Dielectric test switch and earth-leakage circuit-breaker
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dielectric test switch, this test switch can be applied to carry out the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of overcurrent protection and earth fault protection function in low-voltage distribution system.This dielectric test switch can make Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and main circuit disconnect when the insulation of carrying out earth-leakage circuit-breaker and withstand voltage test, with protection Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit.The invention still further relates to a kind of structure that the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of this dielectric test switch is housed.
Background technology
Protective device in the low-voltage distribution system comprises molded tank-truck circuit-breaker and earth-leakage circuit-breaker.The conventional earth-leakage circuit-breaker of popularizing on the Japanese market can provide overcurrent protection and earth fault protection at present.In earth-leakage circuit-breaker recently, for making the consumer be easier to use, the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of en-block construction pattern is a main flow, and wherein the body shell of the body shell of a molded tank-truck circuit-breaker in same framework and an earth-leakage circuit-breaker has same external dimensions and shared most possibly each critical piece.
Be used for earth leakage protection; earth-leakage circuit-breaker is equipped with a zero-phase current transformer and a leakage current testing circuit (a kind of electronic circuit that comprises integrated circuit); the former detects the interior unsymmetrical current of each primary wires of main circuit, and the latter detects the Leaked Current of Line to Ground incident from the secondary output voltage of zero-phase current transformer.This circuit breaker is once the output signal tripping operation of receiving from the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit.The electrical power that is used to control this Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit is to supply with by the in-line power lead between the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit in main circuit and earth-leakage circuit-breaker, and is that the phasetophase voltage of main circuit is carried out rectification to supply with the electrical power of necessity to the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit.
Various standard codes, earth-leakage circuit-breaker product should have the predefined phase insulation intensity of each phase that can resist the main circuit in the body shell.Therefore, each product need stand insulation and withstand voltage test (megameter test), to determine whether to meet predetermined dielectric strength.Insulation and withstand voltage test are to be undertaken by applying test voltage in each of each binding post of main circuit between mutually under the off-state at earth-leakage circuit-breaker under the condition of the contact that disconnects main circuit.Test voltage is the rated voltage that is defined as corresponding to earth-leakage circuit-breaker.At 400 earth-leakage circuit-breakers that arrive in the 600V scope, test voltage is 2,500V for rated voltage.
If under the situation that the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit is connected in main circuit, insulate with withstand voltage test, be the high test voltage that the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit of electronic circuit will stand to apply, this will damage testing circuit.So, for the ease of insulating in the installation place of earth-leakage circuit-breaker and the withstand voltage test, proposed and become a kind of earth-leakage circuit-breaker of cicada (patent document 1), wherein, additionally be equipped with a dielectric test switch (megameter Test Switchboard) in this earth-leakage circuit-breaker, and when insulating, this dielectric test switch is disconnected, so that Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and main circuit disconnect with the withstand voltage test.Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of this earth-leakage circuit-breaker.
Referring to Fig. 4, label 1 expression has each three-phase main circuit mutually of R, S and T, the main circuit contact of label 2 expression circuit breakers, label 3 expressions are used for the switching mechanism of main circuit contact 2, label 4 expression switch knobs, and label 5 expression over current trips, it just makes the switching mechanism tripping when detecting overcurrent or short circuit current.This ground connection situation that detects power distribution circuit also can make the Leaked Current of Line to Ground tripgear of circuit breaker tripping comprise zero-phase current transformer 6, Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 (electronic circuit that comprises integrated circuit) and breaking coil device 8; Wherein, zero-phase current transformer detects the main circuit unsymmetrical current of each primary wires mutually of R, S and T of main circuit 1, the ground connection incident that Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 detects from the secondary output voltage of zero-phase current transformer 6, and breaking coil device 8 is once the output action of receiving Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7.
Supply with the electrical power that is used to control Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 from the supply lines 9 and the rectification circuit 10 of the voltage between phases of main circuit 1 each lead by being connected in main circuit 1.Dielectric test switch 11 (patent document 1) is inserted in these power supply circuits, and it turn-offs before the insulation of earth-leakage circuit-breaker and withstand voltage test, so that Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 and main circuit disconnection.Although the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 in the example of Fig. 1 is to be powered mutually with T by the R phase of main circuit by voltage between phases being transformed into direct current, and correspondingly, these power supply circuits adopt the dielectric test switch at the two poles of the earth, but in some cases, Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 also can be powered by R, S and T three-phase, and correspondingly adopts the dielectric test switch of one three utmost point.
(patent document 1)
Japanese unexamined patent publication No.2005-26105
In order in the confined space in the body shell of the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of en-block construction pattern, to install a dielectric test switch additional, must solve important problem and comprise the miniaturization of finding the space that is used to install this switch, this switch and the reliability of guaranteeing to comprise electric insulation and operability.
Earth-leakage circuit-breaker has the many functional parts that will install, compares with the molded tank-truck circuit-breaker of the identical frames with universal external size, comprises the zero-phase current transformer and the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit of increase.Each main function components of multiple pattern is contained in the body shell, does not almost give and installs the dielectric test switch slot milling additional.Therefore, dielectric test switch must be as far as possible little and compact.From this viewpoint, the dielectric test switch (that is a slipping switch) of the earth-leakage circuit-breaker that patent document 1 discloses needs a very long cut-off/close operational stroke (distance), thereby it is difficult to be configured to the little and compact structure of external dimensions.Also having the problem on the manufacture process, is exactly to be difficult to realize the general of parts when producing the switch of different size (the two poles of the earth or three utmost points).
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dielectric test switch that improves structure that has.By commenting the structure of dielectric test switch, be intended to make dielectric test switch of the present invention to reach the dielectric strength and the parts versatility of improved compactedness, improved operability, enhancing.Target dielectric test switch of the present invention structurally is modified in the body shell that can be installed at circuit breaker, and need not to change the layout of main function components.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of earth-leakage circuit-breaker that this dielectric test switch is installed, and wherein, when the insulation of carrying out circuit breaker and withstand voltage test, is easy to make Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and main circuit to disconnect by manual operation.
In order to achieve the above object, dielectric test switch of the present invention is connected in and is arranged in the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit of earth-leakage circuit-breaker and the power supply circuits between the main circuit and when the insulation of carrying out circuit breaker and withstand voltage test, disconnect, so that Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and main circuit disconnection.This dielectric test switch has a modular construction, comprising: the insulator switch case with the next door that is used to separate the utmost point; The fixed electrode of each utmost point that is arranged in the switch case lower area is right, and the described fixed electrode of each utmost point is to being maintained on the corresponding fixed electrode retainer; Be arranged in the bridge-type moving contact of fixed electrode to each utmost point of top; The bridge-type moving contact of all each utmost points kept together and be contained in movable contact holder in the switch case slidably at vertical direction; And the action head that continues and extend upward switch case from movable contact holder.Each parts of dielectric test switch have following characteristics.
(1) the bridge-type moving contact is to constitute with the spring leaf that two ends have an inverted V-shaped of contact point, and the center of spring leaf is connected in the lower end of movable contact holder, and each moving contact is facing to each fixed contact.
(2) the fixed electrode retainer is to be installed in the switch case as a box.
A kind of earth-leakage circuit-breaker, it comprises in its body shell: the main circuit contact, the switching mechanism that is used for the main circuit contact, over current trip, the Leaked Current of Line to Ground tripgear that comprises zero-phase current transformer and Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit, and dielectric test switch, this switch is the power supply circuits of the back panel wiring between closed and disconnected Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and the main circuit manually, when the insulation of carrying out circuit breaker and withstand voltage test, this dielectric test switch can be closed, so that Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit and main circuit disconnect, wherein, the dielectric test switch of said structure being arranged is interior zero that side of circuitry phase instrument transformer of body shell that is arranged in circuit breaker.
In order manually to carry out the connection/shutoff operation of dielectric test switch from the body shell outside of this earth-leakage circuit-breaker, the cover plate of the main casing of circuit breaker is provided with an opening that is used for switching manipulation, and this opening is facing to the top from the upwardly extending action head of the movable contact holder of dielectric test switch.Easy to operate in order to ensure dielectric test switch is formed with a hook on the top of the action head of dielectric test switch, is used for that this hook disconnects and closed this switch by manually pulling on and pushing.
Dielectric test switch with said structure can be configured to littler compacter than traditional switch (patent document 1), therefore and can be installed in the body shell of earth-leakage circuit-breaker, and need not to change the layout of the functional part of the common equipment in body shell and the body shell.
Dielectric test switch is provided with a hook on the top of passing the action head that its switch case stretches out, and this hook is positioned near the opening that is used for switching manipulation on the breaker body housing cover.Like this, under its installment state of the place, installation place of earth-leakage circuit-breaker, carry out its insulation and withstand voltage when test, can manually pull the on/off position to dielectric test switch from the outside at an easy rate.So, can improve operation convenience.
Dielectric test switch has the bridge-type moving contact made from the inverted V-shaped spring leaf, and the center of contact is connected in and is supported on bottom relative with fixed electrode and the movable contact holder above fixed electrode, compare with the ordinary tap of slide construction, this can reduce the required stroke of cut-off/close operation of this switch.Therefore, outside longitudinal length can be done shortlyer.
Dielectric test switch has the fixed electrode retainer of the boxlike of the fixed electrode that is used to keep each utmost point.But this fixed electrode retainer can be used as common component and is installed in the switch case in the mode that clamps, and this is convenient to the assembling process of switch.In addition, this fixed electrode retainer is easy to be common to the dielectric test switch product of different size (the two poles of the earth or three utmost points).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the action of the dielectric test switch of one embodiment of the present of invention, wherein (a) and (b) respectively expression turn on and off state;
Fig. 2 shows the structure of the dielectric test switch of Fig. 1, and wherein (a) is exterior perspective view, (b) is exploded perspective view;
Fig. 3 is the overall stereogram that an earth-leakage circuit-breaker of dielectric test switch shown in Figure 1 is housed; And
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that is equipped with the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of a dielectric test switch.
Embodiment
Below, referring to figs. 1 through 3 explanations several preferred embodiments of the present invention.The identical parts with among Fig. 4 among Fig. 1 to 3 indicate with same label.
Fig. 3 shows the general structure of the earth-leakage circuit-breaker that dielectric test switch of the present invention is housed.Referring to Fig. 3, the body shell of the earth-leakage circuit-breaker of label 12 expression split structures, it is made of bottom shell 12a and top blind flange 12b.In body shell 12, switching mechanism 3, operating grip 4, over current trip 5, zero-phase current transformer 6, the Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit (printed circuit board (PCB)) 7 of main circuit contact 2 are installed, these all are the functional parts of mentioning at Fig. 4, also have dielectric test switch 11, this will describe in detail hereinafter.Dielectric test switch is aligned in zero-phase current transformer 6 those sides and is installed in the space that each lead (primary wires of zero-phase current transformer) by main circuit centers on, and these leads pass the outer wall of zero-phase current transformer and body shell with the shape of bending.
The top blind flange 12b of the body shell 12 of circuit breaker is provided with an opening 12c who is used for switching manipulation, and the position of this opening can be adjusted (structure of action head will be described hereinafter) according to the position of the action head of dielectric test switch 11.By this opening, can be from the outside with manual operation (push and pull on) connection/shutoff dielectric test switch 11.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) show the detailed structure of dielectric test switch 11 (in this example, being two-photo pole switch).Dielectric test switch 11 has a modular construction, and it comprises: the switch case of being made by insulator (resin) 13; Several fixed electrode retainers 15 (being formed from a resin), they each all be the pair of stationary electrodes 14 that the single part of a box-shaped structure is arranged and keep each utmost point; The bridge-type moving contact 16 of and each electrode fixed electrode above relative with fixed electrode; The moving contact of all each utmost points kept together and be contained in movable contact holder 17 (being formed from a resin) in the switch case slidably at vertical direction; An and action 17a who continues and extend upward the cover plate 13a of switch case 13 from contact retainer 17 tops.The hook on an action 17a top is positioned near the opening 12c (Fig. 3) that is used for switching manipulation on the breaker body housing and is contained in the body shell 12.Label 18 among Fig. 3 indicates an installation retainer that is used for dielectric test switch.
Switch case 13 is separated by next door 13c and is used for two electrodes.The fixed electrode retainer 15 of each utmost point inserts from housing bottom as a box.Each mesh hook 15a that is formed in the side surface of fixed electrode retainer 15 is installed in out in the engaging hole 13b on the side surface of switch case 13 in the mode of clamping.Bridge-type moving contact 16 is made of the conductor part such as phosphor bronze with spring performance and is configured as inverted V-shaped.The center of bridge-type moving contact is connected in movable contact holder 17, and each contact point at moving contact two ends is facing to each fixed electrode 14.
When an action 17a of dielectric test switch 11 was pushed down, shown in Fig. 1 (a), each fixed electrode 14 of each utmost point became with bridge-type moving contact 16 and contacts, and makes this switch connection.When an action 17a was pulled on, shown in Fig. 1 (b), bridge-type moving contact 16 just broke away from fixed electrode 14, and this switch is disconnected.
Dielectric test switch 11 is installed in the body shell of circuit breaker as shown in Figure 3, and one in the pair of stationary electrodes 14 of each utmost point of dielectric test switch is connected in main circuit in inside with lead, and in the pair of stationary electrodes 14 another is connected in Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuit 7 by rectification circuit 10, shown in the circuit diagram of Fig. 4.
Moving contacts 16 in the dielectric test switch 11 are bridging contact that constitutes with spring leaf and the top that is positioned at fixed electrode 14.So, to compare with the slide switch of routine, the operational stroke (distance) that is used for the closed and disconnected contact can reduce, and can reduce the vertical size of dielectric test switch 11 thus.The fixed electrode 14 of each utmost point is maintained on the retainer 15 of boxlike, and is installed in the switch case 13 as box.Like this, this fixed electrode retainer can be common to the assembling of the dielectric test switch product of different size (the two poles of the earth or three utmost points).Switch case 13 is separated by next door 13c, so as to guaranteeing each interpolar enough electric insulation distances is arranged.The moving contact 14 of each utmost point is connected in the bottom of contact retainer 17, so as to allowing by pushing or pull on synchronous connection/shutoff operation that the hook that is arranged on an action 17a top carries out all utmost points.
In the embodiment of the earth-leakage circuit-breaker shown in each figure, dielectric test switch is to be contained in together in the breaker body housing with other functional part.But, the present invention also can be applicable to such structure: wherein dielectric test switch is configured to one independently unit (a kind of external device (ED) that can randomly dispose that is used for earth-leakage circuit-breaker), and can is fixed on this dielectric test switch unit the outside of earth-leakage circuit-breaker body shell and is electrically connected on circuit breaker.
(label declaration)
1 main circuit
2 main circuit contacts
3 switching mechanisms
4 operating grips
5 over current trips
6 zero-phase current transformers
7 Leaked Current of Line to Ground testing circuits
8 breaking coil unit
11 dielectric test switch
The body shell of 12 circuit breakers
The 12b cover plate
12c is used for the opening of switching manipulation
The switch case of 13 dielectric test switch
14 fixed electrodes
15 fixed electrode retainers
16 moving contacts
17 movable contact holders
17a moves head