CN101117612B - Edible insect oil and production method and use thereof - Google Patents
Edible insect oil and production method and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101117612B CN101117612B CN2006101044407A CN200610104440A CN101117612B CN 101117612 B CN101117612 B CN 101117612B CN 2006101044407 A CN2006101044407 A CN 2006101044407A CN 200610104440 A CN200610104440 A CN 200610104440A CN 101117612 B CN101117612 B CN 101117612B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an edible insect oil, in particular to the insect which mainly takes the edible insect such as a cicada, a shrimp, a grasshopper, a silkworm and so on as the representation. The exploited products on the current market at home and abroad mainly include special animal feed and edible insect table dishes, as well as definite masses of insect material used as pet feed. The manufacturing method and the application of the edible insect oil are not reported at home and abroad. The present invention provides the edible insect oil and the manufacturing method and the application of edible insect oil, and achieves the industrialized and large-scale production. The technology is to cultivate in the industrialization way, purchase, filter, exclude sundries, expel toxin, and dip and make a solidify processing in hot water, as well as freeze, dry, crush, make the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction in the vacuum and so on working procedures, thereby getting edible insect health oil products. The present invention has the advantages that the extraction yield of edible insect oil can reach 30 percent, and the production can be used for special-functional health edible insect oil as well as functional food, leechdom and cosmetics additive.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the working method and the application (purposes) of a kind of edible insect oil, edible insect oil.Main is the insect of representative with edible insects such as cicada, tenebrio molitor, locust and silkworm chrysalises.
Two, background technology
The research direction of both at home and abroad insect resources being developed at present is mainly the insect of seeking low-cost breed and suitability for industrialized production; The functional substance that potentiality to be exploited is arranged in the research insect body.On the domestic and international market development product mainly contain special animals feed and edible insect table dishes, also have every year a certain amount of insect material outlet West Europe, Korea S and Japan to be used as feed for pet, wherein be mainly tenebrio molitor, cicada and silkworm chrysalis.Working method and application for edible insect oil all do not have report both at home and abroad.Measure according to modern scientific research, the edible insect protein contnt is 35.3%～71.4%, and unsaturated fatty acid content is high especially, belongs to the high-quality edible-fat; The content of vitamin E is very abundant; And have abundant mineral element calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium etc. and trace mineral element iron, zinc, copper, manganese, chromium, selenium etc., therefore can be used as the new fats raw material of protective foods and makeup.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of edible insect oil and working method and application; Be to be main raw material with the edible insect, through technology such as impurities removal, toxin expelling treatment technology and frozen dryings, extraction has the albumen lyophilized powder of various active composition and makes protein drinks and electuary; Make the edible insect series foods with full powder; Utilize fat extraction nutritional oil abundant in the body as special functional oil product, utilize epidermis to extract, transform chitosan, as medicine and healthcare products raw material.The realization large-scale industrialization is produced.
The edible insect technology is a novel food product engineering, is to be raw material with the edible insect, from culturing the security pre-treatment; From the worm pupa to larva and adult; From the crust to body fluid, from protein to fat, all can reach the comprehensive utilization exploitation; Be applicable to multiclass edible insect new resources, its achievement can be used for multiple fields such as food, healthcare products, medicine and makeup.
Be the technical solution of the present invention that achieves the above object:
A kind of edible insect oil; It is characterized in that: with black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor is master's edible insect; Through industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, solidification treatment, vacuum lyophilization, pulverizing, extraction; Obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction obtains transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid also obtains being pearl pulvis protein raw material after the extraction in addition;
Nutritional oil technical indicator: Oranoleptic indicator: color and luster, Lovibond cell 133.4mm≤Y22 R2.2, clarification, transparent, free from extraneous odour, mouthfeel is good;
Physical and chemical index: acid number (KOH)≤3.0mg/g; Moisture and volatile matter content ,≤3.0%; Peroxide value≤10mol/Kg; Impurity≤0.05; Solvent residual amount must not detect mg/Kg; Lead≤0.5mg/Kg; Arsenic≤0.5mg/Kg;
Microbiological indicator: total plate count≤100/ml; Coliform≤6/100ml; Pathogenic bacterium must not detect; Yellow, limpid transparent, unsaturated fatty acid content is more than 55%, and the P/S value reaches 0.9, and (desirable P/S value is 1, and lard fat P/S value is 0.2) contained abundant vitamin E.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises:
A kind of working method of edible insect oil; With black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor is master's edible insect; Be industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment through pre-treatment; It is characterized in that: is that 0.01MPa～0.08MPa, freezing temp are that-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time are vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h-50h with the edible insect after impurities removal, toxin expelling, the curing in vacuum tightness; In disintegrating machine, pulverize again; The supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, extraction time 1h～4h of material after the pulverizing obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy; The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition again:
Pressure: 20MPa-50MPa
Temperature: 40 ℃-80 ℃
Time: 2h-8h
Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment
The working method of described a kind of edible insect oil, said black cicada, locust with annual summer and autumn in the insect pest spot tissue collecting, raw material is checked and accepted the back pre-treatment through the place; Rinse well with the clear water cleaning, under normal pressure, temperature is to soak 1 minute～10 minutes in 60 ℃～100 ℃ water; Carry out the deactivation solidification treatment; Be spilled into polypide weight then and be 2%～10% salinity and carry out salt marsh, packing by inspection, quick freezing is preserved for use under subzero 10 ℃～20 ℃ conditions.
The working method of described a kind of edible insect oil and application is characterized in that: said tussah, silkworm are cut cocoon and get pupa alive through behind the filature, and the direct freezing preservation of pupa of living is for use.
The working method of described a kind of edible insect oil; It is characterized in that said tenebrio molitor produces breed with industrialized mode, the straw fermented feed that in breed, utilizes complex microorganism (EM) and the lactobacillus-fermented technology in the livestock-raising achievement in research to produce is aided with traditional tenebrio molitor feed and is processed into different worm five kinds of granulated feeds in the length of time; At normal temperatures and pressures; 5 days～30 days impurities removal of process security, toxin expelling are fed process, and reach the variety and quality standard and be: every hectogram insect population number is less than 600, and breeding amount is at 100 times～380 times; In five generations, can be passed through new resource food security examination criteria with interior no degradation phenomena.
The edible insect oil of producing is as pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals Application of Additives; It is characterized in that: what obtain is new special oil resource edible insect oil, and being used for pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals additive dosage is 5%～30%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention is to be main raw material with the edible insect, adopts biotechnology to confirm to develop the edible insect technology of serial nutritious food and protective foods.Demonstration and evaluation through domestic nutritionist and insect expert; Careful nutritive value analysis and assessment have been carried out; Think that the edible insect kind is many, quantity big, it is wide to distribute, breeding is fast; Have that protein-high, high-content are not reported and lipid acid, low-cholesterol, trophic structure is reasonable, fleshy fiber is few, be easy to outstanding advantages such as absorption, is superior to vegetable-protein.Edible insect has had certain market as feed and table dishes, but the still untapped high added value nutritional prod that is utilized as.Edible insect is expected to become the superior being property nutrition source of human new resource food, also is one of direction of 21 century international food industrial development.
2. the present invention is on the basis of secular theoretical investigation and applied research, through modern means of science and technology, biochemical engineering, food engineering, pharmaceutical engineering, trophology and modern is extracted and is separated processing technology and combine; With edible insects such as cicada, Chinese shrimp, locust and silkworm chrysalises is representative, and exploitation has the new resource food of human nutrition material, has replaced the primary products of edible insect stem body as feed; Product form has taken on a new look; Enlarge the kind and the added value thereof of product, improved the quality of product, prolonged the shelf-lives of product; Promote edible insect cultural technique suitability for industrialized production, will bring good social benefit and economic benefit.
3. selected supercritical CO for use
2Abstraction technique, the destruction that can reduce active substance effectively, percentage extraction is high; Do not produce residual solvent, free from environmental pollution, safe in utilization; Reliable in quality is fit to the extraction of active substance, high value added product among the present invention, and the edible insect oil percentage extraction can reach 30%; Can extract transparent, xanchromatic oily liquids, the main raw material protein after the extraction is pearl pulvis, good separation.
Specifically:
1). percentage extraction is high
2). no solvent residue
3). sex change does not take place in the contained albumen of the raw material after the extraction, can continue to extract high purity protein
4). extraction oil is best in quality, and outward appearance is limpid
5). non-environmental-pollution, safe operation process
4. the edible insect lipid content wherein contains abundant unsaturated fatty acids and liposoluble vitamin E 7.19～40.5%.With Chinese shrimp is example, and its P/S value is 0.9, can be developed as the edible health-care oil and the functional cosmetics additive agent of specific function.
5. measure the nutritional oil technical indicator through the applicant:
The Oranoleptic indicator: color and luster, Lovibond cell 133.4mm≤Y22 R2.2, clarification, transparent, free from extraneous odour, mouthfeel is good.
Physical and chemical index: acid number (KOH)≤3.0mg/g; Moisture and volatile matter content ,≤3.0%; Peroxide value≤10mol/Kg; Impurity≤0.05; Solvent residual amount must not detect mg/Kg; Lead≤0.5mg/Kg; Arsenic≤0.5mg/Kg.
Microbiological indicator: total plate count≤100/ml; Coliform≤6/100ml; Pathogenic bacterium must not detect.
6. the present invention has confirmed Technology through overtesting, for the industrialization of edible insect technological achievement is laid a good foundation.Vacuum Freezing & Drying Technology in the technology of the present invention, freeze dried purpose are biological and chemical structure and the activity thereof for retained product.Edible insect albumen is heat-sensitive substance; Color and luster variation and solubleness decline can take place after being heated, and the edible insect protein formulation that adopts freeze drying technology to produce has not only kept amino acid not to be destroyed; The fundamental property that has also kept antibacterial peptide; Also protected the functional performance of other active substances,, also kept proteinic color and luster and mouthfeel effectively like SOD superoxide-dismutase etc.Supercritical CO 2 abstraction technique in the technology of the present invention is the novel ultra micro extracting and separating purification techniques that develops at medicine, chemical industry, field of food over nearly more than 20 years; It has overcome dissolvent residual problem in traditional solvent-extraction process, can protect heat-sensitive substance well.In this project, the key of supercritical CO 2 abstraction technique is the definite of pressure, temperature and time, and its extraction yield can be up to 30%.The edible insect grease is the high added value nutritious prod, and employing should technology be extracted grease, had fully guaranteed greasy high purity and high quality, did not contain poisonous objectionable impurities; Cold operation can not make nutritive ingredient generation polymerization and loss; Operating process is short, and separation efficiency is high, saves heat energy, compares with lixiviation process with milling process, has good advantage.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1: with black cicada, locust is the edible insect of example, when this raw material mainly leans on this insect of nature to take place, catches purchase in the spot, 7-8 month can purchase cicada pupa and locust in enormous quantities such as Shaanxi Province's Guanzhong area is annual.Raw material is collected scheme: the tissue purchase net in the insect pest spot, and training purchase person, each purchase spot is equipped with treatment facility and storage equipment.According to generating capacity then, confirm procurement price immediately, close inspection and control purchase quality.Raw materials pretreatment process: place examination-cleaning-between 50 ℃～100 ℃ (as 50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,100 ℃), soak in the arbitrary temp water temperature and put 1～10 minute; The enzyme solidification treatment-be spilled into polypide weight of going out is 2%, and the salinity of (～10% (in the scope content) arbitrarily carries out salt marsh, and the quick freezing preservation of packing-under subzero 10 ℃～20 ℃ (arbitrary temp scope in) conditions by inspection is for use.
The black cicada that freezing preservation is for use, locust edible insect are that 0.01～0.08MPa (in the scope vacuum tightness) arbitrarily, freezing temp are vacuum lyophilization under-30 ℃～-80 ℃ (arbitrary temp in the scope), the freezing times condition that is 2h-50h (random time in the scope) in vacuum tightness; In disintegrating machine, pulverize again; Material after pulverizing supercritical CO 2 under extracting pressure 10MPa～30 still are the condition of 40MPa (in the scope arbitrarily pressure), extraction temperature 30 ℃～60 ℃ (arbitrary temp scope in), extraction time 1h～4h (random time in the scope) extracts, and obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy.The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition: pressure: 20MPa-50MPa again; Temperature: 40 ℃-80 ℃; Time: 2h-8h; Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment.Obtain transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid behind the reextraction; Also obtain being pearl pulvis protein raw material in addition.
Embodiment 2: with tenebrio molitor (being also referred to as Chinese shrimp) is the edible insect of example, produces breed with industrialized mode, passes through the seed selection in year surplus in the of nearly ten; Filtered out a comparatively ideal Chinese shrimp worm group, its variety and quality standard is: every hectogram insect population number is less than 600 (common worm is organized every hectogram insect population number greater than 700), and is active strong; Disease resistance is good, and feed flexibility is strong, and cost is low; Breeding amount is at 150--380 times, and 5 generations are with interior no degradation phenomena.In industrialized aquaculture, be provided with to produce and culture and breeding plant, worm kind of the every breed of producer goods kind 3 generations replacing has guaranteed the quality product of culturing.In breed, utilize EM (complex microorganism) and lactobacillus-fermented technology in the livestock-raising achievement in research to produce straw fermented feed; Be aided with traditional Chinese shrimp feed and be processed into different worm 5 kinds of granulated feeds in the length of time; Feed cost is reduced more than 30%, improved the polypide resistance against diseases simultaneously.The integrated culture cost of bright worm is 2800 yuan/ton (containing manual work and feed).The Chinese shrimp worm group of screening; Pass through industrialized aquaculture, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ (arbitrary temp in the scope) water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes (random time in the scope) solidification treatment; Be that 0.01MPa～0.08MPa (in the scope arbitrarily pressure), freezing temp are vacuum lyophilization under-30 ℃～-80 ℃ (arbitrary temp in the scope), the freezing times condition that is 2h～50h (random time in the scope) in vacuum tightness again; In disintegrating machine, pulverize again; Material after pulverizing supercritical CO 2 under the condition of extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa (in the scope arbitrarily pressure), extraction temperature 30 ℃～60 ℃ (arbitrary temp scope in), extraction time 1h～4h (random time in the scope) extracts; Obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy; Reextraction and whole technology are the same basically, extract transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid
Implement 3: with tussah, silkworm is the edible insect of example, and peasant household and collective's sericulture are giveed training, carries out as requested collecting after the pre-treatment.Silkworm chrysalis behind the process filature contains industrial soda and pupa is smelly, directly as food-processing, influences quality product.So tussah and silkworm be as the raw material of food, should with the situation of silkworm industry productive cooperation under cut cocoon and get pupa alive.The output of tussah pupa alive is bigger, and there is the raw material more than 300 tons every year in the province that has.It is more convenient to get the direct freezing preservation of pupa alive.Tussah, silkworm are cut cocoon and get pupa alive through behind the filature, and the direct freezing preservation of pupa of living is for use.In like manner through screening, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soaking and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment; Be that 0.01MPa～0.08MPa, freezing temp are that-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time are vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h～50h in vacuum tightness again; In disintegrating machine, pulverize again; The supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extracting pressure 10MPa～30MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, extraction time 1h～4h of material after the pulverizing; Obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction and whole technology are the same basically, extract transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid.
Claims (3)
1. the working method of an edible insect oil; It is master's a edible insect with black cicada, locust, tenebrio molitor; Be industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment through pre-treatment; It is characterized in that: is that 0.01MPa～0.08MPa, freezing temp are that-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time are vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h～50h with the edible insect after impurities removal, toxin expelling, the curing in vacuum tightness; In kibbler, pulverize, the material after the pulverizing is supercritical CO under the condition of extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, extraction time 1h～4h again
2Extraction obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy; The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition again:
Pressure: 20MPa～50MPa
Temperature: 40 ℃～80 ℃
Time: 2h～8h
Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment.
2. the edible insect oil of the working method of edible insect oil according to claim 1 preparation.
3. the edible insect oil of the working method of edible insect oil according to claim 1 preparation is as the application of pharmacy, food, healthcare products, cosmetics additive; It is characterized in that: the new special oil resource edible insect oil that obtains, being used for pharmacy, food, healthcare products, cosmetics additive dosage is 5%～30%.
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| CN101838582B (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2012-07-04 | 杜荣骞 | Industrialized one-step method for extracting housefly larvae fat |
| CN102051264B (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2012-12-05 | 长沙赛邦生物科技有限公司 | Method for refining yellow mealworm oil |
| CN101805672B (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2012-01-25 | 中山大学 | Biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101838585B (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-03-28 | 天津强微特生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting grease from artemia or artemia eggs |
| CN102579285A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-18 | 陕西语泽化妆品有限公司 | Fibrinolytic protein peptide canthus wrinkle removing cream and preparation method thereof |
| CN102994219B (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-12-10 | 重庆涪江生物科技有限公司 | Supercritical extraction process of flour weevil oil |
| NL2010268C2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-11 | Protix Biosystems B V | Method to convert insects or worms into nutrient streams and compositions obtained thereby. |
| CN103478724B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Superworm powder rich in organic chromium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106360731A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-01 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | Insect oil health-care product and preparation method thereof |
| CN107858201A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-30 | 湖北聚注通用技术研究有限公司 | A kind of mantis oil and its application in pet skin care products |
| CN108441319A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山汇沐化学科技有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of julid oil and its application |
| CN114381329A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-22 | 吴孟昆 | Method for preparing hermetia illucens oil |
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