CN100540092C - Fixed automatic foam fire extinguishing apparatus, particularly for large hydrocarbon storage tanks - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic foam fire fighting equipment, particularly for use as a stationary equipment for fighting fires in liquid hydrocarbon storage tanks, with a tank, means for spraying fire extinguishing foam, a pipeline and a main valve in the pipeline, and a detector, characterized in that the tank is a foam tank (15) storing a foam-forming compound, water and a foaming gas and a driving gas which are soluble or emulsifiable in an aqueous solution of the foam-forming compound. The tank has a gas space (16), the means for spraying the extinguishing foam are expansion nozzles (20, 22) and the detector is comprised of at least two pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) for detecting the fire independently of each other in a substantially similar manner, a main valve (18) in the pipeline (17) is connected to the foam tank of the expansion nozzles (20, 22), the main valve being of pneumatic type, wherein the arrangement of the two pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) monitoring the same area is monitored jointly and in a pneumatic control connection, directly or indirectly, with the main valve (18), and upon detection of a fire, a control signal for opening is sent to the main valve (18).

Description

Fixed automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment especially for large hydrocarbon storage tanks

field of invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic fire extinguishing device. Due to the characteristics of its own structure, it does not need to provide energy or water from the outside from start to operation. In addition, it also has the function of preventing false start, so it is especially suitable as a fixed fire extinguishing equipment for storage tanks of flammable liquids, especially liquid hydrocarbons. The fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention has a tank, a device for spraying fire extinguishing foam, a pipeline, a main valve in the pipeline and a detector.

Background of the invention

It is well known that if a liquid hydrocarbon storage tank catches fire, there is only a very short period of time between the ignition of the fire and the burning of the liquid surface in the tank, for example, only a few seconds for gasoline. In addition, as the fire spreads, a large amount of liquid is burned from the surface every minute, for example, for gasoline, a 7mm thick layer is burned every minute. In order to avoid excessive environmental pollution and property loss caused by the massive combustion of hydrocarbons, the fire extinguishing equipment installed on the storage tank should preferably be able to start the operation quickly and automatically. For this reason, the fire must be detected with high reliability and immediately provide fire extinguishing foam, and the foam must quickly cover the burning surface.

Existing foam fire-extinguishing equipment installed on liquid hydrocarbon storage tanks, including tanks for storing foam-forming compound concentrates, separate fire water networks or separate water tanks, mixing devices for generating foam solutions, foaming devices, and spraying of fire-fighting foam Tools, a network of lines connecting these components, one or several pumps suitable for supplying water and/or foam solution onward, and shut-off valves in the lines. In addition, these devices include electric motors or internal combustion engines to drive the pumps, external energy sources to power these powered devices, detectors to put these devices into operation, and they are located at specific locations in the tank. The detectors used may be of mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or electronic type. Pneumatic detectors are of the plastic tube or sprinkler type, filled with supercompressed gas, especially air, in most cases with a pressure control switch.

The fire extinguishing equipment with pneumatic detectors in the prior art works in such a way that once a fire occurs, the gas in the detector expands due to heat, so the pressure increases, or the pressure drops due to damage to the detector, and the pressure change causes the air pressure control switch to send out an alarm. An electrical signal, an electrical signal, or a signal induced by an electrical signal activates the pump, which in turn initiates the flow of water, thereby causing the device to operate. The flowing water is first mixed with the foam-forming compound to form a foam solution. The foam solution flowing in the pipeline network is mixed with air in the foaming device to form a fire-extinguishing foam. The usable fire-extinguishing foam thus obtained to its final volume is passed through the required cross-section The spout or through the foam chamber to the surface of the liquid burning in the storage tank.

The disadvantage of these devices is that if the pressure in the detector changes due to some kind of error, for example due to damage caused during maintenance, installation errors, defects in materials, aging or overheating caused by sunlight, etc., the detector will give an error signal , will activate the fire extinguishing equipment as if there was a fire. After the fire extinguishing equipment is automatically started due to the error signal of the detector, it will continuously generate fire extinguishing foam and spray it into the storage tank until it stops by itself, that is, until it is confirmed that the detector sends out an error signal. This is a great waste of bubbles, which is a great loss in itself. Other losses include energy consumption, water consumption, the need to refill the foam-forming compound in the fire suppression equipment, etc. In addition, the foam is a contaminant that must be removed from the liquid hydrocarbon surface, and the storage tanks have to be diverted from production to overhaul and/or rebuild, which is costly. Another nuisance is the false alarm of the fire brigade, which also has to pay a certain cost.

Another disadvantage of these devices is that they require external energy sources to operate, as well as the pumps that use them, so the operation of the devices is dependent on the actual condition of the energy sources and pumps, which is also a potential source of error.

As far as the existing equipment structure is concerned, much effort has been made to eliminate these disadvantages by establishing and maintaining parts of the network dedicated to fire fighting, for example, establishing and maintaining independent fire water networks or independent fire water tanks. The electricity network is dedicated to the work of fire extinguishing equipment, and/or has a ready-to-use backup pump, etc. Establishing and maintaining an independent energy source is a large investment, and it does not have the necessary reliability in the application of automatic fire suppression equipment. Because even if there is an independent power network, once an explosion occurs with a fire in the storage tank, or the circuit catches fire, due to the instability of the power network, the fire extinguishing equipment is likely to fail at a critical moment, or start slowly.

Because existing fire extinguishing equipment has above-mentioned many shortcomings, it is necessary to develop a kind of automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment, and it starts in time, runs highly reliable, and has the structure of preventing false start.

Summary of the invention

The basic idea of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages with a foam fire extinguishing device, the energy for generating fire extinguishing foam, starting the equipment and maintaining the operation of the equipment is easy to store. Therefore, the main idea of the present invention is that in addition to the gaseous medium used to generate the fire extinguishing foam and as a component of the fire extinguishing foam, the detector must be of the pneumatic type, the control device must be of the pneumatic type, and the energy required to generate and spray the fire extinguishing foam Must be stored in equipment as an energy storage system in the form of a readily available super-compressed non-flammable gaseous medium.

Therefore, the present invention is particularly suitable for fixed automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment for extinguishing fires of liquid hydrocarbon storage tanks, having tanks, means for spraying fire extinguishing foam, pipelines, main valves in the pipelines and detectors. The main feature of the fire extinguishing equipment is that its tank is a foam tank, which stores the foam-forming compound, water and foaming and driving gas soluble or emulsified in the aqueous solution of the foam-forming compound. The tank has a gas space, and the device for spraying the extinguishing foam is an expansion nozzle, in addition, its detector consists of at least two pneumatic detectors, which are used to detect the fire independently of each other and in a substantially similar manner, the foam tank and the expansion nozzle are connected in the pipeline The main valve is pneumatic, and the two pneumatic detectors monitoring the same area are located in a common control position. They are connected with the main valve directly or indirectly for pneumatic control. Once a fire is detected, the main valve is given an open control. Signal.

Detailed description of the invention

In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus, the blowing gas and the driving gas are one gas, preferably carbon dioxide.

In another preferred embodiment of the device, the blowing gas and the driving gas are a gas mixture, preferably a mixture comprising carbon dioxide.

The volume of the foam tank in the fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention depends on the amount of foam forming compound and water corresponding to the amount of fire extinguishing foam to be produced, plus the foaming and driving gas or gas which can be dissolved or emulsified in the foam forming compound and water The volume of the mixture after supercompression. The jar is chemically inert to the foam-forming compound, as well as the blowing and driving gases, and is pressure-resistant. There is a gas space with a volume not less than 8% of the volume of the jar inside the jar, and when the jar is in a normal state, there are only gas phase substances in the gas space. The tanks are fitted with suitably placed priming devices - short pipe valves, etc. - to supply the firefighting foam components, and pressure gauges.

The expansion nozzles for spraying fire-extinguishing foam can be of any conventional construction, also can be so-called continuous linear nozzles, and can be equipped with pressure compensation chambers or pressure compensation tanks, or not.

The line connecting the foam tank to the expansion nozzle is made of a material having the required strength and its diameter is selected according to the amount of foam to pass under the required pressure, and the line is connected to a part of the foam tank where the liquid phase substance is stored.

The main valve in the pipeline is preferably a pneumatically controlled two-position transmitter or a butterfly gate valve controlled by a cylinder.

The construction of the pneumatic detector in the fire extinguishing installation according to the invention is known per se. The pneumatic detector is filled with a gaseous medium with a pressure higher than normal pressure, such as air, preferably a driving and/or foaming gas. The detection element in the detector is deformed by heat, so the internal gas pressure drops to normal pressure. Such pneumatic detectors can be plastic pipe linear detectors, in which the plastic pipe filled with supercompressed gas will burst when heated, or it can be a detector with a sprinkler installed on a metal pipe, installed in an ultra-compressed gas The detection element of one or several shower heads on the metal pipe of compressed gas will be deformed after being heated.

In a preferred embodiment of the fire extinguishing device, two pneumatic detectors, which detect fire independently of each other in a substantially similar manner, can be mounted such that they are fixed near the inside edge of the tank wall at a predetermined distance from each other. In this way, the two detectors are essentially in a similar position relative to the liquid level in the tank, so that they actually detect a liquid level fire at the same position and at the same time, but they can signal fire independently of each other.

In the fire extinguishing device of the present invention, the common control mode of the two pneumatic detectors monitoring the same area and their pneumatic control connection with the main valve can be realized in different ways. Specifically, this can be achieved by establishing a logical AND connection between the two detectors, or by connecting the two detectors to the inputs of a pneumatic logic AND element, where the pneumatic logic AND element The output signal is the signal to control the main valve.

A preferred embodiment of the fire extinguishing device is that it has a pneumatic control unit, wherein the pneumatic detector is connected to the input of the pneumatic control unit and the control input of the main valve is connected to the output of the pneumatic control unit. The control unit has such a structure that as soon as a signal indicating a misfire arrives at an input connected to two pneumatic detectors monitoring the same area, this signal gives a control signal at the output commanding the opening of the main valve.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention for fire extinguishing equipment developed for the monitoring of several areas (for example, in a tank with protective collar, these areas can be the area of the tank and the area between the protective collar and the tank) , the pneumatic control unit has several pneumatic logic "AND" elements and a pneumatic logic "OR" element connected to the output of the logic "AND" element. The input of the pneumatic logical AND element (suitably via the shaping element) constitutes the input of the pneumatic control unit, receiving signals from detectors monitoring the same area (for example the inner area of the tank or the area of the protective collar), while The output of the pneumatic logical OR element (appropriately via the shaping element) forms the output of the pneumatic control unit connected to the main valve control output.

In a preferred embodiment of the fire extinguishing device according to the invention, the pneumatic power source of the pneumatic detector and the pneumatic element is the gas space of the foam tank.

In another preferred embodiment, the pneumatic detectors and pneumatic components have a pneumatic power source unit comprising an air cylinder fitted with a voltage regulator. It can be an independent pneumatic power unit, or it can be connected in parallel with the gas space of the foam tank. The working substance of the power source may be foaming gas and/or driving gas or a mixture containing these two gases, or some inert gas such as nitrogen.

The essence of the automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention will be described in more detail below through preferred embodiments in conjunction with the attached schematic diagram.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed fire extinguishing equipment installed on the storage tank, the equipment has a protective ring, and also shows a schematic diagram of its pneumatic working system.

In this embodiment, the schematic structure of the fire extinguishing equipment shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the shrouded tank has two monitored areas, one inside the tank 10 and the area between the tank 10 and the shroud 12 .

Fire extinguishing equipment has foam tank 15, expansion nozzle 20 and 22, and the foam pipeline 17 that connects foam tank 15 and expansion nozzle 20,22, and this pipeline 17 links to each other with foam tank 15 and expansion nozzle 20 and 20, and this pipeline 17 connects foam tank 15 is connected to the expansion nozzles 20 and 20 , and this line 17 is connected to the lower space of the foam tank 15 . A pneumatic two-position two-way transmitter is inserted in the pipeline 17, which is used as the main valve 18.

The expansion nozzle 20 is sleeved on the inner side of the upper edge of the tank wall of the storage tank 10, as can be seen from the partial sectional view of the storage tank 10, its slots point to the tank wall. Similarly, the expansion nozzle 22 is set on the inner side of the upper edge of the wall of the protective ring sleeve 12 of the storage tank 10, as shown in the partial cross-sectional view of the expansion nozzle 22 in the partial cross-sectional view of the protective ring sleeve 12, its slot 23 points to the sleeve wall .

The fire extinguishing equipment has two pneumatic detectors 31 and 32 of plastic tube type, which are installed in the inner space of the storage tank 10 close to the edge, below the expansion nozzle 20, on the inside along the tank wall of the storage tank 10, one below the other , and are separated by a predetermined distance from each other. In addition, it has two pneumatic detectors 35 and 36 of plastic tube type, which are installed in the inner space of the protective ring casing 12 close to the edge, under the expansion nozzle 22, inside the casing wall, one below the other, and are separated from each other by a predetermined distance, which can be seen from the partial cross-sectional view of the protective ring 12 .

In this way, the two detectors 31 and 32 in the storage tank 10 are located approximately close to the liquid level, so that they can actually detect a fire on the liquid level in the same way, and they can signal fire independently of each other. Similarly, the two detectors 35 and 36 in the protective ring are located in approximately the same position relative to the liquid level, so that they can actually detect a fire on the liquid level in the same way, and they can signal fire independently of each other .

The fire extinguishing equipment has a pneumatic control unit 40 , and the pneumatic detectors 31 , 32 and 35 , 36 are connected to the input end of the pneumatic control unit 40 through independent pneumatic conduits 33 , 34 and 37 , 38 . The output end of the pneumatic control unit 40 is connected to the control input end of the pneumatic two-way two-position transmitter as the main valve 18 through the pneumatic control conduit 45 .

The pneumatic control unit 40 has two pneumatic elements 61 and 63 to implement logical "AND" operation, and a pneumatic element 65 connected to the output ends of the two pneumatic elements 61 and 63 to implement logical "OR" operation. The pneumatic detectors 31 and 32 located in the interior space of the tank 10 are connected to the input of the first pneumatic element 61 via conduits 33 and 34 via signal shaping elements 56 and 57 . The pneumatic detectors 35 and 36 located in the inner space of the protective collar 12 are connected to the input of the second pneumatic element 63 via conduits 37 and 38 via signal shaping elements 58 and 59 . The output of the pneumatic element 65 passes through a signal shaping element 67 forming the output of the pneumatic control unit 40 .

The pneumatic power source of the fire extinguishing equipment is the gas space 16 of the foam tank 15, the gas space 16 is connected to the supply output end of the pneumatic control unit 40 through the gas supply conduit 41, and is connected to the main valve 18 as the main valve 18 through the gas supply conduit 43. Supply input for pneumatic two-position bi-directional conveyor.

Each input of the pneumatic control unit 40 of the fire extinguishing device is connected to its supply input via a separate pneumatic choke element 51 , 52 , 53 and 54 .

Before the fire extinguishing equipment takes effect, the foam tank 15 is filled with an aqueous solution of a foam-forming compound through a suitable opening, and an ultra-compressed foaming gas and a driving gas that are soluble and/or emulsifiable in the solution, preferably for two purposes carbon dioxide, while the main valve 18 and the safety valve (not shown in the figure) in the conduit are in the closed position. In addition, through the air supply conduit 41 and the pneumatic control unit 40, the plastic tube type pneumatic detectors 31, 32, 35 and 36 are filled with compressed gas from the gas space 16 of the foam tank 15; through the air supply conduit 43 and the pneumatic control unit 40 , the main valve 18 is in the pre-pressed closed position.

In this way, the device is in a ready-to-operate state.

If the pressure changes in the pneumatic detectors 31 , 32 on the tank 10 or in the pneumatic detectors 35 , 36 on the protective collar 12 , indicating a fire hazard, the device is activated. In this embodiment, the plastic tube of the detector bursts at high temperature, so that the pressure in the detector drops to normal pressure.

The pressure signal, reduced to atmospheric pressure, is delivered via conduits 33 , 34 and/or 37 , 38 to the inputs of signal shaping elements 56 , 57 and/or 58 , 59 connected to corresponding inputs of the pneumatic control unit 40 . As a result, the output signal of one or both pairs of signal shaping elements changes. Due to the simultaneous change of the two input signals, the pneumatic element 61 connected to the output of the signal shaping element 56,57 and/or the pneumatic element 63 connected to the output of the signal shaping element 58,59 will send a signal to one or the other of the pneumatic element 65. Two inputs send out fire hazard signals. Therefore, through the pneumatic control conduit 45 connected to the pneumatic control unit 40 with the signal shaping element 67 inserted therein, the pneumatic element 65 switches the pneumatic two-way two-position transmitter as the main valve 18 into an open state.

After the main valve 18 is in the open state, the overpressure in the foam tank 15 pushes the fire extinguishing foam out of the foam tank 15, the fire extinguishing foam contains a mixture of foam forming compound and water and the foaming gas dissolved therein. The compressed firefighting foam then enters expansion nozzles 20 and/or 22 via foam line 17 . When the compressed fire extinguishing foam enters the internal space of the storage tank 10 and/or the protective ring 12 under normal pressure through the slits of the expansion nozzles 20 and 22, the super-compressed foaming gas dissolved in the solution will swell the foam, and its volume Corresponds to volume at normal pressure. In this way, the froth solution is converted into a froth flow. Therefore, the occurrence of fire extinguishing foam is done at the right place and time.

Expansion nozzles 20 and 22 spray fire extinguishing foam along the tank wall or protective ring wall, and the foam flows along the wall to the liquid surface, cooling the inner wall on the one hand, and forming an insulating layer on the inner wall on the other hand, insulating the inner wall from flame and heat . When the foam reaches the burning liquid surface, it floats on the liquid surface, moves from the tank wall or the protective ring wall to the center of the liquid surface, and gradually covers the liquid surface. Due to the continuous supply of foam, the foam gradually closes, reducing the free burning area of the liquid surface, and at the same time, the fire on the surface already covered by foam is extinguished. The foam floating on the liquid surface closes in the center or, for floating roof tanks or tanks with protective collars, the foam reaches the foam barrier or tank wall and surrounds it. In this way, the foam achieves the purpose of extinguishing the fire by covering the exposed liquid surface and insulating the burning surface from oxygen. The fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention extinguished the intense fire on the surface of ^500m in the experimental tank within 30 seconds.

The choke elements 51, 52, 53, 54 ensure that the pressure drop in the pneumatic detector causes the pressure in the gas space to become aerodynamic with an acceptable delay effect.

The measure to ensure that the fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention does not misstart is such a structure, that is, only when the two pneumatic detectors 31, 32 installed in the storage tank 10 or the pneumatic detectors 35, 36 installed in the protective ring 12 The pneumatic control unit 40 sends out a fire danger signal only when the pressure in the cylinder changes at the same time to indicate a fire danger.

If the pressure of only one pneumatic detector in the storage tank 10 or the protective ring 12 changes, or the pressure of two pneumatic detectors installed in different positions changes, the control unit 40 will not take it as a fire signal, so The indicated fire hazard control signal will not be issued.

The fire extinguishing equipment can also be made in such a way that the expansion nozzle 20 in the storage tank 10 is connected to the foam tank 15 with an independent main valve, while the expansion nozzle 22 in the protective ring 12 is connected to the foam tank 15 with another main valve . The control unit 40 of this device opens only one main valve or the other, or both, depending on the signal received from the pneumatic detector, so that only the tank, or only the protective ring, or both or full of bubbles at the same time.

In a simple embodiment of the fire extinguishing device according to the invention, only two pneumatic detectors are installed in the tank. In this embodiment, when the pressure in the two pneumatic detectors changes due to a misfire, the control unit 40 sends a signal to open the main valve.

Fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention can also be made like this, make it have independent pneumatic power unit, and this unit comprises the air cylinder that pressure stabilizer is housed, is filled with additional foaming gas and drive gas in the cylinder, or is filled with Gases that are insignificant in terms of bubble gas, driving gas and environment. In a particularly safe and reliable embodiment of the device, a pneumatic power unit comprising a cylinder equipped with a pressure stabilizer is used in conjunction with the gas space 16 of the foam tank 15 .

The main advantage of the fire extinguishing device of the present invention is that all the energy required for its operation, i.e. all the energy required to open the main valve, generate the fire extinguishing foam and send it from the tank to the fire extinguishing site, is stored in the form of pressure energy, because The supercompressed foaming gas and/or driving gas are filled in the foam tank of the device, and the supercompressed energy is stored in the tank. The fire extinguishing equipment is thus at the ready and can be activated automatically at any time, irrespective of the presence of other networks such as electricity networks, discharge networks, fuel tanks and their working status such as the state of the pumps.

Another major advantage of the device of the invention is that its detectors are pneumatic. Therefore, the detector is always ready to act automatically if dynamic pressure is present. When a fire occurs, the output signal of the detector that transmits information is a pneumatic signal, and this signal is preferably the pressure drop from the dynamic pressure to the normal pressure in the detector, so a working substance is needed when the equipment is working. A foaming gas and/or driving gas with a certain pressure is more selected. It can be seen that in this case, it is the working substance that stores the required energy for the operation of the device, and at the same time allows the working substance to transmit the signal carrying the information required for the operation of the device. Another advantage is that by organizing the detectors into logical connections, the device is practically immune to false detection signals.

After being adjusted according to actual needs, the fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention can be installed in fuel storage tanks of any size, and pneumatic detectors can be installed in appropriate positions according to needs, and the pneumatic detectors can be organized into several logical connections. One pneumatic detector is organized into several connections, and one or several pneumatic control units are used to control the main valve in pipe one, supplying fire extinguishing foam to several independent expansion nozzles.

The fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention can also be used as fixed automatic fire extinguishing equipment for independently protecting several storage tanks.

The fire extinguishing device of the present invention is particularly suitable for use as a fixed fire extinguishing device for storage tanks of liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline, kerosene, petroleum, etc., or other flammable liquids such as alcohol or other solvents. But it can also be used in other places as fixed automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment, such as warehouses for storing combustible materials, etc.

Claims (11)

1. A kind of automatic foam fire extinguishing equipment, it is applicable to as the fixed equipment of liquid hydrocarbon storage tank fire extinguishing, and it has tank, the device of spraying fire extinguishing foam, pipeline and the main valve that is positioned at pipeline, and detector, it is characterized in that, it The jar is a foam tank (15), which has stored foam-forming compound, water and foaming gas and driving gas that can be dissolved or emulsified in the aqueous solution of foam-forming compound, and there is a gas space (16) in the jar, and the device for spraying fire-extinguishing foam is Expansion nozzles (20, 22), in addition, whose detectors consist of at least two pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) for detecting fire independently of each other and in a similar manner, in line (17) The main valve (18) connected to the foam tank of the expansion nozzle (20, 22) is of the pneumatic type, where two probes of the pneumatic type (31, 32; 35, 36) monitoring the same area are arranged with respect to each other Playing a common monitoring role, they are directly or indirectly connected with the main valve (18) for pneumatic control, and once a flame is detected, a control signal for opening is sent to the main valve (18). 2. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the foaming gas and the driving gas are one gas. 3. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the foaming gas and the driving gas are carbon dioxide. 4. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the foaming gas and the driving gas are a gas mixture. 5. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the foaming gas and the propelling gas are a mixture comprising carbon dioxide. 6. Fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) are linear detectors, or detectors with sprinklers mounted on metal pipes. 7. The fire extinguishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) are installed so that they are fixed near the inside edge of the tank wall at a predetermined distance from each other. 8. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a pneumatic control unit (40), the pneumatic detector (31, 32; 35, 36) is connected with the input end of the pneumatic control unit (40), and the main valve ( The control input of 18) is connected to the output of the pneumatic control unit (40), which has such a structure that once the signal indicating the misfire reaches it and the two pneumatic detectors (31, 32) monitoring the same area ; 35,36) connected to the input end, it can send a control signal at the output end to command the main valve (18) to open. 9. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a pneumatic control unit (40), which has several pneumatic logic "AND" elements (61, 63) and is connected in logic " Pneumatic logic "OR" element (65) on the output of the "AND" element, the input of the pneumatic logic "AND" element (61, 63) constitutes the pneumatic control unit appropriately through the shaping element (56, 57, 58, 59) (40) accepts signals from detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) monitoring the same area (e.g. the interior area of the tank or the protective collar area), while the pneumatic logic OR element (65) The output end of the direct or through the shaping element (67) constitutes the output end of the pneumatic control unit connected to the control input end of the main valve (18). 10. Fire extinguishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic power source of the pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) and pneumatic elements is the gas space (16) of the foam tank. 11. Fire extinguishing equipment according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the pneumatic detectors (31, 32; 35, 36) and the pneumatic components have a pneumatic power source unit comprising a cylinder equipped with a pressure stabilizer .

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