CN101164961A - Formulation for producing ceramic tile by using phosphorus slag and producing method thereof - Google Patents
Formulation for producing ceramic tile by using phosphorus slag and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101164961A CN101164961A CNA2007100662524A CN200710066252A CN101164961A CN 101164961 A CN101164961 A CN 101164961A CN A2007100662524 A CNA2007100662524 A CN A2007100662524A CN 200710066252 A CN200710066252 A CN 200710066252A CN 101164961 A CN101164961 A CN 101164961A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
This invention relates to the recipe and production method for producing ceramic bricks by utilizing phosphorus slag as raw material. The industrial tailings from electro-smelting method yellow phosphorus production is used as raw material with the weight parts of 3-35 parts: the other components are: flux 20-70 parts, clay 20-80 parts; the optimum proportioning is: flux 20-70 parts, clay 20-80 parts, phosphorus slag 10-30 parts. This invention has advantages of: low raw material cost, low burning temperature, white final product, easy tinting and solving the problem of piling-up the industrial wastes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prescription and production method of ceramic tile, be specifically related to a kind of prescription and production method of utilizing discarded phosphorus slag as the raw material production ceramic tile.
Background technology
Ceramic tile is the hard material that clay and other inorganic non-metallic raw material pass through suitable proportioning, pulverizing, moulding and form behind process series of physical chemical reaction under the high-temperature calcination situation, and its main chemical is SiO
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O.For reducing firing temperature, accelerate the speed of burning till, when the firing ceramics brick, need introduce molten Ji, flux can be the raw material that potassium felspar sand, albite, pegmatite, triphane, perlite, talcum, rhombspar, Wingdale, wollastonite, porcelain sand etc. have the effect of fluxing, various flux are reducing firing temperature and are accelerating in the performance embodiment such as Tao Fanying difference to some extent, for realizing low temperature fast firing, obtain good ceramic, must rationally be used flux.In recent years, ceramic enterprise extends in a large number, and some raw materials white, better performances not only cost an arm and a leg, and it is exhausted that some resource has been tending towards, so not only whiteness is poor for general ceramic body, and painted difficulty, and the firing temperature height, needing usually can burn till at 1250 ℃, quality is also undesirable.
Phosphorus slag is a kind of industrial residue that electric furnace process is discharged when preparing yellow phosphorus, and major ingredient is SiO
2, CaO, Al
2O
3Deng compound, contain a spot of Fe in addition
2O
3, P
2O
5, MgO, FO, K
2O, Na
2O etc., wherein SiO
2With the CaO total amount generally more than 80%, and the content of CaO is greater than SiO
21 ton of yellow phosphorus of every production approximately produces 8-10 ton phosphorus slag.China most phosphorus production enterprise stacks phosphorus slag as waste residue, pile up like a mountain to cause a large amount of phosphorus slags, and the air storage all the year round of so many phosphorus slag has not only taken a large amount of soils, and the P in the phosphorus slag
2O
5With other poisonous element the dashing under the pouring of rainwater, can permeate the ground and cause soil pollution.Therefore, the comprehensive utilization phosphorus slag not only has very high economic implications, but also has crucial ecology and social benefit.For making full use of the effective ingredient in the phosphorus slag, solving phosphorus slag takes up an area of and pollution problem, people have done a large amount of research, as phosphorus slag being used to produce agricultural siliceous fertilizer, cement, concrete, vitrified brick etc., pile up problem though solved the part phosphorus slag, also made full use of the effective ingredient of phosphorus slag, but the said products selling price is lower, economic benefit is not obvious.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide that a kind of can to produce cost low, firing temperature is low, white, the easy painted ceramic tile of the base substrate color of burning till, and the while can solve the prescription and the production method of a kind of production ceramic tile of squama slag pollution problem again.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention introduces ceramic tile base substrate prescription with phosphorus slag as a kind of raw materials for production, carry out suitable proportioning production ceramic tile with raw materials such as an amount of flux, clays, calculate by weight, flux accounts for 20-70 part, clay comprises 20-80 part, phosphorus slag account for 5-35 part, and preferred proportioning is: flux accounts for 20-70 part, clay comprises 20-80 part, phosphorus slag account for 10-30 part.
Molten Ji of the present invention can be the raw material that potassium felspar sand, albite, pegmatite, triphane, perlite, talcum, rhombspar, Wingdale, wollastonite, porcelain sand etc. have the effect of fluxing.Potassium felspar sand and albite are two kinds of flux the most basic, and both both can use separately, also can mix use.In general, the initial melting temperature of potassium felspar sand is than the height of albite, but owing to have white garnet and silica melt to generate during the potassium felspar sand fusion, so melt viscosity is big, helps burning till control, prevents to be out of shape; Do not have new crystalline phase to generate during the albite fusing, the liquid phase viscosity of formation is low, so fusion range is narrower.
Talcum also is a kind of good flux, also is the mineralizer of excellent property, adds a spot of talcum in base substrate, can reduce firing temperature, under lower temperature, form liquid phase, quicken the formation of mullite crystal, enlarge firing range simultaneously, improve whiteness, physical strength and thermostability.
The feldspar that in fact porcelain sand be exactly weathering, performance is similar to feldspar, but after weathering easier ball milling, its outstanding advantage is that iron content is low, whiteness is good, and cheap.
Clay is the requisite raw material of production ceramic tile, it is the rely important substance of moulding of ceramic, can be the soil that various places have viscosity, owing to its plasticity-of clay of various places, contain that irony is few, associativity good, body drying is shunk performance such as insensitive embody difference to some extent, the not necessarily above-mentioned performance of each clay is all good, so it is complementary mutually generally to get several clays.
Phosphorus slag is a kind of industrial residue that electric furnace process is discharged when preparing yellow phosphorus, similar with the character of wollastonite, have the low-temperature expansion rate, reduce drying and burn till contraction, improve burn till intensity, burn till fast, characteristic such as cohesiveness preferably, wherein the most outstanding is that dazzling whiteness is arranged.The Chemical Composition scope such as the following table of phosphorus slag among the present invention:
More than the main chemical of several raw materials all comprise SiO
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O.
With above-mentioned raw materials according to the following technological process of production produce base substrate: raw material advance factory-→ the hard raw material is thick, in broken-→ by prescription weighing goal-→ mud sieve deironing-→ suction pit is old-→ spraying drying powder process-→ powder is old-→ press is shaped-→ drying.
Utilize every index such as base substrate water-intake rate, folding strength of prescription manufacturing of the present invention to meet national standard.It burns till back base substrate color even, is pale to white, if add spot colorants such as redness, yellow, green, black on this basis, executes the transparent of one deck light again, then can obtain noble elegant spot abrasive brick; If on base substrate, execute one deck sheen translucent glaze, then can obtain beautiful ivory white abrasive brick; If on base substrate, execute the bottom surface glaze, stamp various patterns with silk screen printing again, then can produce the various ornamental brick of assortment; Can also carry out various decorations in the above,, thereby obtain the product of various class again through glaze firing.
Adopt phosphorus slag production ceramic tile, have following obvious effects:
One, the phosphorus slag coefficient of expansion is less, it is little that base substrate burns till contraction, sintering process is difficult for producing distortion, very favourable to size control, as the ceramic tile of producing 600mm, press die is changed by original 652mm and shortens present 628mm into, and promptly the green compact size is changed by original 652mm and shortens present 628mm into, illustrates to utilize happy ceramic tile that phosphorus slag produces than original every square metre of materials of saving the 1-1.5 kilogram at least.
Two, phosphorus slag can be used as a kind of flux preferably and directly quotes, its effect of fluxing is apparent in view, this is because phosphorus slag has the performance of wollastonite, it is lower that its base substrate generates lime feldspar solid state reaction temperature, be approximately about 1000-1050 ℃, the solid state reaction temperature of the mullite of Si-Al system raw material generation advantages of good crystallization is higher in the tradition base substrate, more than 1200 ℃, in base substrate, introduced calcareous phosphorus slag, reduced the lowest total of the melting point of system, reduced the maturing temperature of base substrate, reduced to present 1120 ℃, thereby saved fuel energies such as coal significantly by 1180 ℃ of original top temperatures.Simultaneously, can substitute higher feldspar of part price and talcum, feldspar is as mining deposits, and its reserves are limited, and exploitation needs substantial contribution, also can vegetation destruction, adopt phosphorus slag production ceramic tile, and not only reduced production cost, and turned waste into wealth.
Three, wollastonite is a material preferably in the production ceramic tile raw material, all use in most of producers, but the wollastonite quality is hard, need grinding and processing to handle, and price is higher, and mine resources is limited.Phosphorus slag has the general aspects of similar wollastonite, and wherein the most outstanding is that dazzling whiteness is arranged, so introduce the ceramic that phosphorus slag is produced, not only low price, and base substrate whiteness is good, and is painted easily, thereby improved the quality and the class of product greatly.
Four, phosphorus slag is a kind of material through electric furnace process high-temperature calcination output, and burning is lost less, does not contain crystal water, and is so the body drying contraction is little, very favourable to improving products surface quality.
Five, alkali metal content such as K in the phosphorus slag, Na are less, and base substrate wet swelling is little, is difficult for producing be full of cracks.
Six, the rapid passage that phosphorus slag is fibrous or fascircular texture provides moisture to get rid of can be accelerated rate of drying, improves the intensity after green strength and product burn till.
Seven, phosphorus slag adds in the base substrate, through pyroreaction, has removed toxic substance, i.e. environmental protection is healthy again.
Because of the phosphorus production enterprise of China widely distributed, the phosphorus slag in the different places of production since when producing yellow phosphorus the chemical constitution of used Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL), silica, coke different with proportion relation, cause the content of each Chemical Composition of various places phosphorus slag also to be not quite similar, so adopting the squama slag is that each proportion of raw materials of raw material production ceramic tile also can be distinguished to some extent because of the difference of phosphorus slag Chemical Composition content, but generally speaking, the major ingredient of various places phosphorus slag or SiO
2, CaO, Al
2O
3Deng compound, and a spot of Fe
2O
3, P
2O
5, MgO, FO, K
2O, Na
2O etc., so the squama slag of various places can be used for the production ceramic tile, just proportion relation can be done corresponding adjustment because of the difference of each Chemical Composition content in the squama slag.
Specific embodiment
Squama slag with locality, Yuxi Yimen County, Yunnan Province is an example as raw materials for production below, and the invention will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments.Following raw material is all the raw material that take in different places this area, and its chemical constitution is the mean value of this raw material, and concrete composition sees the following form:
Embodiment 1:
Get 5 tons of 2# phosphorus slags, 15 tons of feldspars, 20 tons in porcelain sand, 18 tons of Yang Bao village clays, 18 tons of tu guan's clays, 13 tons of sieve china clay, 8 tons in six street black earth, 3 tons in talcum adds 0.3 ton of water reducer.Each Chemical Composition of prescription behind the composition is:
SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | IL |
70.15 | 14.61 | 1.32 | 0.17 | 3.93 | 1.27 | 3.17 | 0.77 | 4.59 |
By said ratio, detect raw material moisture content, accurately the weighing goal, ball milling to 10000-hole sieve surplus≤3%, deironing is sieved, blowing is old, spray-dried tower powder process was gone into feed bin old about 24 hours, again through press-molding, drying, carrying out coloured silk point then on its dry base substrate decorates, execute in the above the veryyer thin transparent of one deck (35Be, 300 the gram/square metre), go into roller kiln and once burn till (1145 ℃ of top temperatures fast, 30 minutes cycles), obtain the various coloured silk point abrasive brick of color.
Each technical indicator of ceramic tile of producing is: water-intake rate 5.0-6.5%, folding strength>18MPa, premium grads qualification rate>95%, every index all reaches the GB/T4100-2006 national standard.
Embodiment 2:
Get 35 tons of 2# phosphorus slags, 20 tons in porcelain sand, 15 tons of eight street clays, 15 tons of tu guan's clays, 10 tons in six street black earth, 3 tons in talcum, 5 tons of Yang Bao village clays add 0.3 ton of water reducer.Each Chemical Composition of prescription behind the composition is:
SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | IL |
59.20 | 12.03 | 1.45 | 0.25 | 18.89 | 1.05 | 2.10 | 0.3 | 4.62 |
By said ratio, detect raw material moisture content, accurate weighing goal, ball milling to 10000-hole sieve surplus≤3%, the deironing blowing that sieves is old, spray-dried tower powder process, pan feeding look old about 24 hours is again through press-molding, drying.This prescription whiteness is better, can carry out various decorations on its base substrate, as executing the very thin transparent of one deck thereon, goes into roller kiln and once burns till (1115 ℃ of top temperatures, 35 minutes cycles) fast, can obtain glittering and translucent true qualities abrasive brick.
Each technical indicator of ceramic tile of producing is: water-intake rate less than 4%, folding strength>20Mpa, every index all reaches the GB/T4100-2006 national standard.
Embodiment 3:
Get 15 tons of 1# phosphorus slags, 10 tons of feldspars, 18 tons in porcelain sand, 12 tons of Yang Bao village clays, 15 tons of eight street clays, 16 tons of tu guan's clays, 12 tons of sieve china clay, 2 tons in talcum adds 0.3 ton of water reducer.Each Chemical Composition of prescription behind the composition is:
SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | IL |
65.96 | 14.34 | 1.87 | 0.24 | 8.10 | 1.25 | 2.25 | 0.61 | 4.46 |
By said ratio, detect raw material moisture content, accurately the weighing goal, ball milling to 10000-hole sieve surplus≤4%, the deironing blowing that sieves is old, spray-dried tower powder process, pan feeding look old about 24 hours, mix again in black pigment, through press shaping, drying, execute transparent, go into roller kiln and burn till (1135 ℃ of top temperatures, 35 minutes cycles), obtain color even, the lucid and lively Sesame White ceramic wear-resisting brick of tone.
Each technical indicator of ceramic tile of producing is: water-intake rate 6.5-7.5%, folding strength>19MPa, premium grads qualification rate>93%, every index all reaches the GB/T4100-2006 national standard.
Embodiment 4:
Get 20 tons of 1# phosphorus slags, 7 tons of feldspars, 23 tons in porcelain sand, 10 tons of Yang Bao village clays, 15 tons of eight street clays, 13 tons of tu guan's clays, 12 tons of sieve china clay add 0.3 ton of water reducer.Each Chemical Composition of prescription behind the composition is:
SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | IL |
64.93 | 14.35 | 1.81 | 0.23 | 9.90 | 0.97 | 2.70 | 0.63 | 4.20 |
State proportioning by last art, detect raw material moisture content, accurate weighing goal, ball milling to 10000-hole sieve surplus≤4%, the deironing blowing that sieves is old, spray-dried tower powder process, pan feeding look old about 24 hours mixes in black pigment again, be shaped through press, the dry base substrate that gets, this prescription whiteness is better, can execute various glaze on its base substrate, obtains different products, as the translucent glaze of executing one deck sheen can obtain beautiful ivory white abrasive brick, also can the upper base cover-coat enamel, stamp obtains the bright-colored various ornamental bricks of color, above-mentioned base substrate is gone into roller kiln burn till (1125 ℃ of firing temperatures, cycle 30-35 minute).
Each technical indicator of ceramic tile of producing is: water-intake rate 6-7%, folding strength>18MPa, premium grads qualification rate>92%, every index all reaches the GB/T4100-2006 national standard.
Embodiment 5
Get 32 tons of 1# phosphorus slags, 25 tons in porcelain sand, 12 tons of Yang Bao village clays, 18 tons of eight street clays, 10 tons of tu guan's clays, 3 tons in talcum adds 0.3 ton of water reducer.Each Chemical Composition of prescription behind the composition is:
SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | IL |
60.20 | 12.93 | 1.98 | 0.29 | 16.03 | 1.52 | 2.32 | 0.24 | 4.19 |
By said ratio, detect raw material moisture content, accurately the weighing goal, ball milling to 10000-hole sieve surplus≤4%, the deironing blowing that sieves is old, spray-dried tower powder process, pan feeding look old about 24 hours mixes in black pigment again, through press shaping, drying, get base substrate, this prescription temperature is lower, and top temperature is not higher than 1120 ℃, and whiteness is better, is suitable for doing the abrasive brick of pastel shade, as yellow, manganese river spot etc., the product of being produced is noble elegant, and color is clear.
Each technical indicator of ceramic tile of producing is: water-intake rate 5%, folding strength>19MPa, premium grads qualification rate>95%, every index all reaches the GB/T4100-2006 national standard.
Embodiment 6
Add influence and the original production formulations reference table of the amount of phosphorus slag among the embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 to firing temperature, cycle, cost, color:
Embodiment | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 2 | The original production prescription | |
Raw materials for production | The 2# phosphorus slag | 5 | 35 | ||||
The 1# phosphorus slag | 15 | 20 | 32 | ||||
Feldspar | 15 | 10 | 7 | 38 | |||
Porcelain sand | 20 | 18 | 23 | 25 | 20 | 10 | |
Yang Bao village clay | 18 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 5 | 12 | |
Eight street clays | 15 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 15 | ||
Sieve china clay | 13 | 12 | 12 | 10 | |||
Tu guan's clay | 18 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 11 | |
Talcum | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||
Six street black earth | 8 | 10 | |||||
Firing temperature (℃) | 1145 | 1135 | 1125 | 1120 | 1115 | 1180 | |
Firing period (min) | 30 | 35 | 30-35 | 32 | 35 | 38 | |
Color | Faint yellow | Shallow white | Shallow white | Whiteness is good | Whiteness is good | Red partially blackout | |
Cost (unit/jin) | 2.47 | 2.26 | 2.12 | 1.93 | 1.85 | 2.56 |
Claims (10)
1. a prescription that utilizes phosphorus slag production ceramic tile comprises flux, clay, it is characterized in that: adopt phosphorus slag to carry out suitable proportioning production ceramic tile as raw materials for production and flux, clay.
2. the prescription that utilizes phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: calculate by weight, flux accounts for 20-70 part, clay comprises 20-80 part, and phosphorus slag accounts for 5-35 part.
3. the prescription that utilizes phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 2 is characterized in that: calculate by weight, flux accounts for 20-70 part, clay comprises 20-80 part, and phosphorus slag accounts for 10-30 part.
5. according to any prescription that utilizes phosphorus slag production ceramic tile of being gone back in the claim 1,2 or 3, tool is characterised in that: described fusing assistant can be one or more in feldspar, pegmatite, lithium lime stone, perlite, talcum, rhombspar, Wingdale, wollastonite, the porcelain sand; Clay can be the soil that various places have viscosity.
6. the method for utilizing phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described fusing assistant can be one or more in feldspar, pegmatite, lithium lime stone, perlite, talcum, rhombspar, Wingdale, wollastonite, the porcelain sand; Clay can be the soil that various places have viscosity.
7. according to any described method of utilizing phosphorus slag production ceramic tile in the claim 1,2,3, it is characterized in that: this technical process is: raw material advance factory-→ the hard raw material is thick, in broken-→ by prescription weighing goal-→ mud sieve deironing-→ suction pit is old-→ spraying drying powder process-→ powder is old-→ press is shaped-→ drying.
8. the method for utilizing phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 4 is characterized in that: this technical process is: raw material advance factory-→ the hard raw material is thick, in broken-→ by prescription weighing goal-→ mud sieve deironing-→ suction pit is old-→ spraying drying powder process-→ powder is old-→ press is shaped-→ drying.
9. the method for utilizing phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 5 is characterized in that: this technical process is: raw material advance factory-→ the hard raw material is thick, in broken-→ by prescription weighing goal-→ mud sieve deironing-→ suction pit is old-→ spraying drying powder process-→ powder is old-→ press is shaped-→ drying.
10. the method for utilizing phosphorus slag production ceramic tile according to claim 6 is characterized in that: this technical process is: raw material advance factory-→ the hard raw material is thick, in broken-→ by prescription weighing goal-→ mud sieve deironing-→ suction pit is old-→ spraying drying powder process-→ powder is old-→ press is shaped-→ drying.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103817137A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 左伏根 | Harmless disposal method for solid hazardous waste phosphated residue |
CN104016658A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-03 | 马东升 | Method of preparing interior wall tile by using local wastes in Inner Mongolia and interior wall tile product prepared by same |
RU2540990C1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-02-10 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Ceramic mass |
CN106220219A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 北京大学 | With environment friendly pervious brick that blast furnace slag and mud are prepared for major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
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RU2540990C1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-02-10 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Ceramic mass |
CN103817137A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 左伏根 | Harmless disposal method for solid hazardous waste phosphated residue |
CN103817137B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-01-27 | 左伏根 | A kind of method for innocent treatment of solid hazardous waste material phosphatization slag |
CN104016658A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-03 | 马东升 | Method of preparing interior wall tile by using local wastes in Inner Mongolia and interior wall tile product prepared by same |
CN104016658B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-07-29 | 马东升 | A kind of local waste material in the Inner Mongol that utilizes prepares the method for internal wall brick and obtained internal wall brick product thereof |
CN106220219A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 北京大学 | With environment friendly pervious brick that blast furnace slag and mud are prepared for major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
CN107244888A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-13 | 山东绿澄新材料科技有限公司 | The method that water-permeable brick ceramic matrix is produced using waste ceramic mud |
CN109400111A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-01 | 王远川 | A kind of sanitary ware cooling blender and its application method |
CN109400111B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2021-07-13 | 王远川 | Sanitary ware cooling blender and using method thereof |
CN111875353A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-11-03 | 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 | Temperature-adjusting slurry for improving firing temperature of spot brick, spot brick and manufacturing method thereof |
CN111875353B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-11-01 | 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 | Temperature-adjusting slurry for improving firing temperature of spot brick, spot brick and manufacturing method thereof |
CN114149247A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-08 | 新明珠集团股份有限公司 | Super-thick black coffee through-body ceramic tile and preparation method and application thereof |
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