CN101078343A - Fracturing technique for relieving fracturing fluid pollution - Google Patents
Fracturing technique for relieving fracturing fluid pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN101078343A CN101078343A CN 200710062264 CN200710062264A CN101078343A CN 101078343 A CN101078343 A CN 101078343A CN 200710062264 CN200710062264 CN 200710062264 CN 200710062264 A CN200710062264 A CN 200710062264A CN 101078343 A CN101078343 A CN 101078343A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an oil exploitation technology, in detail a fracturing process for releasing the pollution of fracturing liquid. It solves the problem that fracturing liquid hurts the storing layer in water-power fracturing construction for oil exploitation existing in prior technology. Procedures comprise that ahead fluid is injected into the oil storing layer; when cracks appear on the oil storing layer sand carrying liquid is injected continuously; then replacing liquid or isolating liquid is injected continuously; chlorine dioxide resultant is injected singly in the process mentioned above. Filter cake and concentrated fracturing liquid in ground crack can be eliminated more thoroughly and guiding flow capability of support sands in crack is improved. Permeability and retention can achieve more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil exploitation technology, be specially a kind of fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution.
Background technology
Fracturing technique is one of the effective and the most ripe means in exploitation hyposmosis reserves oil field.Wherein fracturing is a kind of use method very widely, and this method is to utilize ground high-pressure pump group that high-viscous liquid (fracturing fluid) is injected in the oil well with the discharge capacity that substantially exceeds the formation absorption ability, and has accumulated high pressure gradually in oil well.After the fluid pressure in the oil well is greater than near ground pressure the borehole wall and rock tensile strength, near the shaft bottom oil bearing bed will produce the crack under the effect of pressure, continue then to inject the load fluid that has support substance (as sand grains), load fluid is injected in the crack and along with the extension in crack immediately and fills in the crack fully.Remove the pressure on ground then, the crack is closed under strata pressure immediately, and fracturing fluid is extruded from the crack under the pressure on stratum, and support substance is that sand grains is then stayed in the crack.Oil slowly oozes out from the stratum and flows in the crack, and last oil is derived by the crack.This way can improve around oil well and other injection and the rate of withdrawal of fluid in stratum.Specifically, fracturing fluid is that the working solution in the oil-gas Layer process is transformed in fracturing.Fracturing fluid plays a part transmission pressure formation formation fracture and carries support substance to enter the crack.The fracturing fluid that injects into well in the fracturing process can be divided into three kinds of prepad fluids, load fluid, displacement fluid according to the tasks of different construction stages.Fracturing fluid mainly is made up of thickening agent, glue connection liquid and other additives.In order to make the crack that in the stratum, forms have enough length, width and height so that load fluid can be brought into enough support substances in the crack, so need fracturing fluid to have quite high viscosity.Normally add polymer and improve viscosity; And after fracturing process finishes, need in time fracturing fluid to be returned to the low viscosity state of good fluidity; and from stratum and crack, remove fracturing fluid and polymer; full-bodied fracturing fluid continues and sand grains mixes and block the adverse consequences that oil oozes out for fear of producing, and generally adds gel breaker in of the fracturing fluid the mixing simultaneously of filling.Gel breaker is mainly used to degrade and plays the colloid of thickening power in the fracturing fluid, makes colloid become little molecule by big molecule, helps reducing discharging behind the pressure break hydraulic pressure, reduces the infringement to oil reservoirs.Gel breaker commonly used is materials such as enzyme and persulfate.In order to make the thoroughly broken glue of fracturing fluid, then need to increase the consumption of gel breaker, if but the excessive fracturing fluid viscosity that can cause again of consumption reduces too early, and be unfavorable for " taking sand " and " sand plug " phenomenon can occur; Fracturing fluid viscosity is difficult to timely reduction and the gel breaker addition is crossed at least, is unfavorable for that fracturing fluid removes from sand grains, thereby influences follow-up oil recovery.So in the construction of recovering the oil, require fracturing fluid keep viscosity higher and construction finish the back fast the thoroughly broken glue of degraded fracturing fluid be a kind of contradiction state all the time.Secondly in fracturing process, fracturing fluid is inevitably to the stratum leak-off, because of the fracturing fluid leak-off, the fracture faces that forms in pressure break forms fine and close filter cake, simultaneously filtrate flows to form in the fine cracks on stratum and concentrates fracturing fluid, causes fracture condudtiviy to reduce greatly.Fracturing fluid is generally selected the HPG crosslinked gel for use, and its retention coefficient to fracture condudtiviy only is 10%---50%, and how improving fracturing fluid is the problem that the world thoroughly solves being difficult to of recovering the oil that industry faces jointly to the retention coefficient of fracture condudtiviy.
Chlorine dioxide is a kind of strong oxidizer, organic polymer there is very strong degradation capability, it is dissolved in hydro carbons simultaneously, but do not generate oxidation product with its reaction, this characteristic is the significant advantage (exceeding 10～100 times of hydrogen peroxide) that chlorine dioxide exceeds other oxidation technology, and its performance is much better than other thinner or gel breaker.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution in order to solve the oil mining that exists in prior art fracturing fluid in the fracturing construction to the problem of the injury of reservoir.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme, a kind of fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution, step comprises injects the oil storage stratum with prepad fluid, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid, the chlorine dioxide product reinjects separately in said process.
Four kinds of schemes are specifically arranged, first kind, prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, and then inject the chlorine dioxide product, the insulating liquid that reinjects continues to inject load fluid, follow-up more at last injection displacement fluid when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum.
Second kind, at first the chlorine dioxide product is injected the oil storage stratum, again prepad fluid is continued to inject the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid.
The third injects the oil storage stratum with prepad fluid, continues to inject load fluid when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, and follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid are treated to inject the chlorine dioxide product after the closing up of cracks then, and displacement fluid at last reinjects.
The 4th kind, prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection insulating liquid injects the chlorine dioxide product in the crack when not closed then, and displacement fluid at last reinjects.
The chlorine dioxide product such as the patent No. are described in 02146452.9, the first step, chlorine dioxide product method for implanting is as follows: host is sodium chlorite, also can adopt stability chlorine dioxide (comprising liquid or solid-state), or sodium chlorate, auxiliary material expansion-resisting agent such as potassium chloride, sal-ammoniac etc.; Corrosion inhibiter such as tri-sodium phosphate, NaOH, sodium phosphate trimer etc.In second step, additive is a phosphoric acid, also can be monoacid, example hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, formic acid etc.; Also can be binary acid such as sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid; Also can be ternary acids such as citric acid.And in solution, produce hydrionic acid salt.Auxiliary material has acetic acid, sodium acid carbonate, non-ionic surface active agent etc.The 3rd step injected, and will be that the host of Main Ingredients and Appearance adds water dissolving in the host dissolving tank with sodium chlorite or sodium chlorate or stability chlorine dioxide, will be that the additive of Main Ingredients and Appearance is injected in the additive tank with phosphoric acid or other acid then.Simultaneously host and additive are injected in the stratum by high-pressure pump respectively then and get final product.Host and additive react in well and generate the chlorine dioxide with strong activity, and the concentration that chlorine dioxide generates can be determined by the ratio of additive and host as required.Because the chlorine dioxide reaction of formation occurs in undergroundly, do not overflow so do not have gas, can not damage and can not blast human body, use simple, safe and reliable, convenient efficient.
When wherein chlorine dioxide product time of injecting can be chosen in pressing crack construction and finishes, perhaps treat closing up of cracks after.It is to observe by the ground pressure data that the selection on above-mentioned opportunity is grasped, the stage of tentatively exerting pressure, crack produce the stage, remove pressure make the crack push gradually close stage, and the closing up of cracks packing stage all can be by the reaction of ground pressure data.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has changed in traditional fracturing technology injection stratum after the fracturing fluid mixing of gel breaker and adding thickener, reach then that the colloid substance in the gel breaker and fracturing fluid reacts and the conventional thinking of broken glue behind the certain hour, but with fracturing fluid, load fluid is injected in the formation fracture, and then the independent injection material that has broken glue ability efficiently, promptly can produce the material of chlorine dioxide, this material can generate chlorine dioxide after arriving in the crack immediately, it is the high molecular polymer in the oxidation Decomposition fracturing fluid rapidly, and its performance is much better than other thinner and gel breaker.The fracturing fluid that can eliminate the filter cake in the formation fracture more up hill and dale and concentrate.The flow conductivity of the support sand grains of improvement in the crack, the permeability retention rate can reach more than 90%.
The specific embodiment
A kind of fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution, step comprises injects the oil storage stratum with prepad fluid, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid, the chlorine dioxide product reinjects separately in said process.
Four kinds of schemes are specifically arranged, first kind, prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, and then inject the chlorine dioxide product, the insulating liquid that reinjects continues to inject load fluid, follow-up more at last injection displacement fluid when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum.
Second kind, at first the chlorine dioxide product is injected the oil storage stratum, prepad fluid is being continued to inject the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid.
The third injects the oil storage stratum with prepad fluid, continues to inject load fluid when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, and follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid are treated to inject the chlorine dioxide product after the closing up of cracks then, and displacement fluid at last reinjects.The speed of injecting the chlorine dioxide product is 0.1～1 cubic metre/minute little discharge capacity.
The 4th kind, prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid inject the chlorine dioxide product in the crack when not closed then, and displacement fluid at last reinjects.The speed of injecting the chlorine dioxide product is 0.1～1 cubic metre/minute little discharge capacity.
The chlorine dioxide product comprises host and additive, and host is sodium chlorite or stability chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorate, and additive is acidic materials.Acidic materials are phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, formic acid, sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and acid salt.Host also comprises auxiliary material expansion-resisting agent potassium chloride, sal-ammoniac; Corrosion inhibiter tri-sodium phosphate, NaOH, sodium phosphate trimer, the auxiliary material of additive has acetic acid, sodium acid carbonate, non-ionic surface active agent.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution, it is characterized in that: step comprises injects the oil storage stratum with prepad fluid, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid, the chlorine dioxide product reinjects separately in said process.
2, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, and then inject the chlorine dioxide product, insulating liquid reinjects, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up more at last injection displacement fluid.
3, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at first the chlorine dioxide product is injected the oil storage stratum, again prepad fluid is continued to inject the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid.
4, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid, treat then to inject the chlorine dioxide product after the closing up of cracks, the displacement fluid that reinjects at last, the speed of injecting the chlorine dioxide product is 0.1～1 cubic metre/minute little discharge capacity.
5, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: prepad fluid is injected the oil storage stratum, when the crack occurring in the oil storage stratum, continue to inject load fluid, follow-up again injection displacement fluid or insulating liquid, inject the chlorine dioxide product then when not closed in the crack, the displacement fluid that reinjects at last, the speed of injecting the chlorine dioxide product is 0.1～1 cubic metre/minute little discharge capacity.
6, according to the fracturing technology of any described relieving fracturing fluid pollution of claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the chlorine dioxide product comprises host and additive, host is sodium chlorite or stability chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorate, and additive is acidic materials.
7, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 6 is characterized in that: acidic materials are phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, formic acid, sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and acid salt.
8, the fracturing technology of relieving fracturing fluid pollution according to claim 6 is characterized in that: host also comprises auxiliary material expansion-resisting agent potassium chloride, sal-ammoniac; Corrosion inhibiter tri-sodium phosphate, NaOH, sodium phosphate trimer, the auxiliary material of additive has acetic acid, sodium acid carbonate, non-ionic surface active agent.
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| CN 200710062264 CN101078343A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Fracturing technique for relieving fracturing fluid pollution |
| CNA2008101304386A CN101333922A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-07-04 | Fracturing process for removing breakdown fluid contamination |
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| CN 200710062264 CN101078343A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Fracturing technique for relieving fracturing fluid pollution |
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| CNA2008101304386A Pending CN101333922A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-07-04 | Fracturing process for removing breakdown fluid contamination |
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