11内形成下部突起电极部12a,接着,在电镀抗蚀剂膜31的开口部32内的下部突起电极部12a和底层金属层11的上面形成上部突起电极部12b。进而,形成由下部突起电极部12a和上部突起电极部12b组成的突起电极12。
接着,通过将底层金属层11作为电镀电流路进行锡电解电镀,在电镀抗蚀剂膜31的开口部32内的突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的上表面形成锡球形成用锡层13a。但是,此时在上述半导体装置的制造方法的一个例子中可以省略焊剂涂敷工序和锡球搭载工序。
接着,剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜31,接着,锡球形成用锡层13a作为掩模的锡球形成用锡层13a下以外的区域中蚀刻除去底层金属层11,如图11所示,仅在锡球形成用锡层13a下的突起电极12下残留底层金属层11。
接着,通过回流工序,在熔融锡球形成用锡层13a后利用表面张力球形化固化,如图8所示,含有在保护膜9的上面形成的底层金属层11的端面的突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b上表面形成锡球13。以下的工序由于与上述半导体装置的制造方法的一例子情况相同,省略该说明。
在此,说明在图1中所示的半导体装置的一部分的尺寸的一例子。保护膜5的厚度是2~10μm。底层金属层7、11的铜层的厚度是0.3~1μm。布线8的厚度是1~20μm,优选3~8μm。保护膜9的厚度是20~120μm,优选30~80μm,但是也可以是100~120μm厚度。保护膜9的开口部的直径是80~300μm,但是随着布线8的微细化等,在突起电极12的下部突起电极部12a的直径变小时,也可以为20~200μm。突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的高度以保护膜9上表面为基准,是10μm以下。
但是,在图1所示的半导体装置中,在突起电极12具有在下部突起电极部12a上具有上部突起电极部12b的结构,上部突起电极部12b的高度以保护膜9的上面为标准在10μm以下时进行说明,但是不对此限定。即突起电极12可以是上面为保护膜9的上面和一面即仅由下部突起电极部12a组成的结构。但是由于这样的面难以进行加工,如上所述,突起电极12可以在保护膜9的上面侧上可以例如10μm以下突起。
(第二实施例)
图12示出了作为本发明第二实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。在该半导体装置中,与图1所示的半导体装置不同的点,在突起电极12中,上部突起电极部12b的直径是相同的,但是下部突起电极部12a(保护膜9的开口部10)的直径更小的点。
在这样的情况下,与图1所示的半导体装置相比较,突起电极12间距是一定时,即使锡球13的支持部的上部突起电极部12b的直径相同,下部突起电极部12a(保护膜9的开口部10)的直径也会在某种程度地变小,由于下部突起电极部12a的支持部的布线8(含有底层金属层7)的连接焊盘部的直径可以变小,所以可以使布线8的连接焊盘部间的间隔变大,进而可以增加在布线8连接焊盘部间配置得到的布线8引回线部的数量,或者可以使设置在布线8引回线部的宽度等保持富余。
(第三实施例)
图13示出了作为该发明第三实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。在该半导体装置中,与图12所示的半导体装置不同的点,即使锡球13实质的直径相同,突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b的高度变高,上部突起电极部12b的表面上形成的锡球13和上部突起电极部12b的接合面积变大。在这样的情况下,由于锡球13和上部突起电极部12b的接合面积可以变大,所以可以将对锡球13的上部电极部12b的接合强度变大。
接着,说明该半导体装置的制造方法的一例子。此时,在如图10所示的工序中,如图14所示,在电镀抗蚀剂膜31的开口部32内使上部突起电极部12b的高度形成为20~200μm,优选形成为30~80μm,并在其上使锡球形成用锡层13a的高度为10~100μm,优选形成为20~50μm。
接着,剥离电镀抗蚀剂膜31,接着将锡球形成用锡层13a作为掩模蚀刻除去在锡球形成用锡层13a下以外区域中的底层金属层11,如图15所示,仅在锡球形成用锡层13a下的突起电极12下残存底层金属层11。接着,通过回流工序和切割工序,得到多个图13所示的半导体装置。
(第四实施例)
图16示出了作为该发明第四实施例的半导体装置的剖面图。在该半导体装置中,与图13所示的半导体装置不同的点是省略锡球13,在突起电极12的上部突起电极部12b上表面形成表面处理层14。此时,例如在图14所示的工序中,连续进行底层金属层11作为电镀电流路的镍和金电解电镀,在电镀抗蚀剂膜31的开口部32内的上部突起电极部12b的上表面形成由镍和金组成的两层结构的表面处理层14。

Claims (5)

1.一种半导体装置,其特征在于,具有:
半导体基板;
多个布线,设置在上述半导体基板上,分别具有连接焊盘部;
保护膜,设置在含有上述布线的上述半导体基板上,在与上述布线的连接焊盘部相对应的部分具有开口部;
底层金属层,设置在上述保护膜的开口部内和上述保护膜的开口部周围的上述保护膜上;
突起电极,由下部突起电极部和上部突起电极部组成,该下部突起电极部隔着上述底层金属层设置在上述保护膜的开口部内的、上述布线的连接焊盘部上,该上部突起电极部设置在上述下部突起电极部上及上述保护膜上所设置的上述底层金属层上;以及
锡球,覆盖上述上部突起电极部以及设置在上述保护膜的上表面的上述底层金属层的端面。
2.一种半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,具有:
在半导体基板上形成多个布线的工序,该多个布线分别具有连接焊盘部;
在含有上述布线的上述半导体基板上形成保护膜的工序,该保护膜在与上述布线的连接焊盘部相对应的部分具有开口部;
在上述保护膜的开口部内和上述保护膜的开口部周围的上述保护膜上形成底层金属层的工序;
在上述保护膜的开口部的底层金属层内及上述保护膜的开口部周围的上述保护膜上的底层金属层上,通过电解电镀形成由下部突起电极部和上部突起电极部构成的突起电极的工序,上述下部突起电极部形成在上述保护膜的开口部内的上述布线的连接焊盘部上,上述上部突起电极部与上述下部突起电极部连接,并形成在上述下部突起电极部上和设置在上述保护膜的开口部周围的上述保护膜上的上述底层金属层上;以及
形成锡球的工序,该锡球覆盖上述突起电极的上述上部突起电极部以及设置在上述保护膜上的上述底层金属层的端面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于:
在上述底层金属层的上表面形成电镀抗蚀剂膜后,形成上述突起电极,该电镀抗蚀剂膜具有比上述保护膜的开口部更大的开口部。
4.根据权利要求2所述的半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,具有:
形成上述突起电极的上部突起电极部后,在该上部突起电极部的上表面通过电解电镀形成锡层的工序。
5.根据权利要求4所述的半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,具有:
在形成上述锡层后,通过回流在上述突起电极的上部突起电极部的表面上形成由上述锡层构成的锡球的工序。
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