CN100543009C - 含有天冬氨酸酯官能化合物的黏合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物 - Google Patents
含有天冬氨酸酯官能化合物的黏合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100543009C CN100543009C CNB2005100859251A CN200510085925A CN100543009C CN 100543009 C CN100543009 C CN 100543009C CN B2005100859251 A CNB2005100859251 A CN B2005100859251A CN 200510085925 A CN200510085925 A CN 200510085925A CN 100543009 C CN100543009 C CN 100543009C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- isocyanato
- agent
- acid
- diisocyanate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- -1 aralkyl dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 38
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- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
- C08G18/341—Dicarboxylic acids, esters of polycarboxylic acids containing two carboxylic acid groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/24—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having more than one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton, e.g. aspartic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3819—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
- C08G18/3821—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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Abstract
官能天冬氨酸酯通过如下所述制备:A)使氮丙啶和Michael-受体分子反应,形成氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯,并B)使氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯和包含活性氢的化合物反应,形成所述官能天冬氨酸酯。所述官能天冬氨酸酯可以用于粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物,它们也包含异氰酸酯官能材料。所述组合物可以用在粘结第一基材和第二基材的方法中,包括将上述粘合剂组合物涂层施涂到第一基材或第二基材的至少一个表面上,并使第一基材的表面和第二基材的表面接触,所述接触表面中至少一个具有施加其上的涂层。所述组合物也可以用于涂布基材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及官能天冬氨酸酯化合物及其在粘合剂、密封剂和涂料组合物中的应用。
技术背景
天冬氨酸酯代表了粘合剂、涂料和密封剂中独特的一类反应物。其反应性通常在慢的典型多元醇和迅速反应的伯胺和仲胺之间。
美国专利No.5412056、5623045、5126170和5821326公开了涂料组合物,其中,所述粘合剂是双组分体系,包含多异氰酸酯组分和异氰酸酯活性组分。后一组分包含通过使胺和马来酸二酯或延胡索酸二酯反应形成的至少一种天冬氨酸二酯基团。
EP 0667362A1公开了涂料组合物,它包含多异氰酸酯组分、包含通过使胺和马来酸二酯或延胡索酸二酯反应形成的至少一种天冬氨酸二酯基团的组分、以及吸水沸石。
粘合剂常用于连接或固定两个或多个粘合体。粘合体认为是任意两种或多种要连接在一起的材料,或者材料片,包括木材、金属、塑料、纸、陶瓷、石材、玻璃、混凝土等。用于这些目的的粘合剂基于各种技术,包括弹性体/溶剂/树脂混合物、环氧化物、胶乳、聚氨酯类、硅氧烷类、氰基丙烯酸酯类、丙烯酸酯类、热熔体等。这种粘合剂具有一个或多个缺点,如它们包含有毒且常常易燃的溶剂,它们和一类或多类粘合体不相容,它们的固化时间长,并且在许多情况下它们形成的粘合强度不够。
对于施涂到基材上的涂料,在许多情况下常常要求通过涂布多层涂层来形成所需的外观,所述多层涂层的最后一层可以是着色或未着色的面涂层。不幸的是,当包含涂布基材的制品老化时,正常“磨损和撕扯”出现的划痕会损害基材涂布表面的外观。
密封剂通常是薄膜,常常包含塑料,它施加到一个或多个基材的一个或多个表面上,防止液体或气体透过所述薄膜。所述密封剂可用于防止基材暴露在外,或者还常用于防止基材中或者缝隙间(可在基材间存在)的通孔缺陷暴露在外。
各种粘合剂、涂料和密封剂应用常常需要包含天冬氨酸酯的高分子量化合物。但是,所述相应的前体常反应缓慢,使得加工时间长、所需产物的转化率差和/或产物不纯。
此外,使用确定的胺-马来酸/延胡索酸酯合成途径并不能在天冬氨酸酯材料中获得所需的官能度和/或分子结构。这限制了可能的包含天冬氨酸酯的材料用于配制。
美国专利No.2569200公开了多价亚烷基亚胺酯类以及制备方法。
本领域确定需要另一种合成途径,由此为可高效制得的包含天冬氨酸酯的化合物提供更大范围的分子结构和官能团。
发明内容
本发明涉及以下通式所示的官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯类:
式中,R1和R2各自是C1-C8直链烷基、支链烷基或环烷基,
R3在各自出现时独立选自H,C1-C20直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基,
Y是连接基团,选自-O-、-S-、-NR5-,
以下通式之一所示从一个或多个吸电子基团相邻的碳上除去酸性氢而形成的基团:
式中,R5是H或C1-C3直链或支链烷基,
W1是吸电子基团,选自腈,R11-CO-,硝基,羧酸及其相应的盐,羧酸的C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基酯,以及C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基磺酰基,
W2是酮,
R11选自H,-OH,C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基,它们可以包含一个或多个选自O、S和/或N的杂原子,
R12是C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,它们可以包含一个或多个选自O、S和/或N的杂原子,
R4是连接基团,选自C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,-(-[CHR7-]n-O-)p-R8-,式中,R7是C1-C3直链或支链烷基或烷醇基,
n是1-4,
p是1-1000,
式中,q=1-1000,R8在各自出现时独立选自C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚烯基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,任选包含取代基羟基,羧酸或者C1-C8直链、支链或环状羧酸酯基团,
式中,r=1-10000,
R9是C1-C3直链或支链烷基,
X是-OR10-或-NR5 2,其中,R5如上所述,
R10是H或C1-C24-直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基和芳烷基,
以及它们的组合,
Z选自-H、-OR10、-R4-OR10、-NR5 2、-R4-NR5 2、-SH、-R4-SH,
本发明还涉及制备官能天冬氨酸酯的方法以及由所述方法制得的官能天冬氨酸酯。所述方法包括:
A)使氮丙啶和Michael-受体分子反应,形成氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯,
B)使氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯和包含活性氢的化合物反应,形成所述官能天冬氨酸酯。
本发明还涉及粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物,它包含:
i)上述官能天冬氨酸酯类,和
ii)异氰酸酯官能材料。
具体实施方式
除了在操作实施例中,或者另有所述,本说明书和权利要求书中所有涉及成分量、反应条件等的数字或表达均应理解为在所有情况下用术语“约”来修饰。这一专利申请中公开了各种数字范围。由于这些范围是连续的,它们包括最小值和最大值之间的每个值。除非另有表述,本申请中所述各种数字范围均是近似值。
在本文中,术语“烷基”是指通式CsH2s+1所示的脂族烃链的单价基团,其中s是碳原子数或者其范围。术语“取代的烷基”是指一种烷基,其一个或多个氢被非碳原子或基团取代,这种原子或基团的非限制性例子包括卤化物、胺、醇、氧(例如,酮或醛基)和硫醇。
在本文中,术语“环状烷基”或“环烷基”是指形成通式CsH2s-1所示环的脂族烃链的单价基团,其中s是碳原子数或者范围。术语“取代的环烷基”是指包含一个或多个杂原子的环烷基;在环结构中,非限制性的例子是-O-、-NR-和-S-;和/或在一个或多个氢被非碳原子或基团取代时,这种原子或基团的非限制性例子包括卤化物、胺、醇、氧(例如,酮或醛基)和硫醇。R表示1-24个碳原子的烷基。
在本文中,术语“芳基”是指芳烃的单价基团。芳烃包括那些包含共轭双键的碳基环状化合物,在所得环状共轭π-轨道体系中包含4t+2个电子,其中t是至少为1的整数。在本文中,芳基可以包含芳族单环结构、一个或多个稠合芳环结构、共价连接的芳环结构,其中任意一个或所有环结构均可以包含杂原子。芳环结构中包含的这种杂原子的非限制性例子包括O、N和S。
在本文中,术语“亚烷基”是指碳链长度为C1(非环状)或C4(此时是环状)到C25,通常是C2-C12的非环或环状二价烃,它们可以取代或未取代的,可以包含取代基。至于非限制性例子,所述亚烷基可以是具有1-12个碳原子的低级烷基。作为非限制性说明,“亚丙基”包括正亚丙基和异亚丙基;同样,“亚丁基”包括正亚丁基、异亚丁基和叔亚丁基。
在本文中,术语“(甲基)丙烯酸类”和“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”包括丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的相应衍生物,没有任何限制。
在本文中,术语“固化”包括由于蒸发水和其它溶剂和稀释剂(若存在的话)而交联粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物组分并形成薄膜,同时所得薄膜产生物理和化学性质如粘结强度和剥离强度。
在本文中,术语“交联”是指通过短链上两个或多个官能团之间的反应形成连接两个较长分子链的短链分子。
本发明涉及制备官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯(“天冬氨酸酯”)以及使用所述方法制备的天冬氨酸酯。本发明的实施方式包括一种方法,所述方法包括:
A)使氮丙啶和Michael-受体分子反应,形成氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯,
B)使氮丙啶基天冬氨酸酯和包含活性氢的化合物反应,形成所述官能天冬氨酸酯。
在本发明中,术语“氮丙啶”是指通式I所示的化合物:
式中,R31和R32在各自出现时独立选自H、C1-C20直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基;在一些情况下,选自H、C1-C3直链或支链烷基;在其它情况下选自H、C1-C2直链或支链烷基。在本发明的实施方式中,R32是H,且至少一个出现的R31是H。在本发明另一实施方式中,所述氮丙啶选自未取代的氮丙啶(吖丙啶)、
2-甲基氮丙啶、2-乙基氮丙啶、2-正丙基氮丙啶和2-异丙基氮丙啶。
在本发明中,术语“Michael-受体分子”是指包含一个或多个吸电子基团(EWG)的分子,所述吸电子基团使碳碳双键中的碳为电正性,并处于亲核进攻的良好位置。本发明可以使用任何合适的Michael-受体分子、或者主链中包含Michael-受体的聚合物。聚合物主链Michael-受体基团的非限制性例子是以下通式所示的马来酸酯基团:
式中,Rp和Rp’独立为C1-C20直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基,s和t独立为1-1000,在一些情况下为1-500,在其它情况下为1-100。
在本发明的实施方式中,合适的Michael-受体分子包括但不限于包含碳碳双键和一个或多个EWG的那些,所述EWG选自酮,腈,硝基,羧酸及其相应的盐,羧酸的C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基酯以及C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基磺酰基。
在本发明具体实施方式中,合适Michael-受体分子包括但不限于马来酸的C1-C8直链、支链或环状二烷基酯,延胡索酸的C1-C8直链、支链或环状二烷基酯,马来酰亚胺,C1-C8直链、支链或环状N-烷基马来酰亚胺、马来酸的单酰胺、延胡索酸的单酰胺,马来酸的二酰胺、延胡索酸的二酰胺、马来酸的C1-C8直链、支链或环状N-烷基酰胺以及延胡索酸的C1-C8直链、支链或环状N-烷基酰胺。
在本文中,术语“包含活性氢的化合物”是指包含其酸性足以使所述化合物进行氮丙啶部分的开环反应的氢原子的化合物。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述包含活性氢的化合物包括但不限于包含选自羟基、羧酸、硫醇、胺、磷酸、磺酸酸性CH基团和其组合的两个或多个官能团的C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚烯基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基、聚醚、聚酯或聚(甲基)丙烯酸类分子。
在本文中,术语“(甲基)丙烯酸”和“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”是指包含甲基丙烯酸及其对应的酯、酰胺和盐与丙烯酸及其对应酯、酰胺和盐部分的化合物或衍生自它们的化合物。
在本发明实施方式中,所述包含活性氢的化合物包括至少一个包含活性氢的基团,在一些情况下平均至少1.5个,在其它情况下至少2个包含活性氢的基团。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述包含活性氢的化合物具有以下通式II:
Z-R4-Y’ (II)
式中,Y’是选自-OH、-SH、-NR5H、-COOH、-O-P(O)2-OH、-P(O)2-OH、-S(O)2-OH以及以下通式III和/或通式IV之一所示在一个或多个吸电子基团相邻的碳上包含酸性氢的基团:
式中,R5是H或C1-C3直链或支链烷基,
W1是吸电子基团,选自腈,R11-CO-,硝基,羧酸及其相应的盐,羧酸的C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基酯,以及C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基磺酰基,
W2是酮,
R11选自H,-OH,C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基,它们可以包含一个或多个选自O、S和/或N的杂原子,
R12是C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,它们可以包含一个或多个选自O、S和/或N的杂原子,
在通式II中,R4是连接基团,选自C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,-(-[CHR7-]n-O-)p-R8-,式中,R7是C1-C3直链或支链烷基或烷醇基,
n是1-4,在一些情况下是2或3,
p是1-1000,在一些情况下是1-500,在其它情况下是2-250,在一些情形下是2-100,在其它情形下是2-50,
式中,q=1-1000,在一些情况下是1-500,在其它情况下是2-250,在一些情形下是2-100,在其它情形下是2-50,R8在各自出现时独立选自C1-C24直链、支链或环状亚烷基、亚烯基、亚芳基、亚烷芳基或亚芳烷基,任选包含取代基羟基,羧酸或者C1-C8直链、支链或环状羧酸酯基团,
式中,r=1-10000,在一些情况下是1-500,在其它情况下是2-250,在一些情形下是2-100,在其它情形下是2-50,
R9是C1-C3直链或支链烷基,
X是-OR10-或-NR5 2,其中,R5如上所述,
R10是H或C1-C24-直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基和芳烷基,
以及它们的组合。
而且,在通式II中,
Z选自-H、-OR10、-R4-OR10、-NR5 2、-R4-NR5 2、-SH、-R4-SH,
式中,R4、R5和R10如上所述,R1和R2独立为C1-C8,在一些情况下为C2-C6直链、支链或环状烷基或者部分聚合物主链。
本发明具体的实施方式涉及官能的天冬氨酸酯,其中,Z-R4-Y-是聚酯基团。这一实施方式的一些方面涉及当聚酯是羧酸官能聚酯的情况。
在本发明另一具体实施方式中,通式II所示包含活性氢的化合物中的基团Z-R4-Y’-是官能天冬氨酸酯中的聚醚基团。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述聚醚是羟基官能聚醚。
本发明其它具体实施方式涉及通式II所示包含z-R4-Y’活性氢的化合物,其中,基团Z-R4-Y’是包含一个或多个活性氢基团的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯是羧酸官能的聚丙烯酸酯。
在本发明的其它具体实施方式中,通式II所示包含活性氢的化合物包含基团Z-R4-Y’,它是C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基二羧酸。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述二羧酸选自己二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、马来酸、延胡索酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸以及它们的混合物。
在另一具体实施方式中,所述Michael-受体分子是马来酸的二酯或二酰胺,其中,各酯或酰胺基团独立是C1-C8,在一些情况下是C2-C6直链、支链或环状烷基、氮丙啶如通式I所示以及包含活性氢的化合物如通式II所示,式中,Y’是羧酸。
在本发明实施方式中,可以使用催化剂来制备官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯。合适的催化剂可以用在A)或B)中。
在本发明具体实施方式中,用在A)中的催化剂选自饱和或不饱和羧酸的金属盐,金属醇化物(包括但不限于甲醇钠、乙醇铝),以及碱性酰胺的金属盐(包括但不限于酰胺钠)。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,用在B)中的催化剂可以选自Bronstead酸或路易斯酸。可以用作催化剂的路易斯酸的非限制性例子包括三(五氟苯基)硼烷,金属卤化物如CuCl2·2H2O或者BiCl3,以及合适金属的三氟甲磺酸盐(简写为TF)如Yb(OTF)3、LiNTF2、Sn(OTF)2或Cu(OTF)2。可以用作催化剂的Bronstead酸的非限制性例子包括盐酸、硫酸和高氯酸。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,可以使用非均相催化剂,所述催化剂包括硅胶和/或蒙脱土。
至于制备本发明官能天冬氨酸酯的非限制性实施方式,在小于30℃的温度下混合Michael-受体分子和通式I所示的氮丙啶,并搅拌30分钟到24小时。抽真空以除去未反应的氮丙啶,和/或使用亲电试剂和氮丙啶反应,并清除所述氮丙啶。所述反应提供氮丙啶天冬氨酸酯,它和酸官能聚醚(包含活性氢的化合物)混合,并搅拌4-24小时。通过色谱法、凝胶渗透色谱法(作为非限制性例子)确定反应完成。
本发明的实施方式涉及本发明方法制得的官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯。本发明具体的实施方式涉及通式V所示的官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯:
式中,R1和R2独立为C1-C8直链、支链或环状烷基,R3在各自出现时独立选自H、C1-C20直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基。
而且在通式V中,Y是连接基团,选自-O-、-S-、-NR5-,-O-P(O)2-O-、-P(O)2-O-、-S-(O)2-O-、
和
通式III或通式IV所示从一个或多个吸电子基团相邻的碳上除去酸性氢(H)而形成的基团,如以下通式IIIa和Iva所示,式中,W1和W2如上所述:
在通式V中,R4是上述连接剂,Z是上述基团。
本发明具体实施方式涉及官能天冬氨酸酯,其中,基团Z-R4-Y-是聚酯基团。这一实施方式的一些方面涉及当聚酯是羧酸官能聚酯的情形。
在本发明另一具体实施方式中,基团Z-R4-Y-是官能天冬氨酸酯中的聚醚基团。这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述聚醚是羟基官能聚醚。
本发明另一具体实施方式涉及官能天冬氨酸酯,式中,Z-R4-Y-基团是聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯是羧酸官能聚丙烯酸酯。
在本发明的另一具体实施方式中,所述官能天冬氨酸酯包含基团Z-R4-Y-,它是C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基二羧酸的单酯基团。在这一实施方式的一些方面中,所述二羧酸选自己二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、马来酸、延胡索酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸以及它们的混合物。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,通式V所示的官能天冬氨酸酯对应通式Va:
式中,Z、R4、R32、R31、R1和R2如上所述,X可以是O或NR5,如上所述。
本发明的实施方式涉及粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物,它们包含:
i)上述一种或多种官能天冬氨酸二烷基酯,和
ii)异氰酸酯官能材料。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述异氰酸酯官能材料可以是包含2-6个异氰酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯。在具体的实施方式中,所述多异氰酸酯具有通式VI所示的结构:
OCN-R17-NCO (VI)
式中,R17选自C2-C24直链、支链和环状亚烷基、亚芳基和亚芳烷基,它可以任选包含一个或多个异氰酸酯基。
在本发明的另一具体实施方式中,所述多异氰酸酯可以选自1,4-四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基-1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,12-十二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、环己烷-1,3-二异氰酸酯和环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、1-异氰酸根合-2-异氰酸根合甲基环戊烷、1-异氰酸根合-3-异氰酸根合甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷、二-(4-异氰酸根合环己基)-甲烷、2,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,3-二-(异氰酸根合甲基)-环己烷和1,4-二-(异氰酸根合甲基)-环己烷、二-(4-异氰酸根合-3-甲基-环己基)-甲烷、α,α,α’,α’-四甲基-1,3-二异氰酸酯、α,α,α’,α’-1,4-苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基-4(3)-异氰酸根合甲基环己烷、2,4-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,3-苯二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,4-二苯基-甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基-甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,5-二异氰酸根合萘以及它们的混合物。
在本发明的另一实施方式中,所述多异氰酸酯类包括一种或多种多异氰酸酯加成物,所述加成物包含缩二脲、氨基甲酸酯、脲二酮(uretdione)、脲基甲酸酯、异氰脲酸酯和/或亚氨基噁二嗪二酮(iminooxadiazinedione)基团。
包含缩二脲基团的多异氰酸酯类的非限制性例子包括按照美国专利No.3124605、3358010、3644490、3862973、3903126、3903127、4051165、4147714或4220749中所述的方法使用共反应物如水、叔醇、伯单胺和仲单胺,以及伯二胺和/或仲二胺制得的那些,上述专利中相关部分参考引用于此。这些多异氰酸酯类的NCO含量为18-22重量%,平均NCO官能度为3-3.5。
包含氨基甲酸酯基团的非限制性例子包括美国专利No.3183112(其中相关部分参考引用于此)中所述方法制备的那些,在二异氰酸酯类的情况下,使过量的多异氰酸酯类和低分子量的二醇类和多元醇(分子量小于400),如三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、1,2-二羟基丙烷及其混合物反应来制备。所述包含氨基甲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的NCO含量为12-20重量%,平均NCO官能度为2.5-3。
缩脲二酮二异氰酸酯类的非限制性例子包括通过在合适催化剂如三烷基膦催化剂存在下低聚二异氰酸酯的一部分异氰酸酯基团来制得的那些,它们可以和其它脂族和/或环脂族多异氰酸酯类,尤其是上述包含异氰脲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的混合物使用。
包含脲基甲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的非限制性例子包括按照美国专利No.3769318、4160080和4177342中所述方法制备的那些,其相关部分参考引用于此。所述包含脲基甲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的NCO含量为12-21重量%,平均NCO官能度为2-4.5。
包含异氰脲酸酯和脲基甲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的非限制性例子包括按照美国专利No.5124427、5208334和5235018中所述方法制得的那些,其相关部分参考引用于此。这种多异氰酸酯类包含比例约10:1到1:10,在一些情况下是5:1到1∶7的单异氰脲酸酯基团和单脲基甲酸酯基团。
包含亚氨基噁二嗪二酮和任选包含异氰脲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯类的非限制性例子包括按照美国专利No.5914383所述在具体含氟催化剂存在下制得的那些,其相关部分参考引用于此。这些多异氰酸酯类的平均NCO官能度通常为3-3.5,NCO含量为5-30%,在一些情况下为10-25%,在其它情况下为15-25重量%。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物可以包含(iii)胺增链剂。在这一实施方式的具体方面中,所述胺增链剂包含C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基双官能胺,任选包含一个或多个-O-、-NH-或-S-杂原子。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物可以是双组分组合物,其中,第一组分包含i),第二组分包含ii)。在这一实施方式的具体方面中,所述第一组分还包含(iii)胺增链剂。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物包含选自流平剂、润湿剂、流动控制剂、抗结皮剂、消泡剂、填料、增粘剂、粘度调节剂、增塑剂、颜料、染料、紫外吸收剂、热稳定剂、抗氧化剂和它们的混合物中一种或多种材料。
本发明所用增塑剂的非限制性例子包括邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)、己二酸二辛酯、丙二酸异癸酯、二甘醇二苯甲酸酯、季戊四醇酯、油酸丁酯、乙酰基蓖麻醇酸甲酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸三辛酯、聚丙二醇己二酸酯和聚丁二醇己二酸酯等。这种增塑剂可以单独使用或者两种或多种混合使用。
本发明所用增粘剂的非限制性例子包括环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、本领域已知的硅烷和氨基硅烷偶合剂、钛酸烷基酯和/或芳族多异氰酸酯类。
本发明所用的固化催化剂(用于固化)的非限制性例子包括酞酸酯类,例如,钛酸四丁基酯和钛酸四丙基酯;有机锡化合物,例如二月桂酸二丁基锡、马来酸二丁基锡、二乙酸二丁基锡、辛酸锡和环烷酸锡;辛酸铅;胺基化合物以及这些化合物的盐和羧酸盐,例如,丁胺、辛胺、二丁胺、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、油基胺、辛胺、环己胺、苄胺、二乙基氨基丙胺、苯二甲胺、三亚乙基二胺、胍、二苯基胍、2,4,6-三(二甲基氨基甲基)苯酚、吗啉、N-甲基吗啉和1,3-二氮杂二环(5,4,6)十一碳烯-7(DBU)、低分子量聚酰胺树脂(通过过量多胺和多元酸之间的反应来制得);过量多胺类和环氧化物之间的反应产物;和已知的硅烷醇缩合催化剂,例如包含氨基的硅烷偶合剂(例如,γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-(β-氨基乙基)氨基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷)。这些化合物可以单独或混合使用。
本发明所用流平剂的非限制性例子包括纤维素,例如,硝基纤维素和乙酸丁酸纤维素。
本发明所用润湿剂的非限制性例子包括二醇、硅烷类、阴离子表面活性剂以及本领域已知的任何其它润湿剂。
本发明所用流动控制剂的非限制性例子包括聚丙烯酸酯类、非离子氟化烷基酯表面活性剂、非离子烷基芳基聚醚醇、硅氧烷等,以及以商品名RESIFLOW从EstronChemical,Inc.,Parsippany,NJ购得的那些,以商品名Benzoin从DSM,Inc.购得的那些,以MODAFLOW从Monasanto购得那些以及以商品名SURFYNOL从Airproducts,Bethlehem,PA购得的那些。
本发明所用抗结皮剂的非限制性例子包括卵磷脂、肟类(非限制性例子为丁醛肟、甲基乙基酮肟)、氢醌(非限制性例子为2,5-二叔丁基氢醌)以及氢醌和蒽醌的甲酯。
本发明所用消泡剂的非限制性例子包括以商品名FOAMEX购自Rohm and HaasCompany,Philadelphia,PA的那些,以及商品名BYK购自BYK-ChemieUSA,Wallinpford,CT的那些以及以商品名Foam Brake购自BASF Corp.,MountOlive,NJ的那些。
本发明所用填料的非限制性例子包括热解法二氧化硅、沉降二氧化硅、硅酸酐、硅酸水化物、滑石、碳黑、石灰石粉末、涂布和未涂布的胶体碳酸钙、涂布和未涂布的研磨碳酸钙、涂布和未涂布的沉积碳酸钙、高岭土、硅藻土、耐火土、粘土、二氧化钛、斑脱土、有机斑脱土、氧化铁、氧化锌、活化锌白和纤维状填料如玻璃纤维或丝。所述填料可以具有任何合适的粒度,在本发明的实施方式中,所述填料粒度为5nm-10μm,在一些情况下为10nm-5μm,在其它情况下为25nm-1μm。
本发明所用粘度调节剂的非限制性例子包括碱溶性、酸溶性以及疏水改性的碱溶性或酸溶性乳液聚合物,以ACRYSOL从Rohm Hass Company购得的那些,纤维素类、改性纤维素类、天然树胶,如黄原胶等。
本发明所用颜料的非限制性例子包括二氧化硅、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氧化钛、氧化铁和碳黑。
本发明所用染料的非限制性例子包括媒染料,即从植物、昆虫和藻类制得的染料,以及直接染料,非限制性例子是基于对二氨基联苯或对二氨基联苯衍生物的那些。
本发明所用紫外光吸收剂的非限制性例子包括苯并三唑基紫外线吸收剂、水杨酸酯基紫外线吸收剂、二苯甲酮基紫外线吸收剂、受阻胺基光稳定剂和镍基光稳定剂。
本发明所用热稳定剂的非限制性例子包括HCL清除剂(非限制性例子是环氧化大豆油)、β-硫代二丙酸酯(非限制性实施例是月桂基、硬脂基、肉豆蔻基或十三烷基酯),巯基苯并咪唑、2-巯基苯并咪唑的锌盐、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二(十八烷基)二硫醚、季戊四醇四(β-十二烷基巯基)丙酸酯以及磷酸铅。
本发明所用抗氧化剂的非限制性例子包括2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,5-二叔丁基氢醌、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷基酯、季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、2,2’-亚甲基二(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-亚丁基二(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代二(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、N,N’-二苯基-对苯二胺、6-乙氧基-2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢醌以及以商品名IRGANOX从Ciba speciality Chemicals,Basel,Switzerland购得的抗氧化剂。
本发明还提供将第一粘合体或基材连接到第二粘合体或基材上的方法。所述方法包括:
将包含组分i)、ii)和可有的iii)的上述粘合剂组合物施加到第一粘合体表面的至少一部分上,并任选地施涂到第二粘合体表面的至少一部分上;
使包含粘合剂组合物的第一粘合体表面和第二粘合体表面接触,所述至少一个接触表面具有施加的组合物,由此形成粘结的组件;
固化所述粘结组件中的粘合剂组合物。
所述连接方法提供一种组件。所述组件包括第一粘合体和第二粘合体,它们各自包括选自木材、金属、塑料、纸、陶瓷、无机物、石材、玻璃和混凝土中一种或多种材料。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,所述金属包括铁或铝。在本发明另一具体实施方式中,所述塑料包含聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯以及它们的混合物。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述第一基材和第二基材在0-150℃的温度下接触。所述第一基材和第二基材也可以在大气压到500psi的压力下接触。
本发明的实施方式也涉及上述方法制得的组件,其中,至少第一粘合体或基材和第二粘合体或基材粘结在一起。
本发明其它实施方式涉及一种粘合剂、密封剂或涂料组合物,它们包含
i)权利要求16所述的官能天冬氨酸酯,
ii)上述异氰酸酯官能材料,以及任选的
iii)上述胺增链剂。
本发明另一实施方式涉及涂布基材的方法,所述方法包括将上述包含组分i)、ii)和可有的iii)的涂料组合物施涂到所述基材表面的至少一部分上。本发明还提供按照上述方法制得的涂布基材。因此,所述基材可以是(但不限于)选自木材、金属、塑料、纸、陶瓷、无机物、石材、玻璃、混凝土中的一种或多种材料。在具体的实施方式中,所述基材可以包括木材、金属如铁类基材和铝基材、以及塑料。
所述涂料组合物可以通过常规的方式进行施涂,如刷涂、浸涂、流涂、喷涂等。在施涂到基材上时,所述组合物会在基材上聚结形成基本上连续的薄膜。通过加热或空气风干来除去薄膜中的液体,由此在基材表面上形成薄膜。
本发明的又一实施方式涉及涂料组合物,它是双组分组合物,其中,第一组分包含i)和可有的iii),第二组分包含ii)。
本发明的实施方式涉及将组合物施涂到基材上的方法,所述方法包括如上所述将组分i)和组分ii)混合在一起。
在以下实施例中更具体地说明本发明,它们仅用于说明的目的,本文中的许多修改和替换对本发明那些技术人员来说显而易见。除非另有说明,所有份数和百分数均以重量计。
实施例1
本实施例说明了本发明中间体2-(2-甲基-1-氮丙啶基)琥珀酸二乙酯的合成。使用带热电偶、搅拌器、氮气入口、进料漏斗和指形冷冻器的圆底烧瓶,在保持温度低于30℃的条件下将8.08g(0.1415mol)2-甲基氮丙啶和马来酸二乙酯(24.36g,0.1415mol)混合,并搅拌过夜。抽真空以除去未反应的2-甲基氮丙啶。使用气相色谱法(GC)来判断反应完成。
实施例2-9
在装有搅拌器的圆底烧瓶中,在室温下将实施例1制得的产物和包含活性氢的化合物混合,实施例1的产物和活性氢化合物的当量比为1:1,由此制备天冬氨酸酯官能合物。使用GPC和GC证实反应完成。具体实施例列于下表中。
用手将所述天冬氨酸酯官能合物和多异氰酸酯(N-3000)以NCO:NH=1:1的比例混合。按照DIN53505和ASTM D2240确定肖氏A硬度和肖氏D硬度。在 4444(Instron Corp.,Canton,MA)上按照DIN/ISO 527确定拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。
下表显示了具体的结果。
实施例 | 活性氢化合物 | 肖氏A | 肖氏B | 拉伸强度 | 拉伸率(%) |
2 | 聚酯A<sup>1</sup> | 56 | 8 | 149 | 144 |
3 | 聚酯B<sup>2</sup> | 66 | 13 | 587 | 112 |
4 | 己二酸 | -- | 55 | 1351 | 144 |
5 | 己二酸 | -- | 63 | 2247 | 140 |
6 | 聚醚A<sup>3</sup> | 32 | -- | 419 | 224 |
7 | 聚醚B<sup>4</sup> | 76 | -- | 2552 | 80 |
8 | 聚醚C<sup>5</sup> | 54 | -- | 924 | 111 |
9 | 聚醚D<sup>6</sup> | 80 | -- | 2240 | 45 |
1己二酸、1,6-己二醇和新戊二醇的聚酯,数均分子量(Mn)=1030
2己二酸、1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇和三羟甲基丙烷的聚酯,Mn=1275
实施例10-12
如上所述,通过混合实施例1制得的产物和两种包含活性氢的化合物混合来制备天冬氨酸酯官能合物。然后如上所述,以NCO:NH=1:1的比例用手混合天冬氨酸酯官能合物和 N-3300。如上所述进行评价,结果如下表所示。
7由己二酸、己二醇、新戊二醇和三羟甲基丙烷制得的酸封端聚酯。
9亚胺官能聚胺
虽然为说明起见以上已经详细说明了本发明,但是应理解这些细节仅用于说明的目的,除了本发明受权利要求书的限制以外,在不背离本发明精神和范围的条件下,本领域那些技术人员可以进行替换。
Claims (9)
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯官能材料是包含2-6个异氰酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯具有以下通式所示的结构:
OCN-R17-NCO
式中,R17选自C2-C24直链、支链和环状亚烷基、亚芳基和亚芳烷基,它可以任选包含一个或多个异氰酸酯基。
4.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯选自1,4-四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基-1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,12-十二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、环己烷-1,3-二异氰酸酯和环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、1-异氰酸根合-2-异氰酸根合甲基环戊烷、1-异氰酸根合-3-异氰酸根合甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷、二-(4-异氰酸根合环己基)-甲烷、2,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,3-二-(异氰酸根合甲基)-环己烷和1,4-二-(异氰酸根合甲基)-环己烷、二-(4-异氰酸根合-3-甲基-环己基)-甲烷、α,α,α’,α’-四甲基-1,3-二异氰酸酯、α,α,α’,α’-1,4-苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基-4(3)-异氰酸根合甲基环己烷、2,4-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,3-苯二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,4-二苯基-甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基-甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,5-二异氰酸根合萘以及它们的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物还包含选自流平剂、润湿剂、流动控制剂、抗结皮剂、消泡剂、填料、增粘剂、粘度调节剂、增塑剂、颜料、染料、紫外吸收剂、热稳定剂、抗氧化剂和它们的混合物中一种或多种材料。
6.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,它包含iii)胺增链剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述胺是C1-C24直链、支链或环状烷基、芳基、烷芳基或芳烷基双官能胺,任选包含一个或多个-O-、-NH-或-S-杂原子。
8.如权利要求1所述的组合物,它是双组分组合物,其特征在于,第一组分包含i),第二组分包含ii)。
9.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述第一组分还包含iii)胺增链剂。
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JP4011961B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-26 | 2007-11-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | ポリウレア樹脂組成物、ポリウレア被膜の製造方法、ポリウレア樹脂用硬化剤及びポリウレア樹脂形成用の組成物セット |
US6667407B2 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-12-23 | Bayer Polymers Llc | Process of making polyaziridines |
US6774207B2 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-08-10 | Bayer Polymers Llc | Polyaspartate resins with good hardness and flexibility |
-
2004
- 2004-07-14 US US10/890,873 patent/US20060011295A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-07-01 EP EP20050014361 patent/EP1627868B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-01 DE DE200560003882 patent/DE602005003882T2/de active Active
- 2005-07-11 CA CA 2511793 patent/CA2511793C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-13 MX MXPA05007526A patent/MXPA05007526A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-07-14 CN CNB2005100859251A patent/CN100543009C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-14 JP JP2005205643A patent/JP2006028515A/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-01-23 HK HK07100790A patent/HK1094188A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-01-15 US US12/354,036 patent/US7759452B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2677681A (en) * | 1951-10-06 | 1954-05-04 | Allied Colloids Mfg Company Lt | Derivatives of ethylene imine |
US5516873A (en) * | 1994-07-11 | 1996-05-14 | Bayer Corporation | Polyisocyanate/polyamine mixtures and their use for the production of polyurea coatings |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1627868B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
EP1627868A2 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
US7759452B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
EP1627868A3 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
CA2511793C (en) | 2013-05-28 |
CA2511793A1 (en) | 2006-01-14 |
HK1094188A1 (en) | 2007-03-23 |
MXPA05007526A (es) | 2006-04-28 |
US20090142601A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
US20060011295A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
JP2006028515A (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
DE602005003882T2 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
DE602005003882D1 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
CN1865229A (zh) | 2006-11-22 |
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