CN101156691A - A kind of production method and product thereof of high active corn bran dietary fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a production method of high-activity corn bran dietary fiber and its products, which belong to the technical field of deep processing of agricultural products. It includes: crushing the corn bran raw material and mixing it with corn starch at a ratio of 1:4 for extrusion and puffing; first enzymolyzing it with high-temperature-α-amylase, and then enzymolyzing it with acid protease to prepare high-activity corn bran dietary fiber, centrifuging Filter, dry and shape below 75°C to prepare light yellow corn bran dietary fiber. The technology of the invention can improve the microstructure and composition of corn bran dietary fiber, and increase the content of soluble dietary fiber by 10-40%; use enzymatic hydrolysis technology to remove starch, protein and other components in dietary fiber, and the content of dietary fiber can reach more than 90%. . The product corn husk dietary fiber has high purity and high activity, which meets the needs of consumers for pure natural high-activity dietary fiber food, and has broad market development prospects.

Description

A kind of production method and product thereof of high active corn bran dietary fiber

1. Technical field

The invention relates to a production method of high-activity corn bran dietary fiber and a product thereof, belonging to the technical field of deep processing of agricultural products.

2. Technical background

Before the 1970s, nutritionists believed that crude fiber was a non-nutritive ingredient that had no nutritional effect on the human body. With the in-depth research and development of nutrition and medicine, especially in the late 1970s, people found that this "non-nutrient" is closely related to human health, and it plays an important role in preventing certain diseases of the human body. The term "crude fiber" was gradually replaced by "dietary fiber". Denis Burkitt and Hugh Trowell and others proposed that coarse grains or foods rich in dietary fiber can prevent some diseases that occur in Western societies such as bowel cancer, diverticular disease, appendicitis, constipation, hemorrhoids, diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol and obesity illness etc. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) officially announced for the first time in January 1997 that "water-soluble dietary fiber in oats can reduce the incidence of heart disease." Modern medical research has confirmed that dietary fiber can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, control diabetes, inhibit colon cancer, treat constipation, and lose weight. The National Institutes of Health of the United States believes that dietary fiber has a certain effect on the prevention of diabetes; the American Diabetes Association recommends that people with diabetes should consume 40 grams of dietary fiber per day; the European Diabetes Research Association believes that every 1,000 calories in the diet should include 25 grams of water-soluble fiber per day .

Now, many countries regard dietary fiber as an important nutrient, and propose a reasonable intake in people's dietary nutrition. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends a daily dietary fiber intake of 25-30g per person; the US FDA recommends a daily intake of 20-35g per person; the British National Advisory Committee recommends a daily vitamin intake of 25g-30g per person . Dietary fiber has the physiological functions of swelling, water holding capacity, colloid formation, ion exchange, improving gastrointestinal microbial colony and low heat production. Soluble dietary fiber will expand when it meets water and can become a transparent gel-like substance. It forms a mucous membrane, slows down the digestion and absorption of food nutrients, is more easily fermented and utilized by intestinal bacteria in the intestine, and has stronger physiological functions than insoluble dietary fiber in many aspects. Studies have shown that the ratio of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber has an important impact on the physiological activity of dietary fiber, and the reasonable ratio is about 1:3.

Western developed countries just began to carry out the research and development of dietary fiber as early as the 1970s. Now, dietary fiber-enhanced functional foods are very popular in Europe, America and Japan. The United States, Britain, Germany, and France have formed certain Industrial scale, and occupy a place in the food market. The U.S. has established the Dietary Fiber Association (USDA), and in the annual sales of 6,000,000,000 U.S. dollars of convenient cereals, about 20% are functional foods rich in dietary fiber. Since the late 1980s, Japan has developed carbonated beverages, lactic acid beverages, and fruit juices rich in soluble dietary fiber. The dietary fiber resources developed and utilized include: rice bran, wheat bran, beet pulp, corn, soybean, hemp, fruit peel, and seed polysaccharides. , konjac, chitin and more than ten kinds. Dietary fibers that have been studied abroad mainly include grains, beans, fruits and vegetables, microbial polysaccharides and other natural fibers and synthetic and semi-synthetic fibers, totaling more than 30 varieties, of which more than 10 are used in actual production. Disease methods have also emerged in some countries. Research on the preparation, production and application of dietary fiber in my country is still in its infancy, and it is not deep enough. The present invention mainly conducts in-depth research on corn husk dietary fiber mainly from the two aspects of dietary fiber resource development and improvement of extraction method, increases the content of soluble dietary fiber in corn husk dietary fiber through extrusion and puffing, and adopts enzymatic treatment to further remove dietary fiber The addition of starch and protein makes the content of corn bran dietary fiber reach more than 90%, improves the purity and physiological activity of corn bran dietary fiber, and has important social value, economic benefit and market prospect.

3. Contents of the invention

Technical Problems The present invention mainly aims at the serious shortage of dietary fiber taken in modern people's dietary life and the status quo that corn bran, a by-product of corn starch processing rich in dietary fiber, is largely discarded. It uses cheap corn bran as raw material, adopts extrusion and enzyme The combination of processing technology improves the microstructure of corn bran dietary fiber, increases the content of soluble dietary fiber, and prepares high-activity, high-purity corn bran dietary fiber, which can be used for direct consumption or for the development of functional foods, greatly improving the The comprehensive utilization value of corn husk has broad market development prospects.

Technical solution The production method for preparing high-activity corn bran dietary fiber provided by the invention includes:

1) Extrusion and puffing of corn husk raw material: crush the corn husk raw material, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix it with corn starch at a ratio of 1:4 for extrusion and puffing. During puffing, adjust the water content at 12-24%, the puffing temperature at 110-220° C., and the screw rotation speed at 200-800 rpm.

2) Preparation of high-activity corn bran dietary fiber by enzymatic method: crush the puffed raw materials, use high-temperature-α-amylase for enzymolysis, set pH 6.0-7.5, enzymolysis temperature 90-100°C, enzymolysis time 30- 60 minutes, add enzyme amount 0.02-0.5%. Then, acid protease is used for enzymolysis, the pH is set at 2.5-4.5, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60° C., the enzymolysis time is 30-60 minutes, and the amount of enzyme added is 0.05-0.25%.

3) Drying and molding of corn bran dietary fiber:

The enzymatic hydrolysis product was centrifuged and filtered to collect the precipitate 1;

After the filtrate was concentrated, absolute ethanol was added for low-temperature precipitation, and the precipitate 2 was collected;

Precipitate 1 and Precipitate 2 are dried and molded below 75°C to prepare light yellow corn bran dietary fiber.

For the preparation method of the above-mentioned high-activity corn bran dietary fiber, the high-temperature-α amylase used is produced by Zhaodong Guoke North Enzyme Co., Ltd., and the enzyme activity is 20000U/mL; the acid protease used is Zhaodong Guoke North Enzyme Co., Ltd. Produced by the company, the enzyme activity is 20000U/mL, and the pH value of the feed solution is adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid solution.

Beneficial effects The present invention aims at a large amount of corn husk waste produced in the production process of corn starch in my country, and successfully prepares corn husk waste rich in soluble dietary fiber by combining extrusion expansion and enzyme treatment with new technology, controlling the process parameters and conditions of expansion and enzymatic hydrolysis Highly active natural corn husk dietary fiber. By adopting twin-screw extrusion technology, the structure of corn bran dietary fiber is improved, the proportion and content of soluble dietary fiber are increased, and starch, protein and other components in dietary fiber are removed by enzymatic hydrolysis technology, and high activity and high purity corn bran are obtained. Dietary fiber. The corn husk dietary fiber prepared by the present invention has stronger water holding capacity and swelling power than the corn husk dietary fiber prepared by the conventional method, and has more soluble dietary fiber content, high physiological activity, natural, safe, health care and other characteristics, and can be added to food It can improve the functionality of food, meet the needs of consumers for pure natural health food, and has broad market development prospects.

Main advantage of the present invention and positive effect are as follows:

1. The raw material of corn bran is processed by extruding technology, which improves the structure of corn bran dietary fiber, increases the content of soluble dietary fiber by 10-40%, and provides favorable conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis treatment.

2. The starch in the corn bran dietary fiber can be removed by high temperature-α-amylase treatment.

3. The protein in the corn bran dietary fiber can be removed by acid protease treatment, and the purity of the corn bran dietary fiber can reach more than 90% after amylase and protease treatment.

4. Dry the enzymatically hydrolyzed dietary fiber at low temperature to obtain light yellow highly active corn husk dietary fiber, which can be eaten directly or used as a functional food ingredient, and has broad market prospects.

4. Specific implementation

Crush the corn husk raw material, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix it with corn starch (produced by Qinhuangdao Lihua Starch Co., Ltd., executive standard: GB12309-90) at a ratio of 1:4. Adjust the moisture content to 12-24%, set the puffing temperature to 110-220° C., control the rotation speed of the screw to 200-800 rpm, and then carry out extrusion puffing.

Crush the puffed raw material, use high-temperature-α-amylase for enzymolysis, adjust pH 6.0-7.5, enzymolysis temperature 90-100°C, enzymolysis time 30-60 minutes, and add enzyme amount 0.02-0.5%. Then, acid protease is used for enzymolysis, the pH is set at 2.5-4.5, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60° C., the enzymolysis time is 30-60 minutes, and the amount of enzyme added is 0.05-0.25%.

The enzymatically hydrolyzed dietary fiber is dried and molded below 75° C., and light yellow corn bran dietary fiber is finally obtained.

Example 1

Get 200 grams of dried corn husks, grind and sieve with a FW177 type Chinese medicine pulverizer (produced by Tianjin Taylor Instrument Co., Ltd.), add 800 grams of cornstarch and mix evenly, add an appropriate amount of water, and measure the moisture content with a grain moisture meter. 18% will do. Pour the prepared raw material powder into the feeding hopper of the twin-screw extrusion extruder, turn on the power, set the extruding temperature to 180°C, control the rotation speed of the twin-screw to 500 rpm, and the screw speed of the feeding hopper to 600 rpm, and then carry out Extruded puffed.

Use the FW177 type Chinese medicine pulverizer (produced by Tianjin Teluste Instrument Co., Ltd.) to pulverize the raw material after puffing, put it in the enzymolysis tank, add 10 liters of water, adjust the pH value of the feed solution to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid solution, and use YJ501 type super thermostat (produced by Shanghai Suopu Instrument Co., Ltd.) controls the enzymolysis temperature at 95°C, and adds 0.15% high-temperature-α-amylase (produced by Zhaodong Guoke North Enzyme Preparation Co., Ltd.) while stirring, and the enzyme activity is 20000U/ mL), stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the pH value of the feed solution was adjusted to 3.0 with hydrochloric acid solution, and the enzymolysis temperature was controlled at 40°C with a super constant temperature water bath, and 0.10% acid protease was added while stirring (produced by Zhaodong Guoke North Enzyme Preparation Co., Ltd., the enzyme activity is 20000U /mL), stirred for 45 minutes.

Centrifuge the enzymatic hydrolysis product, collect the precipitate; concentrate the filtrate to 3 liters, add 9 liters of absolute ethanol, and precipitate at low temperature for 4 hours, and dry the precipitate together with the previous precipitate at 45°C to form a final product Light yellow corn husk dietary fiber 185 grams. The purity of the dietary fiber of the product corn husk is 92%, and the content of soluble dietary fiber is 50%, which is 30% higher than that before puffing.

Example 2

Take 300 grams of dry corn husks, crush and sieve, add 700 grams of corn starch and mix evenly, add an appropriate amount of water, measure the water content to 15% with a grain moisture meter, and pour the prepared raw material powder into a twin-screw extrusion extruder In the feeding hopper, turn on the power, set the puffing temperature to 150°C, control the twin-screw rotation speed to 450 rpm, and the feeding hopper screw speed to 500 rpm, and then perform extrusion and puffing.

Crush the puffed raw material, put it into the enzymolysis tank, add 10 liters of water, use sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value of the feed solution to 7.0, use a super constant temperature water bath to control the enzymolysis temperature at 95°C, and add 0.15 liters of water while stirring. % high-temperature-α-amylase, stirred for 30 minutes. Then, adjust the pH value of the feed solution to 3.0 with hydrochloric acid solution, control the enzymolysis temperature at 40°C with a super constant temperature water bath, add 0.10% acid protease while stirring, and stir for 45 minutes for enzymolysis.

Centrifuge and filter the enzymatic hydrolysis product, collect the precipitate; concentrate the filtrate to 3 liters, add 9 liters of absolute ethanol, and precipitate at low temperature for 4 hours, and dry the precipitate together with the previous precipitate to form a light yellow corn Skin dietary fiber 288 grams. The purity of the dietary fiber of the product corn husk is up to 90%, and the content of soluble dietary fiber is 45%, which is 25% higher than that before puffing.

Claims (6)

1. the production method of a high activity cmaize peel food fibre comprises:

1) extrusion of corn bran raw material: corn bran raw material is pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, mix with cornstarch with 1: 4 ratio then, carry out extrusion, the corn bran raw material moisture is at 12-24% when expanded, and swelling temperature is at 110-220 ℃, and the screw rod rotary speed is at 200-800 rev/min;

2) enzyme process prepares high activity cmaize peel food fibre: with the raw material pulverizing after expanded, carry out enzymolysis, set pH6.0-7.5 with high temperature-alpha amylase, and hydrolysis temperature 90-100 ℃, enzymolysis time 30-60 minute, enzyme concentration 0.02-0.5%; Carry out enzymolysis with acid protease again, set pH2.5-4.5, hydrolysis temperature 30-60 ℃, enzymolysis time 30-60 minute, enzyme concentration 0.05-0.25%;

3) drying and moulding of cmaize peel food fibre:

With enzymolysis product centrifugal filtration, collecting precipitation thing 1;

Again filtrate is concentrated the back and add absolute ethyl alcohol, low-temperature precipitation, collecting precipitation thing 2;

Sediment 1 and sediment 2 at drying and moulding below 75 ℃, are made lurid cmaize peel food fibre.

2. according to the production method of the described a kind of high activity cmaize peel food fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that: used high temperature-alpha amylase is that north enzyme preparation Co., Ltd of Zhaodong state section produces, and enzyme activity is 20000U/mL.

3. according to the production method of claim 1 or 2 described a kind of high activity cmaize peel food fibres, it is characterized in that: used acid protease is that north enzyme preparation Co., Ltd of Zhaodong state section produces, and enzyme activity is 20000U/mL.

4. according to the production method of claim 1 or 2 described a kind of high activity cmaize peel food fibres, it is characterized in that: regulate material liquid pH value with NaOH or hydrochloric acid solution.

5. according to the production method of the described a kind of high activity cmaize peel food fibre of claim 3, it is characterized in that: regulate material liquid pH value with NaOH or hydrochloric acid solution.

6. the product that production method obtained of the described high activity cmaize peel food fibre of one of claim 1-5.