CN100462649C - air conditioner - Google Patents
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- CN100462649C CN100462649C CNB2005100704528A CN200510070452A CN100462649C CN 100462649 C CN100462649 C CN 100462649C CN B2005100704528 A CNB2005100704528 A CN B2005100704528A CN 200510070452 A CN200510070452 A CN 200510070452A CN 100462649 C CN100462649 C CN 100462649C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/004—Outdoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/021—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit
- F25B2313/0213—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit the auxiliary heat exchanger being only used during heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0252—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units with bypasses
- F25B2313/02521—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units with bypasses during cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
- F25B2313/02543—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements during heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
一种空气调节装置,不使用衬蜡三通阀而能够控制冷却水温度。在冷媒回路中设置辅助蒸发器(15),并且,在冷却水回路中设置有,流经发动机(31)的冷却水经由散热器(20)回流入冷却水泵(39)的主冷却路径、流经发动机(31)的冷却水经由辅助蒸发器(15)回流入冷却水泵(39)的副冷却路径和把冷却水分配给上述主冷却路径和上述副冷却路径的电动三通阀(37)。当冷却水温度低于目标温度时,基于冷却水温度和目标温度的温度差,把冷却水分配给主冷却路径和副冷却路径双方,或者把冷却水全部分配给给副冷却路径,与此同时,降低冷却水泵(39)的转速。
An air conditioning device capable of controlling the temperature of cooling water without using a wax-lined three-way valve. An auxiliary evaporator (15) is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and the cooling water circuit is provided with a main cooling path, a flow channel for the cooling water flowing through the engine (31) to flow back into the cooling water pump (39) via the radiator (20). The cooling water from the engine (31) flows back through the auxiliary evaporator (15) into the secondary cooling path of the cooling water pump (39) and the electric three-way valve (37) that distributes the cooling water to the main cooling path and the secondary cooling path. When the cooling water temperature is lower than the target temperature, based on the temperature difference between the cooling water temperature and the target temperature, the cooling water is allocated to both the main cooling path and the secondary cooling path, or all the cooling water is allocated to the secondary cooling path, and at the same time , reduce the rotating speed of the cooling water pump (39).
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及由燃气发动机驱动压缩机的燃气热泵式的空气调节装置;特别地,涉及用于保持冷却燃气发动机的冷却水温度的技术。The present invention relates to a gas heat pump type air conditioner in which a compressor is driven by a gas engine; in particular, it relates to a technique for maintaining the temperature of cooling water for cooling the gas engine.
背景技术 Background technique
现在,众所周知具有连接由内燃机即燃气发动机驱动的压缩机、四通阀、室外热交换器和室热交换器的冷媒回路,以及具有由冷却水泵向上述发动机送入冷却水而冷却燃气发动机的冷却水回路的燃气热泵式空气调节装置。(例如,参照专利文献1)。Now, it is well known that there is a refrigerant circuit that connects a compressor driven by an internal combustion engine, that is, a gas engine, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a room heat exchanger, and a cooling water circuit that sends cooling water to the above-mentioned engine by a cooling water pump to cool the gas engine. Loop gas heat pump air conditioning unit. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
另外,还知道,在上述空气调节装置中,为了要控制冷却水温度,而在发动机的出口侧设置衬蜡三通阀(自动调温阀),用于当冷却水温度为规定温度以下时,应该使冷却水温度上升,短路冷却水的发动机出口侧和冷却水泵的吸入侧,不使冷却水流经室外热交换器。In addition, it is also known that in the above-mentioned air-conditioning device, in order to control the cooling water temperature, a wax-lined three-way valve (automatic temperature control valve) is provided on the outlet side of the engine, and is used to The temperature of the cooling water should be raised, the engine outlet side of the cooling water and the suction side of the cooling water pump should be short-circuited, and the cooling water should not flow through the outdoor heat exchanger.
[专利文献1][Patent Document 1]
特开2003-232582号公报。Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-232582.
但是,在现有的技术中,存在因为用衬蜡三通阀进行冷却水温度控制,成本提高的问题;另外,还有在用衬蜡三通阀控制冷却水温度中,存在不能充分地控制冷却水温度的问题。However, in the prior art, there is a problem that the cost is increased because the wax-lined three-way valve is used to control the temperature of the cooling water; Cooling water temperature problem.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明以上述问题为鉴,目的是提供不使用衬蜡三通阀而能够控制冷却水温度的空气调节装置。In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an air conditioner capable of controlling the temperature of cooling water without using a wax-lined three-way valve.
为了达到上述目的,本发明是一种空气调节装置,其具有:连接由发动机驱动的压缩机、四通阀、室外热交换器和室内热交换器的冷媒回路,由冷却水泵向发动机送入冷却水而冷却上述发动机的冷却水回路。在该空调装置中,在上述冷媒回路中,设置有冷却上述发动机的冷却水循环的辅助蒸发器;并且,在上述冷却水回路中设置有,流经上述发动机的冷却水经由上述室外热交换器回流入上述冷却水泵的主冷却路径、流经上述发动机的冷却水经由上述辅助蒸发器回流入上述冷却水泵的副冷却路径、把上述冷却水分配给上述主冷却路径和上述副冷却路径的电动三通阀,当上述冷却水温度低于目标温度时,基于上述冷却水的温度和目标温度的温度差,控制上述电动三通阀,由此,把上述冷却水在上述主冷却路径和上述副冷却路径的双方进行分配,或者,把上述冷却水的全部分配给上述副冷却路径,并且,降低上述冷却水泵的转速。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an air conditioner, which has: a refrigerant circuit connected with a compressor driven by an engine, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an indoor heat exchanger, and is sent to the engine by a cooling water pump for cooling. water to cool the cooling water circuit of the above-mentioned engine. In this air conditioner, in the above-mentioned refrigerant circuit, an auxiliary evaporator for cooling the cooling water circulation of the above-mentioned engine is provided; Flow into the main cooling path of the cooling water pump, the cooling water flowing through the engine flows back into the auxiliary cooling path of the cooling water pump through the auxiliary evaporator, and the electric tee that distributes the cooling water to the main cooling path and the auxiliary cooling path Valve, when the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the target temperature, based on the temperature difference between the temperature of the cooling water and the target temperature, the electric three-way valve is controlled, so that the cooling water is distributed between the main cooling path and the secondary cooling path or distribute all of the cooling water to the sub-cooling path, and reduce the rotation speed of the cooling water pump.
另外,本发明,在上述发明中,当上述冷却水温度高于目标温度时,基于冷却水温度和目标温度的温度差,提高上述冷却水泵的转速。In addition, in the present invention, in the above invention, when the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the target temperature, the rotation speed of the cooling water pump is increased based on the temperature difference between the cooling water temperature and the target temperature.
另外,本发明,在上述发明之一项中,在上述副冷却路径中设置旁通路径,其用于分流在该副冷却路径中流动的冷却水并且旁通上述辅助蒸发器。In addition, according to the present invention, in one of the above-mentioned inventions, a bypass path for bypassing the auxiliary evaporator while dividing the cooling water flowing in the sub-cooling path is provided in the sub-cooling path.
另外,本发明,在上述发明之一项中,上述冷媒回路具有改变经由上述室外热交换器、流入上述辅助蒸发器的冷媒的流量的膨胀阀,当上述冷却水温度低于目标温度时,减小上述膨胀阀的开度,使流入上述辅助蒸发器的冷媒的流量减小。In addition, in the present invention, in one of the above-mentioned inventions, the refrigerant circuit has an expansion valve for changing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the auxiliary evaporator via the outdoor heat exchanger, and when the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the target temperature, the refrigerant circuit is reduced. By reducing the opening degree of the expansion valve, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the auxiliary evaporator is reduced.
根据本发明,不使用衬蜡三通阀,能够控制冷却水的温度。According to the present invention, the temperature of cooling water can be controlled without using a wax-lined three-way valve.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是表示涉及本发明的实施方式的空气调节装置的结构的示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是用于说明保持冷却水温控制的图表;Fig. 2 is a graph for explaining maintaining cooling water temperature control;
图3是用于说明保持冷却水温控制的图表。Fig. 3 is a graph for explaining the control to maintain the cooling water temperature.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下,参照附图,详细说明本发明的一实施方式。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
图1是燃气热泵式空调机100的结构示意图。在该图中,用粗点划线表示冷媒回路,用粗实线表示冷却水回路。空调机100有室内单元1和室外单元3;在室内单元1设置附设了分流器5的室内热交换器7和风扇9等。另外,在室外单元3侧,作为冷媒回路的主要部件,设置压缩机11、电磁式四通阀13、辅助蒸发器15(副蒸发器)、附设了分流器17的室外热交换器19、风扇21、膨胀阀72等;作为冷却水回路的主要部件,设置发动机31、排气热交换器33、电动三通阀37、电动式AC泵即冷却水泵39、散热器(空气热交换器)20等。图中,43是连接在排气热交换器33的排气管,45是用于控制冷却水泵39的转速的变频器,47是驱动风扇21的风扇电机,49是连接发动机31和压缩机11的柔性联轴节。上述膨胀阀72调节从室内热交换器7向室外热交换器19回流的冷媒的流量,另外,散热器20进行冷却水散热。为了抑制对室外热交换器19的热影响,相对室外热交换器19,把该散热器20配置在风扇21的下风。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas heat
在室外单元3的内部设置控制单元61,其驱动控制四通阀13、电动三通阀37、变频器45、风扇电机47等。控制单元61首先由CPU构成,并且由输入输出接口和ROM、RAM、记时器等构成,在该输入接口上连接着,设置在发动机31的出口侧的冷却水配管87上的水温检测器63、安装在室外热交换器19上的热交换温度检测器65、设置在排气管43上的排气温度检测器67、安装在外壁面上的外部气温检测器69等。另外,控制单元61与室内单元1侧的没图示的控制单元连接,相互进行信号接收、发送。A
以下,说明冷媒的流动。在供暖运转时,液体冷媒从冷媒管71流入室外单元3侧,经由膨胀阀72、分流器17、室外热交换器19、冷媒配管75、四通阀13、冷媒配管77,流入辅助蒸发器15,在通过两热交换器19、15之间被加热。另外,在辅助蒸发器15,采用冷却水通过冷媒配管周围的双套管式;在室外热交换器19,采用通过板式散热片连接冷媒配管和冷却水配管的板式散热片式结构(参照图1的室外热交换器19和散热器20)。在两热交换器19、15被加热的气体冷媒,经由冷媒配管78流入压缩机11,通过在此压缩被进一步加热。从压缩机11排出的高温气体冷媒,经由冷媒配管79、四通阀13、冷媒配管81,流入室内单元1侧的室内热交换器7,向由风扇9排入室的空气放出热量,进行供暖之后变成液体冷媒,从冷媒配管71再流入室外单元3侧。Next, the flow of the refrigerant will be described. During heating operation, the liquid refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pipe 71 to the side of the
这样,在室外单元3的内部,设置用于在供暖运转时利用发动机31的冷却水的热量的辅助蒸发器15以及用于在供暖运转时利用发动机31的排气的热量的排气热交换器33,因此,在供暖运转时,即使外部气温低时也能够进行充分的供暖。In this way, inside the
另外,在致冷运转时,切换四通阀6。即,从压缩机11排出的高温的气体冷媒经由冷媒配管79、四通阀13、冷媒配管75,流入室外热交换器19,在此,被温度低的外部空气冷却、液化。该液化的冷媒经由冷媒配管71,流入室内单元1侧的室内热交换器7,从室内空气吸收热量而蒸发,经由冷媒配管81再流入室外单元3侧,经由四通阀13、冷媒配管77、辅助蒸发器15、冷媒配管78,再流入压缩机78。这里,在致冷运转时,除暖机运转时和冷却水温低时之外,停止向辅助蒸发器15进行冷却水循环,在该辅助蒸发器15不进行冷媒加热。In addition, during cooling operation, the four-way valve 6 is switched. That is, the high-temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 19 through the
以下,更详细地说明冷却水回路的结构。Hereinafter, the configuration of the cooling water circuit will be described in more detail.
如图1所示地,冷却水回路除具有,从冷却水泵39排出的冷却水依次经由排气热交换器33、发动机31、电动三通阀37、散热器20,回流入冷却水泵39的主冷却路径之外,还具有,从发动机31排出的冷却水经由电动三通阀37、辅助蒸发器15,回流入冷却水泵39的副冷却水路径。As shown in Figure 1, the cooling water circuit has the following functions: the cooling water discharged from the
现在说明供暖运转时的冷却水的流动,从冷却水泵39排出的冷却水经由冷却水管85、流入排气热交换器33,由排气加热之后流入发动机31。对发动机31进行冷却,变成高温的冷却水,该高温冷却水经由冷却水管87、电动三通阀37、冷却水管89,流入散热器20,放出热能。而且,在散热器20放出热能的冷却水经由冷却水管91再回流入冷却水泵39。Now, the flow of cooling water during the heating operation will be described. The cooling water discharged from the
这里,在供暖运转时,高温冷却水不仅经由散热器20,而且,如后述地还经由辅助蒸发器15,辅助地加热冷媒。另外,在致冷运转时,高温的冷却水只经由散热器20,在此,放出热能。Here, during the heating operation, the high-temperature cooling water not only passes through the radiator 20 but also passes through the auxiliary evaporator 15 as will be described later to auxiliary heat the refrigerant. In addition, during the cooling operation, high-temperature cooling water passes only through the radiator 20, where heat energy is released.
另外,在室外热交换器19上成一体地组装散热器20的结构,也可以把这个热交换器看成兼作冷媒的凝结器和冷却水的散热器的单一的室外热交换器的结构。In addition, the structure in which the radiator 20 is integrally assembled on the outdoor heat exchanger 19 can also be regarded as a single outdoor heat exchanger that also serves as a condenser for refrigerant and a radiator for cooling water.
另一方面,在副冷却路径,从冷却水泵39排出的冷却水,经由冷却水管85流入排气热交换器33,在由排气加热之后流入发动机31。对发动机31进行冷却并变成高温的冷却水,该高温冷却水在供暖运转时,经由冷却水管87、电动三通阀37、冷却水管95,流入辅助蒸发器15,通过对冷媒加热放出热能。而且,在辅助蒸发器15放出热能的冷却水,经由冷却水管97、91、在冷却水管91合流,经由该冷却水管91,回流入冷却水泵39。On the other hand, in the sub cooling path, the cooling water discharged from the cooling
然而,一般,在燃气热泵式空气调节装置中,当在长时间停止后起动时,因为冷却水温低,所以在辅助蒸发器几乎不进行与冷媒的热交换,因此,存在供暖运转费时间这样的问题。特别在严冬期间等,供暖运转时的起步时间长。However, in general, in a gas heat pump type air conditioner, when it is started after a long-term stop, since the cooling water temperature is low, heat exchange with the refrigerant hardly occurs in the auxiliary evaporator, so there is a problem that the heating operation takes time. question. Especially during the severe winter period, the start-up time of the heating operation is long.
因此,在本实施方式中,当冷却水温度低时,使冷却水只在上述副冷却路径循环,因此,使冷却水温度迅速上升。Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the cooling water is low, the cooling water is circulated only in the sub-cooling passage, so that the temperature of the cooling water is raised rapidly.
更具体地是,当在长时间停止后开始起动发动机31时,在发动机31出口冷却水温低于目标温度(在本实施方式是70℃)时,控制单元61关闭电动三通阀37的散热器20侧而打开辅助蒸发器15侧,使冷却水的全部在副冷却水路径循环。即,辅助蒸发器15比设置在主冷却路径的散热器20散热量小,因此,冷却水在副冷却路径循环时,水温下降受抑制,比在主冷却路径循环时温度下降小,形成冷却水温度上升。More specifically, when starting the
在此,使用比散热器20散热量小的辅助蒸发器15,既能够减少冷却水在副冷却路径循环时的散热量,又能促进冷却水温升得更高。但是,在辅助蒸发器15使用散热量过小的蒸发器时,由于室外热交换器19的种类不同,有可能增大冷媒的压损耗,造成冷媒回路能力下降。Here, using the auxiliary evaporator 15 with a smaller heat dissipation amount than the radiator 20 can not only reduce the heat dissipation amount when the cooling water circulates in the auxiliary cooling path, but also promote a higher temperature rise of the cooling water. However, when the auxiliary evaporator 15 uses an evaporator with too little heat dissipation, depending on the type of the outdoor heat exchanger 19, the pressure loss of the refrigerant may increase, resulting in a decrease in the capacity of the refrigerant circuit.
因此,在本实施方式,形成,如图1所示地在上述副冷却路径设置旁通管99的结构,用于在辅助蒸发器15的跟前分流冷却水,使一部分冷却水流过该辅助蒸发器15的旁路(迂回),因此,不使冷媒的压损耗增大,更低地抑制副冷却路径中的冷却水的散热量,能够使冷却水温度迅速地上升。另外,在这样地设置旁通管99的结构中,通过适当地改变该旁通管99的口径,改变冷却水流入辅助蒸发器15和旁通管99的各个量的比例,能够简单地调节副冷却路径中的散热量。Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , a
这样地,当冷却水温低于目标温度时,要使冷却水全部在比主冷却路径散热量小的副冷却路径循环地控制电动三通阀37,因此,能够使冷却水温上升,迅速地达到目标温度。In this way, when the cooling water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the electric three-
进而,在本实施方式,当冷却水温低于目标温度时,除上述冷却路径的切换控制之外,还要以低于通常运转时的泵转速的最低速转速驱动冷却水泵39,减少冷却水回路中的冷却水流量,由此,延长冷却水在发动机31的滞留时间,促使冷却水温度上升。这样,就能够使冷却水温度更快地达到目标温度。Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the cooling water temperature is lower than the target temperature, in addition to the above-mentioned switching control of the cooling path, the cooling
而且,在冷却水温达到目标温度后,控制单元61逐渐打开电动三通阀37的散热器20侧,由此,温度较高的冷却水就会流入散热器20。这样,在本实施方式,从开始起动后,能够迅速地使冷却水温度上升到目标温度,因此,能够迅速地完成暖机运转。另外,即使在气温很低的严冬期间,在暖机运转的冷却水升温中也能够用辅助蒸发器进行废热回收,因此,能够提高供暖运转的起动特性。Moreover, after the cooling water temperature reaches the target temperature, the
另外,在本实施方式,在冷却水温达到目标温度后即暖机完成后,为了防止发动机31的排气中所含水份在排气路径中和发动机31的盖部(从发动机31排放废气的部位)凝结,和发动机油混合产生沉淀,也要基于大气温度和冷却水温度控制冷却水泵39的转速,由此,调节冷却水流量,保持冷却水温在目标温度。In addition, in this embodiment, after the cooling water temperature reaches the target temperature, that is, after the warm-up is completed, in order to prevent the moisture contained in the exhaust gas of the
具体是,如图2所示地,在本实施方式中,设定5个规定冷却水温度范围的判定温度A~E,根据现在的冷却水温判定温度为A~E中的哪一个,控制冷却水泵39的转速。关于判定温度A~E,详细说明如下:以现在的冷却水温是目标温度程度,即不需要冷却水温的温度控制时判定温度为C,以现在的冷却水温比目标温度低于规定温度时判定温度为B,在更低于规定温度时判定温度为A,并且以现在的冷却水温比目标,温度只高规定温度时判定温度为D,在高出规定温度时判定温度为E。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, five judgment temperatures A to E that specify the cooling water temperature range are set, and the cooling water temperature is judged to be one of A to E according to the current cooling water temperature, and the cooling is controlled. The rotating speed of
另外,在致冷运转时和供暖运转时,是否把冷却水用于冷媒加热等的冷却水所要求的水温条件不同,因此,对于判定温度A~E,在致冷运转时和供暖运转时设定不同的温度范围。进而,即使在供暖运转时,也根据外界气温设定不同的温度范围。具体是,在致冷运转时或者在供暖运转时气温高于5℃的场合,以冷却水温是目标温度时判定温度为C,以冷却水温比目标温度低2℃时判定温度为B、低10℃时判定温度为A,并且,以冷却水温比目标温度高10℃时判定温度为D、高20℃时判定温度为E。另外,在供暖运转时气温低于5℃的场合,以冷却水温比目标温度低2℃判定温度为C,以冷却水温比目标温度低5℃时判定温度为B、低10℃时判定温度为A,并且,以冷却水温是目标温度时判定温度为D、高10℃时判定温度为E。In addition, during cooling operation and during heating operation, the water temperature conditions required for cooling water such as whether to use cooling water for refrigerant heating are different. Therefore, for the determination temperatures A to E, set different temperature ranges. Furthermore, even during the heating operation, different temperature ranges are set according to the outside air temperature. Specifically, when the air temperature is higher than 5°C during the cooling operation or during the heating operation, the temperature is judged as C when the cooling water temperature is the target temperature, and B is judged as the temperature when the cooling water temperature is 2°C lower than the target temperature, which is 10°C lower than the target temperature. °C, the judgment temperature is A, and when the cooling water temperature is 10 °C higher than the target temperature, the judgment temperature is D, and when the cooling water temperature is 20 °C higher, the judgment temperature is E. In addition, when the air temperature is lower than 5°C during heating operation, the temperature is judged to be C when the cooling water temperature is 2°C lower than the target temperature, B is judged to be when the cooling water temperature is 5°C lower than the target temperature, and B is judged to be when the cooling water temperature is 10°C lower than the target temperature. A, and when the cooling water temperature is the target temperature, the judgment temperature is D, and when it is 10°C higher, the judgment temperature is E.
如上所述地,当冷却水温是判定温度为B、A时,表示冷却水温比目标温度低,因此,要谋求使该冷却水温上升,逐渐降低冷却水泵39的转速。例如,当现在的冷却水温判定温度为B~C之间时,每经过200秒使冷却水泵39的转速减少100rpm,直到冷却水温在判定温度C以上为止。另外,当冷却水温判定温度为A~B之间时,使冷却水泵39的转速再减少100rpm,另外,当冷却水温度是判定温度A以下时,使冷却水泵39的转速再减少200rpm。结果,冷却水温度越低于目标温度越使冷却水泵39转速减少,而会更快地实现冷却水温上升,因此,能够使冷却水温迅速达到目标温度。As described above, when the cooling water temperature is determined to be B or A, it means that the cooling water temperature is lower than the target temperature. Therefore, the rotation speed of the cooling
另一方面,当冷却水温是判定温度D、E时,表示冷却水温比目标温度高,因此,为了抑制该冷却水温度上升,逐渐提高冷却水泵39的转速。例如,当现在的冷却水温判定温度为D~E之间时,每经过200秒就使冷却水泵39的转速增加100rpm,直到冷却水温为判定温度E以下为止。另外,当冷却水温是判定温度E以上时,使冷却水泵39的转速再增加100rpm。结果,冷却水温度越高于目标温度,就越使冷却水泵39的转速增加,而抑制冷却水温上升,因此,能够使冷却水温迅速地下降为目标温度。On the other hand, when the cooling water temperature is at the determination temperature D, E, it means that the cooling water temperature is higher than the target temperature, so the rotation speed of the cooling
另外,图2所示的判定温度A~E的设定和图3所示的冷却水泵39的增加量(减少量)是例示,可以根据空气调节装置100的性能和冷却水泵39的种类等适当地变更。另外,在致冷运转时,使冷却水只在主冷却路径的散热器20循环,不在副冷却路径循环,优先进行冷却水泵39的转速控制,由此,实行保持冷却水温的控制;只有当通过冷却水泵39的转速控制冷却水温也不上升时,才把冷却水向副冷却路径分流,谋求升高冷却水温。In addition, the setting of the determination temperatures A to E shown in FIG. 2 and the increase (decrease) of the cooling
如上所述,根据本实施方式,形成如下的结构:在冷媒回路中,设置发动机31的冷却水循环的辅助蒸发器15;并且,在冷却水回路中,设置,流经发动机31的冷却水经由散热器20回流入冷却水泵39的主冷却路径、和流经发动机31的冷却水经由辅助蒸发器15回流入冷却水泵39的副冷却路径,和把冷却水分配给主冷却路径和副冷却路径的电动三通阀37;当冷却水温度低于目标温度时,基于冷却水温度和目标温度的温度差,控制电动三通阀37。由此,把冷却水在主冷却路径和副冷却路径的双方进行分配,或者把冷却水全部分配给副冷却路径,与此同时,降低冷却水泵39的转速。因此,取得如下的效果。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following structure is formed: in the refrigerant circuit, the auxiliary evaporator 15 for circulating the cooling water of the
即,也在比主冷却路径散热量小的副冷却路径分配冷却水,进而,由降低冷却水泵39的转速减少冷却水流量,由此,抑制在散热器20的散热量,并且,延长在发动机31的滞留时间,而增加从该发动机31的热回收量,因此,实现冷却水的散热量的减少和加热量的增加,结果,就使冷却水温迅速上升。That is, the cooling water is also distributed to the sub-cooling path which has a smaller heat dissipation amount than the main cooling path, and further, the cooling water flow rate is reduced by reducing the rotation speed of the cooling
特别地,在暖机运转时,把冷却水全部分配给副冷却路径,而使冷却水的散热为最小量,由此,能够使冷却水温迅速达到规定的目标温度,因此,能够缩短完成暖机运转的时间。In particular, during the warm-up operation, all the cooling water is distributed to the sub-cooling path, and the heat dissipation of the cooling water is minimized, so that the temperature of the cooling water can quickly reach the specified target temperature, so that the completion of the warm-up can be shortened. run time.
另外,在暖机运转完成后,即使发动机31的转速下降等而冷却水温度下降时,由于降低冷却水泵39的转速,也能够促使冷却水温上升。此时,在供暖运转时,基于冷却水温和目标温度的温度差,在主冷却路径和副冷却路径双方分配冷却水,或者把冷却水全部分配给副冷却路径,这样,调节该冷却水的散热量,就能够正确地控制冷却水温度。Also, even if the cooling water temperature drops due to the decrease in the rotation speed of the
另一方面,在致冷运转时,为了不妨碍致冷能力,在冷却水温度低时,使冷却水的全部在主冷却路径的散热器20持续循环,降低冷却水泵39的转速,以促使冷却水温上升,当冷却水温不能上升时,把冷却水也分配给副冷却路径,而抑制冷却水的散热量,促使冷却水温上升。On the other hand, during cooling operation, in order not to hinder the cooling capacity, when the cooling water temperature is low, all of the cooling water is continuously circulated in the radiator 20 of the main cooling path, and the rotating speed of the cooling
这样,根据本实施方式,通过向主冷却路径和副冷却路径进行冷却水的分配和控制冷却水泵39的转速,能够控制冷却水温度,不需要如现在这样使用衬蜡三通阀,因此,能降低成本。In this way, according to the present embodiment, by distributing the cooling water to the main cooling path and the sub cooling path and controlling the rotation speed of the cooling
另外,根据本实施方式,在冷却水温度高于目标温度时,要基于冷却水温度和目标温度的温度差提高冷却水泵39的转速,因此,冷却水温度上升之外,还能够抑制该温度上升。由此,能够把冷却水温保持在目标温度。In addition, according to this embodiment, when the cooling water temperature is higher than the target temperature, the rotation speed of the cooling
另外,根据本实施方式,在副冷却路径形成设置旁通管99的结构,其用于分流在该副冷却路径流过的冷却水,旁通辅助蒸发器15。因此,不增大冷媒的压损耗,更低地抑制副冷却路径中的冷却水的散热量,能够迅速地升高冷却水温度。In addition, according to the present embodiment, the sub-cooling path is provided with a
上述的实施方式,说到底只是表示本发明的一例,可以在本发明的范围任意地变形。例如,在上述的实施方式,形成在副冷却路径中设旁通管99的结构,由此,降低辅助蒸发器15中的冷却水的散热量。然而,也不局限于此,也可以在冷却水温度低于目标温度时,减小膨胀阀72的开度,以减少流入辅助蒸发器15的冷媒的流量,用这样的结构,抑制该辅助蒸发器15中的冷却水的散热量。另外,也可以形成在副冷却路径中设旁通管99,同时,也控制膨胀阀72的开度的结构。The above-mentioned embodiment is merely an example of the present invention and can be modified arbitrarily within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the
另外,在上述实施方式,把AC泵用于冷却水泵39,形成由变频器45控制该冷却水泵39的转动量的结构。然而,也不局限于此,也可以形成把DC泵用于冷却水泵39的结构,形成不使用变频器45能够控制转速的结构。In addition, in the above-described embodiment, an AC pump is used for the cooling
另外,也可以使用板式热交换器作为辅助热交换器15。In addition, a plate heat exchanger may also be used as the auxiliary heat exchanger 15 .
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2006046755A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
EP1624260B1 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
EP1624260A2 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
JP4565923B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
CN1734214A (en) | 2006-02-15 |
DE602005010159D1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR100597145B1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1624260A3 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
KR20060047781A (en) | 2006-05-18 |
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