CN101121418A - Electric four-wheel independent drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric four-wheel independent drive vehicle includes a skeleton external body, an integrated chassis, an independent suspension, an instrument panel, a steering device, a drive system and a brake system. The vehicle body of the present invention adopts steel pipe welding to form an external frame structure, and occupants are accommodated in the strong steel structure, thereby improving life safety; the vehicle chassis structure is simplified and driving efficiency is improved. The speed regulating pedal controls the four electric wheels through four independent controllers. The speed regulating pedal is connected in series with the four controllers, and each controller is connected to one electric wheel respectively. There is no mechanical transmission between the four electric wheels. In this way, both the stable steering control of the front-wheel drive, the high climbing performance of the rear-wheel drive, and the advantages of good acceleration performance of the four-wheel drive; effectively realize the lightweight and miniaturization of the car, and have high transmission efficiency. Low noise, low vibration, fast torque response, good safety and stability.

Description

Electric four-wheel independent drive vehicle

Technical field:

The invention relates to an automobile, in particular to an electric four-wheel independently driven automobile with electric energy as the only direct driving energy, which belongs to a means of transportation.

Background technique:

At present, the known electric vehicle is driven by a single motor front wheel or rear wheel, there is a transmission mechanism between the motor and the wheel, and a differential device is required between the two driving wheels to realize steering. This increases the complexity of the car's chassis, while also reducing the efficiency of the drivetrain. At the same time, general electric vehicles cannot take into account the stable steering control that front-wheel drive has, the high climbing performance of rear-wheel drive, and the advantages of good acceleration performance of four-wheel drive. Generally, the chassis and body of electric vehicles are separated, and the external structure of the body lacks protective measures for occupants.

Invention content:

Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a simple, safe and four-wheel-drive electric independent four-wheel drive vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electric four-wheel independent drive vehicle, comprising a frame external body (16), an integrated chassis (15), independent suspension (2), instrument panel (12), steering gear , drive system and brake system. Outboard body (16) is fixed on the one-piece chassis (15). Instrument panel (12), steering gear, driving system and braking system are all fixed on the integrated chassis (15). The steering device includes: a steering wheel (8) and a steering gear (13). Steering wheel (8) is connected with steering gear (13). The instrument panel (12) is at the front end of the steering wheel (8). The driving system includes: electric wheels (1), a driving mode switching switch (4), a speed governor (5), a speed regulating pedal (6), a controller (11), a storage battery (10), and a phase modulation switch (18). The braking system includes: a brake disc (3), a brake pedal (7), a brake master cylinder (9), a brake cylinder (14), and a brake pad (17). The electric wheels (1) are fixed on the four corners of the integrated chassis (15), and are connected with the external vehicle body (16) through the independent suspension (2). The brake disc (3) is connected with the electric wheel (1), and the brake pads (17) are located in the brake cylinder (14) and placed at the two ends of the brake disc (3). Brake pedal (7) links to each other with brake master cylinder (9), and brake master cylinder (9) links to each other with brake cylinder (14) through oil pipe. The governor (5) links to each other with the governor pedal (6). The speed governor (5), the storage battery (10) are connected with the drive mode switching switch (4). The phase modulation switch (18) is connected with the electric wheel (1).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The body is welded with steel pipes to form an external frame structure, and the occupants are contained in the strong steel structure, which improves the safety of life.

2. The body is attached to the chassis and forms an inseparable whole through welding. The invention simplifies the chassis structure of the automobile and improves the driving efficiency. The wheelbase of the vehicle is greater than the width of the vehicle body, which improves the structural stability of the vehicle and improves the safety.

3. The speed regulating pedal controls four electric wheels respectively through four independent controllers, among which the speed regulating pedal is connected in series with the four controllers, and each controller is connected to one electric wheel respectively, and there is no gap between the four electric wheels. The mechanical transmission connection combines the stable steering control of the front-wheel drive, the high climbing performance of the rear-wheel drive, and the good acceleration performance of the four-wheel drive.

4. Effectively realize the lightweight and miniaturization of automobiles, with high transmission efficiency, low noise, low vibration, fast torque response, safety, and good stability. At the same time, the manufacturing process is simple, the production and use costs are low, and energy saving Environmental protection, easier to realize industrialization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a front perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the chassis of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the drive system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a working principle diagram of the braking system of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

As shown in Figures 1-5: an electric four-wheel independent drive vehicle, including a skeleton external body 16, an integrated chassis 15, an independent suspension 2, an instrument panel 12, a steering device, a drive system and a braking system. The outboard body 16 is fixed on the integrated chassis 15 . The instrument panel 12 , steering gear, drive system and brake system are all fixed on the integrated chassis 15 . Steering device: including steering wheel 8 and steering gear 13 . The steering wheel 8 is connected to the steering gear 13 . The instrument panel 12 is located at the front end of the steering wheel 8 . The drive system includes: electric wheels 1 , a drive mode switch 4 , a speed governor 5 , a speed control pedal 6 , a controller 11 , a storage battery 10 , and a phase modulation switch 18 . The braking system includes: a brake disc 3, a brake pedal 7, a brake master cylinder 9, a brake cylinder 14, and a brake pad 17. The electric wheels 1 are fixed on the four corners of the integrated chassis 15 and connected with the external vehicle body 16 through the independent suspension 2 . The brake disc 3 is connected with the electric wheel 1 , and the brake pads 17 are located in the brake cylinder 14 and placed at both ends of the brake disc 3 . Brake pedal 7 is connected with brake master cylinder 9, and brake master cylinder 9 is connected with brake cylinder 14 through oil pipe. The speed governor 5 is connected with the speed regulating pedal 6 . The speed governor 5 and the storage battery 10 are connected to the drive mode switching switch 4 . The phase modulation switch 18 is connected with the electric wheel 1 .

Working principle: On the chassis of the vehicle, four independent drive mechanisms form the drive system. Each driving mechanism is composed of electric wheels, a controller, and a battery, and the driver controls four driving mechanisms simultaneously through a governor. The governor sends four identical power signals to the four controllers. According to the signal, the four controllers output current to the four electric wheels respectively, and the electric wheels rotate to realize the driving of the car. When the car needs to turn, the steering wheel drives the steering gear to deflect the front wheels to realize the turn. There is no mechanical transmission connection between the four electric wheels, and the speed of each wheel is a follower variable. Therefore, when the car is driving and turning, each wheel automatically adjusts the differential speed according to the driving conditions. The speed regulation and braking of the car are controlled by the speed regulation pedal and the brake pedal respectively. The speed regulating pedal and the brake pedal are arranged in the right front of the car seat, and both are controlled by the driver's right foot. Among them, the speed regulating pedal is set on the right side of the brake pedal. When the driver controls the speed regulating pedal, the larger the rotation angle, the greater the current output by the controller, and the faster the vehicle speed; and when the pedal is fully lifted, the electric wheel stop working. At this time, when the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake master cylinder simultaneously makes the four brake cylinders receive hydraulic pressure through the brake oil pipe, and respectively squeezes the brake pads to and rubs against the brake disc to realize braking and parking. The drive mode switching switch controls the power on or off of the front electric wheels and the rear electric wheels respectively. The four controllers are controlled by the drive mode switching switch to control the electric wheels, which can be switched to three modes of front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive according to the needs of the driver. When the car wants to realize reversing, it adopts the front-wheel drive mode. After the phase modulation switch is turned on, the front wheels are reversed, thereby realizing reversing. In the present invention, the mechanical transmission system of the traditional automobile disappears, and the intermediate links of the transmission are reduced, so as to simplify the chassis structure, improve the driving efficiency, realize the light weight of the automobile, and improve the transmission noise, vibration and fast torque response.

Claims (4)

1. electric four-wheeled independent driving automobile, comprise the steering hardware and the gauge panel (12) that constitute by bearing circle (8) and steering box (13), bearing circle (8) is connected with steering box (13), gauge panel (12) is in the front end of bearing circle (8), it is characterized in that, also comprise skeleton external vehicle body (16), integral type chassis (15), independent suspension (2), drive system and brake system; External vehicle body (16) is fixed on the integral type chassis (15); Steering hardware, drive system and brake system all are fixed on the integral type chassis (15).

2. electric four-wheeled independent driving automobile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that drive system comprises: electric wheel (1), drive pattern change-over switch (4), governor (5), speed governing pedal (6), controller (11), storage battery (10), phasing switch (18); Electric wheel (1) is fixed on four jiaos of integral type chassis (15), is connected with external vehicle body (16) by independent suspension (2); Governor (5) links to each other with speed governing pedal (6); Governor (5), storage battery (10) are connected with drive pattern change-over switch (4); Phasing switch (18) is connected with electric wheel (1).

3. electric four-wheeled independent driving automobile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that brake system comprises: brake disc (3), brake pedal (7), master cylinder (9), wheel cylinder (14), brake facing (17); Brake disc (3) is connected with electric wheel (1), and brake facing (17) is in the wheel cylinder (14), places the two ends of brake disc (3); Brake pedal (7) links to each other with master cylinder (9), and master cylinder (9) links to each other with wheel cylinder (14) by oil pipe.

4. electric four-wheeled independent driving automobile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, skeleton external vehicle body (16) and integral type chassis (15) form an indivisible integral body by welding.

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