Background technology
In spinning is produced, need to use the equipment that has strike combing elements such as blade, brad, card wire or card clothing that fiber is carried out effective shredding, strike and combing, and the task performance of shredding, strike and combing depend on the sharp keen degree of hitting combing element working portion application point.For the strike combing element in keeping using is in sharp keen state frequently, must looks and hit the wearing and tearing passivation situation of combing element after work a period of time and carry out the periodicity sharpening.In the prior art, the method for sharpening is the method for tempering, and promptly utilizes instruments such as emery wheel, sand roller, abrasive band or sand lump to make itself and the working portion application point that needs sharpening do the grinding of relative high-speed motion, to finish sharpening.
In the prior art, Switzerland's Rieter (Rieter) Mechanology Inc. has researched and developed the online system (IGS) that tempers of a kind of breast swift card clothing, it is to utilize the sand lump that is installed in special use on cylinder bottom and the cylinder axis parallel orbit that the Bearded-needle knitted cloth surface is tempered, when cylinder runs up, sand lump contacts with Bearded-needle knitted cloth to produce and tempers effect, sand lump is done transverse movement in orbit, finishes the sharpening of the whole breadth card clothing of cylinder.
Above-mentioned have following negative effect with cutter grinding method for processing sharpenings such as emery wheel, sand roller, abrasive band or sand lump processing strike combing element:
1, when sharpening is handled, can grind off the hardened layer that hits the combing element surface, have the effect of quickening passivation;
2, sharpening adds between instrument in man-hour (emery wheel, sand roller, abrasive band or sand lump) and workpiece (strike combing element) and has macroscopical active force, is unfavorable for improving the sharpening precision;
3, can produce burr phenomena hitting the combing element edge during sharpening, the strike combing element that newly tempers is easy to cause fibre damage.
Also the strike combing element through using passivation is not carried out the method and apparatus of surface Hardening Treatment in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of fiber hits combing element sharpening and reinforcement, combing element is hit in its sharpening easily and effectively, can also strengthen stiffened and hit combing element working portion application point superficial layer, prolong the inaction period and the service life of hitting combing element.Another object of the present invention is to realize that fiber hits the device of the method for combing element sharpening and reinforcement, and this device not only can be applicable to the off-line sharpening and strengthens the strike combing element, also can be conveniently used in hitting strengthening in machine, online sharpening of combing element.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: fiber hits the method for combing element sharpening and reinforcement, it is characterized in that: adopt electrical discharge machining process that the method for electric spark pulsed discharge galvanic corrosion metal works is applied to hit the online of combing element or off-line sharpening and intensive treatment, the negative pole of the pulse power is connected in the strike combing element, positive pole is connected in tool-electrode, insulate between tool-electrode and piece pole, adjust the parameter of the pulse power and the discharging gap between tool-electrode and the strike combing element, make it to produce discharge, make simultaneously to hit between combing element and tool-electrode to produce relative motion.
Realize that fiber hits the sharpening of combing element and the device of intensifying method, comprise the pulse power, tool-electrode, the discharging gap guiding mechanism, work support, hit combing element and tool-electrode relative movement drives parts, the pulse power is identical with the pulse power of common spark machined, its negative pole is connected in the strike combing element, positive pole is connected in tool-electrode, tool-electrode is installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism, the discharging gap guiding mechanism is contained in the both sides of work support, insulate between tool-electrode and piece pole, hit between combing element and tool-electrode and have discharging gap, hit combing element and tool-electrode relative movement drives mode according to the dissimilar combinations of hitting combing element and tool-electrode, be divided into following single or more than one compound driving: hit the driving of combing element circumference, the tool-electrode circumference drives, tool-electrode axially drives, tool-electrode is tangential to be driven and tool-electrode normal direction servo-drive.
In machine, online sharpening the time, the frame of spinning equipment is work support, and the discharging gap guiding mechanism is contained in the spinning equipment both sides; When the off-line sharpening, discharging gap guiding mechanism and workpiece all are contained in the work support both sides.
The adjustable parameters of the pulse power is mainly: frequency, pulse width, pulse spacing, open-circuit voltage, spark are kept voltage, processing electric current and short circuit current etc.Suitably the electrical quantity of adjusting the pulse power can be controlled sharpen amount, sharpening precision and reinforcing degree.
Tool-electrode can be made with materials such as fine copper, graphite, silver tungsten or copper-tungstens, is good to select low-loss electrode material for use.
The form of tool-electrode reaches with the type of drive of hitting combing workpiece type combination and strike combing element and tool-electrode relative motion can following several situation:
1. the tabular or centrosymmetric stick electrode of bar shaped, cross section comprise circle, with groove is circular or the shape of other center symmetrical sections, its working portion length be workpiece spindle to fabric width, be installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism of spinning equipment or work support both sides.Stick electrode can be made around electrode centers and rotate, and it is suitable for the treatment tube tubular and hits the combing workpiece.It all is circular motion that rotating stick electrode and roller shape hit the combing workpiece.
2. the wire electrode of tensioning, its working portion length be workpiece spindle to fabric width, be installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism of spinning equipment or work support both sides, wire electrode can also can be set to wire for static.Its roller shape that is suitable for handling wide cut hits the combing workpiece, as the hired roughneck of scutching cotton equipment, licker-in etc.It is circular motion that the roller shape hits the combing workpiece.
3. the electrode on block plane can move in horizontal guide rail and driven by horizontal line reciprocator, moves back and forth in fabric width at workpiece spindle.Laterally line reciprocator is installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism of spinning equipment or work support both sides.It is suitable for handling major diameter roller workpiece such as cylinder, and it is circular motion that the roller shape hits the combing workpiece.
4. working face is the bar shaped plate electrode on plane, electrode working portion length be workpiece spindle to fabric width, be installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism, the discharging gap guiding mechanism is contained on the reciprocating mechanism of work support both sides.It is suitable for handling the combing workpiece such as cover plate, securing cover plate, Fitting Fixed Flat Plate of off-line, and workpiece is fixed on the work support, and plate shape electrode is done tangential reciprocating motion.
5. working face is the bar shaped plate electrode with the rough pattern of surface of the work complementation, electrode working portion length is that workpiece spindle is to fabric width, be installed on the discharging gap guiding mechanism, be used for the strike combing element that the axial linearly shape of imitative type sharpening intensive treatment is arranged, be suitable for handling combing elements such as securing cover plate, Fitting Fixed Flat Plate and combing cylinder.It is the same with common spark machined, installs a normal direction servo feed mechanism that is subjected to the operating current FEEDBACK CONTROL of the pulse power on the discharging gap guiding mechanism additional.
When the strike combing element is the roller shape, in order to guarantee the pulse power and piece pole good electrical contact and do not make pulse current flow through bearing and cause bearing impaired under dynamic situation, hitting conducting slip ring of installation on the combing element roller axle, the negative pole of the pulse power is connected on the outer shroud of slip ring.
When tool-electrode is the stick electrode of rotating, in order to guarantee the pulse power and tool-electrode good electrical contact and do not make pulse current flow through bearing and cause bearing impaired under dynamic situation, a conducting slip ring is installed on the tool-electrode axle, and the positive pole of the pulse power is connected on the outer shroud of slip ring.
Make electric insulation between tool-electrode and work support, can be the insulation between tool-electrode and discharging gap guiding mechanism, or the insulation between discharging gap guiding mechanism and work support.
The discharging gap guiding mechanism plays the effect of adjusting gap between tool-electrode and the piece pole, by sharpen amount is controlled in the adjustment of the tool-electrode amount of feeding.
The guiding mechanism of discharging gap is manual or electronic fine motion fine adjustment mechanism, and its structure can turn to accurate bolt and nut adjustment motion block translation or swing arm, obtains micron-sized feed accuracy.Can synchronously adjust discharging gap for the discharging gap guiding mechanism that makes the work support both sides, on two discharging gap guiding mechanisms, synchronous regulating mechanism is housed.
When common spark machined is carried out dimensioned, mobile working media must be arranged, so that produce cold polar effect and get rid of the galvanic corrosion product.Handle to hit combing element particularly during the pointed combing element of needle point thorn, because the area of point of discharge is very little, and point and point are dispersed and distributed at circumferential and axial, be in the relative motion state between workpiece and tool-electrode simultaneously, thereby when pulsed discharge, also can obtain good cold polar effect without working media, also partial short-circuit that can generating electrodes, the galvanic corrosion product also can discharge swimmingly.This be spark erosion technique be used to hit combing element the sharpening intensive treatment time be different from particularly advantageous characteristics to processing of common metal part dimension and surface Hardening Treatment.
When off-line sharpening intensive treatment roller shape workpiece, work support and discharging gap guiding mechanism, the pulse power, tool-electrode, strike combing element and tool-electrode relative movement drives parts etc. constitute the strike combing element sharpening enhanced processor of a special use, workpiece is placed on the work support by bearing and bearing block, and workpiece is rotated around its center of circle, make workpiece and tool-electrode generation relative motion, finish sharpening processed workpiece.
When combing workpiece such as off-line sharpening intensive treatment cover plate, securing cover plate, Fitting Fixed Flat Plate and combing cylinder, work support and discharging gap guiding mechanism, the pulse power, tool-electrode, strike combing element and tool-electrode relative movement drives parts etc. constitute the strike combing element sharpening enhanced processor of a special use, workpiece is fixed on the work support, and plate shape electrode is done tangential reciprocating motion, imitative type sharpening is strengthened electrode and made the normal direction servo motion.
During off-line sharpening intensive treatment, also can be the same with common spark machined, adopt liquid (as kerosene) or gas (as compressed air) working media mode, the discharge working position is in the working media.Owing to have relative motion between workpiece and tool-electrode, liquid medium can be that what to flow also can be static.
In order to handle the combing element that the cover plate class is surrounded by fillet clothing by electricity consumption spark pulse discharge sharpening intensifying method, must change the structure of cover plate fillet clothing and the structure of cover plate bone and card clothing combination, as add conductive materials such as one deck aluminium foil in the card clothing bottom surface, make between each the root pin of card clothing and cover plate bone to have good electrical contact.
Sharpening and intensive treatment that the method and apparatus of electric spark pulsed discharge galvanic corrosion workpiece is applied to hit combing element, combing element is hit in sharpening easily and effectively, can also strengthen and add hard surface layer, the inaction period and the service life of prolongation strike combing element.Instrument does not contact with workpiece during the sharpening intensive treatment, has only small macroscopical active force between the two thereby can improve machining accuracy.It is very favourable to the damage that reduces fiber that the edge of workpiece can not produce burr yet.
The specific embodiment
Among Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, cylinder 2 surfaces that are contained on the carding machine frame 1 are surrounded by metallic card clothing 3, and pulse power negative pole ⊙ is connected with lead on the outer shroud 16 of conducting slip ring, and interior ring 17 by conducting slip ring and cylinder axis 15,2 conductings of cylinder cylindrical shell are to Bearded-needle knitted cloth 3.The positive pole of the pulse power
Be connected in the swing arm 5.Be installed in to
part 14 and 8 insulation the frame both sides of cylinder bottom about the discharging gap guiding mechanism, the rotating bar-shaped tool-electrode of
center symmetry 6 two ends are installed in the swing arm of part 14 about the discharging gap guiding mechanism and 8, and to adjust structure with 8 discharging gap be identical to part 14 about the discharging gap guiding mechanism.The head end of
swing arm 5 is equipped with the
nut 11 that can slightly traverse and turn to, passing
nut 11 with the supporting
screw rod 10 of
nut 11 is locked on the discharging gap guiding
mechanism seat 8 rotationally, be fixed with
worm gear 9 on the
screw rod 10, the synchronous adjusting
lever 12 of discharging gap that
worm screw 13 all is equipped with at two ends is installed in about the discharging gap guiding mechanism on the
part 14 and 8,
worm screw 13 and
worm gear 9 engagements.During synchronous adjusting
lever 12,
worm screw 13
transmission worm gears 9 and
screw rod 10 rotate, and make
swing arm 5 produce elevating movements, so just can synchronously adjust the discharging gap of the left and right sides, and sharpening and intensive treatment are under control in the rotating electric-discharging gap.
On the discharging gap guiding mechanism seat 8 and swing arm 5 of frame one side, the driver part that bar-shaped tool-electrode 6 rotates also is housed, drive motors 4 is equipped with at swinging center place in swing arm 5, and motor shaft end is equipped with belt pulley, is contained in the belt pulley 7 of bar-shaped tool-electrode 6 head ends by belt drives.
Utilize the drive mechanism cylinder of breast swift to rotate, the driven tool electrode rotates simultaneously, and the make pulse power supply is also adjusted the discharging gap guiding mechanism, can carry out sharpening and reinforcement to Bearded-needle knitted cloth.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, also tool-electrode 6 can be changed into the wire electrode or the bar shaped plate electrode of tensioning, but the driver part of removal tool electrode at this moment.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, also tool-electrode 6 can be changed into the electrode on block plane, block type electrode can move in horizontal guide rail and be driven by horizontal line reciprocator, moves back and forth in fabric width at workpiece spindle.Guide rail and laterally line reciprocator be installed in the swing arm of part 14 about the discharging gap guiding mechanism and 8.