CN101057840B - Vam3在制备治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的药物中的应用 - Google Patents
Vam3在制备治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了式(I)所示的Vam3(Amurensin H)在制备预防和/或治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的药物中的新的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及式(I)所示的Vam3(Amurensin H)的新医药用途。
背景技术
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是一种全球范围内常见的慢性病,目前在全球死亡原因中排名第四,据世界卫生组织预测,到2020年,COPD将在全球疾病发病中排名第五,死亡原因中排名第三。
COPD是一种不完全可逆的气流受限特征的疾病,与肺部对有害气体或有毒颗粒的异常炎症反应有关,其慢性炎症反应遍及气道、肺实质和肺血管。参与COPD的细胞有中性粒细胞、T淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞等炎性细胞,当细胞被激活后释放多种炎性介质,如白三烯B4(LTB4)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、RANTES、Eotaxin、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)等,参与肺实质破坏、肺血管等炎症反应。病理变化特征表现为肺泡腔炎性细胞(如巨噬细胞)浸润、小支气管和细支气管周围灶性炎性细胞浸润,肺组织边缘肺泡腔扩张、破坏,肺泡壁变宽,其上皮细胞肿胀、变圆、部分脱落。COPD与慢性支气管炎和肺气肿密切相关,但定义上有所不同,支气管哮喘与特应性变态反应有关,其气流受限具可逆性(与慢性气管炎合并时会出现气流受限不完全可逆)。现在尚无药物能遏制COPD病情的进行性发展,其药物治疗的研究进展相当缓慢,目前临床常常将治疗哮喘的药物用于治疗COPD,由于COPD的发病机制不同于哮喘,难以取得满意的疗效。
Vam3(Amurensin H),由本申请人从山葡萄根乙醇提取物中首次分离得到,现已可化学合成,结构式如式(I)所示,制备方法见“山葡萄提取物治疗炎症疾病的用途”(申请号03134647.2,公开号CN1600304)。Vam3抗COPD的作用现未见报道。
发明内容
长期吸烟是最常见的人类COPD致病因素,我们实验室用香烟诱导模拟小鼠COPD模型,拟研究Vam3对香烟诱导的小鼠COPD的缓解作用。
本发明目的在于提供人工合成或半合成成份在制备抗COPD疾病药物中的应用。Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下灌胃给药,对香烟诱导的COPD小鼠BALF中炎性细胞因子TNFa、IL-8的生成有抑制作用;对趋化因子RANTES、Eotaxin的分泌有抑制作用;对BALF中炎性细胞,主要是中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞的募集有抑制作用;对小鼠肺部病理变化有逆转作用。
具体实施方式
方法:SPF级雄性BALB/c小鼠,18-20g,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(特布他林,10mg/kg,灌胃给药)、药物处理组(Vam350、100、200mg/kg,灌胃给药),每组10只。将小鼠置于4L容器内,每日烟熏(金健牌香烟,焦油含量小于16mg),一周五次,连续四周,每日烟熏前1小时灌胃给药。小鼠在末次烟熏后1小时,以苯巴比妥钠麻醉,用0.6mL预冷的PBS缓冲液(pH7.0)肺部灌流,冲洗3次,吸出支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),250×g离心10min,上清用于分析TNFα、IL-8、RANTES、Eotaxin的含量。细胞用PBS缓冲液重悬,计数,细胞涂片后用瑞氏-吉姆萨染色,分析BALF中炎性细胞总数及中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞数量的变化。
实施例1 Vam3对COPD小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中炎症介质生成抑制作用
(1)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中TNFα生成抑制作用
前炎性细胞因子TNFα是COPD的发病过程中的启动因子。COPD患者的TNFα水平高于正常人,培养的支气管上皮细胞与香烟的烟雾接触可分泌TNFα。TNFα可促使中性粒细胞脱颗粒,诱导起到粘膜细胞增生和高分泌,增加上皮细胞IL-8生成,增加巨噬细胞基质金属蛋白酶生成,促进气道高反应性。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中TNFα生成的影响,结果见表1。
表1 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中TNFa生成的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中TNFa的生成。
(2)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中IL-8生成抑制作用
肺上皮细胞、纤维母细胞、内皮细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞在香烟的诱导下可表达IL-8,IL-8是中性粒细胞趋化、内皮细胞黏附和脱颗粒的重要介质,IL-8可激活中性粒细胞5-脂氧酶,趋化CD8+T细胞,在COPD病理过程中发挥重要作用。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中IL-8生成的影响,结果见表2。
表2 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中IL-8的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中IL-8的生成。
(3)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中RANTES分泌抑制作用
炎症细胞的迁移受到趋化因子的调节,各种结构细胞和炎性细胞均可分泌这些小分子蛋白,COPD发病过程中RANTES分泌增加,趋化单核/巨噬细胞,T淋巴细胞,嗜酸性细胞。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中RANTES分泌的影响,结果见表3。
表3 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中RANTES分泌的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比,**P<0.01,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中RANTES的分泌。
(4)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中Eotaxin分泌抑制作用
过敏性炎症区的细胞的高表达趋化因子受体,Eotaxin通过与其特异性受体相互作用,在嗜酸性粒细胞向炎症区募集中起重要作用。另外,许多文献也报道Eotaxin在相关的效应细胞,如肺泡巨噬细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的游走中起作用。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中Eotaxin分泌的影响,结果见表4。
表4 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中Eotaxin分泌的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中Eotaxin的分泌。
实施例2 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中炎性细胞募集的抑制作用
(1)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中总炎性细胞募集的抑制作用
COPD以遍及气道、肺实质和肺血管的慢性炎症为特征,这种炎症表现为中性粒细胞、T淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞在肺内增多。激活的炎症细胞释放一系列炎性介质,包括LTB4、IL-8、TNFa和其他能破坏肺结构或维持中性粒细胞炎症的介质。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中总炎性细胞募集的影响,结果见表5。
表5 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中总炎性细胞募集的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中总炎性细胞的募集。
(2)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中中性粒细胞募集的抑制作用
中性粒细胞在COPD发病中具有重要作用,它可以释放两种丝氨酸蛋白酶,弹性蛋白酶和半胱氨酰蛋白酶-3,诱导动物产生人类肺气肿样的病理变化。中性粒细胞生命短暂,它循环招募到气道以及穿越间隙腔的过程十分迅速。病理研究证明有些COPD患者支气管组织内中性粒细胞数目增加与气流阻塞得程度有关。吸烟的COPD患者气道内中性粒细胞数目增加,特别是那些伴有慢性支气管炎的患者。影响COPD患者肺内中性粒细胞募集的主要因素为IL-8趋化活性增强。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中中性粒细胞募集的影响,结果见表6。
表6 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中中性粒细胞募集的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比,**P<0.01,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中中性粒细胞的募集。
(3)Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中巨噬细胞募集的抑制作用
吸烟者和COPD患者肺内巨噬细胞较正常人群水平增加,多聚集在肺泡、细支气管和小气道。肺泡壁巨噬细胞数目和轻中度肺气肿以及COPD患者的小气道疾病程度呈正相关。组织病变和损伤部位可见到COPD缓慢进展和慢性病变与巨噬细胞长期增加平行。巨噬细胞可能通过释放基质金属蛋白酶导致弹性组织降解能力异常增高,诱发肺气肿的发生。本实验目的在于考察Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中巨噬细胞募集的影响,结果见表7。
表7 Vam3对COPD小鼠BALF中巨噬细胞募集的影响
注:括号内为抑制百分率(IR%);*P<0.05,与模型对照组相比;##P<0.01,与正常对照组相比。n=10。
结果:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下对COPD模型小鼠灌胃给药,可降低小鼠BALF中巨噬细胞的募集。
实施例3.Vam3对COPD小鼠肺部病理变化的逆转作用
对小鼠肺部病理观察可见,模型组肺泡壁变宽,肺泡壁上皮细胞肿胀,变圆,部分脱落,肺泡腔可见巨噬细胞,小支气管和细支气管周围灶性炎性细胞浸润,肺组织边缘肺泡腔扩张。Vam3组肺泡壁上皮细胞肿胀,肺泡腔可见少量巨噬细胞和粒细胞浸润,未见淋巴细胞浸润,小鼠肺组织未见出血。
结论:Vam3在剂量50、100、200mg/kg下灌胃给药,对香烟诱导的小鼠慢性阻塞性肺淤血、炎性细胞浸润等有一定的治疗作用。
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