CN100463989C

CN100463989C - High-strength, high-toughness, high-damping deformable magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN100463989C
Application number: CNB2006100103268A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑明毅; 乔晓光; 吴昆�
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
Priority date: 2006-07-26
Filing date: 2006-07-26
Publication date: 2009-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2026-07-26
Also published as: CN1888108A

Abstract

The process relates to excellent magnesium base material, and is coriaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy and its preparation process. For obtaining both high damping performance and high mechanical performance, the present invention adds Cu, Si and other alloy element with small solid solubility into Mg material to reduce dislocation pinning points and to raise damping performance, while adding Zr, Mn and other crystal grain fining alloy element to raise the mechanical performance. Through conventional extrusion on ingot and intense plastic deformation, the alloy has regulated grain orientation, superfine crystal structure and raised toughness and damping performance. The present invention has wide application value.

Description

Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of mg-based material and preparation method thereof with high damping and good mechanical property.

Background technology

In the practical metallic substance, magnesium and alloy density thereof are minimum, are described as the ultralight amount material of 21 century.After nineteen nineties, development along with the magnesium smelting technology, magnesium output increases sharply, price descends, and particularly fields such as automobile, electronics, communication, aerospace and national defense and military industry have been brought the research of new round magnesium and used climax the increase day by day of magnesium alloy demand.Except that density was low, magnesium also has the another one distinguishing feature: in all light metal materials, pure magnesium had the highest damping capacity.But the intensity of pure magnesium is too low.And practical structure magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy as series such as Mg-Al-Zn, Mg-Zn-Zr and Mg-RE-Zr, its strengthening mechanism is mainly solution strengthening, precipitation strength etc., the solute atoms of these solid solutions and precipitated phase cause damping capacity to reduce greatly as the strong pinning point of magnesium basal slip dislocation.Along with the development of magnesium alloy research and the expansion of Application Areas, solve the contradiction between damping capacity and the mechanical property, the mg-based material that exploitation has high damping and good mechanical property simultaneously is one major issue to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has solved the damping capacity of magnesium alloy and the contradiction of mechanical property by adding suitable alloying element, adopting specific melting technology, deformation technique and thermal treatment process to prepare Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy.

Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy of the present invention can have following three kinds of proportionings:

The Mg-Cu-Mn-Ce magnesium alloy: described magnesium alloy comprises magnesium, copper, manganese and cerium, the proportioning of each component (weight percent) is: copper 1～10%, manganese 0.3～8%, cerium 0.05～0.5%, Fe＜0.003%, Ni＜0.003%, other impurity＜0.06%, surplus are magnesium.

The present invention is prepared as follows Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy: a, melting: place the NaOH aqueous solution to soak greater than industrial high-purity magnesium of 99.96% purity, put into iron crucible after the oven dry and melt, protective atmosphere is 10vol% SF ₆+ 90vol% CO ₂, be warming up to 750～850 ℃, add alloying element according to said ratio, fully stir melt, pull dross on surface of fusant out after leaving standstill, be cooled to 640～680 ℃ and be cast in the swage tool; B, distortion: the magnesium alloy ingot of institute's melting is carried out conventional hot extrusion deformation, the control extrusion temperature is 320～400 ℃, and soaking time is 30 minutes, and extrusion speed is 50～120mm/min, extrusion ratio is 9～16: 1, and the magnesium alloy after the conventional crimp is carried out intense plastic strain; C, thermal treatment: the magnesium alloy after the distortion is heat-treated, and the control thermal treatment temp is 150～350 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5～10 hour.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) composition advantage: selected the minimum alloying element of solid solubility in magnesium such as copper and silicon for use, according to the dislocation damping theory, the solid solution atomic percent in the magnesium alloy is little, and then the weak pinning point quantity of mobile dislocation is few, the damping capacity height of alloy; Select the alloying element of crystal grain thinnings such as zirconium and manganese for use, improved the mechanical property of magnesium alloy.

(2) process advantage: except that conventional hot extrusion, intense plastic strain technology-equal channel angle extrusion technique (ECAP) and multiway forging (MDF) have also been adopted, the distinguishing feature of intense plastic strain is: under the prerequisite of the sectional area that does not change material, can carry out repeated deformation to material, the accumulation strain amount can surpass 10, and the refinement material structure is adjusted grain orientation, obtain the superfine crystal particle material of bulk, significantly increase the intensity and the plasticity of material.

(3) equipment advantage: equipment of the present invention, comprise that alloy melting stove, heat extruder, equal channel angle extruding with pressing machine and heat treatment furnace, are conventional general-purpose equipment, portable strong, with low cost.

The accessible index of performance of the Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy of the bright preparation of we is: tensile strength 320～380Mpa, yield strength 230～260Mpa, unit elongation〉10%, Q ^-10.01.

Embodiment

Embodiment one: the Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy of present embodiment is the Mg-Zr-Cu-Mn alloy, the weight percent of each component is: zirconium 0.2～1.0%, copper 0.05～0.5%, manganese 0.05～1.5%, Fe＜0.003%, Ni＜0.003%, other impurity＜0.06%, surplus are magnesium.

Embodiment two: the Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy of present embodiment is the Mg-Cu-Mn-Ce alloy, the weight percent of each component is: copper 1～10%, manganese 0.3～8%, cerium 0.05～0.5%, Fe＜0.003%, Ni＜0.003%, other impurity＜0.06%, surplus are magnesium.

Embodiment three: the Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy of present embodiment is the Mg-Si-Cu alloy, the weight percent of each component is: silicon 0.5～5%, copper: 0.2～3%, and Fe＜0.003%, Ni＜0.003%, other impurity＜0.06%, surplus are magnesium.

Embodiment four: present embodiment is prepared as follows the Mg-Zr-Cu-Mn magnesium alloy:

(1) purity being placed concentration greater than industrial high-purity magnesium of 99.96% is after 0.5% the NaOH aqueous solution soaks 0.5 hour, to dry in 150 ℃ of loft drier; The pure magnesium of exsiccant is put into iron crucible melt, protective atmosphere is 10vol% SF ₆+ 90% CO ₂, be warming up to 750～850 ℃, add alloying element according to weight percent zirconium 0.2～1.0%, copper 0.05～0.5%, manganese 0.05～1.5%.Wherein zirconium and manganese add with the form of Mg-25Zr, Mg-20Mn master alloy respectively; Copper adds with the form of technical pure simple substance.After adding alloying element, fully stir melt, left standstill 20 minutes, pull dross on surface of fusant out, be cooled to 640～680 ℃ and be cast in the swage tool.

(2) magnesium alloy ingot with institute's melting carries out conventional hot extrusion, and hot extrusion is carried out on water pressure engine, and extrusion temperature is 320～400 ℃, soaking time 30 minutes, and extrusion speed is 50～120mm/min, extrusion ratio is 9～16: 1.Magnesium alloy after the conventional crimp is carried out equal channel angle crimp (EqualChannel Angular Pressing, ECAP), two interchannel angles of equal channel angle extrusion mould are 90 °, texturing temperature is 150～350 ℃, Deformation velocity is 20～60mm/min, rolling pass is 1～8 time, every time magnesium alloy along axis to same direction half-twist.

(3) magnesium alloy after extruding and the equal channel angle crimp is heat-treated, thermal treatment temp is 150～350 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5～10 hour.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

Embodiment five: present embodiment and embodiment four differences are, after magnesium alloy ingot carried out hot extrusion, carry out multiway forging (Multi-Directional Forging, MDF), the multiway forging temperature is 150～350 ℃, and strain rate is 1 * 10 ^-3～3 * 10 ^-2S ^-1Three (Z) deformation sequence is X → Y → Z for X, Y, and X, Y and Z three between centers angles are 90 ° and satisfy the right-hand rule; It is 0.3～1.0 that each direction is forged dependent variable, and the accumulation strain amount is 7～10.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

Embodiment six: present embodiment and embodiment four differences are, pure magnesium fusion and be warming up to 750～850 ℃ after, add alloying element according to weight percent copper 1～10%, manganese 0.3～8%, cerium 0.05～0.5%.Wherein manganese and cerium add with the form of Mg-20Mn, Mg-30Ce master alloy respectively; Copper adds with the form of technical pure simple substance.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

Embodiment seven: present embodiment and embodiment six differences are, after magnesium alloy ingot carried out hot extrusion, carry out multiway forging (Multi-Directional Forging, MDF), the multiway forging temperature is 150～350 ℃, and strain rate is 1 * 10 ^-3～3 * 10 ^-2S ^-1Three (Z) deformation sequence is X → Y → Z for X, Y, and X, Y and Z three between centers angles are 90 ° and satisfy the right-hand rule; It is 0.3～1.0 that each direction is forged dependent variable, and the accumulation strain amount is 7～10.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

Embodiment eight: present embodiment and embodiment four differences are, pure magnesium fusion and be warming up to 750～850 ℃ after, according to proportioning (weight percent) silicon 0.5～5%, copper: 0.2～3% adds alloying element.Silicon and copper add with the form of technical pure simple substance.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

Embodiment nine: present embodiment and embodiment eight differences are, after magnesium alloy ingot carried out hot extrusion, carry out multiway forging (Multi-Directional Forging, MDF), the multiway forging temperature is 150～350 ℃, and strain rate is 1 * 10 ^-3～3 * 10 ^-2S ^-1Three (Z) deformation sequence is X → Y → Z for X, Y, and X, Y and Z three between centers angles are 90 ° and satisfy the right-hand rule; It is 0.3～1.0 that each direction is forged dependent variable, and the accumulation strain amount is 7～10.The mechanical property and the damping capacity of magnesium alloy see Table 1.

The mechanical property of table 1 Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy and damping capacity

Claims

1. High strength toughness high damping deformation magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that described magnesium alloy is Mg-Cu-Mn-Ce alloy, the weight percent of each component is: copper 1～10%, manganese 0.3～8%, cerium 0.05～ 0.5%, Fe<0.003%, Ni<0.003%, other impurities<0.06%, and the balance is magnesium.

2. The preparation method of high-strength, toughness and high-damping deformable magnesium alloy is characterized in that said method is: a, smelting: the industrial high-purity magnesium with a purity greater than 99.96% is placed in NaOH aqueous solution and soaked, put into an iron crucible after drying and melt, The protective atmosphere is 10vol% SF ₆ +90vol% CO ₂ , heat up to 750-850°C, add alloy elements according to the ratio of claim 1, fully stir the melt, remove the scum on the surface of the melt after standing still, and cool down to 640-850°C. Casting into an iron mold at 680°C; b. Deformation: Carry out conventional hot extrusion of the smelted magnesium alloy ingot, control the extrusion temperature at 320-400°C, hold the heat for 30 minutes, and extrude at a speed of 50-120mm/ min, the extrusion ratio is 9-16:1, and the magnesium alloy after conventional extrusion deformation is subjected to strong plastic deformation; c, heat treatment: heat treatment is performed on the deformed magnesium alloy, and the heat treatment temperature is controlled to be 150-350°C, and the holding time 0.5 to 10 hours.

3. The method for preparing a deformed magnesium alloy with high strength, toughness and high damping according to claim 2, characterized in that said plastic deformation is equal channel angular extrusion or multidirectional forging.

4. The preparation method of high-strength toughness and high damping deformable magnesium alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the specific process parameters of the equal channel angular extrusion are: the angle between the two channels of the equal channel angular extrusion die is 90° °, the deformation temperature is 150-350°C, the deformation speed is 20-60mm/min, the deformation pass is 1-8 times, and the magnesium alloy is rotated 90° along the axis in the same direction between each pass.

5. The preparation method of high-strength, toughness and high-damping deformable magnesium alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the specific process parameters of the multi-directional forging are: the multi-directional forging temperature is 150-350°C, and the strain rate is 1×10 ^-3 ～3×10 ^-2 S ^-1 , the three-axis deformation sequence is X→Y→Z, the angle between X, Y and Z is 90° and meets the right-hand rule; the forging strain in each direction is 0.3 ~1.0, the cumulative strain is 7~10.