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CN100467985C - 采用斯特林冷冻机系统的设备及其使用方法 - Google Patents

采用斯特林冷冻机系统的设备及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN100467985C
CN100467985C CNB008138699A CN00813869A CN100467985C CN 100467985 C CN100467985 C CN 100467985C CN B008138699 A CNB008138699 A CN B008138699A CN 00813869 A CN00813869 A CN 00813869A CN 100467985 C CN100467985 C CN 100467985C
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阿瑟·G·拉迪克
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0404—Cases or cabinets of the closed type
    • A47F3/0408—Cases or cabinets of the closed type with forced air circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/02—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors plug-in type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/02—Rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/08—Thermoplastics
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    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer
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    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/14—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/001—Gas cycle refrigeration machines with a linear configuration or a linear motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/13—Vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/065—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return
    • F25D2317/0651—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return through the bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/066—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
    • F25D2317/0661—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
    • F25D2331/803—Bottles

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  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
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  • Removal Of Water From Condensation And Defrosting (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种新颖设备，用作饮料瓶的玻璃门商品柜。设备包括一个隔热箱，箱具有一个外侧和一个内侧以及至少部分地确定了一个从内侧到外侧的排放通道(84)。一个斯特林冷冻机(10)具有一个热区(28)和一个冷区(26)。一个导热件(78，82)设在箱内，并且以热交换关系与斯特林冷冻机(10)的冷区(26)连接。导热件(78，82)还在操作上与排放通道(84)联结，使得在导热件(78，82)上的冷凝物可以通过排放通道(84)流出箱外。还公布了冷却隔热箱的一种方法。

Description

采用斯特林冷冻机系统的设备及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及了致冷系统，更具体地涉及了采用斯特林冷冻机作为从所需空间去除热量机械的致冷系统。尤其是本发明涉及了出售和冷藏饮料瓶及其饮料的玻璃门商品柜。
背景技术
在我们日常生活中盛行致冷系统。在饮料行业中，在售货机、玻璃门商品柜(“GDM”)和自动售货机中可以找到致冷系统。过去，这些设备采用常规的蒸气压缩机(兰金循环)致冷设备来使饮料或含饮料的瓶保冷。在这种循环中，蒸气相的冷冻剂在一个压缩机中被压缩，使温度增加。然后热的高压冷冻剂循环流过一个称为冷凝器的热交换器，在那里由于热传导被冷却到周围环境。由于对环境的热传导，冷冻剂从气体冷凝为液体。在离开冷凝器后，冷冻剂流经一个节流装置，在那里压力和温度均降低。冷的冷冻剂离开节流装置并进入位于被冷冻空间中的称为蒸发器的第二个热交换器。在蒸发器中的热传导使得冷冻剂蒸发或者从饱和的液体和蒸气混合物变化成过热蒸气。然后离开蒸发器的蒸气被吸回到压缩机中，循环重复进行。
斯特林冷冻机已经知道了几十年。简短地说，斯特林循环冷冻机压缩和膨胀一种气体(通常是氦气)来产生冷冻。这种气体来回穿梭般地通过一个蓄热器层来产生比简单压缩和膨胀过程能提供的大得多的温度差。斯特林冷冻机采用一个置换器来迫使气体来回通过蓄热器层和一个活塞来压缩和膨胀气体。蓄热器层是一个具有大热惯性的多孔件。在操作期间，蓄热器层产生一个温度梯度。装置的一端变热，另一端变冷。David Bergeron，Heat Pump Technology Recommendationfor a Terrestrial Battery-Free Solar Refrigerator，September 1998。有关斯特林冷冻机的专利包括美国专利号5,687,409；5,647,217；5,638,684；5,596,875和4,922,722(均引入这里作为参考)。
斯特林冷冻机是合乎需要的，因为它们无污染，效率高和具有极少的活动零件。对常规冷柜已建议采用斯特林冷冻机。参见美国专利号5,438,848(引入这里作为参考)。日本的专利摘要JP 07 180291和美国专利申请号5,642,622说明了斯特林冷冻机在冷藏箱内的应用。然而，已经认识到，把自由活塞式斯特林冷冻机组合到常规冷藏柜中需要与常规压缩机系统不同的技术，D.M.Berchowitz et al，Test Resultsfor Stirling Cycle Cooller Domestic Refrigerators，Second InternationalConference。例如，如同对传统设备一样(参见CH-A-233266)，采用斯特林冷冻机的一个争论点是从箱中去除湿气的问题。至今，还没有采用斯特林冷冻机于售货机、GDM和自动售货机中。
所以，存在着使斯特林冷冻机技术适应于常规的售货机、GDM和自动售货机的需求。
发明内容
本发明提供了斯特林冷冻机技术对饮料行业的新应用而满足了上述需求。按照本发明的一种新颖设备包括一个隔热箱，箱具有一个外侧和一个内侧，并且至少部分地确定了一个从内侧到外侧的排放通道。一个斯特林冷冻机设在箱外。斯特林冷冻机具有一个热区和一个冷区。一个导热件设置在箱内，以热交换关系连接到斯特林冷冻机的冷区。导热件在操作上与排放通道联结，使得在导热件上的冷凝物可以通过排放通道流出箱外。
本发明的一个供替代的实施例包括一种方法来冷却设置在隔热箱内的导热件。导热件以热传导关系与斯特林冷冻机的冷区联结。隔热箱的底区至少部分地确定了一个排放通道。底区的形状使得落在底区上的流体导入排放通道。流经排放通道的流体被收集在隔热箱外的一个流体收集器中。使空气通过流体收集器来促使流体从收集器蒸发。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供用于饮料行业的改进的冷藏设备。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一个改进的玻璃门商品柜。
另一个目的是提供一个易于把斯特林冷冻机安装到玻璃门商品柜上的系统，使得它易于卸下来维护或修理。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一个系统，从被斯特林冷冻机冷却的玻璃门商品柜去除冷凝物。
依据本发明，一种采用斯特林冷冻机系统的设备，包括：一个隔热箱，上述箱具有一个外侧和一个内侧，上述箱至少部分地确定了一个从上述内侧到外侧的排放通道；一个具有一个热区和一个冷区的斯特林冷冻机；上述斯特林冷冻机还包括一个风扇，用于使空气流过上述斯特林冷冻机的热区，一个设在上述箱内的导热件，上述导热件以热交换关系与上述斯特林冷冻机的上述冷区连接，上述导热件与上述排放通道联结，使得在上述导热件上的冷凝物可以通过上述排放通道流出上述隔热箱；以及一个设在上述排放通道之下的流体容器，上述流体容器与上述风扇联结，使得上述风扇促进流体从上述流体容器蒸发。
依据本发明，一种使用如上述的设备的方法，包括：冷却设在隔热箱内的导热件，上述导热件以导热关系与斯特林冷冻机的冷区联结，上述隔热箱的底区至少部分地确定了一个排放通道，上述底区的形状使得落在上述底区上的流体被导到上述排放通道中；收集流经上述排放通道的流体到上述隔热箱之外的流体收集器中；以及使空气流过上述流体收集器来促进流体从收集器的蒸发。
附图说明
在考察了以下所发布的实施例和附图的详细描述以及权利要求之后，本发明的这些和其他特性和优点将会变得明显。
图1是用于本发明的自由活塞式斯特林冷冻机剖视图。
图2是图1所示斯特林冷冻机的端视图。
图3是一个示意的、部分断开的侧剖视图，表示了本发明玻璃门商品柜的一个发布实施例。
图4是沿图3所示玻璃门商品柜下区的线4-4所取的一个部分的详细剖视图。
图5是安装在图3所示玻璃门商品柜内的热交换组件的另一个发布实施例的详细顶视图，为了清楚起见，罩已被去除。
图6是，沿图5所示热交换组件的线6-6所取的一个详细剖视图，为了清楚起见，罩已被去除。
具体实施方式
本发明利用了斯特林冷冻机。斯特林冷冻机对于通晓该技术的人员来说已经熟知。用于本发明的斯特林冷冻机从俄亥俄州Athens的Sunpower公司可以买到。用于本发明的其他斯特林冷冻机表示在美国专利号5,678,409；5,647,217；5,638,684；5,596,875；5,438,848和4,922,722，均引入这里作为参考。一种特别有用的斯特林冷冻机类型是自由活塞式斯特林冷冻机。用于本发明的一种自由活塞式斯特林冷冻机可以从Global Cooling公司得到。
参照附图，其中相同编号表示所有视图中相同的零件，可以看出，一个自由活塞式斯特林冷冻机10(图1)包括一个直线型电机12、一个自由活塞14、一个置换器16、一个置换器杆18、一个置换器弹簧20、一个内壳22、一个蓄热器24、一个吸热区或冷区26和一个排热区或热区28。这些零部件的功能在现有技术中已经熟知，因此这里不再进一步说明。
斯特林冷冻机10还包括一个与内壳22隔开的柱形外壳30，并在其中确定了一个环形空间32。用许多从热区到外壳沿径向朝外延伸的导热叶片34把外壳30装到斯特林冷冻机10的热区28上。叶片34用如铝的导热材料制成。一个电扇36装到对着叶片34的外壳30另一端。电扇36设计成当它工作时空气将沿着箭头“A”所指方向流入斯特林冷冻机，通过叶片34之间的外壳30端，通过空间32并从外壳的另一端流出。
斯特林冷冻机10的冷区26的直径大于蓄热器24。容纳螺钉的四个螺孔38设在冷区中。螺孔38提供了把斯特林冷冻机10装到设备上的方法，如将在以下进一步讨论。
参照图3，表示了一个饮料瓶玻璃门商品柜或GDM 40。GDM的上区42包括一个隔热箱，箱分别具有隔热侧壁44，46、隔热顶壁和底壁48，50，以及隔热后壁52。GDM40还包括一个可打开的前门54，它通常包括一块窗框玻璃56，使得可以从外面看到GDM中的物品。壁44，46，48，50，52和门54确定了一个隔热室或隔热箱，其中许多饮料瓶58可以贮存在装于箱内的金属丝货架60，62上。
GDM40的下区60包括一个未隔热箱，箱分别具有侧壁66，68、底壁70和前后壁72，74。壁66，68，70，72，74确定了一个未隔热的室或箱，作为隔热箱的一个基底和作为斯特林冷冻机10以及有关零件和设备的一个机械箱。
在未隔热箱内设有斯特林冷冻机10。虽然采用单个斯特林冷冻机来说明本发明，但可以具体设想采用一个以上的斯特林冷冻机。
隔热箱的底壁50确定了一个孔76(图4)，斯特林冷冻机10的冷区26伸过它。设在孔76之上是一个由如铝的导热材料制成的矩形板78。斯特林冷冻机10的冷区26与导热板78接触，使得热量可以从板流到斯特林冷冻机的冷区。在板78和底壁50的连接处，即环绕板的周边，有一个如硅边缘圈80的防水密封剂(图3)。硅边缘圈80防止在板78之下得到如冷凝水蒸气的流体。板78用螺钉(图中未示)装到底壁50上。
许多矩形的导热叶片82装到板78上，并从板向上伸出。叶片82由如铝的导热材料制成。叶片82相互等距隔开和大致相互平行，使得空气可以自由地在相邻板之间流动(图4)。叶片82装到板78上使得热量可以从叶片流到板上。
底壁50设置成一个角度，由此底壁的前端稍低于底壁的后端，使得落在底壁上的如水的流体在重力影响下沿底壁向下流动。在其最低点，底壁50确定了一个排放通道84，它从隔热箱内伸到隔热箱外(即伸到未隔热箱内)。排放通道84容许如水的流体沿底壁50向下流经通道，由此从隔热箱去除了水。
装到排放通道84上的是一个从通道向下伸出的管子86。一个如盘88的流体容器设在排放通道84下的未隔热箱底70上。沿排放通道84向下流动的流体通过管子86导入收集流体的盘88。
一个风扇90装在靠近隔热箱后面的底壁50上。风扇90的方位使得它沿着箭头92所示的方向吹动空气。一个罩94装在风扇上，从风扇朝着叶片82向外伸出并且伸在叶片82上。罩94辅助引导被风扇90吹动的空气通过叶片82。
如前指出，斯特林冷冻机10设在隔热箱底壁50之下的未隔热箱中。靠近斯特林冷冻机10的底壁50部分确定了一个凹区96。凹区96为空气在底壁50和斯特林冷冻机10外壳30之间的流动提供了更多的空余地方，由此容许空气更自由地通过叶片34流入环形空间并从风扇36流出。
风扇36的方位使得它朝着盘88吹动空气，如箭头100所示。在斯特林冷冻机10的叶片34之间流动的空气被从斯特林冷冻机热区28传到叶片、因而传到叶片周围空气的热量加热。被加热空气被风扇36吹向盘88。因此由从风扇36吹动的热空气促进了盘88中流体的蒸发。窗栅102，104分别设在前后壁72，74中，从而容许空气自由流经未隔热箱。
斯特林冷冻机10用四个螺钉106装到GDM 40上，四个螺钉伸过与斯特林冷冻机10冷区26中四个螺孔38对准的板78中的孔。螺钉106能够拧入孔38，由此把斯特林冷冻机10装在GDM 40上。一个圆环形的柔软泡沫隔热件108压配在底壁50中的柱形孔76和蓄热器24的柱形轴之间的环形空间中。隔热件108防止或减少了从未隔热箱传到斯特林冷冻机10冷区26的热量。
现在考虑GDM 40的操作。打开门54和把饮料瓶58堆放在货架60，62上。货架60，62最好是倾斜的，使得如果从货架取走一个瓶时，重力可以移动下一个饮料瓶到靠近门的位置。当然，在本发明中也可以采用水平货架。
风扇36，90和斯特林冷冻机10均由适当的电路(图中未示)操纵。风扇90吹动空气通过叶片82并且大致沿着箭头92所示方向在隔热箱中循环空气。底壁50包括一个靠近门54的楔形导流区110，辅助引导从风扇90来的空气在门前向上。来自饮料瓶58及其饮料的热量传到在隔热箱中循环的空气上。当风扇90吹动在隔热箱中空气通过叶片82时，热量从空气传到叶片。然后叶片82中的热量传到板78，从而传到斯特林冷冻机10的冷区26。斯特林冷冻机10的工作把热量从冷区26传到热区28，然后在那里传到包含在斯特林冷冻机10外壳内的叶片34，从而传到叶片周围的空气中。
冷却通常由风扇90吹过叶片82的空气将在叶片冷表面上造成空气中水蒸气的冷凝物。当在叶片82上形成足够的冷凝物时，它将沿叶片向下流到板78上。由于板78成一个角度，冷凝物将离开板流到底壁50上。由于底壁50也成一个角度，冷凝物将朝着壁的最低点流去。由于排放通道84位于底壁50的最低点，冷凝物将通过排放通道流出隔热箱。可能在隔热箱内壁上、在饮料瓶58上、在金属丝货架60，62上或在罩94上形成的其他冷凝物将相似地流到底壁50上，从而通过排放通道84流出。
流经排放通道84的冷凝物也将流经管子86，把流体导入盘88。来自管子86的流体收集在盘88中。被斯特林冷冻机10热区28和叶片34加热并且流经内壳22和外壳30之间空间32的空气被风扇36吹向盘88中的流体，促进了盘中流体的蒸发。通过前后壁72，74中窗栅102，104循环的空气带着由盘88中水蒸发产生的湿润空气离开未隔热箱到GDM 40的周围环境中。
参考图5和6，可以看到，表示了装在GDM 40中热交换器的一种供替代的公布实施例。在图6中最易看出，热交换底板78包括许多装在底板上的叶片82。叶片82在螺钉110，112和四个螺钉106区域是不连续的。螺钉110，112伸过板78中孔114，116，把板装在GDM40的底壁50上。一个矩形垫圈118设在板78和GDM 40的底壁50之间。垫圈118由柔软的弹性材料，如低硬度聚氨酯制成。垫圈118也作为板78和GDM 40底壁50之间的密封件，从而不再需要硅边缘圈80。对每个螺钉110，112还设有柔软的弹性圆环形垫片120，122，并且配装在每个螺钉头底部和板78顶面之间。垫圈118和垫片120，122提供了板78和GDM 40底壁50之间的隔热，降低了从斯特林冷冻机10传到板78，从而传到底壁50上的振动量。这个振动量的降低明显地提供了斯特林冷冻机10更安静的工作条件。
当需要从GDM 40卸下斯特林冷冻机10来修理或维护时，卸除四个螺钉106。这容许斯特林冷冻机10滑出板78中的孔76，完全从GDM 40卸下。然后对斯特林冷冻机10进行修理，或者把冷区26滑回到孔76中并且再安装螺钉106来把一个置换的斯特林冷冻机再装入GDM 40中。然后可以在远处地点修理已卸下的斯特林冷冻机10。
当然应该理解到，以上仅涉及了本发明的某些公布实施例，可以进行无数的修改和变化而不偏离所附权利要求中设定的本发明精神和范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种采用斯特林冷冻机系统的设备(40)，包括:
一个隔热箱，上述箱具有一个外侧和一个内侧，上述箱至少部分地确定了一个从上述内侧到外侧的排放通道(84)；
一个具有一个热区(28)和一个冷区(26)的斯特林冷冻机(10)；
上述斯特林冷冻机(10)还包括一个风扇(36)，用于使空气流过上述斯特林冷冻机(10)的热区(28)，
一个设在上述箱内的导热件，上述导热件以热交换关系与上述斯特林冷冻机(10)的上述冷区(26)连接，上述导热件与上述排放通道(84)联结，使得在上述导热件上的冷凝物可以通过上述排放通道(84)流出上述隔热箱；以及
一个设在上述排放通道(84)之下的流体容器(88)，上述流体容器(88)与上述风扇(36)联结，使得上述风扇(36)促进流体从上述流体容器(88)蒸发。
2.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:还包括一个与上述排放通道(84)联结的管道(86)，用于把流体从上述排放通道(84)引导到上述流体容器(88)。
3.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:还包括一个风扇(90)，它设在上述隔热箱内并且使空气流过上述导热件。
4.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述导热件包括许多相互隔开的导热板(82)，并且相互为导热关系。
5.如权利要求4的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述导热板(82)装到设在上述隔热箱内的一个导热块(78)上，上述斯特林冷冻机(10)的冷区(26)连接到上述导热块(78)上。
6.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述隔热箱包括相对的隔热侧壁(44，46)、隔热顶壁和底壁(48，50)、隔热后壁(52)以及至少部分地确定了前壁的可打开的门(54)，上述底壁(50)至少部分地确定了上述排放通道(84)，上述底壁(50)的形状使得落在上述底壁(50)上的流体被导入上述排放通道(84)；
上述流体容器(88)收集从上述排放通道(84)流出的流体；
上述导热件设置成使得在上述导热件上的冷凝物落在上述底壁(50)上；以及
上述风扇、(36)朝着上述流体容器(88)。
7.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:还包括:
一个设在上述导热件和上述隔热箱之间的弹性件(118)，使得从上述斯特林冷冻机(10)到上述隔热箱的振动传递被降低。
8.如权利要求1的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述风扇(36)的方位基本上垂直于上述流体容器(88)，上述风扇向流体容器(88)吹进空气。
9.如权利要求6的设备(40)，其特征在于:还包括一个与上述导热件联结的风扇(90)，上述风扇(90)使空气流过上述导热件。
10.如权利要求6的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述风扇(36)的方位基本上垂直于上述流体容器(88)，上述风扇向流体容器(88)吹进空气。
11.如权利要求1或6的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述斯特林冷冻机(10)包括一个第二导热件(34)，上述第二导热件(34)以热交换关系与上述斯特林冷冻机(10)的上述热区(28)连接。
12.如权利要求11的设备(40)，其特征在于:上述风扇(36)用于使空气流过上述第二导热件(34)。
13.一种使用如权利要求1-12所述的设备的方法，包括:
冷却设在隔热箱内的导热件，上述导热件以导热关系与斯特林冷冻机(10)的冷区(26)联结，上述隔热箱的底区(50)至少部分地确定了一个排放通道(84)，上述底区(50)的形状使得落在上述底区(50)上的流体被导到上述排放通道(84)中；
收集流经上述排放通道(84)的流体到上述隔热箱之外的流体收集器(88)中；以及
使空气流过上述流体收集器(88)来促进流体从收集器的蒸发。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于:使空气流过一个设在隔热箱内的导热件。
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US20010011459A1 (en) 2001-08-09
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EP1218677A1 (en) 2002-07-03

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